Raster graphics editor: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Darktable 4.4.2 with an image opened in darkroom view.png|thumb|[[Darktable]], a raw photo post-processing application]] | [[File:Darktable 4.4.2 with an image opened in darkroom view.png|thumb|[[Darktable]], a raw photo post-processing application]] | ||
[[File:Gimp 2.4.3.png|thumb|[[GIMP]], a feature-rich general-purpose raster graphics editor]] | [[File:Gimp 2.4.3.png|thumb|[[GIMP]], a feature-rich general-purpose raster graphics editor]] | ||
[[File:Krita 5.0.0 screenshot.png|thumb|[[Krita]], a raster graphics editor designed primarily for digital art and 2D animation]] | |||
A '''raster graphics editor''' (also called '''bitmap graphics editor''') is a [[computer program]] that allows users to [[Computer graphics|create]] and [[image editing|edit]] images interactively on the computer screen and save them in one of many [[raster graphics]] [[Image file formats|file formats]] (also known as [[bitmap]] images) such as [[JPEG]], [[Portable Network Graphics|PNG]], and [[GIF]]. | A '''raster graphics editor''' (also called '''bitmap graphics editor''') is a [[computer program]] that allows users to [[Computer graphics|create]] and [[image editing|edit]] images interactively on the computer screen and save them in one of many [[raster graphics]] [[Image file formats|file formats]] (also known as [[bitmap]] images) such as [[JPEG]], [[Portable Network Graphics|PNG]], and [[GIF]]. | ||
== Comparison to vector graphic editors == | == Comparison to vector graphic editors == | ||
[[Vector graphics editor]]s are often contrasted with raster graphics editors, yet their capabilities complement each other. The technical difference between vector and raster editors stem from the difference between vector and raster images. [[Vector graphics]] are created mathematically, using [[Geometry|geometric]] [[formula]]s. Each element is created and manipulated numerically; essentially using [[Cartesian coordinate system|Cartesian coordinates]] for the placement of key points, and then a mathematical algorithm to connect the dots and define the colors. | [[Vector graphics editor]]s are often contrasted with raster graphics editors, yet their capabilities complement each other. The technical difference between vector and raster editors stem from the difference between vector and raster images. [[Vector graphics]] are created mathematically, using [[Geometry|geometric]] [[formula]]s. Each element is created and manipulated numerically; essentially using [[Cartesian coordinate system|Cartesian coordinates]] for the placement of key points, and then a mathematical algorithm to connect the dots and define the colors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raster vs. vector: What are the differences? {{!}} Adobe |url=https://www.adobe.com/creativecloud/file-types/image/comparison/raster-vs-vector.html |access-date=2025-09-18 |website=www.adobe.com}}</ref> | ||
Raster images include [[Digital photography|digital photos]]. A raster image is made up of rows and columns of dots, called [[pixel]]s,<ref name="mdn24" /><ref name="gimp24" /> and is generally more [[Photorealism|photo-realistic]]. This is the standard form for [[digital camera]]s; whether it be a [[Raw image format|.raw]] file or [[JPEG|.jpg]] file, the concept is the same. The image is represented pixel by pixel, like a | Raster images include [[Digital photography|digital photos]]. A raster image is made up of rows and columns of dots, called [[pixel]]s,<ref name="mdn24" /><ref name="gimp24" /> and is generally more [[Photorealism|photo-realistic]]. This is the standard form for [[digital camera]]s; whether it be a [[Raw image format|.raw]] file or [[JPEG|.jpg]] file, the concept is the same. The image is represented pixel by pixel, like tiny squares in a grid.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Vector vs. Raster Images: Choosing the Right Format |url=https://pavilion.dinfos.edu/Article/Article/2223089/vector-vs-raster-images-choosing-the-right-format/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250915210402/https://pavilion.dinfos.edu/Article/Article/2223089/vector-vs-raster-images-choosing-the-right-format/ |archive-date=2025-09-15 |access-date=2025-09-18 |work=DINFOS Pavilion |language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
Vector editors tend to be better suited for [[graphic design]], [[page layout]], [[typography]], [[logo]]s, sharp-edged artistic [[illustration]]s, ''e.g.'', [[cartoon]]s, clip art, complex geometric patterns, [[technical illustration]]s, [[diagram]]ming and [[flowchart]]ing. | Vector editors tend to be better suited for [[graphic design]], [[page layout]], [[typography]], [[logo]]s, sharp-edged artistic [[illustration]]s, ''e.g.'', [[cartoon]]s, clip art, complex geometric patterns, [[technical illustration]]s, [[diagram]]ming and [[flowchart]]ing. | ||
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== Popular editors == | == Popular editors == | ||
[[File:Graphics tablet.jpg|thumb|[[XP-PEN]] Deco 01V3 [[graphics tablet]] using [[Krita]]]] | |||
* [[Adobe Photoshop]]: Industry standard for photography, design, and digital art | * [[Adobe Photoshop]]: Industry standard for photography, design, and digital art | ||
* [[GIMP]]: Free, open-source | * [[GIMP]]: Free, open-source image manipulation program with similar features to Photoshop | ||
* [[Corel Painter]]: Focuses on digital painting with traditional art simulation | * [[Corel Painter]]: Focuses on digital painting with traditional art simulation | ||
* [[Affinity Photo]]: Professional-grade tools with a one-time purchase model | * [[Affinity Photo]]: Professional-grade tools with a one-time purchase model | ||
* [[Procreate (software)|Procreate]] | * [[Procreate (software)|Procreate]]: Popular app for digital painting on iPad | ||
* [[Krita]] : | * [[Krita]] : Popular free and open-source program for a variety of operating systems | ||
== Common features == | == Common features == | ||
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* Fill a region with a single color, [[Image gradient|gradient of colors]], or a texture | * Fill a region with a single color, [[Image gradient|gradient of colors]], or a texture | ||
* Select a color using different color models, ''e.g.'', [[RGB color model|RGB]], [[HSL and HSV|HSV]], or by using a [[Color tool|color dropper]] | * Select a color using different color models, ''e.g.'', [[RGB color model|RGB]], [[HSL and HSV|HSV]], or by using a [[Color tool|color dropper]] | ||
* Edit and convert between various [[color model]]s | * Edit and convert between various [[color model]]s | ||
* Add typed letters in various [[typeface|font]] styles | * Add typed letters in various [[typeface|font]] styles | ||
* Remove imperfections from photo images | * Remove imperfections from photo images | ||
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* Apply filters for effects including sharpening and blurring | * Apply filters for effects including sharpening and blurring | ||
* Convert between various [[image file formats]] | * Convert between various [[image file formats]] | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Comparison of raster graphics editors]] | * [[Comparison of raster graphics editors]] | ||
* [[Digital art#List of digital art software|List of digital art software]] | |||
* [[Vector graphics editor]] | * [[Vector graphics editor]] | ||
* [[Texture mapping]] | * [[Texture mapping]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:27, 29 October 2025
Template:Multiple issues Template:Short description
A raster graphics editor (also called bitmap graphics editor) is a computer program that allows users to create and edit images interactively on the computer screen and save them in one of many raster graphics file formats (also known as bitmap images) such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF.
Comparison to vector graphic editors
Vector graphics editors are often contrasted with raster graphics editors, yet their capabilities complement each other. The technical difference between vector and raster editors stem from the difference between vector and raster images. Vector graphics are created mathematically, using geometric formulas. Each element is created and manipulated numerically; essentially using Cartesian coordinates for the placement of key points, and then a mathematical algorithm to connect the dots and define the colors.[1]
Raster images include digital photos. A raster image is made up of rows and columns of dots, called pixels,[2][3] and is generally more photo-realistic. This is the standard form for digital cameras; whether it be a .raw file or .jpg file, the concept is the same. The image is represented pixel by pixel, like tiny squares in a grid.[4]
Vector editors tend to be better suited for graphic design, page layout, typography, logos, sharp-edged artistic illustrations, e.g., cartoons, clip art, complex geometric patterns, technical illustrations, diagramming and flowcharting.
Advanced raster editors, like GIMP and Adobe Photoshop, use vector methods (mathematics) for general layout and elements such as text, but are equipped to deal with raster images down to the pixel and often have special capabilities in doing so, such as brightness/contrast, and even adding "lighting" to a raster image or photograph.
Popular editors
- Adobe Photoshop: Industry standard for photography, design, and digital art
- GIMP: Free, open-source image manipulation program with similar features to Photoshop
- Corel Painter: Focuses on digital painting with traditional art simulation
- Affinity Photo: Professional-grade tools with a one-time purchase model
- Procreate: Popular app for digital painting on iPad
- Krita : Popular free and open-source program for a variety of operating systems
Common features
- Select a region for editing
- Draw lines with simulated brushes of different color, size, shape and pressure
- Fill a region with a single color, gradient of colors, or a texture
- Select a color using different color models, e.g., RGB, HSV, or by using a color dropper
- Edit and convert between various color models
- Add typed letters in various font styles
- Remove imperfections from photo images
- Composite editing using layers
- Apply filters for effects including sharpening and blurring
- Convert between various image file formats
See also
- Comparison of raster graphics editors
- List of digital art software
- Vector graphics editor
- Texture mapping
- Text editor
- 3D modeling