University of Liverpool: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 17:30, 19 November 2025

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The University of Liverpool (abbreviated UOL) is a public research university in Liverpool, England, United Kingdom. Founded in 1881 as University College Liverpool and affiliated with Victoria University in 1884, it received a royal charter from King Edward VII in 1903, thereby attaining the authority to award degrees independently. The university holds and operates assets on the National Heritage List, such as the Liverpool Royal Infirmary (origins in 1749), the Ness Botanic Gardens, and the Victoria Gallery & Museum.

Organised into three faculties divided by 35 schools and departments, the university offers more than 230 first degree courses across 103 subjects. It is a founding member of the Russell Group, and the research intensive association of universities in Northern England, the N8 Group. The phrase "redbrick university" was inspired by the Victoria Building; thus, the university claims to be the original redbrick university, using the phrase in its brand tag line.^[1]

Liverpool is the first UK university to establish departments in oceanography, civic design, architecture, and biochemistry (at the Johnston Laboratories), and also the first to establish an independent university campus in Suzhou, China, known as Xi'an Jiaotong–Liverpool University.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] The university also founded the University of Liverpool Mathematics School, a specialist A-level maths school, located on the university campus.^[6] The university launched a second international campus in Bengaluru, India.^[7] The university has the ninth-largest endowment of any university in the UK, and in 2023/24, it had an income of £705.3 million, of which £123.3 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £515.8 million.^[8]

As of 2024, the university holds four academic fellows of the Academy of Social Sciences and one of the British Academy.^[9]^[10] Ten Nobel Prize laureates have been affiliated with the University of Liverpool as alumni or academic staff, with notable alumni leading fields in medicine, law, business, engineering, the arts, politics, and technology. Graduates of the university are styled with the post-nominal letters, Lpool, to indicate the institution.

History

University College Liverpool

The university was established in 1881 as College Liverpool, admitting its first students in 1882.^[11] In 1884, it became part of the federal Victoria University. In 1894 Oliver Lodge, a professor at the university, made the world's first public radio transmission and two years later took the first surgical X-ray in the United Kingdom.^[12] The Liverpool University Press was founded in 1899, making it the third-oldest university press in England. Students in this period were awarded external degrees by the University of London.^[13]

University status

File:Victoria Building, University of Liverpool 2019.jpg

The centrepiece of the university estate, the Victoria Building, opened in 1892 as the first purpose built facility for the university. The building was the inspiration for the term "red brick university" which was coined by Edgar Allison Peers.

File:Quadrangle, University of Liverpool (2).jpg

The Quadrangle, University of Liverpool

Following a royal charter and an act of Parliament in 1903, it became an independent university (the University of Liverpool) with the right to confer its degrees. The next few years saw major developments at the university, including Sir Charles Sherrington's discovery of the synapse and William Blair-Bell's work on chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer. In the 1930s to 1940s, Sir James Chadwick and Sir Joseph Rotblat made major contributions to the development of the atomic bomb.^[12] From 1943 to 1966, Allan Downie, Professor of Bacteriology, was involved in the eradication of smallpox.

In 1994, the university was a founding member of the Russell Group, a collaboration of twenty leading research-intensive universities, as well as a founding member of the N8 Group in 2004. In the 21st century physicists, engineers and technicians from the University of Liverpool were involved in the construction of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, working on two of the four detectors in the LHC.^[14]

In 2004, Sylvan Learning, later known as Laureate International Universities, became the worldwide partner for University of Liverpool online.^[15] In 2019, it was announced that Kaplan Open Learning, part of Kaplan, Inc., would be the new partner for the University of Liverpool's online programmes.^[16] Laureate continued to provide some teaching provision for existing students until 2021.^[17]

The university has produced ten Nobel Prize winners, from the fields of science, medicine, economics and peace. The Nobel laureates include the physician Sir Ronald Ross, physicist Charles Barkla, physicist Martin Lewis Perl, the physiologist Sir Charles Sherrington, physicist Sir James Chadwick, chemist Sir Robert Robinson, chemist Har Gobind Khorana, physiologist Rodney Porter, economist Ronald Coase and physicist Joseph Rotblat. Sir Ronald Ross was also the first British Nobel laureate in 1902. The university is also associated with Ronald Finn and Sir Cyril Clarke who jointly won the Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award in 1980 and Sir David Weatherall who won the Lasker-Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science in 2010. These Lasker Awards are popularly known as America's Nobels.^[18]

Over the 2013/2014 academic year, members of staff took part in numerous strikes after staff were offered a pay rise of 1% which unions equated to a 13% pay cut since 2008. The strikes were supported by both the university's Guild of Students and the National Union of Students.^[19] Some students at the university supported the strike, occupying buildings on campus.^[20]

Campus and facilities

File:Foundation Building, University of Liverpool.jpg

The Foundation Building, one of the university's main administrative facilities.

File:Yoko Ono Lennon Centre, University of Liverpool.jpg

The Yoko Ono Lennon Centre, opened in 2022.

File:Abercromby Square, Liverpool.jpg

Abercromby Square, home to numerous university departments.

The university is mainly based around a single urban campus approximately five minutes walk from Liverpool City Centre, at the top of Brownlow Hill and Mount Pleasant. Occupying 100 acres, it contains 192 non-residential buildings that house 69 lecture theatres, 114 teaching areas, and research facilities.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

The main site is divided into three faculties: Health and Life Sciences; Humanities and Social Sciences; and Science and Engineering. The Veterinary Teaching Hospital (Leahurst) and Ness Botanical Gardens are based on the Wirral Peninsula. There was formerly a marine biology research station at Port Erin on the Isle of Man until it closed in 2006.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Fifty-one residential buildings, on or near the campus, provide 3,385 rooms for students, on a catered or self-catered basis. The centrepiece of the campus remains the university's original red brick building, the Victoria Building. Opened in 1892, it was restored in 2008 as the Victoria Gallery and Museum,^[21] completed with a café^[22] and activities for school visits.^[23]

In 2011 the university made a commitment to invest £660m into the 'Student Experience', £250m of which will reportedly be spent on Student Accommodation. Announced so far have been two large On-Campus halls of residences (the first of which, Vine Court, opened September 2012), new Veterinary Science facilities, and a £10m refurbishment of the Liverpool Guild of Students. New Central Teaching Laboratories for physics, earth sciences, chemistry and archaeology were opened in autumn 2012.^[24]

In 2013, the University of Liverpool opened a satellite campus in Finsbury Square in London, offering a range of professionally focused masters programmes.^[25]

Central Teaching Hub

The Central Teaching Hub is a large multi-use building that houses a recently refurbished Lecture Theatre Block (LTB) and teaching facilities (Central Teaching Labs, CTL) for the Departments of Chemistry and Physics and the School of Environmental Sciences, within the university's Central City Centre Campus. It was completed and officially opened in September 2012 with an estimated project cost of £23m.^[26] The main building, the 'Central Teaching Laboratory', is built around a large atrium and houses seven separate laboratories that can accommodate 1,600 students at a time. A flexible teaching space, computing centre, multi-departmental teaching spaces, and communal workspaces can also be found inside. The adjoining University Lecture Block building contains four lecture rooms and further social spaces.^[27]

Sustainability

In 2008, the University of Liverpool was voted joint seventeenth greenest university in Britain by WWF supported company Green League.^[28] This represents an improvement after finishing 55th in the league table the previous year.^[29]

The position of the university is determined by point allocation in departments such as Transport, Waste management, sustainable procurement and Emissions among other categories; these are then transpired into various awards.^[30] Liverpool was awarded the highest achievement possible in Environmental policy, Environmental staff, Environmental audit, Fair trade status, Ethical investment policy and Waste recycled while also scoring points in Carbon emissions, Water recycle and Energy source.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Liverpool was the first among UK universities to develop their desktop computer power management solution, which has been widely adopted by other institutions.^[31] The university has subsequently piloted other advanced software approaches further increasing savings.^[32] The university has also been at the forefront of using the Condor HTC computing platform in a power saving environment. This software, which makes use of unused computer time for computationally intensive tasks usually results in computers being left turned on.^[33] The university has demonstrated an effective solution for this problem using a mixture of Wake-on-LAN and commercial power management software.^[34]

The Interdisciplinary Centre for Sustainability Research (ICSR) was established in 2024 to tackle the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).^[35]

Organisation and structure

File:Reilly Building corner.jpg

Liverpool Guild of Students

The university is a research-based university with 33,000 students pursuing over 450 programmes spanning 54 subject areas. It has a broad range of teaching and research in both arts and sciences, and the University of Liverpool School of Medicine established in 1835 is today one of the largest medical schools in the UK. It also has close links to the neighbouring Royal Liverpool University Hospital.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

The university has a students' union to represent students' interests, known as the Liverpool Guild of Students.^[36]

The university previously had a strategic partnership with Laureate Education, a for-profit college collective, for University of Liverpool online degrees.^[37] In 2019, the university announced a new partnership with Kaplan Open Learning for delivery of their online degrees.^[16]

Senior leadership

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The figurehead of the university is the chancellor. The following have served in that role: Template:Div col

1903–1908: Frederick Arthur Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby
1908–1948: Edward Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby
1948–1950: Oliver Stanley
1951–1971: Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury
1972–1979: Sir Kenneth Clinton Wheare
1980–1993: Philip Lever, 3rd Viscount Leverhulme
1994–1995: Alastair Pilkington
1996–2009: David Owen, Baron Owen
2010–2013: Sir David King
2017–2022: Colm Tóibín
2023–present: Wendy Beetlestone

Template:Div col end

The professional head of the university is the vice-chancellor. The following have served in that role: Template:Div col

1903–1919: A W W Dale
1919–1926: John George Adami
1926–1927: Lionel Wilberforce (acting vice-chancellor)
1927–1936: Hector Hetherington
1936–1937: John Leofric Stocks
1937–1945: Arnold McNair, 1st Baron McNair
1945–1963: Sir James Frederick Mountford
1963–1969: Winston Herbert Frederick Barnes
1969–1976: T C Thomas
1977–1984: R.F. Whelan
1986–1991: Graeme Davies
1992–2002: Philip Love
2002–2008: Sir Drummond Bone
2008–2014: Sir Howard Newby
2015–2022: Dame Janet Beer
2023–present: Tim Jones

Template:Div col end

Faculties

Since 2009, teaching departments of the university have been divided into three faculties: Science and Engineering, Health and Life Sciences and Humanities and Social Sciences. Each faculty is headed by an Executive Pro-Vice-Chancellor, who is responsible for all schools in the faculty.^[38]

Faculty of Health and Life Sciences

School of Dentistry
School of Health Sciences
School of Life Sciences
School of Medicine
School of Psychology
School of Veterinary Science

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

School of the Arts
School of Histories, Languages and Cultures
School of Law and Social Justice
Management School

Faculty of Science and Engineering

School of Engineering
School of Physical Sciences
School of Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Computer Science
School of Environmental Sciences

Finances

In the financial year ending 31 July 2024, the University of Liverpool had a total income of £705.3 million (2022/23 – £673.2 million) and total expenditure of £515.8 million (2022/23 – £662.5 million).^[8] Key sources of income included £367.1 million from tuition fees and education contracts (2022/23 – £342.5 million), £93.4 million from funding body grants (2022/23 – £94.6 million), £123.3 million from research grants and contracts (2022/23 – £118 million) and £22.7 million from endowment and investment income (2022/23 – £15.6 million).^[8]

At year end, Liverpool had endowments of £193.8 million (2023 – £182.7 million) and total net assets of £885.6 million (2023 – £679.8 million). It holds the ninth-largest endowment of any university in the UK.^[8]

Academic profile

Admissions

UCAS Admission Statistics
	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
ApplicationsTemplate:Efn-lg^[39]	43,365	43,975	43,435	42,255	43,365
AcceptedTemplate:Efn-lg^[39]	7,310	6,515	5,910	6,630	6,385
Applications/Accepted RatioTemplate:Efn-lg	5.9	6.7	7.3	6.4	6.8
Offer Rate (%)Template:Efn-lg^[40]	73.2	72.1	69.2	72.3	78.1
Average Entry Tariff^[41]	—	—	150	147	144

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HESA Student Body Composition (2023/24)
Domicile^[42] and Ethnicity^[43]	Total
British White Template:Efn	Template:Bartable
British Ethnic Minorities Template:Efn	Template:Bartable
International EU	Template:Bartable
International Non-EU	Template:Bartable
Undergraduate Widening Participation Indicators^[42]^[44]
Female	Template:Bartable
Independent School	Template:Bartable
Low Participation AreasTemplate:Efn	Template:Bartable

In terms of average UCAS points of entrants, Liverpool ranked 40th in Britain in 2014.^[45] The university gives offers of admission to 83.1% of its applicants, the 7th highest amongst the Russell Group.^[46]

According to the 2017 Times and Sunday Times Good University Guide, approximately 12% of Liverpool's undergraduates come from independent schools.^[47] In the 2016–17 academic year, the university had a domicile breakdown of 72:3:25 of UK:EU:non-EU students respectively with a female to male ratio of 55:45.^[48]

Rankings and reputation

Template:Infobox UK university rankings

File:Liverpool 10 Years.png

University of Liverpool's national league table performance over the past ten years

The university is ranked in the top 1% of universities worldwide according to Academic ranking of world universities and has previously been ranked within the top 150 university globally by the guide.^[49] It is also a founding member of the Russell Group and a founding member of the Northern Consortium.

In the Complete University Guide 2013, published in The Independent, the University of Liverpool was ranked 31st out of 124, based on nine measures,^[50] while The Times Good University Guide 2008 ranked Liverpool 34th out of 113 universities.^[51] The Sunday Times university guide recently ranked the University of Liverpool 27th out of 123.^[52] In 2010, The Sunday Times has ranked University of Liverpool 29th of 122 institutions nationwide. In 2008 the THE-QS World University Rankings rated University of Liverpool 99th best in the world, and 137th best worldwide in 2009. In 2011 the QS World University Rankings^[53] ranked the university in 123rd place, up 14. In the Times Good University Guide 2013, the University of Liverpool was ranked 29th. Liverpool is ranked 122nd in the world (and 15th in the UK) in the 2016 Round University Ranking.^[54]

The 2018 U.S. News & World Report ranks Liverpool 129th in the world.^[55] In 2019, it ranked 178th among the universities around the world by SCImago Institutions Rankings.^[56]

In the 2021 Research Excellence Framework (REF), which assesses the quality of research in UK higher education institutions, Liverpool is ranked joint 25th by GPA (along with Durham University and the University of Nottingham) and 19th for research power (the grade point average score of a university, multiplied by the full-time equivalent number of researchers submitted).^[57] The Research Excellence Framework for 2014 has confirmed the University of Liverpool's reputation for internationally outstanding research. Chemistry, Computer Science, General Engineering, Archaeology, Agriculture, Veterinary & Food Science, Architecture, Clinical Medicine, and English, are ranked in the top 10 in the UK for research excellence rated as 4* (world-leading) or 3* (internationally excellent), and also performed particularly well in terms of the impact of their research.^[58] The Computer Science department was ranked 1st in UK for 4* and 3* research, with 97% of the research being rated as world-leading or internationally excellent – the highest proportion of any computer science department in the UK.^[59] The Chemistry department was also ranked 1st in the UK with 99% of its research rated as 4* world leading or 3* internationally excellent^[60]

Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University

File:XJTLU campus 2013.JPG

North Campus, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University; architects: Perkins&Will

In 2006 the university became the first in the UK to establish an independent university in China, making it the world's first Sino-British university.^[3]^[4]^[5] Resulting from a partnership between the University of Liverpool and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong–Liverpool University is the first Sino-British university between research-led universities, exploring new educational models for China.^[61]

The campus is situated in Suzhou Industrial Park in the eastern part of Suzhou in the province of Jiangsu, 90 km west of Shanghai. It is a science and engineering university with a second focus in English, recognised by the Chinese Ministry of Education as a "not-for-profit" educational institution. The university offers undergraduate degree programmes in the fields of Science, Engineering, and Management. Students are rewarded with a University of Liverpool degree as well as a degree from XJTLU. The teaching language is English.

Bengaluru Campus

Student life

University halls

File:Crown Place, University of Liverpool.png

Crown Place halls of residence.

The university offers a wide selection of accommodation that are on campus as well as student villages off campus. As part of a £660 million investment in campus facilities and student experience, the university has built three new on campus halls, while refurbishing existing accommodation.^[62] The accommodation offered currently by the university for 2025/2026 academic year is listed below:^[63]

On-campus

Crown Place
Philharmonic Court
Vine Court
Dover Court
Tudor Close
Melville Grove

Off-campus

Greenbank Student Village^[64]

Derby
Roscoe
Derby Old Court

In 2018, the university faced strong criticism from the student body that the university provided halls were too expensive, by the Cut the Rent campaign.^[65]

Privately accommodation owned Apollo Court ranked 3rd and Myrtle Court ranked 4th in the UK for value for money on a university review platform StudentCrowd.^[66]

In 2021, "Gladstone Halls" was renamed after leading communist and anti-racist leader Dorothy Kuya.^[67]

Sport

File:SportsCentreLivUni08.jpg

University of Liverpool's Sports Centre

The University of Liverpool has a sporting tradition and has many premier teams in a variety of sports.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The current sporting project comes under the title of Sport Liverpool and offers over 50 different sports ranging from football, rugby, cricket and hockey to others such as windsurfing, lacrosse, and cheerleading.

Many of the sports have both male and female teams and most are involved in competition on a national level.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". BUCS is the body that organises national university competitions involving 154 institutions in 47 sports. Most sports involve travelling to various locations across the country, mainly on Wednesday afternoons.

Two other prominent competitions are the Christie Championships^[68] and the Varsity Cup. The Christie Cup is an inter-university competition between Liverpool, Leeds and Manchester. The Varsity Cup is a popular "derby" event between Liverpool John Moores University and the University of Liverpool.

Notable alumni

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File:Helen Marnie 1.jpg

Helen Marnie, Scottish Ladytron's vocalist

File:Barham Salih conducts a press conference in the Pentagon on Sept. 14, 2006.jpg

Barham Salih, 8th president of Iraq

File:Tung Chee Hwa (Feb 2011).jpg

Tung Chee-hwa, first chief executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

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Nobel Prize winners

File:Prof. Charles Scott Sherrington.jpg

Charles Scott Sherrington

File:Charles Glover Barkla 01.jpg

Charles Glover Barkla

There have been ten Nobel Prize Laureates who have been based at the university during a significant point in their career.^[69]

Sir Ronald Ross (awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1902) for his work with malaria.
Charles Barkla (awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1917) for discovering the electromagnetic properties of X-rays.
Sir Charles Sherrington (awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine in 1932) for his research into neurons.
Sir James Chadwick (awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1935) for discovering neutrons.
Sir Robert Robinson (awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1947) for his research into anthocyanins and alkaloids.
Har Gobind Khorana (awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine in 1968) for his work on the interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis.
Rodney Porter (awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine in 1972) for his discovery of the structure of antibodies.
Ronald Coase (awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1991) for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy.
Joseph Rotblat (awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1995) for his efforts with nuclear disarmament.
Martin Lewis Perl (awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1995) for his discovery of the tau lepton.

Notes

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References

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External links

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University of Liverpool: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 17:30, 19 November 2025

Contents

History

University College Liverpool

University status

Campus and facilities

Central Teaching Hub

Sustainability

Organisation and structure

Senior leadership

Faculties

Finances

Academic profile

Admissions

Rankings and reputation

Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University

Bengaluru Campus

Student life

University halls

Sport

Notable alumni

Nobel Prize winners

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

External links

Navigation menu

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{short description|University in Liverpool, England}}
 {{distinguish|Liverpool John Moores University|Liverpool Hope University}}
-{{Use British English|date=November 2013}}
+{{more citations needed|date=December 2024}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
+{{Use British English|date=November 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
-{{more refs|date=December 2024}}
 {{Infobox university
   | name                   = University of Liverpool
@@ Line 10: / Line 9: @@
   | caption                = Coat of arms
   | latin_name             = Universitas Lyrpulensis<ref>{{Cite book |last=Anderson |first=Peter John |author-link=Peter John Anderson |title=Record of the Celebration of the Quatercentenary of the University of Aberdeen: From 25th to 28th September, 1906 |date=1907 |publisher=Aberdeen University Press ([[University of Aberdeen]]) |isbn=9781363625079 |publication-place=[[Aberdeen]], [[United Kingdom]] |language=en-GB }}</ref>
+ | other_name             = LivUni, UOL
+ | former_name            = University College Liverpool
   | motto                  = {{langx|la|Haec otia studia fovent}}
+ | motto_lang             = la
   | mottoeng               = These days of peace foster learning<ref>{{cite web|title=University Regalia|url=https://www.liv.ac.uk/commsec/calendar/University%20Regalia.pdf|publisher=liv.ac.uk|access-date=26 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016212621/https://www.liv.ac.uk/commsec/calendar/University%20Regalia.pdf|archive-date=16 October 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
   | established            = 1881 – University College Liverpool<ref name="UnivLiverpoolHistory" /><br />1884 – affiliated to the federal [[Victoria University (UK)|Victoria University]]<ref name="opsi.gov.uk">http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/2004/4 University of Manchester Act 2004. legislation.gov.uk (4 July 2011). Retrieved on 14 September 2011.</ref><br />1903 – royal charter
@@ Line 17: / Line 19: @@
   | budget                 = [[Pound sterling|£]]705.3 million (2023/24)<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 23/24"/>
   | city                   = [[Liverpool]]
-  | country                = [[England]]
+  | country                = England, United Kingdom
   | campus                 = Urban
+ | campus_size            = {{convert|100|acre}}
   | coor                   = {{coord|53.406|-2.967|display=title|type:edu_region:GB_scale:4000}}
   | chancellor             = [[Wendy Beetlestone]]
@@ Line 29: / Line 32: @@
   | undergrad              = {{HESA undergraduate population|INSTID=10006842}} ({{HESA year}})<ref name="HESA"/>
   | postgrad               = {{HESA postgraduate population|INSTID=10006842}} ({{HESA year}})<ref name="HESA"/>
-  | colours                = The University<br />
+  | colours                = {{Scarf|{{Cells|5|#000080}}{{Cell|#FFFFFF}}{{Cells|2|#0000FF}}{{Cells|4|#000080}}{{Cells|2|#0000FF}}{{Cell|#FFFFFF}}{{Cells|5|#000080}}}}
-{{Scarf|{{Cells|5|#000080}}{{Cell|#FFFFFF}}{{Cells|2|#0000FF}}{{Cells|4|#000080}}{{Cells|2|#0000FF}}{{Cell|#FFFFFF}}{{Cells|5|#000080}}}}
   | affiliations           = {{hlist|[[AACSB]]|[[Association of MBAs|AMBA]]|[[EQUIS]]|[[European University Association|EUA]]|[[N8 Group]]|[[Russell Group]]|[[University Alliance of the Silk Road|UASR]]|[[Universities Research Association|URA]]|[[Universities UK]]}}
   | website                = {{official URL}}
@@ Line 36: / Line 38: @@
 }}
-The '''University of Liverpool''' (abbreviated '''UOL''') is a [[Public university|public]] [[research university]] in [[Liverpool]], England. Founded in 1881 as University College Liverpool, [[Victoria University (United Kingdom)|Victoria University]], it received [[Royal Charter]] by [[Edward VII|King Edward VII]] in 1903 attaining the decree to award degrees independently. The university withholds and operates assets on the [[National Heritage List for England|National Heritage List]], such as the [[Liverpool Royal Infirmary]] (origins in 1749), the [[Ness Botanic Gardens]], and the [[Victoria Gallery & Museum]].
+The '''University of Liverpool''' (abbreviated '''UOL''') is a [[Public university|public]] [[research university]] in [[Liverpool]], England, United Kingdom. Founded in 1881 as University College Liverpool and affiliated with [[Victoria University (United Kingdom)|Victoria University]] in 1884, it received a [[royal charter]] from [[Edward VII|King Edward VII]] in 1903, thereby attaining the authority to award degrees independently. The university holds and operates assets on the [[National Heritage List for England|National Heritage List]], such as the [[Liverpool Royal Infirmary]] (origins in 1749), the [[Ness Botanic Gardens]], and the [[Victoria Gallery & Museum]].
-Organised into three faculties divided by 35 schools and departments, the university offers more than 230 first degree courses across 103 subjects. It is a founding member of the [[Russell Group]], and the research intensive association of universities in [[Northern England]], the [[N8 Group]]. The phrase ''"redbrick university"''  was inspired by the [[Victoria Building, University of Liverpool|Victoria Building]], thus, the university is recognised{{by whom|date=May 2025}} as the original [[Red brick university|redbrick university]].{{fact|date=December 2024}}
+Organised into three faculties divided by 35 schools and departments, the university offers more than 230 first degree courses across 103 subjects. It is a founding member of the [[Russell Group]], and the research intensive association of universities in [[Northern England]], the [[N8 Group]]. The phrase ''"redbrick university"'' was inspired by the [[Victoria Building, University of Liverpool|Victoria Building]]; thus, the university claims to be the original [[Red brick university|redbrick university]], using the phrase in its brand tag line.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our reputation - Working at Liverpool - University of Liverpool |url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/working/whyworkhere/reputation/ |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=www.liverpool.ac.uk}}</ref>
-Liverpool was the first UK university to establish departments in [[oceanography]], [[Master of Civic Design|civic design]], [[architecture]], and [[biochemistry]] (at the [[Johnston Laboratories]]), and also the first to establish an independent university campus in China, known as [[Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-08-18 |title=Facts and figures: Our courses – University of Liverpool |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/facts_and_figs/courses.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818074933/http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/facts_and_figs/courses.htm |archive-date=2007-08-18 |access-date=2022-10-21}}</ref><ref name="russellgroup1">{{cite web |url=http://www.russellgroup.ac.uk/our-universities/3779-university-of-liverpool/ |title=Our Universities – University of Liverpool |publisher=Russell Group |access-date=19 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801202347/http://www.russellgroup.ac.uk/our-universities/3779-university-of-liverpool |archive-date=1 August 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="autogeneratedliv">{{cite web |url=https://news.liv.ac.uk/ |title=University of Liverpool – News |publisher=News.liv.ac.uk}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">[[Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University#cite note-0]]</ref> The university has the [[List of UK universities by endowment|ninth-largest endowment]] of any university in the UK and in 2023/24, it had an income of £705.3 million, of which £123.3 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £515.8 million.<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 23/24"/>
+Liverpool is the first UK university to establish departments in [[oceanography]], [[Master of Civic Design|civic design]], [[architecture]], and [[biochemistry]] (at the [[Johnston Laboratories]]), and also the first to establish an independent university campus in  [[Suzhou]], China, known as [[Xi'an Jiaotong–Liverpool University]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-08-18 |title=Facts and figures: Our courses – University of Liverpool |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/facts_and_figs/courses.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818074933/http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/facts_and_figs/courses.htm |archive-date=2007-08-18 |access-date=2022-10-21}}</ref><ref name="russellgroup1">{{cite web |url=http://www.russellgroup.ac.uk/our-universities/3779-university-of-liverpool/ |title=Our Universities – University of Liverpool |publisher=Russell Group |access-date=19 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801202347/http://www.russellgroup.ac.uk/our-universities/3779-university-of-liverpool |archive-date=1 August 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="autogeneratedliv">{{cite web |url=https://news.liv.ac.uk/ |title=University of Liverpool – News |publisher=News.liv.ac.uk}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">[[Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University#cite note-0]]</ref> The university also founded the [[University of Liverpool Mathematics School]], a specialist A-level maths school, located on the university campus.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mathematics School The University of Liverpool Mathematics School- Mathematics School - University of Liverpool |url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/mathematics-school/ |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=www.liverpool.ac.uk}}</ref> The university launched a second international campus in [[Bengaluru]], India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Liverpool India Campus {{!}} UK Degree {{!}} Admissions Open for 2026 |url=https://www.bengaluru.liverpool.ac.uk/ |access-date=2025-11-16 |website=University of Liverpool |language=en-US}}</ref> The university has the [[List of UK universities by endowment|ninth-largest endowment]] of any university in the UK, and in 2023/24, it had an income of £705.3 million, of which £123.3 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £515.8 million.<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 23/24"/>
-As of 2024, the university holds four academic fellows of the [[Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences|Academy of Social Sciences]] and one of the [[British Academy]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Liverpool |first1=University of |title=Professor Sara Cohen elected British Academy Fellow |url=https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2024/07/18/professor-sara-cohen-elected-british-academy-fellow/ |website=News Liverpool |date=18 July 2024 |publisher=University of Liverpool |access-date=19 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Liverpool |first1=University of |title=Four Liverpool academics named Fellows of the Academy of the Social Sciences |url=https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2024/09/09/four-liverpool-academics-named-fellows-of-the-academy-of-the-social-sciences/ |website=News Liverpool |date=9 September 2024 |publisher=University of Liverpool |access-date=19 November 2024}}</ref> Ten [[List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation|Nobel prize laureates]] have been affiliated with Liverpool as alumni or academic staff, with notable alumni leading fields in medicine, law, business, engineering, arts, politics, and technology. Graduates of the university are styled with the [[post-nominal letters]], ''Lpool'', to indicate the institution.
+As of 2024, the university holds four academic fellows of the [[Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences|Academy of Social Sciences]] and one of the [[British Academy]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Liverpool |first1=University of |title=Professor Sara Cohen elected British Academy Fellow |url=https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2024/07/18/professor-sara-cohen-elected-british-academy-fellow/ |website=News Liverpool |date=18 July 2024 |publisher=University of Liverpool |access-date=19 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Liverpool |first1=University of |title=Four Liverpool academics named Fellows of the Academy of the Social Sciences |url=https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2024/09/09/four-liverpool-academics-named-fellows-of-the-academy-of-the-social-sciences/ |website=News Liverpool |date=9 September 2024 |publisher=University of Liverpool |access-date=19 November 2024}}</ref> Ten [[List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation|Nobel Prize laureates]] have been affiliated with the University of Liverpool as alumni or academic staff, with notable alumni leading fields in medicine, law, business, engineering, the arts, politics, and technology. Graduates of the university are styled with the [[post-nominal letters]], ''Lpool'', to indicate the institution.
 ==History==
@@ Line 51: / Line 53: @@
 [[File:Victoria Building, University of Liverpool 2019.jpg|thumb|left|The centrepiece of the university estate, the [[Victoria Building, University of Liverpool|Victoria Building]], opened in 1892 as the first purpose built facility for the university. The building was the inspiration for the term "red brick university" which was coined by [[Edgar Allison Peers]].]]
 [[File:Quadrangle, University of Liverpool (2).jpg|thumb|left|The Quadrangle, University of Liverpool]]
-Following a [[royal charter]] and [[act of Parliament]] in 1903, it became an independent university (the University of Liverpool) with the right to confer its own degrees. The next few years saw major developments at the university, including Sir [[Charles Sherrington]]'s discovery of the [[synapse]] and William Blair-Bell's work on [[chemotherapy]] in the treatment of cancer. In the 1930s to 1940s Sir [[James Chadwick]] and Sir [[Joseph Rotblat]] made major contributions to the development of the [[atomic bomb]].<ref name=history.htm/> From 1943 to 1966 [[Allan Watt Downie|Allan Downie]], Professor of Bacteriology, was involved in the eradication of [[smallpox]].
+Following a [[royal charter]] and an [[act of Parliament]] in 1903, it became an independent university (the University of Liverpool) with the right to confer its degrees. The next few years saw major developments at the university, including Sir [[Charles Scott Sherrington|Charles Sherrington]]'s discovery of the [[synapse]] and William Blair-Bell's work on [[chemotherapy]] in the treatment of cancer. In the 1930s to 1940s, Sir [[James Chadwick]] and Sir [[Joseph Rotblat]] made major contributions to the development of the [[atomic bomb]].<ref name=history.htm/> From 1943 to 1966, [[Allan Watt Downie|Allan Downie]], Professor of Bacteriology, was involved in the eradication of [[smallpox]].
 In 1994, the university was a founding member of the [[Russell Group]], a collaboration of twenty leading research-intensive universities, as well as a founding member of the [[N8 Group]] in 2004. In the 21st century physicists, engineers and technicians from the University of Liverpool were involved in the construction of the [[Large Hadron Collider]] at [[CERN]], working on two of the four detectors in the LHC.<ref>[http://www.liv.ac.uk/news/press_releases/2008/09/CERN.htm Accessed 12 May 2009]. Liverpool University. Retrieved on 14 September 2011.{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913004239/http://www.liv.ac.uk/news/press_releases/2008/09/CERN.htm |date=13 September 2008}}</ref>
-In 2004, Sylvan Learning, later known as Laureate International Universities, became the worldwide partner for University of Liverpool online.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uol.ohecampus.com/laureate/upload/file/PDF/press_releases_7_name_change.pdf|title=Laureate Online Education and K.I.T. eLearning B.V., the eLearning partner of the University of Liverpool, announce name change.}}</ref> In 2019, it was announced that Kaplan Open Learning, part of [[Kaplan, Inc]], would be the new partner for the University of Liverpool's online programmes.<ref name="news.liverpool.ac.uk"/> Laureate continued to provide some teaching provision for existing students until 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/aqsd/collaborative-provision/laureate/|title=Laureate Online Education|access-date=11 November 2019|archive-date=30 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130125636/https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/aqsd/collaborative-provision/laureate/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
+In 2004, Sylvan Learning, later known as Laureate International Universities, became the worldwide partner for University of Liverpool online.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uol.ohecampus.com/laureate/upload/file/PDF/press_releases_7_name_change.pdf|title=Laureate Online Education and K.I.T. eLearning B.V., the eLearning partner of the University of Liverpool, announce name change.|access-date=24 August 2016|archive-date=17 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917102852/http://www.uol.ohecampus.com/laureate/upload/file/PDF/press_releases_7_name_change.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2019, it was announced that Kaplan Open Learning, part of [[Kaplan, Inc.]], would be the new partner for the University of Liverpool's online programmes.<ref name="news.liverpool.ac.uk"/> Laureate continued to provide some teaching provision for existing students until 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/aqsd/collaborative-provision/laureate/|title=Laureate Online Education|access-date=11 November 2019|archive-date=30 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130125636/https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/aqsd/collaborative-provision/laureate/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
-The university has produced ten Nobel Prize winners, from the fields of science, medicine, economics and [[peace]]. The Nobel laureates include the physician [[Sir Ronald Ross]], physicist [[Charles Barkla]], physicist [[Martin Lewis Perl]], the physiologist [[Sir Charles Sherrington]], physicist [[Sir James Chadwick]], chemist [[Robert Robinson (organic chemist)|Sir Robert Robinson]], chemist [[Har Gobind Khorana]], physiologist [[Rodney Porter]], economist [[Ronald Coase]] and physicist [[Joseph Rotblat]]. [[Sir Ronald Ross]] was also the first British Nobel laureate in 1902. The university is also associated with [[Ronald Finn]] and Sir [[Cyril Clarke]] who jointly won the [[Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award|Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award]] in 1980 and Sir [[David Weatherall]] who won the [[Lasker-Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science]] in 2010. These [[Lasker Award]]s are popularly known as America's [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/|title=Awards {{!}} The Lasker Foundation|website=The Lasker Foundation|access-date=29 September 2016}}</ref>
+The university has produced ten Nobel Prize winners, from the fields of science, medicine, economics and [[peace]]. The Nobel laureates include the physician [[Ronald Ross|Sir Ronald Ross]], physicist [[Charles Barkla]], physicist [[Martin Lewis Perl]], the physiologist [[Charles Scott Sherrington|Sir Charles Sherrington]], physicist [[Sir James Chadwick]], chemist [[Robert Robinson (chemist)|Sir Robert Robinson]], chemist [[Har Gobind Khorana]], physiologist [[Rodney Porter]], economist [[Ronald Coase]] and physicist [[Joseph Rotblat]]. Sir Ronald Ross was also the first British Nobel laureate in 1902. The university is also associated with [[Ronald Finn]] and Sir [[Cyril Clarke]] who jointly won the [[Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award|Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award]] in 1980 and Sir [[David Weatherall]] who won the [[Lasker-Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science]] in 2010. These [[Lasker Award]]s are popularly known as America's [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/|title=Awards {{!}} The Lasker Foundation|website=The Lasker Foundation|access-date=29 September 2016}}</ref>
 Over the 2013/2014 academic year, members of staff took part in numerous strikes after staff were offered a pay rise of 1% which [[Trade union|unions]] equated to a 13% pay cut since 2008. The strikes were supported by both the university's Guild of Students and the [[National Union of Students (United Kingdom)|National Union of Students]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Akkoc |first=Raziye |title=Liverpool students hit by second lecturers pay strike |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/liverpool-students-hit-second-lecturers-6364894 |work=Liverpool Echo |date=3 December 2013 |access-date=28 February 2014}}</ref> Some students at the university supported the strike, occupying buildings on campus.<ref>{{cite news |last=Trew |first=Alannah |title=Liverpool students occupy campus buildings in solidarity with staff strikes |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/student/news/liverpool-students-occupy-campus-buildings-in-solidarity-with-staff-strikes-8983401.html |work=The Independent |date=4 December 2013 |access-date=28 February 2014}}</ref>
@@ Line 65: / Line 67: @@
 [[File:Yoko Ono Lennon Centre, University of Liverpool.jpg|thumb|The [[Yoko Ono Lennon Centre]], opened in 2022.]]
 [[File:Abercromby Square, Liverpool.jpg|thumb|Abercromby Square, home to numerous university departments.]]
-The university is mainly based around a single urban campus approximately five minutes walk from Liverpool City Centre, at the top of Brownlow Hill and Mount Pleasant. Occupying 100 acres, it contains 192 non-residential buildings that house 69 lecture theatres, 114 teaching areas, and research facilities.{{fact|date=December 2024}}
+The university is mainly based around a single urban campus approximately five minutes walk from Liverpool City Centre, at the top of Brownlow Hill and Mount Pleasant. Occupying 100 acres, it contains 192 non-residential buildings that house 69 lecture theatres, 114 teaching areas, and research facilities.{{citation needed|date=December 2024}}
-The main site is divided into three faculties: Health and Life Sciences; Humanities and Social Sciences; and Science and Engineering. The Veterinary Teaching Hospital (Leahurst) and Ness Botanical Gardens are based on the [[Wirral Peninsula]]. There was formerly a marine biology research station at [[Port Erin]] on the [[Isle of Man]] until it closed in 2006.{{fact|date=December 2024}}
+The main site is divided into three faculties: Health and Life Sciences; Humanities and Social Sciences; and Science and Engineering. The Veterinary Teaching Hospital (Leahurst) and Ness Botanical Gardens are based on the [[Wirral Peninsula]]. There was formerly a marine biology research station at [[Port Erin]] on the [[Isle of Man]] until it closed in 2006.{{citation needed|date=December 2024}}
-Fifty-one residential buildings, on or near the campus, provide 3,385 rooms for students, on a catered or self-catering basis. The centrepiece of the campus remains the university's original red brick building, the Victoria Building. Opened in 1892, it has recently been restored as the Victoria Gallery and Museum, complete with cafe and activities for school visits.{{fact|date=December 2024}}
+Fifty-one residential buildings, on or near the campus, provide 3,385 rooms for students, on a catered or self-catered basis. The centrepiece of the campus remains the university's original red brick building, the Victoria Building. Opened in 1892, it was restored in 2008 as the Victoria Gallery and Museum,<ref>{{Cite web |last=BBC |title=BBC - Liverpool - Places - Victoria Gallery and Museum |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/image_galleries/victoriamuseum_gallery.shtml |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=www.bbc.co.uk |language=en-gb}}</ref> completed with a [[Coffeehouse|café]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Waterhouse Café - Victoria Gallery & Museum - University of Liverpool |url=https://vgm.liverpool.ac.uk/your-visit/cafe/ |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=vgm.liverpool.ac.uk}}</ref> and activities for school visits.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Learning - Victoria Gallery & Museum - University of Liverpool |url=https://vgm.liverpool.ac.uk/learning/ |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=vgm.liverpool.ac.uk}}</ref>
 In 2011 the university made a commitment to invest £660m into the 'Student Experience', £250m of which will reportedly be spent on Student Accommodation. Announced so far have been two large On-Campus halls of residences (the first of which, Vine Court, opened September 2012), new Veterinary Science facilities, and a £10m refurbishment of the [[Liverpool Guild of Students]]. New Central Teaching Laboratories for physics, earth sciences, chemistry and archaeology were opened in autumn 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.liv.ac.uk/2012/10/24/gallery-nobel-prize-winner-sir-paul-nurse-opens-ctl/|title=GALLERY – Nobel Prize winner, Sir Paul Nurse opens CTL – University of Liverpool News – University of Liverpool|date=24 October 2012 |access-date=31 May 2015}}</ref>
-In 2013, the University of Liverpool opened a satellite campus in [[Finsbury Square]] in [[London]], offering a range of professionally focussed masters programmes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/london/|title=University of Liverpool in London – University of Liverpool|website=www.liverpool.ac.uk|access-date=17 April 2020}}</ref>
+In 2013, the University of Liverpool opened a satellite campus in [[Finsbury Square]] in [[London]], offering a range of professionally focused masters programmes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/london/|title=University of Liverpool in London – University of Liverpool|website=www.liverpool.ac.uk|access-date=17 April 2020}}</ref>
 ===Central Teaching Hub===
@@ Line 79: / Line 81: @@
 ===Sustainability===
-In 2008, the University of Liverpool was voted joint seventeenth greenest university in Britain by [[WWF (conservation organization)|WWF]] supported company Green League.<ref>[http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2008 People & Planet – The Green League 2008] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150728035656/http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2008 |date=28 July 2015 }}. Peopleandplanet.org. Retrieved on 14 September 2011.</ref> This represents an improvement after finishing 55th in the league table the previous year.<ref>[http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2007/table People & Planet – People & Planet Green League 2007] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710135819/http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2007/table |date=10 July 2007 }}. Peopleandplanet.org. Retrieved on 14 September 2011.</ref>
+In 2008, the University of Liverpool was voted joint seventeenth greenest university in Britain by [[World Wide Fund for Nature|WWF]] supported company Green League.<ref>[http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2008 People & Planet – The Green League 2008] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150728035656/http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2008 |date=28 July 2015 }}. Peopleandplanet.org. Retrieved on 14 September 2011.</ref> This represents an improvement after finishing 55th in the league table the previous year.<ref>[http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2007/table People & Planet – People & Planet Green League 2007] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710135819/http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2007/table |date=10 July 2007 }}. Peopleandplanet.org. Retrieved on 14 September 2011.</ref>
 The position of the university is determined by point allocation in departments such as Transport, Waste management, [[sustainable procurement]] and Emissions among other categories; these are then transpired into various awards.<ref>[http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2008/methodology People & Planet – The Green League 2008: Methodology] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012082038/http://peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2008/methodology |date=12 October 2008 }}. Peopleandplanet.org. Retrieved on 14 September 2011.</ref> Liverpool was awarded the highest achievement possible in Environmental policy, Environmental staff, Environmental audit, Fair trade status, Ethical investment policy and Waste recycled while also scoring points in Carbon emissions, Water recycle and Energy source.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}}
@@ Line 88: / Line 90: @@
 ==Organisation and structure==
-[[File:Reilly Building corner.jpg|thumb|[[University of Liverpool Guild of Students|Liverpool Guild of Students]]]]
+[[File:Reilly Building corner.jpg|thumb|[[Liverpool Guild of Students]]]]
-The university is a research-based university with 33,000 students pursuing over 450 programmes spanning 54 subject areas. It has a broad range of teaching and research in both arts and sciences, and the [[University of Liverpool School of Medicine]] established in 1835 is today one of the largest medical schools in the UK. It also has close links to the neighbouring [[Royal Liverpool University Hospital]].{{fact|date=December 2024}}
+The university is a research-based university with 33,000 students pursuing over 450 programmes spanning 54 subject areas. It has a broad range of teaching and research in both arts and sciences, and the [[University of Liverpool School of Medicine]] established in 1835 is today one of the largest medical schools in the UK. It also has close links to the neighbouring [[Royal Liverpool University Hospital]].{{citation needed|date=December 2024}}
-The university has a [[students' union]] to represent students' interests, known as the [[University of Liverpool Guild of Students|Liverpool Guild of Students]].{{fact|date=December 2024}}
+The university has a [[students' union]] to represent students' interests, known as the [[Liverpool Guild of Students]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Liverpool Guild of Students {{!}} Liverpool Guild of Students (The Guild) {{!}} Undergraduate {{!}} University of Liverpool |url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/undergraduate/life-at-liverpool/campus/lgos/ |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=www.liverpool.ac.uk}}</ref>
-The university previously had a strategic partnership with [[Laureate International Universities]], a [[for-profit college]] collective, for University of Liverpool online degrees.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.laureate.net/OurNetwork/Europe/UnitedKingdom/LaureateOnlineEducationBVUniversityofLiverpool#t1|title=University of Liverpool Online Programs (in partnership with Laureate Online Education)|website=www.laureate.net|access-date=29 September 2016|archive-date=14 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414195858/https://www.laureate.net/OurNetwork/Europe/UnitedKingdom/LaureateOnlineEducationBVUniversityofLiverpool#t1|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2019, the university announced a new partnership with Kaplan Open Learning for delivery of their online degrees.<ref name="news.liverpool.ac.uk">{{Cite web|url=https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2019/05/13/new-partner-announced-for-universitys-online-learning-provision/|title=New partner announced for University's online learning provision|website=news.liverpool.ac.uk|date=13 May 2019|access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref>
+The university previously had a strategic partnership with [[Laureate Education]], a [[for-profit college]] collective, for University of Liverpool online degrees.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.laureate.net/OurNetwork/Europe/UnitedKingdom/LaureateOnlineEducationBVUniversityofLiverpool#t1|title=University of Liverpool Online Programs (in partnership with Laureate Online Education)|website=www.laureate.net|access-date=29 September 2016|archive-date=14 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414195858/https://www.laureate.net/OurNetwork/Europe/UnitedKingdom/LaureateOnlineEducationBVUniversityofLiverpool#t1|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2019, the university announced a new partnership with Kaplan Open Learning for delivery of their online degrees.<ref name="news.liverpool.ac.uk">{{Cite web|url=https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2019/05/13/new-partner-announced-for-universitys-online-learning-provision/|title=New partner announced for University's online learning provision|website=news.liverpool.ac.uk|date=13 May 2019|access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref>
 ===Senior leadership===
@@ Line 99: / Line 101: @@
 The figurehead of the university is the [[Chancellor (education)|chancellor]]. The following have served in that role:
 {{div col}}
-* 1903-1908: [[Frederick Arthur Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby]]
+* 1903–1908: [[Frederick Arthur Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby]]
-* 1908-1948: [[Edward Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby]]
+* 1908–1948: [[Edward Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby]]
-* 1948-1950: [[Oliver Stanley]]
+* 1948–1950: [[Oliver Stanley]]
-* 1951-1971: [[Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury]]
+* 1951–1971: [[Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury]]
-* 1972-1979: [[Kenneth Wheare|Sir Kenneth Clinton Wheare]]
+* 1972–1979: [[Kenneth Wheare|Sir Kenneth Clinton Wheare]]
-* 1980-1993: [[Philip Lever, 3rd Viscount Leverhulme]]
+* 1980–1993: [[Philip Lever, 3rd Viscount Leverhulme]]
-* 1994-1995: [[Alastair Pilkington]]
+* 1994–1995: [[Alastair Pilkington]]
 * 1996–2009: [[David Owen, Baron Owen]]
 * 2010–2013: [[Sir David King]]
@@ Line 114: / Line 116: @@
 The professional head of the university is the [[vice-chancellor]]. The following have served in that role:
 {{div col}}
-* 1903-1919: A W W Dale
+* 1903–1919: A W W Dale
 * 1919–1926: [[John George Adami]]
-* 1926-1927: [[Lionel Wilberforce]] (acting vice-chancellor)
+* 1926–1927: [[Lionel Wilberforce]] (acting vice-chancellor)
 * 1927–1936: [[Hector Hetherington]]
 * 1936–1937: [[John Leofric Stocks]]
-* 1937-1945: [[Arnold McNair, 1st Baron McNair]]
+* 1937–1945: [[Arnold McNair, 1st Baron McNair]]
-* 1945-1963: Sir James Frederick Mountford
+* 1945–1963: Sir James Frederick Mountford
-* 1963-1969: Winston Herbert Frederick Barnes
+* 1963–1969: Winston Herbert Frederick Barnes
-* 1969-1976: T C Thomas
+* 1969–1976: T C Thomas
-* 1977-1984: R.F. Whelan
+* 1977–1984: R.F. Whelan
 * 1986–1991: [[Graeme Davies]]
-* 1992-2002: Philip Love
+* 1992–2002: Philip Love
 * 2002–2008: [[Sir Drummond Bone]]
 * 2008–2014: [[Sir Howard Newby]]
@@ Line 133: / Line 135: @@
 ===Faculties===
-Since 2009, teaching departments of the university have been divided into three faculties: Science and Engineering, Health and Life Sciences, and Humanities and Social Sciences. Each faculty is headed by an Executive Pro-Vice-Chancellor, who is responsible for all schools in the faculty.<ref name=about>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/ |access-date=25 September 2009 |title=About the University |publisher=Liverpool University}}</ref>
+Since 2009, teaching departments of the university have been divided into three faculties: Science and Engineering, Health and Life Sciences and Humanities and Social Sciences. Each faculty is headed by an Executive Pro-Vice-Chancellor, who is responsible for all schools in the faculty.<ref name=about>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/ |access-date=25 September 2009 |title=About the University |publisher=Liverpool University}}</ref>
 {{col-begin}}
 {{col-3}}
-'''Faculty of Health & Life Sciences'''
+'''Faculty of Health and Life Sciences'''
 *[[University of Liverpool School of Dentistry|School of Dentistry]]
 *School of Health Sciences
@@ Line 145: / Line 147: @@
 {{col-3}}
-'''Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences'''
+'''Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences'''
 *School of the Arts
-*School of Histories, Languages & Cultures
+*School of Histories, Languages and Cultures
-*School of Law & Social Justice
+*School of Law and Social Justice
 *Management School
 {{col-3}}
-'''Faculty of Science & Engineering'''
+'''Faculty of Science and Engineering'''
 *School of Engineering
 *School of Physical Sciences
@@ Line 160: / Line 162: @@
 ===Finances===
-In the financial year ending 31 July 2024, the University of Liverpool had a total income of £705.3&nbsp;million (2022/23 – £673.2&nbsp;million) and total expenditure of £515.8&nbsp;million (2022/23 – £662.5&nbsp;million).<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 23/24"/> Key sources of income included £367.1&nbsp;million from tuition fees and education contracts (2022/23 – £342.5&nbsp;million), £93.4&nbsp;million from funding body grants (2022/23 – £94.6&nbsp;million), £123.3&nbsp;million from research grants and contracts (2022/23 – £118&nbsp;million) and £22.7&nbsp;million from endowment and investment income (2022/23 – £15.6&nbsp;million).<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 23/24"/>
+In the financial year ending 31 July 2024, the University of Liverpool had a total income of £705.3 million (2022/23 – £673.2 million) and total expenditure of £515.8 million (2022/23 – £662.5 million).<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 23/24"/> Key sources of income included £367.1 million from tuition fees and education contracts (2022/23 – £342.5 million), £93.4 million from funding body grants (2022/23 – £94.6 million), £123.3 million from research grants and contracts (2022/23 – £118 million) and £22.7 million from endowment and investment income (2022/23 – £15.6 million).<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 23/24"/>
-At year end, Liverpool had endowments of £193.8&nbsp;million (2023 – £182.7&nbsp;million) and total net assets of £885.6&nbsp;million (2023 – £679.8&nbsp;million). It holds the [[List of UK universities by endowment|ninth-largest endowment]] of any university in the UK.<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 23/24"/>
+At year end, Liverpool had endowments of £193.8 million (2023 – £182.7 million) and total net assets of £885.6 million (2023 – £679.8 million). It holds the [[List of UK universities by endowment|ninth-largest endowment]] of any university in the UK.<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 23/24"/>
 ==Academic profile==
@@ Line 257: / Line 259: @@
 | ARWU_W =101–150
 | QS_N = 27
-| QS_W = 147=
+| QS_W = =147
 | THE_N =23
-| THE_W = 160=
+| THE_W = 143
 | HRLR_E =
 | LEIDEN_W = 94
 | LINE_1 = 0
 | Complete = 23
-| The_Guardian = 27
+| The_Guardian = 22
-| Times/Sunday_Times = 23
+| Times/Sunday_Times = 18
 | LINE_2 = 0
 | TEF = Silver
@@ Line 272: / Line 274: @@
 The university is ranked in the top 1% of universities worldwide according to [[Academic ranking of world universities]] and has previously been ranked within the top 150 university globally by the guide.<ref name="shanghairanking">{{cite web|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/Institution.jsp?param=University%20of%20Liverpool |title=University of Liverpool |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516141502/http://www.shanghairanking.com/Institution.jsp?param=University%20of%20Liverpool |archive-date=16 May 2013 }}</ref> It is also a founding member of the Russell Group and a founding member of the [[NCUK|Northern Consortium]].
-In the Complete University Guide 2013, published in ''[[The Independent]]'', the University of Liverpool was ranked 31st out of 124, based on nine measures,<ref>The Independent newspaper, 24 April 2008</ref> while ''[[The Times]]'' Good University Guide 2008 ranked Liverpool 34th out of 113 universities.<ref>The Times: [https://archive.today/20071103154551/http://extras.timesonline.co.uk/gug/gooduniversityguide.php]</ref> ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' university guide recently ranked the University of Liverpool 27th out of 123.<ref>The Times: [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011000203/http://extras.timesonline.co.uk/stug/universityguide.php]. 23 May 2008</ref> In 2010, ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' has ranked University of Liverpool 29th of 122 institutions nationwide. In 2008 the [[THE-QS World University Rankings]] rated University of Liverpool 99th best in the world, and 137th best worldwide in 2009. In 2011 the [[QS World University Rankings]]<ref name="topuniversities.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2011?page=2 |title=topuniversities.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121227083349/http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2011?page=2 |archive-date=27 December 2012  }}</ref> ranked the university in 123rd place, up 14. In the Times Good University Guide 2013, the University of Liverpool was ranked 29th. Liverpool is ranked 122nd in the world (and 15th in the UK) in the 2016 ''[[Round University Ranking]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://roundranking.com/ranking.html|title=Round University Rankings 2016|publisher=RUR Rankings Agency|access-date=22 September 2016}}</ref>
+In the Complete University Guide 2013, published in ''[[The Independent]]'', the University of Liverpool was ranked 31st out of 124, based on nine measures,<ref>The Independent newspaper, 24 April 2008</ref> while ''[[The Times]]'' Good University Guide 2008 ranked Liverpool 34th out of 113 universities.<ref>[https://archive.today/20071103154551/http://extras.timesonline.co.uk/gug/gooduniversityguide.php The Times]</ref> ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' university guide recently ranked the University of Liverpool 27th out of 123.<ref>The Times: [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011000203/http://extras.timesonline.co.uk/stug/universityguide.php]. 23 May 2008</ref> In 2010, ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' has ranked University of Liverpool 29th of 122 institutions nationwide. In 2008 the [[THE-QS World University Rankings]] rated University of Liverpool 99th best in the world, and 137th best worldwide in 2009. In 2011 the [[QS World University Rankings]]<ref name="topuniversities.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2011?page=2 |title=topuniversities.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121227083349/http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2011?page=2 |archive-date=27 December 2012  }}</ref> ranked the university in 123rd place, up 14. In the Times Good University Guide 2013, the University of Liverpool was ranked 29th. Liverpool is ranked 122nd in the world (and 15th in the UK) in the 2016 ''[[Round University Ranking]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://roundranking.com/ranking.html|title=Round University Rankings 2016|publisher=RUR Rankings Agency|access-date=22 September 2016}}</ref>
-The 2018 ''U.S. News & World Report'' ranks Liverpool 129th in the world.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/rankings?page=14 |title=U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Rankings 2018 |magazine=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref> In 2019, it ranked 178th among the universities around the world by ''[[SCImago Institutions Rankings]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scimagoir.com/rankings.php?sector=Higher%20educ.&country=all|title=SCImago Institutions Rankings – Higher Education – All Regions and Countries – 2019 – Overall Rank|website=www.scimagoir.com}}</ref>
+The 2018 U.S. News & World Report ranks Liverpool 129th in the world.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/rankings?page=14 |title=U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Rankings 2018 |magazine=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref> In 2019, it ranked 178th among the universities around the world by ''[[SCImago Institutions Rankings]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scimagoir.com/rankings.php?sector=Higher%20educ.&country=all|title=SCImago Institutions Rankings – Higher Education – All Regions and Countries – 2019 – Overall Rank|website=www.scimagoir.com}}</ref>
 In the 2021 [[Research Excellence Framework]] (REF), which assesses the quality of research in UK higher education institutions, Liverpool is ranked joint 25th by GPA (along with [[Durham University]] and the [[University of Nottingham]]) and 19th for research power (the grade point average score of a university, multiplied by the full-time equivalent number of researchers submitted).<ref>{{cite web |title=REF 2021: Quality ratings hit new high in expanded assessment |date=12 May 2022 |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/ref-2021-research-excellence-framework-results-announced |publisher=Times Higher Education |access-date=18 February 2023}}</ref> The ''[[Research Excellence Framework]]'' for 2014 has confirmed the University of Liverpool's reputation for internationally outstanding research. Chemistry, Computer Science, General Engineering, Archaeology, Agriculture, Veterinary & Food Science, Architecture, Clinical Medicine, and English, are ranked in the top 10 in the UK for research excellence rated as 4* (world-leading) or 3* (internationally excellent), and also performed particularly well in terms of the impact of their research.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://news.liv.ac.uk/2014/12/18/liverpool-research-ranked-uk-top-10-2/ | title = Liverpool research ranked in UK top 10 | date = 18 December 2014 | access-date = 25 December 2014}}</ref> The Computer Science department was ranked 1st in UK for 4* and 3* research, with 97% of the research being rated as world-leading or internationally excellent – the highest proportion of any computer science department in the UK.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.liv.ac.uk/computer-science/ref-2014/ | title = REF 2014 Computer Science | access-date = 25 December 2014}}</ref> The Chemistry department was also ranked 1st in the UK with 99% of its research rated as 4* world leading or 3* internationally excellent<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/chemistry/REF-2014/|title=REF 2014 University of Liverpool Chemistry REF results 2014– Chemistry – University of Liverpool|access-date=31 May 2015}}</ref>
 ===Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University===
-[[File:XJTLU campus 2013.JPG|thumb|North Campus, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University; architects: [[Perkins and Will|Perkins+Will]]]]
+[[File:XJTLU campus 2013.JPG|thumb|North Campus, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University; architects: [[Perkins&Will]]]]
-In 2006 the university became the first in the UK to establish an independent university in China, making it the world's first Sino-British university.<ref name="russellgroup1"/><ref name="autogeneratedliv"/><ref name="autogenerated1"/> Resulting from a partnership between the University of Liverpool and [[Xi'an Jiaotong University]], [[Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University]] is the first Sino-British university between research-led universities, exploring new educational models for China.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.xjtlu.edu.cn/en/media-report/1732-xian-jiaotong-liverpool-university-exploring-a-new-education-model.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109084819/http://news.xjtlu.edu.cn/en/media-report/1732-xian-jiaotong-liverpool-university-exploring-a-new-education-model.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 November 2013 |title=LING JUNHUI in China Today No.9 September 2011, saved on Nov.9, 2013 |publisher=News.xjtlu.edu.cn |date=28 October 2011 }}</ref>
+In 2006 the university became the first in the UK to establish an independent university in China, making it the world's first Sino-British university.<ref name="russellgroup1"/><ref name="autogeneratedliv"/><ref name="autogenerated1"/> Resulting from a partnership between the University of Liverpool and [[Xi'an Jiaotong University]], [[Xi'an Jiaotong–Liverpool University]] is the first Sino-British university between research-led universities, exploring new educational models for China.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.xjtlu.edu.cn/en/media-report/1732-xian-jiaotong-liverpool-university-exploring-a-new-education-model.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109084819/http://news.xjtlu.edu.cn/en/media-report/1732-xian-jiaotong-liverpool-university-exploring-a-new-education-model.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 November 2013 |title=LING JUNHUI in China Today No.9 September 2011, saved on Nov.9, 2013 |publisher=News.xjtlu.edu.cn |date=28 October 2011 }}</ref>
-The campus is situated in [[Suzhou Industrial Park]] in the eastern part of [[Suzhou, Jiangsu|Suzhou]] in the province of [[Jiangsu]], 90&nbsp;km west of Shanghai. It is a science and engineering university with a second focus in English, recognised by the Chinese Ministry of Education as a "not-for-profit" educational institution. The university offers undergraduate degree programmes in the fields of Science, Engineering, and Management. Students are rewarded with a University of Liverpool degree as well as a degree from XJTLU. The teaching language is English.
+The campus is situated in [[Suzhou Industrial Park]] in the eastern part of [[Suzhou]] in the province of [[Jiangsu]], 90&nbsp;km west of [[Shanghai]]. It is a science and engineering university with a second focus in English, recognised by the Chinese Ministry of Education as a "not-for-profit" educational institution. The university offers undergraduate degree programmes in the fields of Science, Engineering, and Management. Students are rewarded with a University of Liverpool degree as well as a degree from XJTLU. The teaching language is English.
+=== Bengaluru Campus ===
 ==Student life==
@@ Line 288: / Line 292: @@
 ===University halls===
 [[File:Crown Place, University of Liverpool.png|thumb|Crown Place halls of residence.]]
-The university offers a wide selection of accommodation that are on campus as well as student villages off campus. As part of a £660 million investment in campus facilities and student experience, the university has built three new on campus halls, while refurbishing existing accommodation.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/facilities-management/campus-development/ |title=Campus development |access-date=31 May 2015 }}</ref>
+The university offers a wide selection of accommodation that are on campus as well as student villages off campus. As part of a £660 million investment in campus facilities and student experience, the university has built three new on campus halls, while refurbishing existing accommodation.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/facilities-management/campus-development/ |title=Campus development |access-date=31 May 2015 }}</ref> The accommodation offered currently by the university for 2025/2026 academic year is listed below:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Find accommodation {{!}} Accommodation {{!}} University of Liverpool |url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/accommodation/find-accommodation/ |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=www.liverpool.ac.uk}}</ref>
-The accommodation offered currently by the university for 2019/2020 academic year is listed below:{{fact|date=December 2024}}
 ; On-campus
@@ Line 300: / Line 303: @@
 ; Off-campus
-Greenbank Student Village
+Greenbank Student Village<ref>{{Cite web |title=Greenbank Student Village {{!}} Accommodation {{!}} University of Liverpool |url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/accommodation/find-accommodation/greenbank-student-village/ |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=www.liverpool.ac.uk}}</ref>
-* Derby & Rathbone Halls
+* Derby
-* Roscoe & Dorothy Kuya Halls
+* Roscoe
+* Derby Old Court
 In 2018, the university faced strong criticism from the student body that the university provided halls were too expensive, by the Cut the Rent campaign.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.thesphinx.co.uk/2018/10/cut-the-rent-students-say-no-to-the-rising-cost-of-halls/|title=CUT THE RENT: STUDENTS SAY 'NO' TO THE RISING COST OF HALLS |date=24 October 2018|website=The Sphinx|language=en-GB|access-date=7 November 2019}}</ref>
@@ Line 308: / Line 312: @@
 Privately accommodation owned Apollo Court ranked 3rd and Myrtle Court ranked 4th in the UK for value for money on a university review platform StudentCrowd.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.studentcrowd.com/article/top-50-uk-student-halls-accommodation-value-for-money-2019|title=Best Value for Money UK Student Accommodation (2019) &#124; StudentCrowd|website=www.studentcrowd.com|access-date=17 April 2020}}</ref>
-In 2021 "Gladstone Halls" was renamed after leading communist and anti-racist leader [[Dorothy Kuya]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-27|title=Gladstone Halls to be renamed after Dorothy Kuya from today|url=https://thetab.com/uk/liverpool/2021/04/27/gladstone-halls-to-be-renamed-after-dorothy-kuya-from-today-61993|access-date=2021-05-05|website=University of Liverpool|language=en-GB}}</ref>
+In 2021, "Gladstone Halls" was renamed after leading communist and anti-racist leader [[Dorothy Kuya]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-27|title=Gladstone Halls to be renamed after Dorothy Kuya from today|url=https://thetab.com/uk/liverpool/2021/04/27/gladstone-halls-to-be-renamed-after-dorothy-kuya-from-today-61993|access-date=2021-05-05|website=University of Liverpool|language=en-GB}}</ref>
 ===Sport===
 [[File:SportsCentreLivUni08.jpg|thumb|University of Liverpool's Sports Centre]]
-The University of Liverpool has a sporting tradition and has many premier teams in a variety of sports.{{fact|date=December 2024}} The current sporting project comes under the title of Sport Liverpool and offers over 50 different sports ranging from football, rugby, cricket and hockey to others such as windsurfing, lacrosse, and cheerleading.
+The University of Liverpool has a sporting tradition and has many premier teams in a variety of sports.{{citation needed|date=December 2024}} The current sporting project comes under the title of Sport Liverpool and offers over 50 different sports ranging from football, rugby, cricket and hockey to others such as windsurfing, lacrosse, and cheerleading.
-Many of the sports have both male and female teams and most are involved in competition on a national level.{{fact|date=December 2024}} [[BUCS]] is the body that organises national university competitions involving 154 institutions in 47 sports. Most sports involve travelling to various locations across the country, mainly on Wednesday afternoons.
+Many of the sports have both male and female teams and most are involved in competition on a national level.{{citation needed|date=December 2024}} [[British Universities and Colleges Sport|BUCS]] is the body that organises national university competitions involving 154 institutions in 47 sports. Most sports involve travelling to various locations across the country, mainly on Wednesday afternoons.
 Two other prominent competitions are the Christie Championships<ref>[http://www.liv.ac.uk/sports/clubs/christie.htm The Christie Championships – SPORT] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003164145/http://www.liv.ac.uk/sports/clubs/christie.htm |date=3 October 2008 }}. University of Liverpool. Retrieved on 14 September 2011.</ref> and the Varsity Cup. The [[Christie Cup]] is an inter-university competition between Liverpool, Leeds and Manchester. The Varsity Cup is a popular "derby" event between [[Liverpool John Moores University]] and the University of Liverpool.
@@ Line 320: / Line 324: @@
 ==Notable alumni==
 {{Main category|Alumni of the University of Liverpool}}
-[[File:Helen Marnie 1.jpg|thumb|160px|[[Helen Marnie]]]]
+[[File:Helen Marnie 1.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Helen Marnie]], Scottish [[Ladytron]]'s vocalist]]
-[[File:Barham Salih conducts a press conference in the Pentagon on Sept. 14, 2006.jpg|thumb|160px|[[Barham Salih]]. Prime Minister of Iraqi Kurdistan]]
+[[File:Barham Salih conducts a press conference in the Pentagon on Sept. 14, 2006.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Barham Salih]], 8th [[president of Iraq]]]]
-[[File:Tung Chee Hwa (Feb 2011).jpg|thumb|160px|[[Tung Chee Hwa]]]]
+[[File:Tung Chee Hwa (Feb 2011).jpg|thumb|upright|[[Tung Chee-hwa]], first [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong|chief executive]] of the [[Hong Kong Special Administrative Region]]]]
-{{columns-list|colwidth=17em|
+{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
 * [[Gwen Alston]], aerodynamicist and educationalist
 * [[Clive Barker]], fantasy and horror fiction writer and film director
@@ Line 342: / Line 346: @@
 * [[Ong Teng Cheong]], 5th President of Singapore
 * [[Philip Clarke (Tesco)|Philip Clarke]], CEO [[Tesco]] PLC
+* [[Stephen Cobb (judge)|Sir Stephen Cobb]], Lord Justice of Appeal
 * [[Steve Coppell]], footballer and manager
 * [[Alexander Critchley]], M.P. for [[Liverpool Edge Hill (UK Parliament constituency)|Liverpool Edge Hill]] 1893–1943
@@ Line 349: / Line 354: @@
 * [[Frank Duckworth]], statistician, developed the [[Duckworth–Lewis method]]
 * [[Carol Ann Duffy]], Poet Laureate
-*[[Peter Dunphy]], film producer, politician and Chief Commoner of the City of London
+* [[Peter Dunphy]], film producer, politician and Chief Commoner of the City of London
 * [[Colum Eastwood]], Northern Irish politician and SDLP leader
 * [[Steve Firth]], musician
 * [[Maxwell Fry]], modernist architect
 * [[Ernest Gibbins]], [[dipterist]]
-* [[Mary Gibby]], botanist and professor<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Stephen Blackmore |author2=Johannes Vogel |author1-link=Stephen Blackmore |author2-link=Johannes Vogel (botanist) |title=Professor Mary Gibby Ph.D., OBE, FLS, FRSE, PPBPS (1949–2024) |journal=[[Edinburgh Journal of Botany]] |date=December 2024 |volume=81 |pages=1-6 |doi=10.24823/EJB.2024.2084|doi-access=free }}</ref>
+* [[Mary Gibby]], botanist and professor<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Stephen Blackmore |author2=Johannes Vogel |author1-link=Stephen Blackmore |author2-link=Johannes Vogel (botanist) |title=Professor Mary Gibby Ph.D., OBE, FLS, FRSE, PPBPS (1949–2024) |journal=[[Edinburgh Journal of Botany]] |date=December 2024 |volume=81 |pages=1–6 |doi=10.24823/EJB.2024.2084|doi-access=free }}</ref>
-* [[Simon Gilbert (journalist)]], journalist and author
+* [[Simon Gilbert (journalist)|Simon Gilbert]], journalist and author
 * [[Rob Grant]]
 * [[Nick Grimshaw]]
@@ Line 364: / Line 369: @@
 * [[John Holt (physicist)|John Holt]], physicist
 * [[Barry Horne (footballer)|Barry Horne]], journalist and pundit
-* [[Beverley Hughes]] [[Privy Council|PC]], former [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP)
+* [[Beverley Hughes]], former [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP)
 * [[Dr Robert Roland Hughes]], pioneer in [[Neuroscience]] and [[Electroencephalography]]
 * [[Irshad Hussain]], chemist and materials scientist
@@ Line 370: / Line 375: @@
 * [[Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara]], first President and Prime Minister of The Gambia
 * [[Rory Jennings]], actor
-* [[Sanjay Jha (businessman)|Sanjay Jha]], Co-CEO [[Motorola]], Inc. and CEO of Motorola's Mobile Devices business
+* [[Sanjay Jha (businessman)|Sanjay Jha]], [[Motorola]], Inc. Co-CEO and Motorola's Mobile Devices business CEO
 * [[Syed Kamall]]
-* [[Alfredo Kanthack|Alfredo Kanthack FRCP FRCS]], pathologist
+* [[Alfredo Kanthack]], pathologist
 * [[Brian Keaney]], children's author
 * [[Sir Frank Kermode]], literary critic
@@ Line 379: / Line 384: @@
 * [[Robert Legget]], civil engineer, historian, and non-fiction writer
 * [[Leigh Lewis|Sir Leigh Lewis]], permanent secretary
-* Dr [[Ann Limb]] CBE DL first woman Chair of The Scouts
+* Dr [[Ann Limb]] first woman Chair of The Scouts
-* [[William Lindesay]] OBE, English conservationist
+* [[William Lindesay]] English conservationist
 * [[Oliver W F Lodge]]
 * [[Chris Lowe]], musician
@@ Line 402: / Line 407: @@
 * [[Gordon Oakes]]
 * [[Stel Pavlou]], author and screenwriter
-* [[David Andrew Phoenix]] OBE, biochemist
+* [[David Andrew Phoenix]], biochemist
 * [[Dee Plume]] and [[Sue Denim (musician)|Sue Denim]], musicians from the band [[Robots in Disguise]]
 * [[Ceri Powell]], geologist and senior [[Royal Dutch Shell]] executive
 * [[John Preston (music executive)|John Preston]] (1950–2017), music industry executive<ref>{{cite news|last1=Denselow|first1=Robin|title=John Preston obituary|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global/2017/dec/01/john-preston-obituary|access-date=4 December 2017|work=The Guardian|date=1 December 2017}}</ref>
-* [[James Quincey]], CEO [[The Coca-Cola Company]]
+* [[James Quincey]], [[The Coca-Cola Company]]'s CEO
 * [[Phil Redmond]], television producer
 * [[Leonard Redshaw|Sir Leonard Redshaw]], shipbuilder
@@ Line 415: / Line 420: @@
 * [[Roy Roberts]], actor
 * [[Winifred Robinson]], broadcaster
-* [[Michael Rosen]], children's writer
+* [[Michael Rosen (author)|Michael Rosen]], children's writer
 * [[Patricia Routledge]], actress
 * [[Barham Salih|Barham Ahmad Salih]], 8th President of Iraq
-* [[Amha Selassie of Ethiopia]]
+* king [[Amha Selassie of Ethiopia]]
 * Sir [[Robin Saxby]], former chairman of [[ARM Holdings]]
-* [[Maeve Sherlock]] OBE, social reformer and life peer
+* [[Maeve Sherlock]], social reformer and life peer
 * [[Margaret Simey]], social and political campaigner
 * [[F.E. Smith]], 1st Earl of Birkenhead
@@ Line 431: / Line 436: @@
 * [[Edward Stringer]], Deputy Chief Defence, Royal Air Force
 * [[Matt Taylor (scientist)|Matt Taylor]], project scientist for the [[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta mission]].
-* [[Heidi Thomas]] OBE, screenwriter and playwright
+* [[Heidi Thomas]], screenwriter and playwright
 * [[Michael Thompson (academic)|Sir Michael Thompson]], academic
-* [[Tung Chee-hwa]], first [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong|chief executive]] of the [[Hong Kong Special Administrative Region]]
+* [[Tung Chee-hwa]], first [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong|chief executive]] of the [[Hong Kong Special Administrative Region]], businessman
 * [[Emma Jane Unsworth]], writer
 * [[Steve Voake]], children's author
@@ Line 452: / Line 457: @@
 |-
 |[[File:Prof. Charles Scott Sherrington.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Charles Scott Sherrington]]]]
-|[[File:Charles Glover Barkla 01.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Charles Glover Barkla]]]]
+|[[File:Charles Glover Barkla 01.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Charles Barkla|Charles Glover Barkla]]]]
 |}
@@ Line 469: / Line 474: @@
 ==See also==
 {{Portal|Education|North West England}}
-* [[Liverpool Knowledge Quarter]]
+* [[List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)]]
+* [[Liverpool Guild of Students]]
+* [[Knowledge Quarter, Liverpool|Liverpool Knowledge Quarter]]
+* [[Liverpool Life Sciences UTC]]
 * [[Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine]]
 * [[Royal Liverpool University Hospital]]
-* [[Liverpool University School of Architecture]]
+* [[Truman Bodden Law School]]
-* [[List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)]]
+* [[University of Liverpool Mathematics School]]
-* [[Cayman Islands Law School]]
+* [[University of Liverpool School of Architecture]]
-* [[Liverpool Life Sciences UTC]]
+* [[University of Liverpool School of Medicine]]
+* [[University of Liverpool School of Dentistry]]
+* [[University of Liverpool School of Veterinary Science]]
+* [[Yoko Ono Lennon Centre]]
 ==Notes==
@@ Line 488: / Line 499: @@
 ==External links==
 {{Commons category|University of Liverpool}}
-* {{oweb|http://www.liverpool.ac.uk/}} {{in lang|en|zh|ar|es}}
+* {{official website|http://www.liverpool.ac.uk/}}
-* [http://www.liverpool.ac.uk/study/london/ University of Liverpool in London] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222230541/https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/study/london/ |date=22 December 2015 }}
-* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080224152556/http://www.lgos.org/ Liverpool Guild of Students']
 {{University of Liverpool|state=expanded}}
@@ Line 512: / Line 521: @@
 [[Category:Universities UK]]
 [[Category:Institutes associated with CERN]]
+[[Category:N8 Research Partnership]]

University of Liverpool: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 17:30, 19 November 2025

History

University College Liverpool

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Central Teaching Hub

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Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University

Bengaluru Campus

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