Atacamite: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
imported>Eric Kvaalen The bronze of the Antikythera mechanism had turned to atacamite under the sea. |
imported>A876 +link [biomineral]. livened 1 URL. sorted. |
||
| (One intermediate revision by one other user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Halide evaporite mineral}} | {{Short description|Halide evaporite mineral}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}} | |||
{{Infobox mineral | {{Infobox mineral | ||
| name = Atacamite | | name = Atacamite | ||
| Line 54: | Line 55: | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Atacamite''' is a [[copper]] [[halide mineral]]: a [[Dicopper chloride trihydroxide|copper(II) chloride hydroxide]] with formula Cu<sub>2</sub>Cl(OH)<sub>3</sub>. It was first described | '''Atacamite''' is a [[copper]] [[halide mineral]]: a [[Dicopper chloride trihydroxide|copper(II) chloride hydroxide]] with formula Cu<sub>2</sub>Cl(OH)<sub>3</sub>. It was first described from deposits in the [[Atacama Desert]] of Chile in 1802 by [[Dmitri Alekseyevich Golitsyn]].<ref name="Mindat" /> The Atacama Desert is also the namesake of the mineral. | ||
== Occurrence == | == Occurrence == | ||
Atacamite is [[Polymorphism (materials science)|polymorphous]] with [[botallackite]], [[clinoatacamite]], and [[paratacamite]].<ref name="Mindat" /> Atacamite is a comparatively rare mineral, formed from primary copper minerals in the [[oxidation]] or [[weathering]] zone of arid climates. It has also been reported as a [[volcanic sublimate]] from [[fumarole]] deposits, as sulfide alteration products in [[black smoker]]s.<ref name="HBM" /> The mineral has also been found naturally on oxidized copper deposits in Chile, [[China]], [[Russia]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Arizona]], and [[Australia]].<ref name=":0" /> It occurs in association with [[cuprite]], [[brochantite]], [[linarite]], [[caledonite]], [[malachite]], [[chrysocolla]] and its polymorphs.<ref name="HBM" /> | Atacamite is [[Polymorphism (materials science)|polymorphous]] with [[botallackite]], [[clinoatacamite]], and [[paratacamite]].<ref name="Mindat" /> Atacamite is a comparatively rare mineral, formed from primary copper minerals in the [[oxidation]] or [[weathering]] zone of arid climates. It has also been reported as a [[volcanic sublimate]] from [[fumarole]] deposits, as sulfide alteration products in [[black smoker]]s.<ref name="HBM" /> The mineral has also been found naturally on oxidized copper deposits in Chile, [[China]], [[Russia]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Arizona]], and [[Australia]].<ref name=":0" /> It occurs in association with [[cuprite]], [[brochantite]], [[linarite]], [[caledonite]], [[malachite]], and [[chrysocolla]] and its polymorphs.<ref name="HBM" /> | ||
=== Synthetic | ===Synthetic occurrence=== | ||
Atacamite has been discovered in the patina of the [[Statue of Liberty]], and as alteration of ancient [[bronze]] and copper [[Artifact (archaeology)|artifacts]]. The bronze of the [[Antikythera mechanism]] had turned to atacamite under the sea.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Alex Wilkins |title=Ancient computer's gears may not have been able to turn |journal=New Scientist |date= | Atacamite has been discovered in the patina of the [[Statue of Liberty]], and as alteration of ancient [[bronze]] and copper [[Artifact (archaeology)|artifacts]]. The bronze of the [[Antikythera mechanism]] had turned to atacamite under the sea.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Alex Wilkins |title=Ancient computer's gears may not have been able to turn |journal=New Scientist |date=17 April 2025 |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2476675-ancient-computers-gears-may-not-have-been-able-to-turn/}}</ref> | ||
The mineral has been found as a pigment in [[sculpture]], [[ | The mineral has been found as a pigment in [[sculpture]], [[manuscript]]s, [[map]]s, and [[fresco]]es discovered in [[Eurasia]], [[Russia]], and [[Persia]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=http://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Atacamite |title=Atacamite – CAMEO |website=cameo.mfa.org |language=en |access-date=2017-10-15}}</ref> | ||
=== Biomineral === | ===Biomineral=== | ||
Atacamite occurs as a biomineral in the jaws of [[Glycera (genus)|bloodworms]].<ref name="Lichtenegger">{{cite journal | Atacamite occurs as a [[biomineral]] in the jaws of [[Glycera (genus) |bloodworms]].<ref name="Lichtenegger">{{cite journal |title=High abrasion resistance with sparse mineralization: copper biomineral in worm jaws |journal=Science |date=October 2002 |volume=298 |issue=5592 |pages=389–92 |bibcode=2002Sci...298..389L |doi=10.1126/science.1075433 |pmid=12376695 |vauthors=Lichtenegger HC, Schöberl T, Bartl MH, Waite H, Stucky GD |s2cid=14001250}}</ref> | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
| Line 74: | Line 75: | ||
{{clear}} | {{clear}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* | {{Commons category|Atacamite}} | ||
*{{cite web |title=The mineral atacamite |website=Amethyst Galleries' Mineral Gallery |url=https://galleries.com/minerals/halides/atacamit/atacamit.htm |url-status=live |access-date=2025-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050911055400/http://mineral.galleries.com/minerals/halides/atacamit/atacamit.htm |archive-date=2005-09-11}} | |||
[[Category:Chloride minerals]] | |||
[[Category:Copper(II) minerals]] | [[Category:Copper(II) minerals]] | ||
[[Category:Hydroxide minerals]] | [[Category:Hydroxide minerals]] | ||
[[Category:Minerals described in 1802]] | |||
[[Category:Minerals in space group 62]] | |||
[[Category:Orthorhombic minerals]] | [[Category:Orthorhombic minerals]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:21, 21 October 2025
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Atacamite is a copper halide mineral: a copper(II) chloride hydroxide with formula Cu2Cl(OH)3. It was first described from deposits in the Atacama Desert of Chile in 1802 by Dmitri Alekseyevich Golitsyn.[1] The Atacama Desert is also the namesake of the mineral.
Occurrence
Atacamite is polymorphous with botallackite, clinoatacamite, and paratacamite.[1] Atacamite is a comparatively rare mineral, formed from primary copper minerals in the oxidation or weathering zone of arid climates. It has also been reported as a volcanic sublimate from fumarole deposits, as sulfide alteration products in black smokers.[2] The mineral has also been found naturally on oxidized copper deposits in Chile, China, Russia, Czech Republic, Arizona, and Australia.[3] It occurs in association with cuprite, brochantite, linarite, caledonite, malachite, and chrysocolla and its polymorphs.[2]
Synthetic occurrence
Atacamite has been discovered in the patina of the Statue of Liberty, and as alteration of ancient bronze and copper artifacts. The bronze of the Antikythera mechanism had turned to atacamite under the sea.[4]
The mineral has been found as a pigment in sculpture, manuscripts, maps, and frescoes discovered in Eurasia, Russia, and Persia.[3]
Biomineral
Atacamite occurs as a biomineral in the jaws of bloodworms.[5]
-
Atacamite prisms from Chile
-
Atacamite from Chile displayed in the Harvard Museum of Natural History
-
Atacamite from Mt. Gunson, South Australia
_2012-07-20.jpg){kind=link}
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ a b Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ a b Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
External links
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".