Benjamin Franklin-class submarine: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Submarine class of the United States Navy}} | {{short description|Submarine class of the United States Navy}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}} | ||
{{Infobox ship | |||
{{Infobox ship image | |section1={{Infobox ship/image | ||
| | |image=USS Benjamin Franklin (SSBN-640).gif | ||
| | |image_caption={{USS|Benjamin Franklin|SSBN-640|6}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Infobox ship class overview | |||
| | |section2={{Infobox ship/class overview | ||
| | |name=''Benjamin Franklin'' class | ||
*[[Newport News Shipbuilding]], VA (4) | |builders=*[[General Dynamics Electric Boat|Electric Boat]], CT (6) | ||
*[[Mare Island Naval Shipyard]],<ref name="Conways p612">Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p.612.</ref> CA (2) | *[[Newport News Shipbuilding]], VA (4) | ||
| | *[[Mare Island Naval Shipyard]],<ref name="Conways p612">Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p.612.</ref> CA (2) | ||
| | |operators={{naval|United States}} | ||
| | |class_before={{sclass|James Madison|submarine|4}} | ||
| | |class_after={{sclass|Ohio|submarine|4}} | ||
| | |subclasses= | ||
| | |cost= | ||
| | |built_range=1963–1967<ref name="Conways p612"/> | ||
| | |in_service_range= | ||
| | |in_commission_range= 1965–2002<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navsource.net/archives/08/06idx.htm |title=''Benjamin Franklin'' class |website=NavSource}}</ref> | ||
| | |total_ships_building= | ||
| | |total_ships_planned= | ||
| | |total_ships_completed=12 | ||
| | |total_ships_canceled= | ||
| | |total_ships_active= | ||
| | |total_ships_laid_up= | ||
| | |total_ships_lost= | ||
| | |total_ships_retired=12 | ||
}} | |total_ships_preserved= | ||
{{Infobox ship characteristics | }} | ||
| | |||
| | |section3={{Infobox ship/characteristics | ||
| | |hide_header= | ||
| | |header_caption= | ||
|type=[[Nuclear submarine|Nuclear-powered]] [[ballistic missile submarine]] | |||
|displacement=Surfaced: {{convert|7325|LT|t|0|lk=in|abbr=on}} | |||
Submerged: {{convert|8251|LT|t|0|lk=in|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1">{{cite book | last = Friedman | first = Norman | title = U.S. Submarines Since 1945: An Illustrated Design History | publisher = [[United States Naval Institute]] | year = 1994 | location = [[Annapolis, Maryland]] | pages = 199–203, 244 | isbn = 1-55750-260-9 }}</ref> | Submerged: {{convert|8251|LT|t|0|lk=in|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1">{{cite book | last = Friedman | first = Norman | title = U.S. Submarines Since 1945: An Illustrated Design History | publisher = [[United States Naval Institute]] | year = 1994 | location = [[Annapolis, Maryland]] | pages = 199–203, 244 | isbn = 1-55750-260-9 }}</ref> | ||
| | |length={{convert|425|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | ||
| | |beam={{convert|33|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | ||
| | |draft={{convert|28|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | ||
| | |depth= | ||
| | |power= | ||
| | |propulsion=*1 × [[S5W]] [[Pressurized water reactor|PWR]] | ||
*2 geared [[steam turbine]]s ({{convert|15000|shp|abbr=on}}), | *2 geared [[steam turbine]]s ({{convert|15000|shp|abbr=on}}), | ||
*1 shaft<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | *1 shaft<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | ||
| | |speed=*{{convert|16|kn|abbr=on}} surfaced | ||
*{{convert|21|kn|abbr=on}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | *{{convert|21|kn|abbr=on}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | ||
| | |range= | ||
| | |endurance= | ||
| | |test_depth={{convert|1300|ft|m}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | ||
| | |complement=Two crews of 14 officers and 126 enlisted<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | ||
| | |sensors= | ||
| | |EW= | ||
| | |armament=*16 [[Polaris missile|Polaris A3]] or [[UGM-73 Poseidon|Poseidon C3]] or [[UGM-96 Trident I|Trident I C4 missiles]] | ||
* 4 × [[American 21-inch torpedo|21-inch (533 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s, 13 [[torpedoes]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | * 4 × [[American 21-inch torpedo|21-inch (533 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s, 13 [[torpedoes]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1"/> | ||
| | |notes= | ||
}} | |||
}} | }} | ||
The '''''Benjamin Franklin'' class''' of [[United States Navy|US]] [[ballistic missile submarine]]s were in service from the 1960s to the 2000s. The class was an evolutionary development from the earlier {{sclass|James Madison|submarine|4}} of fleet ballistic missile submarine. Having quieter machinery and other improvements, it is considered a separate class. A subset of this class is the re-engineered 640 class starting with {{USS|George C. Marshall|SSBN-654|6}}. The primary difference was that they were built under the new SUBSAFE rules after the loss of {{USS|Thresher|SSN-593|6}}, earlier boats of the class had to be retrofitted to meet SUBSAFE requirements. The ''Benjamin Franklin'' class, together with the {{sclass|George Washington|submarine|5}}, {{sclass|Ethan Allen|submarine|5}}, {{sclass|Lafayette|submarine|5}}, and ''James Madison'' classes, comprised the "[[41 for Freedom]]" submarines that were the Navy's primary contribution to the [[nuclear deterrent]] force through the late 1980s. This class and the ''James Madison'' class are combined with the ''Lafayette''s in some references. | The '''''Benjamin Franklin'' class''' of [[United States Navy|US]] [[ballistic missile submarine]]s were in service from the 1960s to the 2000s. The class was an evolutionary development from the earlier {{sclass|James Madison|submarine|4}} of fleet ballistic missile submarine. Having quieter machinery and other improvements, it is considered a separate class. A subset of this class is the re-engineered 640 class starting with {{USS|George C. Marshall|SSBN-654|6}}. The primary difference was that they were built under the new SUBSAFE rules after the loss of {{USS|Thresher|SSN-593|6}}, earlier boats of the class had to be retrofitted to meet SUBSAFE requirements. The ''Benjamin Franklin'' class, together with the {{sclass|George Washington|submarine|5}}, {{sclass|Ethan Allen|submarine|5}}, {{sclass|Lafayette|submarine|5}}, and ''James Madison'' classes, comprised the "[[41 for Freedom]]" submarines that were the Navy's primary contribution to the [[nuclear deterrent]] force through the late 1980s. This class and the ''James Madison'' class are combined with the ''Lafayette''s in some references. | ||
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==Fate== | ==Fate== | ||
The ''Benjamin Franklin''s were decommissioned between 1992 and 2002 to comply with [[SALT II]] treaty limitations as the {{sclass|Ohio|submarine|4}} SSBNs entered service, for their age, and because of the [[collapse of the Soviet Union]].<ref name="Conways p612"/> USS ''Kamehameha'' was [[Ship decommissioning|decommissioned]] on 2 April 2002, the last ship of the ''Benjamin Franklin'' class to be decommissioned.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.navsource. | The ''Benjamin Franklin''s were decommissioned between 1992 and 2002 to comply with [[SALT II]] treaty limitations as the {{sclass|Ohio|submarine|4}} SSBNs entered service, for their age, and because of the [[collapse of the Soviet Union]].<ref name="Conways p612"/> USS ''Kamehameha'' was [[Ship decommissioning|decommissioned]] on 2 April 2002, the last ship of the ''Benjamin Franklin'' class to be decommissioned.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navsource.net/archives/08/08642.htm |title=''Kamehameha'' |website=NavSource}}</ref> | ||
The [[Sail (submarine)|sail]] of ''George Bancroft'' is preserved at the [[Naval Submarine Base King's Bay]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]. ''James K. Polk''{{'}}s sail is on display at the [[National Museum of Nuclear Science & History]]<ref> | The [[Sail (submarine)|sail]] of ''George Bancroft'' is preserved at the [[Naval Submarine Base King's Bay]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]. ''James K. Polk''{{'}}s sail is on display at the [[National Museum of Nuclear Science & History]]<ref> | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category|Benjamin Franklin class submarines|''Benjamin Franklin'' class submarines}} | {{Commons category|Benjamin Franklin class submarines|''Benjamin Franklin'' class submarines}} | ||
* [http://www.navsource. | * [http://www.navsource.net/archives/08/06idx.htm NavSource SSBN photo gallery index] | ||
{{Benjamin Franklin class submarine}} | {{Benjamin Franklin class submarine}} | ||
Latest revision as of 17:46, 3 November 2025
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox ship The Benjamin Franklin class of US ballistic missile submarines were in service from the 1960s to the 2000s. The class was an evolutionary development from the earlier Template:Sclass of fleet ballistic missile submarine. Having quieter machinery and other improvements, it is considered a separate class. A subset of this class is the re-engineered 640 class starting with Template:USS. The primary difference was that they were built under the new SUBSAFE rules after the loss of Template:USS, earlier boats of the class had to be retrofitted to meet SUBSAFE requirements. The Benjamin Franklin class, together with the Template:Sclass, Template:Sclass, Template:Sclass, and James Madison classes, comprised the "41 for Freedom" submarines that were the Navy's primary contribution to the nuclear deterrent force through the late 1980s. This class and the James Madison class are combined with the Lafayettes in some references.
Design
The Benjamin Franklin-class submarines were built with the Polaris A-3 ballistic missile, and in the early 1970s were converted to carry the Poseidon C-3 missile. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, six boats were further modified to carry the Trident I (C-4) missile, along with six James Madison-class boats. These were Benjamin Franklin, Simon Bolivar, George Bancroft, Henry L. Stimson, Francis Scott Key, and Mariano G. Vallejo.[1]
In response to the loss of Template:USS in April 1963, this class was designed to SUBSAFE standards and its equipment was similar to the Template:Sclass fast attack submarines (SSNs). Previous US SSBNs except the George Washington class had equipment similar to the Template:Sclass SSNs.
This class can be distinguished by the fairwater planes' location halfway up the sail; the Lafayettes and James Madisons had the fairwater planes in the upper front portion of the sail.
Two submarines of this class were converted for delivery of up to 66 SEALs or other Special Operations Forces each. In the early 1990s, to make room for the Template:Sclass ballistic missile submarines within the limits set by the SALT II strategic arms limitation treaty, the ballistic missile tubes of Template:USS and Template:USS were disabled. Those boats were redesignated special operations attack submarines and given attack submarine (SSN) hull classification symbols. They were equipped with dry deck shelters to accommodate SEAL Delivery Vehicles or other equipment.[1]
Fate
The Benjamin Franklins were decommissioned between 1992 and 2002 to comply with SALT II treaty limitations as the Template:Sclass SSBNs entered service, for their age, and because of the collapse of the Soviet Union.[1] USS Kamehameha was decommissioned on 2 April 2002, the last ship of the Benjamin Franklin class to be decommissioned.[2]
The sail of George Bancroft is preserved at the Naval Submarine Base King's Bay, Georgia. James K. PolkTemplate:'s sail is on display at the National Museum of Nuclear Science & History[3] in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Mariano G. VallejoTemplate:'s sail is preserved at Mare Island, California, where she was built. The sail of Lewis and Clark is on display at the Patriot's Point Maritime Museum in Charleston, South Carolina.
Boats in class
| Name | Hull no. | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Decommissioned | FateTemplate:Efn-lg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:USSTemplate:NbspTemplate:Efn-lg | SSBN-640 | General Dynamics Electric Boat | 25 May 1963 | 5 December 1964 | 22 October 1965 | 23 November 1993 | disp. 1995 |
| Template:USSTemplate:NbspTemplate:Efn-lg | SSBN-641 | Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co. | 17 April 1963 | 22 August 1964 | 29 October 1965 | 8 February 1995 | disp. 1995 |
| Template:USS | SSBN-642 | Mare Island Naval Shipyard | 2 May 1963 | 16 January 1965 | 10 December 1965 | 2 April 2002 | disp. 2003 |
| Template:USSTemplate:NbspTemplate:Efn-lg | SSBN-643 | General Dynamics Electric Boat | 24 August 1963 | 20 March 1965 | 22 January 1966 | 21 September 1993 | disp. 1998 |
| Template:USS | SSBN-644 | Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co. | 29 July 1963 | 21 November 1964 | 22 December 1965 | 27 June 1992 | disp. 1996 |
| Template:USS | SSBN-645 | General Dynamics Electric Boat | 23 November 1963 | 22 May 1965 | 16 April 1966 | 8 July 1999 | disp. 2000 |
| Template:USS | SSBN-654 | Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co. | 2 March 1964 | 21 May 1965 | 29 April 1966 | 24 September 1992 | disp. 1994 |
| Template:USSTemplate:NbspTemplate:Efn-lg | SSBN-655 | General Dynamics Electric Boat | 4 April 1964 | 13 November 1965 | 20 August 1966 | 5 May 1993 | disp. 1994 |
| Template:USS | SSBN-656 | Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co. | 24 August 1964 | 14 August 1965 | 15 June 1966 | 18 March 1993 | disp. 1994 |
| Template:USSTemplate:NbspTemplate:Efn-lg | SSBN-657 | General Dynamics Electric Boat | 5 December 1964 | 23 April 1966 | 3 December 1966 | 2 September 1993 | disp. 1995 |
| Template:USSTemplate:NbspTemplate:Efn-lg | SSBN-658 | Mare Island Naval Shipyard | 7 July 1964 | 23 October 1965 | 16 December 1966 | 9 March 1995 | disp. 1995 |
| Template:USS | SSBN-659 | General Dynamics Electric Boat | 20 March 1965 | 21 July 1966 | 1 April 1967 | 12 April 1993 | disp. 1994 |
See also
References
Citations
Sources
- Gardiner, Robert and Chumbley, Stephen (editors). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, USA: Naval Institute Press, 1995. Template:ISBN.
- Polmar, Norman. The Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet: Twelfth Edition. London:Arms and Armour Press, 1981. Template:ISBN.
- US Naval Vessel Register - List of SSBN BALLISTIC MISSILE SUBMARINE (NUCLEAR-POWERED) Class vessels
- Public Domain This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.
External links
Template:Military navigation Template:US submarine classes after 1945