Tinia: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Etruscan sky god}} | {{Short description|Etruscan sky god}} | ||
{{for|the immunological technique TINIA |Turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay}} | {{for-multi|the immunological technique TINIA|Turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay|the moon|Tinia (moon)}} | ||
{{Infobox deity | {{Infobox deity | ||
| type = Etruscan | | type = Etruscan | ||
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However, a primary source from the Roman Varro states that [[Voltumna|Veltha]], not Tins, was the supreme deity of the Etruscans.<ref>Varro, De lingua Latina V.46.</ref> This has led some scholars to conclude that they were assimilated, but this is speculation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Religion of the Etruscans|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=2006}}</ref> | However, a primary source from the Roman Varro states that [[Voltumna|Veltha]], not Tins, was the supreme deity of the Etruscans.<ref>Varro, De lingua Latina V.46.</ref> This has led some scholars to conclude that they were assimilated, but this is speculation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Religion of the Etruscans|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=2006}}</ref> | ||
Tinia was the husband of [[Uni (mythology)|Uni]] and the father of [[Hercle | Tinia was the husband of [[Uni (mythology)|Uni]] and the father of [[Hercle]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=The Etruscan World|publisher=Routledge|year=2013|isbn=978-0-415-67308-2}}</ref> | ||
The [[Etruscans]] had a group of nine gods who had the power of hurling thunderbolts; they were called ''[[Novensiles]]'' by the [[ancient Rome|Romans]].<ref name=ECC>{{cite book|title=The cities and cemeteries of Etruria: Vol.I |first=George |last=Dennis |year=1848 |place=London}}</ref> Of thunderbolts there were eleven sorts, of which Tinia wielded three.<ref name=ECC/> | The [[Etruscans]] had a group of nine gods who had the power of hurling thunderbolts; they were called ''[[Novensiles]]'' by the [[ancient Rome|Romans]].<ref name=ECC>{{cite book|title=The cities and cemeteries of Etruria: Vol.I |first=George |last=Dennis |year=1848 |place=London}}</ref> Of thunderbolts there were eleven sorts, of which Tinia wielded three.<ref name=ECC/> | ||
Latest revision as of 08:32, 3 September 2025
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Tinia (also Tin, Tinh, Tins or Tina) was the sky god and the highest deity in Etruscan religion, equivalent to the Roman Jupiter and the Greek Zeus.[1]
However, a primary source from the Roman Varro states that Veltha, not Tins, was the supreme deity of the Etruscans.[2] This has led some scholars to conclude that they were assimilated, but this is speculation.[3]
Tinia was the husband of Uni and the father of Hercle.[4]
The Etruscans had a group of nine gods who had the power of hurling thunderbolts; they were called Novensiles by the Romans.[5] Of thunderbolts there were eleven sorts, of which Tinia wielded three.[5]
Tinia was sometimes represented with a beard or sometimes as youthful and beardless.[3] In terms of symbolism, Tinia has the thunderbolt.[3][4] Tinia's thunderbolts could be red or blood coloured.[6]
Like Selvans[3] and possibly Laran,[7] Tinia also protected boundaries. His name appears as the guarantor on three boundary stones with identical inscriptions found in Tunisia, originally placed there by the Etruscan colonists.[3]
Some of Tinia's possible epithets are detailed on the Piacenza Liver, a bronze model of a liver used for haruspicy. These inscriptions have been transcribed as Tin Cilens, Tin Θuf and Tinś Θne. There have been a number of suggestions as to their meaning, but the Etruscan language is poorly understood and there is no scholarly consensus for the translation.
Inscriptions
Tinia appears in several inscriptions, including:
- Kylix painted by Oltos (c. 500 BC):
- On the bronze Chimera of Arezzo:
- Tinscvil
- A gift to Tins
-
TINSCVIL inscription on foreleg
See also
References
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- ↑ de Grummond, Etruscan Myth, Sacred History and Legend, page 53
- ↑ Varro, De lingua Latina V.46.
- ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Nancy T. de Grummond, "Thunder versus Lightning in Etruria," Etruscan Studies, 2016, 19(2), 183-207.
- ↑ Konstantinos I. Soueref; Ariadni Gartziou-Tatti (2019). Gods of Peace and War in the Myths of the Mediterranean People. Ioannina, Greece: Ephorate of Antiquities of Ioannina - University of Ioannina. Template:ISBN.
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