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In law enforcement, a '''sting operation''' is a [[deceptive]] operation designed to catch a person attempting to commit a crime. A typical sting will have an [[Undercover operation|undercover]] [[law enforcement]] officer, detective, or co-operative member of the public play a role as criminal partner or potential victim and go along with a suspect's actions to gather evidence of the suspect's wrongdoing. [[Mass media]] journalists have used sting operations to record video and broadcast to expose criminal activity.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2013/jun/02/sleaze-journalist-sting-debate|title=Journalism: to sting or not to sting?|first=Roy|last=Greenslade|newspaper=The Guardian |date=2 June 2013|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> | In law enforcement, a '''sting operation''' is a [[deceptive]] operation designed to catch a person attempting to commit a crime. A typical sting will have an [[Undercover operation|undercover]] [[law enforcement]] officer, detective, or co-operative member of the public play a role as criminal partner or potential victim and go along with a suspect's actions to gather evidence of the suspect's wrongdoing. [[Mass media]] journalists have used sting operations to record video and broadcast to expose criminal activity.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2013/jun/02/sleaze-journalist-sting-debate|title=Journalism: to sting or not to sting?|first=Roy|last=Greenslade|newspaper=The Guardian |date=2 June 2013|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> | ||
Sting operations are common in many countries, such as the United States,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/human-rights-watch/watch-fbi-targets-america_b_5613151.html|title=Watch: FBI Targets American Muslims in Abusive Counterterrorism "Sting Operations"|work=The Huffington Post|date=23 July 2014}}</ref> but they are not permitted in some countries, such as Sweden.<ref>[http://www.hogstadomstolen.se/Avgoranden/Vagledande-domar-och-beslut-prejudikat/2007/] Swedish Supreme Court, verdict B 5039-06.</ref> There are prohibitions on conducting certain types of sting operations, such as in the Philippines, where it is illegal for law enforcers to pose as drug dealers to apprehend buyers of illegal drugs. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Luna |first1=Franco |title=PDEA and PNP scrap 'miss encounter tag on Commonwealth shootout, will wait for probe findings |url=https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2021/02/25/2080329/pdea-and-pnp-scrap-misencounter-tag-commonwealth-shootout-will-wait-probe-findings |access-date=25 February 2021 |work=The Philippine Star |date=25 February 2021}}</ref> In countries like France, Germany, and Italy, sting operations are relatively rare.<ref> [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/law-and-history-review/article/surveillance-state-and-the-surveillance-private-sector-pathways-to-undercover-policing-in-france-and-the-united-states/BA9CC4BD55D658C8FE02108B23801695 The Surveillance State and the Surveillance Private Sector: Pathways to Undercover Policing in France and the United States] Jacqueline E. Ross. Law and History Review. 40(2). May 2022. pp. 261-303 </ref> | Sting operations are common in many countries, such as the United States,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/human-rights-watch/watch-fbi-targets-america_b_5613151.html|title=Watch: FBI Targets American Muslims in Abusive Counterterrorism "Sting Operations"|work=The Huffington Post|date=23 July 2014}}</ref> but they are not permitted in some countries, such as Sweden.<ref>[http://www.hogstadomstolen.se/Avgoranden/Vagledande-domar-och-beslut-prejudikat/2007/] Swedish Supreme Court, verdict B 5039-06.</ref> There are prohibitions on conducting certain types of sting operations, such as in the Philippines, where it is illegal for law enforcers to pose as drug dealers to apprehend buyers of illegal drugs.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Luna |first1=Franco |title=PDEA and PNP scrap 'miss encounter tag on Commonwealth shootout, will wait for probe findings |url=https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2021/02/25/2080329/pdea-and-pnp-scrap-misencounter-tag-commonwealth-shootout-will-wait-probe-findings |access-date=25 February 2021 |work=The Philippine Star |date=25 February 2021}}</ref> In countries like France, Germany, and Italy, sting operations are relatively rare.<ref> [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/law-and-history-review/article/surveillance-state-and-the-surveillance-private-sector-pathways-to-undercover-policing-in-france-and-the-united-states/BA9CC4BD55D658C8FE02108B23801695 The Surveillance State and the Surveillance Private Sector: Pathways to Undercover Policing in France and the United States] Jacqueline E. Ross. Law and History Review. 40(2). May 2022. pp. 261-303 </ref> | ||
==Examples== | ==Examples== | ||
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* Police in Columbus, Ohio, used a [[bait car]] outfitted with surveillance technology to catch three 15- and 17-year-old car thieves.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lagatta |first1=Eric |title=Police arrest three teenagers in 'bait car' sting near Ohio State campus |url=https://eu.dispatch.com/story/news/2021/12/07/columbus-police-arrest-3-teens-bait-car-sting-near-ohio-state/6411648001/ |access-date=18 February 2024 |work=The Columbus Dispatch |date=7 December 2021}}</ref> | * Police in Columbus, Ohio, used a [[bait car]] outfitted with surveillance technology to catch three 15- and 17-year-old car thieves.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lagatta |first1=Eric |title=Police arrest three teenagers in 'bait car' sting near Ohio State campus |url=https://eu.dispatch.com/story/news/2021/12/07/columbus-police-arrest-3-teens-bait-car-sting-near-ohio-state/6411648001/ |access-date=18 February 2024 |work=The Columbus Dispatch |date=7 December 2021}}</ref> | ||
* In 2004, a joint operation between US, British and Australian police used fake websites - otherwise known as [[Honeypot (computing)|honeypots]] - to catch [[Security cracking|hackers]] and [[Pedophilia|pedophiles]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Schrage |first1=Michael |date=26 January 2024 |title=We Can Trap More Crooks With a Net Full of Honey |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2004/01/11/we-can-trap-more-crooks-with-a-net-full-of-honey/915b8284-c4da-4dad-a32c-bb92167b5dad/ |access-date=17 February 2024 |newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref> | * In 2004, a joint operation between US, British and Australian police used fake websites - otherwise known as [[Honeypot (computing)|honeypots]] - to catch [[Security cracking|hackers]] and [[Pedophilia|pedophiles]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Schrage |first1=Michael |date=26 January 2024 |title=We Can Trap More Crooks With a Net Full of Honey |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2004/01/11/we-can-trap-more-crooks-with-a-net-full-of-honey/915b8284-c4da-4dad-a32c-bb92167b5dad/ |access-date=17 February 2024 |newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref> | ||
* Wearing luxury timepieces to catch a watch thief. In late 2022, the [[London Met Police]] twice had officers pose as potential victims by wearing high-quality watches such as [[Rolex]]. According to them, there was a reduction in watch robberies as a result of the operations.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hogg |first1=Ryan |title=Billionaire Sir Jim Ratcliffe says he | * Wearing luxury timepieces to catch a watch thief. In late 2022, the [[London Met Police]] twice had officers pose as potential victims by wearing high-quality watches such as [[Rolex]]. According to them, there was a reduction in watch robberies as a result of the operations.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hogg |first1=Ryan |title=Billionaire Sir Jim Ratcliffe says he doesn't wear a watch in London anymore amid Rolex mugging surge |url=https://fortune.com/europe/2024/08/13/british-billionaire-sir-jim-ratcliffe-says-he-doesnt-wear-a-watch-in-london-anymore-amid-rolex-mugging-surge/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=13 August 2024 |work=Fortune}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Warren |first1=Jess & [[PA Media]] |title=Luxury watch thefts down after Met goes undercover |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-67996127 |access-date=17 January 2024 |work=BBC News}}</ref> | ||
* A man was ordered released from prison by a US judge who criticized the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] for relying on an "unsavory" informant for a fake conspiracy to blow up a [[synagogue]] in [[New York City]] and shoot down planes belonging to the [[National Guard (United States)|National Guard]]. The defendants, according to prosecutors, spent months scouting out targets and securing what they believed to be explosives and missiles. They were arrested after allegedly planting fake bombs that had been packed with FBI-supplied inert explosives.<ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Newburgh Four: judge orders release of man convicted in US terror sting |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/jan/20/newburgh-four-james-cromitie-ordered-released |access-date=17 February 2024 |work=The Guardian |date=20 January 2024}}</ref> | * A man was ordered released from prison by a US judge who criticized the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] for relying on an "unsavory" informant for a fake conspiracy to blow up a [[synagogue]] in [[New York City]] and shoot down planes belonging to the [[National Guard (United States)|National Guard]]. The defendants, according to prosecutors, spent months scouting out targets and securing what they believed to be explosives and missiles. They were arrested after allegedly planting fake bombs that had been packed with FBI-supplied inert explosives.<ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Newburgh Four: judge orders release of man convicted in US terror sting |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/jan/20/newburgh-four-james-cromitie-ordered-released |access-date=17 February 2024 |work=The Guardian |date=20 January 2024}}</ref> | ||
* Luring [[fugitives]] out of hiding by sending them mail telling them that they have won a vacation or sports tickets in a competition, which can be collected.<ref name="sting">{{cite news |title=From fake weddings to free flights, elaborate sting operations have ensnared suspects around the world |date=11 June 2021 |first=Antonia Noori|last=Farzan|authorlink=Antonia Noori Farzan |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/06/08/sting-operations/}}</ref> In a 1985 sting known as [[Operation Flagship]], US Marshals arrested over 100 fugitives by posing as a television company inviting them to the [[Washington Convention Center]] to claim free tickets for a [[Washington Redskins]] match.<ref name="sting" /> Another established a fictitious airline offering free tickets, arresting those who came to the fake check-in desk at [[Miami International Airport]].<ref name="sting" /> Such arrests are significantly safer than arresting the fugitive at their home, as the target will often be unarmed and off-guard.<ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last1=Clark |first1=Jerry |title=On the Lam: A History of Hunting Fugitives in America |last2=Palattella |first2=Ed |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2019 |isbn=9781442262591 |location=Lanham, Maryland |pages=135–137}}</ref> | * Luring [[fugitives]] out of hiding by sending them mail telling them that they have won a vacation or sports tickets in a competition, which can be collected.<ref name="sting">{{cite news |title=From fake weddings to free flights, elaborate sting operations have ensnared suspects around the world |date=11 June 2021 |first=Antonia Noori|last=Farzan|authorlink=Antonia Noori Farzan |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/06/08/sting-operations/}}</ref> In a 1985 sting known as [[Operation Flagship]], US Marshals arrested over 100 fugitives by posing as a television company inviting them to the [[Washington Convention Center]] to claim free tickets for a [[Washington Redskins]] match.<ref name="sting" /> Another established a fictitious airline offering free tickets, arresting those who came to the fake check-in desk at [[Miami International Airport]].<ref name="sting" /> Such arrests are significantly safer than arresting the fugitive at their home, as the target will often be unarmed and off-guard.<ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last1=Clark |first1=Jerry |title=On the Lam: A History of Hunting Fugitives in America |last2=Palattella |first2=Ed |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2019 |isbn=9781442262591 |location=Lanham, Maryland |pages=135–137}}</ref> | ||
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sting Operation}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Sting Operation}} | ||
[[Category:Law enforcement techniques]] | |||
[[Category:Police informants]] | |||
[[Category:Sting operation| ]] | [[Category:Sting operation| ]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:28, 14 November 2025
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In law enforcement, a sting operation is a deceptive operation designed to catch a person attempting to commit a crime. A typical sting will have an undercover law enforcement officer, detective, or co-operative member of the public play a role as criminal partner or potential victim and go along with a suspect's actions to gather evidence of the suspect's wrongdoing. Mass media journalists have used sting operations to record video and broadcast to expose criminal activity.[1]
Sting operations are common in many countries, such as the United States,[2] but they are not permitted in some countries, such as Sweden.[3] There are prohibitions on conducting certain types of sting operations, such as in the Philippines, where it is illegal for law enforcers to pose as drug dealers to apprehend buyers of illegal drugs.[4] In countries like France, Germany, and Italy, sting operations are relatively rare.[5]
Examples
- Police in Columbus, Ohio, used a bait car outfitted with surveillance technology to catch three 15- and 17-year-old car thieves.[6]
- In 2004, a joint operation between US, British and Australian police used fake websites - otherwise known as honeypots - to catch hackers and pedophiles.[7]
- Wearing luxury timepieces to catch a watch thief. In late 2022, the London Met Police twice had officers pose as potential victims by wearing high-quality watches such as Rolex. According to them, there was a reduction in watch robberies as a result of the operations.[8][9]
- A man was ordered released from prison by a US judge who criticized the Federal Bureau of Investigation for relying on an "unsavory" informant for a fake conspiracy to blow up a synagogue in New York City and shoot down planes belonging to the National Guard. The defendants, according to prosecutors, spent months scouting out targets and securing what they believed to be explosives and missiles. They were arrested after allegedly planting fake bombs that had been packed with FBI-supplied inert explosives.[10]
- Luring fugitives out of hiding by sending them mail telling them that they have won a vacation or sports tickets in a competition, which can be collected.[11] In a 1985 sting known as Operation Flagship, US Marshals arrested over 100 fugitives by posing as a television company inviting them to the Washington Convention Center to claim free tickets for a Washington Redskins match.[11] Another established a fictitious airline offering free tickets, arresting those who came to the fake check-in desk at Miami International Airport.[11] Such arrests are significantly safer than arresting the fugitive at their home, as the target will often be unarmed and off-guard.[12]
- Arranging for someone under the legal drinking or smoking age to buy alcoholic beverages or tobacco products from a store,[13][14] or to ask an adult to buy the products for them.[15]
- Police from Belgium posed as a documentary film crew to lure a Somali pirate to the country where he was thought to have hijacked a Belgian-registered ship. He was arrested at Brussels Airport and sentenced to 20 years in prison.[11][16]
- Canadian and American police coordinated a fake wedding for two undercover FBI agents, and the celebration was in fact an operation targeting an international smuggling and counterfeiting operation based out of China. A total of eight guests were stopped by local police en route to the event. Authorities said the defendants had been smuggling highly-realistic counterfeit American currency, bootleg cigarettes, drugs and illegal weapons.[11][17]
- Posting a newspaper advertisement seeking a type of rare item known to have been stolen. In 1998, three agencies joined forces to conduct a sting operation where they successfully recovered the Honduras Goodwill Moon Rock from a vault in Miami. The sting operation was known as "Operation Lunar Eclipse" and the participating agencies were NASA Office of Inspector General, the United States Postal Inspection Service and U.S. Customs. The moon rock was offered to the undercover agents for Template:US$ million. Journalist Christina Reed broke that story in Geotimes in 2002.[18][19] Operation Lunar Eclipse and the Moon Rock Project were the subject of the book The Case of the Missing Moon Rocks by Joe Kloc.
- In 2021, David Ballantyne Smith, a security guard working at the British Embassy in Berlin was caught passing secret information to Russian authorities. The undercover operation was prompted by a letter he sent in 2020 to a military staff member at the Russian embassy in Berlin. Smith allegedly received money in exchange for secret information; there were unaccounted-for funds including €800 at his home in Potsdam. One undercover British operative posed as a "walk-in" Russian informant under the alias of Dmitry, when Smith escorted him into the building, after which Smith was seen on CCTV recording the earlier footage of Dmitry. A second undercover operative met him in the street and claimed to be a Russian intelligence officer named "Irina" who had been deployed to play the role of a GRU officer investigating whether Dmitry had been giving the UK information that had been potentially damaging to Russia. Smith, covertly recorded, told Irina that he needed to speak to "someone" (that someone being Dmitry) first before divulging any information.[20]
- Posing as a minor on the internet, luring and catching online predators in the act.[21]
See also
- Template:Annotated link
- Template:Annotated link
- The Case of the Missing Moon Rocks
- Template:Annotated link
- Template:Annotated link
- Template:Annotated link
- Template:Annotated link
- Template:Annotated link
- Template:Annotated link
- Template:Annotated link
- Mr. Big (police procedure)
- Murder of Rachel Hoffman, the execution of a police informant during a sting operation
- Narada Sting Operation
- Operation Tennessee Waltz
- Possession of stolen goods
- John David Roy Atchison (1954–2007), Assistant US Attorney and children's sports coach, committed suicide in prison after being arrested in a sting operation and charged with soliciting sex from a 5-year-old girl
- Stephen Joseph Ratkai, arrested and convicted of espionage in Canada after a successful sting operation
- The Sting - a 1973 film
- Vigilantism in the United States of America
References
External links
- Spencer Ackerman: Government agents 'directly involved in most high-profile US terror plots. Human Rights Watch documents 'sting' operations. Report raises questions about post-9/11 civil rights, The Guardian, 21 July 2014.
Template:Espionage Template:Authority control
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- ↑ [1] Swedish Supreme Court, verdict B 5039-06.
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- ↑ The Surveillance State and the Surveillance Private Sector: Pathways to Undercover Policing in France and the United States Jacqueline E. Ross. Law and History Review. 40(2). May 2022. pp. 261-303
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