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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Wyszogród
| name = Wyszogród
| image_skyline = Wyszogród z drona.jpg
| image_skyline = Wyszogród ~23sjiitt.jpg
| imagesize = 250px
| imagesize = 250px
| image_caption = Castle hill
| image_caption = Town center
| image_shield = POL Wyszogród COA.svg
| image_shield = POL Wyszogród COA.svg
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_map = Poland
Line 44: Line 44:
==History==
==History==
[[File:Kościół Świętej Trójcy w Wyszogrodzie (odnowiona elewacja).jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Baroque in Poland|Baroque]] Holy Trinity church]]
[[File:Kościół Świętej Trójcy w Wyszogrodzie (odnowiona elewacja).jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Baroque in Poland|Baroque]] Holy Trinity church]]
The settlement dates back to the 7th century, when there was a [[Slavic paganism|Slavic pagan]] temple at the site. In the 11th century Wyszogród became fortified and started to act as a local centre of commerce. In the 12th century it became the seat of local [[castellan]]y and soon it became one of the seats of the [[Dukes of Masovia]] within fragmented [[Piast dynasty|Piast]]-ruled [[Kingdom of Poland|Poland]]. Relocated on [[Magdeburg Law]] in 1398, Wyszogród became one of the most important inland ports and centres of textile production in the area. Brewing and crafts also developed.<ref name=sgk>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XIV|year=1895|language=Polish|location=Warszawa|page=150}}</ref> In the 16th century, King [[Sigismund II Augustus]] approved the statutes of the [[guild]]s of [[tailor]]s and furriers, and [[Sigismund III Vasa]] issued new [[Privilege (law)|privileges]] for several guilds.<ref name=sgk/>
The settlement dates back to the 7th century, when there was a [[Slavic paganism|Slavic pagan]] temple at the site. In the 11th century Wyszogród became fortified and started to act as a local centre of commerce. In the 12th century it became the seat of local [[castellan]]y and soon it became one of the seats of the [[Dukes of Masovia]] within fragmented [[Piast dynasty|Piast]]-ruled [[Kingdom of Poland|Poland]]. Relocated on [[Magdeburg Law]] in 1398, Wyszogród became one of the most important inland ports and centres of textile production in the area. Brewing and crafts also developed.<ref name=sgk>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XIV|year=1895|language=pl|location=Warszawa|page=150}}</ref> In the 16th century, King [[Sigismund II Augustus]] approved the statutes of the [[guild]]s of [[tailor]]s and furriers, and [[Sigismund III Vasa]] issued new [[Privilege (law)|privileges]] for several guilds.<ref name=sgk/>


During [[The Deluge (Polish history)|the Deluge]] the town was pillaged and burnt by the [[Swedish Empire|Swedes]]. Several subsequent fires destroyed Wyszogród almost completely. During the [[Swedish invasion of Poland (1701–1706)]], Polish King [[Augustus II the Strong]] stayed in the town in 1704.<ref name=sgk/> After the [[Second Partition of Poland]] in 1793 it was annexed by [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]]. Prussia initiated [[Drang nach Osten|German colonization]] and handed over the old Franciscan church to [[Germans|German]] Protestant colonists.<ref name=sgk2>''Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XIV'', p. 151</ref> The town also experienced an influx of [[Jews]].<ref name=sgk2/> In 1798 the Prussian administration dismantled the old castle of the Piast dynasty.<ref name=sgk2/> In 1807 the town was reconquered by Poles and included within the short-lived [[Duchy of Warsaw]] and after the fall of [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] in 1815 it was transferred to so-called [[Congress Poland]] within the [[Russian Partition]] of Poland. During the [[January Uprising]], on June 2, 1863, it was the site of a clash between Polish insurgents and Russian troops, won by the Poles.<ref>{{cite book|last=Zieliński|first=Stanisław|title=Bitwy i potyczki 1863-1864. Na podstawie materyałów drukowanych i rękopiśmiennych Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu|year=1913|language=pl|publisher=Fundusz Wydawniczy [[Polish Museum, Rapperswil|Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu]]|location=Rapperswil|page=236}}</ref> After [[World War I]], Poland regained independence and control of the town.
During [[The Deluge (Polish history)|the Deluge]] the town was pillaged and burnt by the [[Swedish Empire|Swedes]]. Several subsequent fires destroyed Wyszogród almost completely. During the [[Swedish invasion of Poland (1701–1706)]], Polish King [[Augustus II the Strong]] stayed in the town in 1704.<ref name=sgk/> After the [[Second Partition of Poland]] in 1793 it was annexed by [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]]. Prussia initiated [[Drang nach Osten|German colonization]] and handed over the old Franciscan church to [[Germans|German]] Protestant colonists.<ref name=sgk2>''Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XIV'', p. 151</ref> The town also experienced an influx of [[Jews]].<ref name=sgk2/> In 1798 the Prussian administration dismantled the old castle of the Piast dynasty.<ref name=sgk2/> In 1807 the town was reconquered by Poles and included within the short-lived [[Duchy of Warsaw]] and after the fall of [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] in 1815 it was transferred to so-called [[Congress Poland]] within the [[Russian Partition]] of Poland. During the [[January Uprising]], on June 2, 1863, it was the site of a clash between Polish insurgents and Russian troops, won by the Poles.<ref>{{cite book|last=Zieliński|first=Stanisław|title=Bitwy i potyczki 1863-1864. Na podstawie materyałów drukowanych i rękopiśmiennych Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu|year=1913|language=pl|publisher=Fundusz Wydawniczy [[Polish Museum, Rapperswil|Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu]]|location=Rapperswil|page=236}}</ref> After [[World War I]], Poland regained independence and control of the town.
[[File:Railway track of the Ruszki-Młodzieszyn-Kamion-Wyszogród narrow gauge railway across the bridge over the Vistula at Wyszogród, 1916-1918 (Collection M. Mistewicz).jpg|thumb|left|Bridge over the Vistula at Wyszogród in the 1910s]]


During the [[Polish–Soviet War]], in August 1920, Polish troops were stationed nearby to defend the crossing over the Vistula River against a possible Soviet attack.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kowalski|first=Andrzej|year=1995|title=Miejsca pamięci związane z Bitwą Warszawską 1920 r.|journal=Niepodległość i Pamięć|language=pl|publisher=[[Museum of Independence|Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie]]|issue=2/2 (3)|page=171|issn=1427-1443}}</ref>
During the [[Polish–Soviet War]], in August 1920, Polish troops were stationed nearby to defend the crossing over the Vistula River against a possible Soviet attack.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kowalski|first=Andrzej|year=1995|title=Miejsca pamięci związane z Bitwą Warszawską 1920 r.|journal=Niepodległość i Pamięć|language=pl|publisher=[[Museum of Independence|Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie]]|issue=2/2 (3)|page=171|issn=1427-1443}}</ref>


During [[World War II]], the town was heavily damaged during the course of the German [[invasion of Poland]] in September 1939. During the [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|German occupation]], [[Polish people|Poles]] and Jews were brutalized in the town and conscripted for [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|forced labor]]. In March 1941, around 120 Poles were [[Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany|expelled]] from the town, temporarily deported to a camp in [[Działdowo]], where they were stripped of money and valuables, and afterwards deported to the [[General Government]], while their houses were handed over to German colonists as part of the ''[[Lebensraum]]'' policy.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|year=2017|title=Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945|language=Polish|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|pages=406–408|isbn=978-83-8098-174-4}}</ref> Beginning in March 1941, Jews were deported to other [[Jewish ghettos in German-occupied Poland|ghettos]] and then on to [[Treblinka]] where they were murdered in October 1941 and to [[Auschwitz]], where most were murdered in November 1942. During these deportations and the time spent in other ghettos, they suffered unimaginable horrors along with starvation and disease. These experiences of the [[Holocaust]] resulted in the deaths of all but 250 of Wyszogrod's 2,700 Jews.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Megargee |first1=Geoffrey |title=Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos |date=2012 |publisher=University of Indiana Press |location=Bloomington, Indiana |isbn=978-0-253-35599-7 |page=Volume II 28–30}}</ref>
[[File:Wyszogród ~23sjifgp.jpg|thumb|upright|Memorial to local victims of German deportations during World War II]]
During [[World War II]], the town was heavily damaged during the course of the German [[invasion of Poland]] in September 1939. During the [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|German occupation]], [[Polish people|Poles]] and Jews were brutalized in the town and conscripted for [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|forced labor]]. In March 1941, around 120 Poles were [[Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany|expelled]] from the town, temporarily deported to a camp in [[Działdowo]], where they were stripped of money and valuables, and afterwards deported to the [[General Government]], while their houses were handed over to German colonists as part of the ''[[Lebensraum]]'' policy.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|year=2017|title=Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|pages=406–408|isbn=978-83-8098-174-4}}</ref> Beginning in March 1941, Jews were deported to other [[Jewish ghettos in German-occupied Poland|ghettos]] and then on to [[Treblinka]] where they were murdered in October 1941 and to [[Auschwitz]], where most were murdered in November 1942. During these deportations and the time spent in other ghettos, they suffered unimaginable horrors along with starvation and disease. These experiences of the [[Holocaust]] resulted in the deaths of all but 250 of Wyszogrod's 2,700 Jews.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Megargee |first1=Geoffrey |title=Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos |date=2012 |publisher=University of Indiana Press |location=Bloomington, Indiana |isbn=978-0-253-35599-7 |page=Volume II 28–30}}</ref>


There were several [[Polish resistance movement in World War II|Polish underground resistance]] groups operating both within the city and in the forests nearby. The town was rebuilt after the war, though its population did not recover to pre-war levels.
There were several [[Polish resistance movement in World War II|Polish underground resistance]] groups operating both within the city and in the forests nearby. The town was rebuilt after the war, though its population did not recover to pre-war levels.
Line 73: Line 75:


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.wyszogrod.pl/ Official town webpage]
*[https://www.wyszogrod.pl/ Official town webpage]
*[http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/Wyszogrod/Wyszogrod.html Wyszogród at www.jewishgen.org]
*[http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/Wyszogrod/Wyszogrod.html Wyszogród at www.jewishgen.org]
* [http://www.sztetl.org.pl/en/city/wyszogrod/ Jewish Community in Wyszogród] on Virtual Shtetl
* [http://www.sztetl.org.pl/en/city/wyszogrod/ Jewish Community in Wyszogród] on Virtual Shtetl

Latest revision as of 04:56, 15 December 2025

Script error: No such module "Other uses". Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator Wyszogród Template:IPAc-pl is a town in central Poland, in Masovian Voivodeship, in Płock County, by the Vistula River.Template:TERYT The population of Wyszogród was 2,793 in 2004.

History

File:Kościół Świętej Trójcy w Wyszogrodzie (odnowiona elewacja).jpg
Baroque Holy Trinity church

The settlement dates back to the 7th century, when there was a Slavic pagan temple at the site. In the 11th century Wyszogród became fortified and started to act as a local centre of commerce. In the 12th century it became the seat of local castellany and soon it became one of the seats of the Dukes of Masovia within fragmented Piast-ruled Poland. Relocated on Magdeburg Law in 1398, Wyszogród became one of the most important inland ports and centres of textile production in the area. Brewing and crafts also developed.[1] In the 16th century, King Sigismund II Augustus approved the statutes of the guilds of tailors and furriers, and Sigismund III Vasa issued new privileges for several guilds.[1]

During the Deluge the town was pillaged and burnt by the Swedes. Several subsequent fires destroyed Wyszogród almost completely. During the Swedish invasion of Poland (1701–1706), Polish King Augustus II the Strong stayed in the town in 1704.[1] After the Second Partition of Poland in 1793 it was annexed by Prussia. Prussia initiated German colonization and handed over the old Franciscan church to German Protestant colonists.[2] The town also experienced an influx of Jews.[2] In 1798 the Prussian administration dismantled the old castle of the Piast dynasty.[2] In 1807 the town was reconquered by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw and after the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1815 it was transferred to so-called Congress Poland within the Russian Partition of Poland. During the January Uprising, on June 2, 1863, it was the site of a clash between Polish insurgents and Russian troops, won by the Poles.[3] After World War I, Poland regained independence and control of the town.

File:Railway track of the Ruszki-Młodzieszyn-Kamion-Wyszogród narrow gauge railway across the bridge over the Vistula at Wyszogród, 1916-1918 (Collection M. Mistewicz).jpg
Bridge over the Vistula at Wyszogród in the 1910s

During the Polish–Soviet War, in August 1920, Polish troops were stationed nearby to defend the crossing over the Vistula River against a possible Soviet attack.[4]

File:Wyszogród ~23sjifgp.jpg
Memorial to local victims of German deportations during World War II

During World War II, the town was heavily damaged during the course of the German invasion of Poland in September 1939. During the German occupation, Poles and Jews were brutalized in the town and conscripted for forced labor. In March 1941, around 120 Poles were expelled from the town, temporarily deported to a camp in Działdowo, where they were stripped of money and valuables, and afterwards deported to the General Government, while their houses were handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy.[5] Beginning in March 1941, Jews were deported to other ghettos and then on to Treblinka where they were murdered in October 1941 and to Auschwitz, where most were murdered in November 1942. During these deportations and the time spent in other ghettos, they suffered unimaginable horrors along with starvation and disease. These experiences of the Holocaust resulted in the deaths of all but 250 of Wyszogrod's 2,700 Jews.[6]

There were several Polish underground resistance groups operating both within the city and in the forests nearby. The town was rebuilt after the war, though its population did not recover to pre-war levels.

In 1997–1999 a bridge was built over the Vistula River, which was the longest bridge in Poland until the opening of the Solidarity Bridge in Płock in 2007.

Sights

  • Baroque Holy Trinity Church (1773–1786)
  • Gothic-Baroque St. Mary of Angels Church (1408)
  • Franciscan abbey (1684)
  • Old Town market (18th and 19th centuries)
  • Museum

Transport

Polish National roads 50 and 62 run through the town.

Sports

The local football club is Stegny Wyszogród.[7] It competes in the lower leagues.

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ a b c Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XIV, p. 151
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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Template:Authority control

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