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'''Phocus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|oʊ|k|ə|s}}; [[Ancient Greek]]: Φῶκος means "[[pinniped|seal]]" (marine animal | '''Phocus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|oʊ|k|ə|s}}; [[Ancient Greek]]: Φῶκος means "[[pinniped|seal]]" (marine animal<ref>[[Robert Graves|Graves, Robert]]. ''[[The Greek Myths]]'' (1960).</ref>) was the name of the [[eponym]]ous hero of [[Phocis]] in [[Greek mythology]].<ref>[[Stephanus of Byzantium]] s. v. ''Phōkis''</ref> Ancient sources relate of more than one figure of this name, and of these at least two are explicitly said to have had Phocis named after them. | ||
* Phocus, the son of [[Poseidon]] and [[Pronoe]], possible eponym of Phocis according to a [[scholia]]st on the ''[[Iliad]]''.<ref name=":0">[[Scholia]] on [[Homer]], ''[[Iliad]]'' 2.517</ref> | * Phocus, the son of [[Poseidon]] and [[Pronoe]], possible eponym of Phocis according to a [[scholia]]st on the ''[[Iliad]]''.<ref name=":0">[[Scholia]] on [[Homer]], ''[[Iliad]]'' 2.517</ref> | ||
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* [[Phocus (son of Ornytion)|Phocus]], son of [[Ornytion]].<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.4.3 2.4.3].</ref> | * [[Phocus (son of Ornytion)|Phocus]], son of [[Ornytion]].<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.4.3 2.4.3].</ref> | ||
* [[Phocus of Boeotia|Phocus]], father of [[Callirhoe (mythology)|Callirhoe]].<ref>[[Plutarch]], ''Amatoriae Narrationes'' 4</ref> | * [[Phocus of Boeotia|Phocus]], father of [[Callirhoe (mythology)|Callirhoe]].<ref>[[Plutarch]], ''Amatoriae Narrationes'' 4</ref> | ||
*Phocus, father of Manthea(seems to be a variation of the [[Callisto (mythology)|Callisto]] story) who consorted with [[Zeus]](who was in the form of a bear) and became the mother of Arctos(seems to be variation of the character of [[Arcas]]) by the god according to [[clementine literature]],Recognitions.The figure is mentioned by the literature to criticize the evils of polytheism in the views of | *Phocus, father of Manthea (seems to be a variation of the [[Callisto (mythology)|Callisto]] story) who consorted with [[Zeus]] (who was in the form of a bear) and became the mother of Arctos (seems to be variation of the character of [[Arcas]]) by the god according to [[clementine literature]], Recognitions. The figure is mentioned by the literature to criticize the evils of [[polytheism]] in the views of [[Christianity]], specifically focusing on [[Adultery|adulteries]] of Zeus.<ref>[[Pseudo-Clement]], ''[[Clementine Recognitions|Recognitions]]'' 10.21-23</ref> | ||
* Phocus and [[Priasus]], two sons of [[Caeneus]], were counted among the [[Argonauts]].<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' 14</ref> | * Phocus and [[Priasus]], two sons of [[Caeneus]], were counted among the [[Argonauts]].<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' 14</ref> | ||
*Phocus the builder, son of [[Danaus]], is mentioned by Hyginus among the [[Achaeans (Homer)|Achaeans]] against [[Troy]], but is otherwise unknown.<ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' 97</ref> [[Epeius]], builder of the [[Trojan Horse]], was a grandson of Phocus the son of Aeacus. | *Phocus the builder, son of [[Danaus]], is mentioned by Hyginus among the [[Achaeans (Homer)|Achaeans]] against [[Troy]], but is otherwise unknown.<ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' 97</ref> [[Epeius]], builder of the [[Trojan Horse]], was a grandson of Phocus the son of Aeacus. | ||
Latest revision as of 17:07, 13 August 2025
Phocus (Template:IPAc-en; Ancient Greek: Φῶκος means "seal" (marine animal[1]) was the name of the eponymous hero of Phocis in Greek mythology.[2] Ancient sources relate of more than one figure of this name, and of these at least two are explicitly said to have had Phocis named after them.
- Phocus, the son of Poseidon and Pronoe, possible eponym of Phocis according to a scholiast on the Iliad.[3]
- Phocus, son of Aeacus and Psamathe,[4] also possible eponym of Phocis according to a scholiast on the Iliad.[3]
- Phocus, son of Ornytion.[5]
- Phocus, father of Callirhoe.[6]
- Phocus, father of Manthea (seems to be a variation of the Callisto story) who consorted with Zeus (who was in the form of a bear) and became the mother of Arctos (seems to be variation of the character of Arcas) by the god according to clementine literature, Recognitions. The figure is mentioned by the literature to criticize the evils of polytheism in the views of Christianity, specifically focusing on adulteries of Zeus.[7]
- Phocus and Priasus, two sons of Caeneus, were counted among the Argonauts.[8]
- Phocus the builder, son of Danaus, is mentioned by Hyginus among the Achaeans against Troy, but is otherwise unknown.[9] Epeius, builder of the Trojan Horse, was a grandson of Phocus the son of Aeacus.
Phocus is also the name of the son of Phocion.
Notes
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- ↑ Graves, Robert. The Greek Myths (1960).
- ↑ Stephanus of Byzantium s. v. Phōkis
- ↑ a b Scholia on Homer, Iliad 2.517
- ↑ Apollodorus, 3.12.6; March, s.v. Phocus, p. 628.
- ↑ Pausanias, 2.4.3.
- ↑ Plutarch, Amatoriae Narrationes 4
- ↑ Pseudo-Clement, Recognitions 10.21-23
- ↑ Hyginus, Fabulae 14
- ↑ Hyginus, Fabulae 97
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References
- Pseudo-Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
- Hyginus, Gaius Julius, Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- March, Jenny, Cassell's Dictionary of Classical Mythology, Casell & Co, 2001. Template:ISBN. Internet Archive.
- Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
- Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- R. Scott Smith, Stephen Trzaskoma. Apollodorus' Library and Hyginus' Fabulae: Two Handbooks of Greek Mythology. Indianapolis: Hackett Pub., 2007. 64–65. Print.
- Stephanus of Byzantium, Stephani Byzantii Ethnicorum quae supersunt, edited by August Meineike (1790-1870), published 1849. A few entries from this important ancient handbook of place names have been translated by Brady Kiesling. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Smith, William, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London (1873). Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.