Alphonso mango: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox cultivar | {{Infobox cultivar | ||
| name = ''Mangifera'' 'Alphonso' | | name = ''Mangifera'' 'Alphonso' | ||
| image = | | image = Mangoes in Bangalore (2025) 19.jpg | ||
| image_caption = Alphonso mangoes | | image_caption = Alphonso mangoes | ||
| genus = ''[[Mangifera]]'' | | genus = ''[[Mangifera]]'' | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
| origin = [[India]] | | origin = [[India]] | ||
| marketing_names = Hapus | | marketing_names = Hapus | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Alphonso mango''' is a named [[mango cultivar]] that originates from [[India]]. In the UK in 2012, it was considered one of the most prized mangoes, known for its saffron-coloured flesh and culinary uses in various dishes and desserts.<ref name="guard"> | The '''Alphonso mango''' is a named [[mango cultivar]] that originates from [[India]]. In the UK in 2012, it was considered one of the most prized mangoes, known for its saffron-coloured flesh and culinary uses in various dishes and desserts.<ref name="guard"> | ||
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==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
The variety is named after [[Afonso de Albuquerque]], a distinguished [[militarian]] and [[viceroy]] of [[Portuguese India]] from 1509 to 1515.<ref name=guard/> [[Jesuit]] missionaries introduced [[grafting]] on mango trees in [[Portuguese Goa]], to produce varieties like Alphonso.<ref name="Alvares">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/the-jesuits-and-the-mango/articleshow/68894908.cms|title=The Jesuits and the Mango|work=[[The Times of India]]|last1=Alvares|first1=Patricia Ann|date=15 April 2019}}</ref> In 1563, [[Garcia da Orta]] wrote of Alphonsos grown in [[Portuguese Bombay]], which were to be presented to the governor (viceroy) in Goa.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/how-indias-mango-diplomacy-has-been-winning-friends-and-foes-over-the-years/articleshow/59076409.cms|title=How India's mango diplomacy has been winning friends and foes over the years|work=The Economic Times|author=Vikram Doctor|date=10 June 2017|access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> Alphonso is also one of the most expensive varieties of mango,<ref name=guard/> and is grown mainly in the [[Konkan region]] of western India - Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka.<ref> | The variety is named after [[Afonso de Albuquerque]], a distinguished [[militarian]] and [[viceroy]] of [[Portuguese India]] from 1509 to 1515.<ref name=guard/> [[Jesuit]] missionaries introduced [[grafting]] on mango trees in [[Portuguese Goa]], to produce varieties like Alphonso.<ref name="Alvares">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/the-jesuits-and-the-mango/articleshow/68894908.cms|title=The Jesuits and the Mango|work=[[The Times of India]]|last1=Alvares|first1=Patricia Ann|date=15 April 2019}}</ref> In 1563, [[Garcia da Orta]] wrote of Alphonsos grown in [[Portuguese Bombay]], which were to be presented to the governor (viceroy) in Goa.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/how-indias-mango-diplomacy-has-been-winning-friends-and-foes-over-the-years/articleshow/59076409.cms|title=How India's mango diplomacy has been winning friends and foes over the years|work=The Economic Times|author=Vikram Doctor|date=10 June 2017|access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> The Portuguese loved the flavour of the fruit and replicated it using the grafting technique. Alphonso is also one of the most expensive varieties of mango,<ref name=guard/> and is grown mainly in the [[Konkan region]] of western India - Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka.<ref> | ||
{{cite web | {{cite web | ||
| url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/the-king-at-your-doorstep/ | | url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/the-king-at-your-doorstep/ | ||
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In January 2015, the [[European Commission]] lifted the ban following significant improvements in the Indian mango export system.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/alphonso-mangoes-eu-lifts-ban-on-indian-mango-imports-9990412.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122022013/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/alphonso-mangoes-eu-lifts-ban-on-indian-mango-imports-9990412.html |archive-date=2015-01-22 |url-access=limited |url-status=live | title=Alphonso mangoes: EU lifts ban on Indian mango imports | publisher=The Independent, Independent Digital News & Media, London, UK | date=20 January 2016 | access-date=26 May 2016}}</ref> | In January 2015, the [[European Commission]] lifted the ban following significant improvements in the Indian mango export system.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/alphonso-mangoes-eu-lifts-ban-on-indian-mango-imports-9990412.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122022013/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/alphonso-mangoes-eu-lifts-ban-on-indian-mango-imports-9990412.html |archive-date=2015-01-22 |url-access=limited |url-status=live | title=Alphonso mangoes: EU lifts ban on Indian mango imports | publisher=The Independent, Independent Digital News & Media, London, UK | date=20 January 2016 | access-date=26 May 2016}}</ref> | ||
{{Commons category|Alphonso}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 67: | Line 69: | ||
[[Category:GI-Tagged Mangoes of India]] | [[Category:GI-Tagged Mangoes of India]] | ||
[[Category:Flora of India (region)]] | [[Category:Flora of India (region)]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Agriculture in Maharashtra]] | ||
[[Category:Economy of Maharashtra]] | [[Category:Economy of Maharashtra]] | ||
[[Category:Ratnagiri district]] | [[Category:Ratnagiri district]] | ||
[[Category:Geographical indications in Maharashtra]] | [[Category:Geographical indications in Maharashtra]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:58, 18 December 2025
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The Alphonso mango is a named mango cultivar that originates from India. In the UK in 2012, it was considered one of the most prized mangoes, known for its saffron-coloured flesh and culinary uses in various dishes and desserts.[1]
Origin
The variety is named after Afonso de Albuquerque, a distinguished militarian and viceroy of Portuguese India from 1509 to 1515.[1] Jesuit missionaries introduced grafting on mango trees in Portuguese Goa, to produce varieties like Alphonso.[2] In 1563, Garcia da Orta wrote of Alphonsos grown in Portuguese Bombay, which were to be presented to the governor (viceroy) in Goa.[3] The Portuguese loved the flavour of the fruit and replicated it using the grafting technique. Alphonso is also one of the most expensive varieties of mango,[1] and is grown mainly in the Konkan region of western India - Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka.[4][5][6] It is grown in the Valsad and Navsari districts of South Gujarat.[7]
Description
The Alphonso mango is a seasonal fruit harvested from end of March through the end of June.[1] The time from flowering to harvest is about 90 days, while the time from harvest to ripening is about 15 days.[8] The fruits generally weigh between Script error: No such module "convert"., have a rich, creamy, tender texture and delicate, non-fibrous, juicy pulp.[9] As the fruit matures, the skin of an Alphonso mango turns golden-yellow with a tinge of red across the top of the fruit.[9]
Culinary
Mango sorbet, ice cream, lassi, soufflé, mousse, and puree are some culinary preparations using Alphonso mangoes.
Trade
The Alphonso is prized in domestic and international markets for its taste, fragrance and bright color.[1] It is exported to various countries, including Japan, Korea and Europe.[10]
Import bans
An import ban imposed in 1989 by the United States on Indian mangoes, including the Alphonso, was lifted in April 2007.[11] However, the mangoes needed to be treated before entering the country in order to stop the introduction of non-native fruit flies, destructive fungi, and other pests that could harm American agriculture. The European Union imposed a ban beginning in April 2014 on import of mangoes after finding "non-European fruit flies" in some consignments, creating a significant threat to UK salad crops.[12] The Indian government had described this decision as arbitrary and businesses claimed they would suffer financial losses due to the ban.
In January 2015, the European Commission lifted the ban following significant improvements in the Indian mango export system.[13]
References
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