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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}
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{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship
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|section1={{Infobox ship/image
|Ship image=[[File:USS Stark (FFG-31).jpg|300px|USS Stark FFG-31]]
|image=USS Stark (FFG-31).jpg
|Ship caption=USS ''Stark'' (FFG-31)
|image_caption=USS ''Stark'' (FFG-31)
}}
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{{Infobox ship career
 
|Hide header=
|section2={{Infobox ship/career
|Ship country=United States
|hide_header=
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1999}}
|country=United States
|Ship name=''Stark''
|flag={{USN flag|1999}}
|Ship namesake=[[Admiral (United States)|Admiral]] [[Harold Raynsford Stark]]
|name=''Stark''
|Ship ordered=
|namesake=[[Admiral (United States)|Admiral]] [[Harold Raynsford Stark]]
|Ship awarded=23 January 1978
|ordered=
|Ship builder=[[Todd Pacific Shipyards]], [[Seattle, Washington]]
|awarded=23 January 1978
|Ship original cost=
|builder=[[Todd Pacific Shipyards]], [[Seattle, Washington]]
|Ship yard number=
|original_cost=
|Ship way number=
|yard_number=
|Ship laid down=24 August 1979
|way_number=
|Ship launched=30 May 1980
|laid_down=24 August 1979
|Ship sponsor=
|launched=30 May 1980
|Ship christened=
|sponsor=
|Ship completed=
|christened=
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|Ship commissioned=23 October 1982
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|commissioned=23 October 1982
|Ship decommissioned=7 May 1999
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|decommissioned=7 May 1999
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|Ship struck=7 May 1999
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|Ship homeport=[[Naval Station Mayport]] (former)
|reinstated=
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|homeport=[[Naval Station Mayport]] (former)
|identification=
* [[Hull classification symbol#Surface combatant type|Hull symbol]]: FFG-31
* [[Hull classification symbol#Surface combatant type|Hull symbol]]: FFG-31
* [[International Code of Signals|Code letters]]: NHPA
* [[International Code of Signals|Code letters]]: NHPA
* {{ICS|November}}{{ICS|Hotel}}{{ICS|Papa}}{{ICS|Alpha}}
* {{ICS|November}}{{ICS|Hotel}}{{ICS|Papa}}{{ICS|Alpha}}
|Ship motto=''Strength for Freedom''
|motto=''Strength for Freedom''
|Ship nickname=
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|Ship honors=
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|Ship fate=Scrapped 2006
|fate=Scrapped 2006
|Ship notes=
|notes=
|Ship badge={{Dodseal|FFG-31|149}}
|badge={{Dodseal|FFG-31|149}}
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
 
|Hide header=
|section3={{Infobox ship/characteristics
|Header caption=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navsource.org/archives/07/0731.htm |title=USS Stark (FFG 31) |publisher=Navsource.org |access-date=11 April 2015}}</ref>
|hide_header=
|Ship class={{Sclass|Oliver Hazard Perry|frigate}}
|header_caption=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navsource.net/archives/07/0731.htm |title=USS Stark (FFG 31) |website=NavSource |access-date=11 April 2015}}</ref>
|Ship displacement={{OHP frigate displacement}}
|class={{Sclass|Oliver Hazard Perry|frigate}}
|Ship length={{OHP frigate length short hull}}
|displacement={{OHP frigate displacement}}
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|Ship notes= Short deck variant, no towed array
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'''USS ''Stark'' (FFG-31)''' was the 23rd ship of the {{sclass|Oliver Hazard Perry|frigate|4}} of guided-missile [[frigate]]s and was named after Admiral [[Harold Raynsford Stark]] (1880–1972). Ordered from [[Todd Pacific Shipyards]] in [[Seattle, Washington]], on 23 January 1978, ''Stark'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]] on 24 August 1979, [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 30 May 1980, and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 23 October 1982. In 1987, an [[USS Stark incident|Iraqi jet fired two missiles]] at ''Stark'', killing 37 U.S. sailors on board. Decommissioned on 7 May 1999, ''Stark'' was scrapped in 2006.<ref name="nhhc1">{{cite news |title=Stark (FFG-31) |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/s/stark--ffg-31-.html |publisher=Naval History and Heritage Command |date=16 March 2017}}</ref>
'''USS ''Stark'' (FFG-31)''' was the 23rd ship of the {{sclass|Oliver Hazard Perry|frigate|4}} of guided-missile [[frigate]]s and was named after Admiral [[Harold Raynsford Stark]] (1880–1972). Ordered from [[Todd Pacific Shipyards]] in [[Seattle, Washington]], on 23 January 1978, ''Stark'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]] on 24 August 1979, [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 30 May 1980, and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 23 October 1982. In 1987, an [[USS Stark incident|Iraqi jet fired two missiles]] at ''Stark'', killing 37 U.S. sailors on board. Decommissioned on 7 May 1999, ''Stark'' was scrapped in 2006.<ref name="nhhc1">{{cite news |title=Stark (FFG-31) |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/s/stark--ffg-31-.html |publisher=Naval History and Heritage Command |date=16 March 2017}}</ref>
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==Missile attack==
==Missile attack==
{{main|USS Stark incident}}
{{main|USS Stark incident}}
USS ''Stark'' was deployed to the [[Middle East Force]] in 1984 and 1987. Captain [[Glenn R. Brindel]] was the [[commanding officer]] during the 1987 deployment. The ship was struck on 17 May 1987 by two [[Exocet]] anti-ship missiles during the [[Iran–Iraq War]] fired from an Iraqi aircraft officially identified as a [[Dassault Mirage F1]] fighter,<ref name="DoD_report">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120323222902/http://www.dod.gov/pubs/foi/operation_and_plans/USS_Liberty_Pueblo_Stark/65rev.pdf Formal Investigation into the Circumstances Surrounding the Attack of the USS Stark in 1987]</ref> The Reagan administration attributed the blame to Iran for its alleged belligerence in the underlying conflict.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bacevich |first=Andrew |title=America's War for the Greater Middle East: A Military History |year=2016 |publisher=Random House}}</ref> The plane had taken off from [[Shaibah]], Iraq at 20:00 and had flown south into the [[Persian Gulf]]. The pilot fired the first Exocet missile from a range of {{convert |22.5 |nmi |km}}, and the second from {{convert|15.5|nmi|km}}, just about the time ''Stark'' issued a standard warning by radio.<ref name=kelley-0706>{{Cite journal |url=http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/research/theses/kelley07.pdf |title=Better Lucky Than Good: Operation Earnest Will as Gunboat Diplomacy |author=Stephen Andrew Kelley |date=June 2007 |publisher=[[Naval Postgraduate School]] |access-date=9 November 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823062402/http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/research/theses/kelley07.pdf |archive-date=23 August 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The frigate did not detect the missiles with radar; warning was given by the lookout only moments before the missiles struck.<ref name="DoD_report"/> The first penetrated the port-side hull and failed to detonate, but left flaming rocket fuel in its path. The second entered at almost the same point, and, leaving a {{convert |3 |by |4 |m |ft |0 |adj=on |sp=us}} gash, exploded in crew quarters. The missiles killed 37 sailors and injured 21.<ref name="DoD_report"/>
USS ''Stark'' was deployed to the [[Middle East Force]] in 1984 and 1987. Captain [[Glenn R. Brindel]] was the [[commanding officer]] during the 1987 deployment. The ship was struck on 17 May 1987 by two [[Exocet]] anti-ship missiles during the [[Iran–Iraq War]] fired from an Iraqi aircraft officially identified as a [[Dassault Mirage F1]] fighter,<ref name="DoD_report">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dod.gov/pubs/foi/operation_and_plans/USS_Liberty_Pueblo_Stark/65rev.pdf|title=Wayback Machine|website=www.dod.gov|access-date=26 September 2011|archive-date=23 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323222902/http://www.dod.gov/pubs/foi/operation_and_plans/USS_Liberty_Pueblo_Stark/65rev.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Reagan administration attributed the blame to Iran for its alleged belligerence in the underlying conflict.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bacevich |first=Andrew |title=America's War for the Greater Middle East: A Military History |year=2016 |publisher=Random House}}</ref> The plane had taken off from [[Shaibah]], Iraq at 20:00 and had flown south into the [[Persian Gulf]]. The pilot fired the first Exocet missile from a range of {{convert |22.5 |nmi |km}}, and the second from {{convert|15.5|nmi|km}}, just about the time ''Stark'' issued a standard warning by radio.<ref name=kelley-0706>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/research/theses/kelley07.pdf |title=Better Lucky Than Good: Operation Earnest Will as Gunboat Diplomacy |author=Stephen Andrew Kelley |date=June 2007 |publisher=[[Naval Postgraduate School]] |access-date=9 November 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823062402/http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/research/theses/kelley07.pdf |archive-date=23 August 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The frigate did not detect the missiles with radar; warning was given by the lookout only moments before the missiles struck.<ref name="DoD_report"/> The first penetrated the port-side hull and failed to detonate, but left flaming rocket fuel in its path. The second entered at almost the same point, and, leaving a {{convert |3 |by |4 |m |ft |0 |adj=on |sp=us}} gash, exploded in crew quarters. The missiles killed 37 sailors and injured 21.<ref name="DoD_report"/>


[[File:USS Stark.jpg|thumb|left|''Stark'' listing following two hits by [[Exocet]] missiles.]]
[[File:USS Stark.jpg|thumb|left|''Stark'' listing following two hits by [[Exocet]] missiles.]]
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[[File:USS Stark - external damage by exocet.jpg|thumb|left|A view of external damage to the port side.]]
[[File:USS Stark - external damage by exocet.jpg|thumb|left|A view of external damage to the port side.]]
It is unknown whether Iraqi leaders authorized the attack. Initial claims by the Iraqi government that ''Stark'' was inside the Iran–Iraq War zone were shown to be false. The motives and orders of the pilot remain unanswered. American officials have claimed he was executed, but an ex-Iraqi Air Force commander later said that the pilot who attacked ''Stark'' was not punished, and remained alive.<ref>{{cite book |last=Fisk |first=Robert |title=The Great War For Civilisation: The Conquest of the Middle East |url=https://archive.org/details/greatwarforcivil00fisk_0 |url-access=registration |year=2005 |publisher=Knopf Publishing|isbn=9781400041510 }}</ref> According to Jean-Louis Bernard, author of ''Heroes of Bagdad'', the pilot, Abdul Rhaman, not only was not punished, but received the [[Medal of Bravery (Iraq)|Medal of Bravery]] at the end of "a joint Iraqi-American commission of inquiry."<ref>{{cite book|last=Bernard|first=Jean-Louis|title=Les héros de Bagdad: Tome 2, Les débuts du Mirage F1, et l'aventure du Super-Etendard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=znjZzQEACAAJ |year=2020|publisher=Editions Jean-Pierre Otelli|isbn=978-2-37301-131-9}}</ref>{{page needed|date=April 2021}} His subsequent defection is not mentioned in this book. Jean-Louis Bernard also confirms the use of a Falcon 50 during this action.{{clarify|date=May 2021|reason="subsequent defection" needs clarification and support}}
It is unknown whether Iraqi leaders authorized the attack. Initial claims by the Iraqi government that ''Stark'' was inside the Iran–Iraq War zone were shown to be false. The motives and orders of the pilot remain unanswered. American officials have claimed he was executed, but an ex-Iraqi Air Force commander later said that the pilot who attacked ''Stark'' was not punished, and remained alive.<ref>{{cite book |last=Fisk |first=Robert |title=The Great War For Civilisation: The Conquest of the Middle East |url=https://archive.org/details/greatwarforcivil00fisk_0 |url-access=registration |year=2005 |publisher=Knopf Publishing|isbn=9781400041510 }}</ref> According to Jean-Louis Bernard, author of ''Heroes of Bagdad'', the pilot, Abdul Rhaman, not only was not punished, but received the [[Medal of Bravery (Iraq)|Medal of Bravery]] at the end of "a joint Iraqi-American commission of inquiry."<ref>{{cite book|last=Bernard|first=Jean-Louis|title=Les héros de Bagdad: Tome 2, Les débuts du Mirage F1, et l'aventure du Super-Etendard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=znjZzQEACAAJ |year=2020|publisher=Editions Jean-Pierre Otelli|isbn=978-2-37301-131-9}}</ref>{{page needed|date=April 2021}} His subsequent defection is not mentioned in this book. Jean-Louis Bernard also confirms the use of a Falcon 50 during this action.{{clarify|date=May 2021|reason="subsequent defection" needs clarification and support}}
Citing lapses in training requirements and lax procedures, the U.S. Navy's board of inquiry relieved Captain Brindel of command and recommended him for [[court-martial]], along with tactical action officer Lieutenant Basil E. Moncrief. Instead, Brindel and Moncrief received [[Nonjudicial punishment|non-judicial punishment]] from [[Admiral (United States)|Admiral]] [[Frank B. Kelso II]] and [[Letter of reprimand|letters of reprimand]]. Brindel opted for early retirement while Moncrief resigned his commission after only eight years of service.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/4dd26be262aab7b7f9f5404dc46d1111|title = Two Officers Accept Blame in Frigate Attack, Will Leave Service|website = [[Associated Press]]}}</ref> The [[executive officer]], [[Lieutenant Commander (United States)|Lieutenant Commander]] Raymond Gajan Jr., was detached for cause and received a letter of admonition.<ref>{{cite news |work=The New York Times |title=Navy Forgoes Courts-Martial for Officers of Stark |url= https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE6DD1439F93BA15754C0A961948260 |date=28 July 1987 |first=John H. |last=Cushman Jr}}</ref>
Citing lapses in training requirements and lax procedures, the U.S. Navy's board of inquiry relieved Captain Brindel of command and recommended him for [[court-martial]], along with [[Tactical Action Officer|tactical action officer]] Lieutenant Basil E. Moncrief. Instead, Brindel and Moncrief received [[Nonjudicial punishment|non-judicial punishment]] from [[Admiral (United States)|Admiral]] [[Frank B. Kelso II]] and [[Letter of reprimand|letters of reprimand]]. Brindel opted for early retirement while Moncrief resigned his commission after only eight years of service.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/4dd26be262aab7b7f9f5404dc46d1111|title = Two Officers Accept Blame in Frigate Attack, Will Leave Service|website = [[Associated Press]]}}</ref> The [[executive officer]], [[Lieutenant Commander (United States)|Lieutenant Commander]] Raymond Gajan Jr., was detached for cause and received a letter of admonition.<ref>{{cite news |work=The New York Times |title=Navy Forgoes Courts-Martial for Officers of Stark |url= https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE6DD1439F93BA15754C0A961948260 |date=28 July 1987 |first=John H. |last=Cushman Jr}}</ref>


==1990s==
==1990s==
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Naval Vessel Register|{{Naval Vessel Register URL|id=FFG31}}}}
{{Naval Vessel Register|hull=FFG-31}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
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*Host page for PDF version of report: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110501033851/http://www.jag.navy.mil/library/investigations/USS%20STARK%20BASIC.pdf Formal Investigation into the Circumstances Surrounding the Attack of the USS ''Stark'' in 1987]
*Host page for PDF version of report: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110501033851/http://www.jag.navy.mil/library/investigations/USS%20STARK%20BASIC.pdf Formal Investigation into the Circumstances Surrounding the Attack of the USS ''Stark'' in 1987]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061025071251/http://www.dcfp.navy.mil/mc/museum/STARK/Stark3.htm US Navy's Damage Control Museum] page on the USS ''Stark''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061025071251/http://www.dcfp.navy.mil/mc/museum/STARK/Stark3.htm US Navy's Damage Control Museum] page on the USS ''Stark''
*{{navsource|07/0731|USS Stark (FFG-31)}}
*[http://eightiesclub.tripod.com/id344.htm Information on Operation Earnest Will] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131222541/http://eightiesclub.tripod.com/id344.htm |date=31 January 2010 }}
*[http://eightiesclub.tripod.com/id344.htm Information on Operation Earnest Will] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131222541/http://eightiesclub.tripod.com/id344.htm |date=31 January 2010 }}
*[http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/frigates/pages/uss_stark_ffg_31_page_1.htm MaritimeQuest USS ''Stark'' FFG-31 pages]
*[http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/frigates/pages/uss_stark_ffg_31_page_1.htm MaritimeQuest USS ''Stark'' FFG-31 pages]

Latest revision as of 22:54, 30 December 2025

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USS Stark (FFG-31) was the 23rd ship of the Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". of guided-missile frigates and was named after Admiral Harold Raynsford Stark (1880–1972). Ordered from Todd Pacific Shipyards in Seattle, Washington, on 23 January 1978, Stark was laid down on 24 August 1979, launched on 30 May 1980, and commissioned on 23 October 1982. In 1987, an Iraqi jet fired two missiles at Stark, killing 37 U.S. sailors on board. Decommissioned on 7 May 1999, Stark was scrapped in 2006.[1]

Missile attack

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". USS Stark was deployed to the Middle East Force in 1984 and 1987. Captain Glenn R. Brindel was the commanding officer during the 1987 deployment. The ship was struck on 17 May 1987 by two Exocet anti-ship missiles during the Iran–Iraq War fired from an Iraqi aircraft officially identified as a Dassault Mirage F1 fighter,[2] The Reagan administration attributed the blame to Iran for its alleged belligerence in the underlying conflict.[3] The plane had taken off from Shaibah, Iraq at 20:00 and had flown south into the Persian Gulf. The pilot fired the first Exocet missile from a range of Script error: No such module "convert"., and the second from Script error: No such module "convert"., just about the time Stark issued a standard warning by radio.[4] The frigate did not detect the missiles with radar; warning was given by the lookout only moments before the missiles struck.[2] The first penetrated the port-side hull and failed to detonate, but left flaming rocket fuel in its path. The second entered at almost the same point, and, leaving a Script error: No such module "convert". gash, exploded in crew quarters. The missiles killed 37 sailors and injured 21.[2]

File:USS Stark.jpg
Stark listing following two hits by Exocet missiles.

No weapons were fired in defense of Stark. The autonomous Phalanx CIWS remained in standby mode,[5] Mark 36 SRBOC countermeasures were not armed until seconds before the missile hit. The attacking Exocet missiles and Mirage aircraft were in a blindspot of the STIR fire control director (Separate tracking and illumination Radar, part of the Mk 92 Guided Missile Fire Control System), and the Oto Melara Mk 75 76 mm/62 caliber naval gun, but in the clear for the MK 92 CAS (Combined Antenna System, primary search and tracking radar of the Mk 92 Guided Missile Fire Control System) and the Mk 13 Mod 4 single-arm launcher. The ship failed to maneuver to bring its Mk 75 to bear before the first missile hit.[2]

On fire and listing, the frigate was brought under control by its crew during the night. The ship made its way to Bahrain where, after temporary repairs by the destroyer tender Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". to make her seaworthy,[6] she returned to her home port of Naval Station Mayport, under her own power. The ship was eventually repaired at Ingalls Shipbuilding in Mississippi for $142 million.[7]

File:USS Stark - external damage by exocet.jpg
A view of external damage to the port side.

It is unknown whether Iraqi leaders authorized the attack. Initial claims by the Iraqi government that Stark was inside the Iran–Iraq War zone were shown to be false. The motives and orders of the pilot remain unanswered. American officials have claimed he was executed, but an ex-Iraqi Air Force commander later said that the pilot who attacked Stark was not punished, and remained alive.[8] According to Jean-Louis Bernard, author of Heroes of Bagdad, the pilot, Abdul Rhaman, not only was not punished, but received the Medal of Bravery at the end of "a joint Iraqi-American commission of inquiry."[9]Script error: No such module "Unsubst". His subsequent defection is not mentioned in this book. Jean-Louis Bernard also confirms the use of a Falcon 50 during this action.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Citing lapses in training requirements and lax procedures, the U.S. Navy's board of inquiry relieved Captain Brindel of command and recommended him for court-martial, along with tactical action officer Lieutenant Basil E. Moncrief. Instead, Brindel and Moncrief received non-judicial punishment from Admiral Frank B. Kelso II and letters of reprimand. Brindel opted for early retirement while Moncrief resigned his commission after only eight years of service.[10] The executive officer, Lieutenant Commander Raymond Gajan Jr., was detached for cause and received a letter of admonition.[11]

1990s

Stark was part of the Standing Naval Forces Atlantic Fleet in 1990 before returning to the Middle East Force in 1991. Stark was attached to UNITAS in 1993 and took part in Operation Uphold Democracy and Operation Able Vigil in 1994. In 1995, Stark returned to the Middle East Force before serving with the Standing Naval Forces, Atlantic (STANAVFORLANT) in 1997 and in 1998.

Stark was decommissioned on 7 May 1999. A scrapping contract was awarded to Metro Machine Corp. of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on 7 October 2005. The ship was reported scrapped on 21 June 2006.[12] Her stern plate was saved and donated to Naval Station Mayport.[13]

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Navy Jag Corps
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Naval Vessel Register. Template:Naval Vessel Register URL. Retrieved 4 April 2007.
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Further reading

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External links

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