Opera hat: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Chapeauclaque.png|thumb|right|A collapsible opera hat, open (above) and folded (below).]] | [[File:Chapeauclaque.png|thumb|right|A collapsible opera hat, open (above) and folded (below).]] | ||
An '''opera hat''', also called a {{lang|fr|'''chapeau claque'''}} or '''gibus''', is a [[top hat]] variant that is collapsible through a [[Spring (device)|spring]] system, originally intended for less spacious venues, such as the [[theatre]] and [[opera house]]. | An '''opera hat''', also called a {{lang|fr|'''chapeau claque'''}} or '''gibus''', is a [[top hat]] variant that is collapsible through a [[Spring (device)|spring]] system, originally intended for less spacious indoor venues, such as the [[theatre]] and [[opera house]]. | ||
Typically made of black [[satin]], it folds vertically through a push or a snap on the top of the hat for convenient storage in a wardrobe or under the seat. It opens with a push from underneath. | Typically made of black [[satin]], it folds vertically through a push or a snap on the top of the hat for convenient storage in a wardrobe or under the seat. It opens with a push from underneath. | ||
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Its French name {{lang|fr|chapeau claque}} is a composition of {{lang|fr|chapeau}}, which means hat, and {{lang|fr|claque}}, which means {{gloss|tap}} or {{gloss|click}}. The {{lang|fr|chapeau claque}} is thus a hat that folds with a click, and unfolds likewise. | Its French name {{lang|fr|chapeau claque}} is a composition of {{lang|fr|chapeau}}, which means hat, and {{lang|fr|claque}}, which means {{gloss|tap}} or {{gloss|click}}. The {{lang|fr|chapeau claque}} is thus a hat that folds with a click, and unfolds likewise. | ||
In English, the hat model is usually referred to as a ''collapsible top-hat'', ''gibus'' or more often ''opera hat''.<ref>[ | In English, the hat model is usually referred to as a ''collapsible top-hat'', ''gibus'' or more often ''opera hat''.<ref>[https://www.silktophats.eu/historytophat.html www.silktophats.eu: ''History of the top hat'']</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
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{{quote|An elastic round hat, which "may be made of beaver, silk, or other materials." "The top of the crown and about half an inch from the top" as well as "the brim and about an inch, the crown from the bottom" are stiffened in the ordinary manner. The rest of the hat "is left entirely without stiffening," and is kept in shape by ribs of any suitable material "fastened horizontally to the inside of the crown," and by an elastic steel spring from three to four inches long and nearly half an inch wide "sewed on each side of the crown in the inside in an upright position." Then packed up for travelling, "the double ribbon fastened under the band is to be pulled over the top of the crown to keep it in a small compass."<ref>{{cite book|title=Patents for inventions. Abridgments of specifications|date=1874|publisher=Patent Office |url=https://archive.org/details/patentsforinven75offigoog|quote=an elastic round hat.}}</ref>}} | {{quote|An elastic round hat, which "may be made of beaver, silk, or other materials." "The top of the crown and about half an inch from the top" as well as "the brim and about an inch, the crown from the bottom" are stiffened in the ordinary manner. The rest of the hat "is left entirely without stiffening," and is kept in shape by ribs of any suitable material "fastened horizontally to the inside of the crown," and by an elastic steel spring from three to four inches long and nearly half an inch wide "sewed on each side of the crown in the inside in an upright position." Then packed up for travelling, "the double ribbon fastened under the band is to be pulled over the top of the crown to keep it in a small compass."<ref>{{cite book|title=Patents for inventions. Abridgments of specifications|date=1874|publisher=Patent Office |url=https://archive.org/details/patentsforinven75offigoog|quote=an elastic round hat.}}</ref>}} | ||
Some sources have taken this to describe an early folding top hat,<ref>{{cite book|last1=de Bono|first1=Edward|title=Eureka! An illustrated history of inventions from the wheel to the computer: a London Sunday times encyclopedia|date=1974|publisher=Holt, Rinehart and Winston|location=London|page=88|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XzLbAAAAMAAJ&q=%22An+elastic+round+hat%22}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sichel|first1=Marion|title=The Regency|date=1978|publisher=Batsford|pages=24–25|location=London|isbn=9780713403428}}</ref> although it is not explicitly stated whether Dollman's design was specifically for male or female headgear. Dollman's patent expired in 1825.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Herbert |first1=Luke|title=The Register of Arts, and Journal of Patent Inventions, Volume 4| date=1827| page=64| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BCY1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA64}}</ref> Operating from [[Poissy]], Paris, France, around 1840, Antoine Gibus's design for a spring-loaded collapsible top-hat proved so popular that hats made to it became known as ''gibus''.<ref name="Gibus Opera Hat">{{cite web|url=http://www.musee-mccord.qc.ca/scripts/viewobject.php?Lang=1&accessnumber=M969.22.5§ion=196 |title="Gibus" Opera Hat |publisher=McCord Museum |access-date=2013-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.villagehatshop.com/pages/hat-glossary |title=Hat Glossary |publisher=Villagehatshop.com |access-date=2024-12-26 | Some sources have taken this to describe an early folding top hat,<ref>{{cite book|last1=de Bono|first1=Edward|title=Eureka! An illustrated history of inventions from the wheel to the computer: a London Sunday times encyclopedia|date=1974|publisher=Holt, Rinehart and Winston|location=London|page=88|isbn=978-0-03-012641-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XzLbAAAAMAAJ&q=%22An+elastic+round+hat%22}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sichel|first1=Marion|title=The Regency|date=1978|publisher=Batsford|pages=24–25|location=London|isbn=9780713403428}}</ref> although it is not explicitly stated whether Dollman's design was specifically for male or female headgear. Dollman's patent expired in 1825.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Herbert |first1=Luke|title=The Register of Arts, and Journal of Patent Inventions, Volume 4| date=1827| page=64| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BCY1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA64}}</ref> Operating from [[Poissy]], Paris, France, around 1840, Antoine Gibus's design for a spring-loaded collapsible top-hat proved so popular that hats made to it became known as ''gibus''.<ref name="Gibus Opera Hat">{{cite web |url=http://www.musee-mccord.qc.ca/scripts/viewobject.php?Lang=1&accessnumber=M969.22.5§ion=196 |title="Gibus" Opera Hat |publisher=McCord Museum |access-date=2013-07-06 |archive-date=2013-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103204510/http://www.musee-mccord.qc.ca/scripts/viewobject.php?Lang=1&accessnumber=M969.22.5§ion=196 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.villagehatshop.com/pages/hat-glossary |title=Hat Glossary |publisher=Villagehatshop.com |access-date=2024-12-26 }}</ref> | ||
The characteristic snapping sound heard upon opening a gibus suggested a third name, the {{lang|fr|chapeau claque}}, {{lang|fr|claque}} being the French word for {{gloss|slap}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lockhatters.co.uk/History_of_Hats-content.aspx |title=History of Hats |publisher=Lock Hatters |access-date=2013-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907211933/http://www.lockhatters.co.uk/History_of_Hats-content.aspx |archive-date=2015-09-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{clear left}} | The characteristic snapping sound heard upon opening a gibus suggested a third name, the {{lang|fr|chapeau claque}}, {{lang|fr|claque}} being the French word for {{gloss|slap}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lockhatters.co.uk/History_of_Hats-content.aspx |title=History of Hats |publisher=Lock Hatters |access-date=2013-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907211933/http://www.lockhatters.co.uk/History_of_Hats-content.aspx |archive-date=2015-09-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{clear left}} | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category|Opera hats}} | {{Commons category|Opera hats}} | ||
* ''[ | * ''[https://www.bellenger.fr/Gibus/wa_files/gibus.pdf Les Gibus une famille de chapelier]'' (in French) | ||
{{Hats}} | {{Hats}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:38, 7 December 2025
An opera hat, also called a Script error: No such module "Lang". or gibus, is a top hat variant that is collapsible through a spring system, originally intended for less spacious indoor venues, such as the theatre and opera house.
Typically made of black satin, it folds vertically through a push or a snap on the top of the hat for convenient storage in a wardrobe or under the seat. It opens with a push from underneath.
Name
Its French name Script error: No such module "Lang". is a composition of Script error: No such module "Lang"., which means hat, and Script error: No such module "Lang"., which means Template:Gloss or Template:Gloss. The Script error: No such module "Lang". is thus a hat that folds with a click, and unfolds likewise.
In English, the hat model is usually referred to as a collapsible top-hat, gibus or more often opera hat.[1]
History
The construction may originally have been inspired by a historical hat model called Script error: No such module "Lang". (Template:Gloss), made as bicorne or tricorne to be carried folded under the arm.[2]
On 5 May 1812, London hatter Thomas Francis Dollman patented a design for "an elastic round hat" supported by ribs and springs. His patent was described as:
Some sources have taken this to describe an early folding top hat,[3][4] although it is not explicitly stated whether Dollman's design was specifically for male or female headgear. Dollman's patent expired in 1825.[5] Operating from Poissy, Paris, France, around 1840, Antoine Gibus's design for a spring-loaded collapsible top-hat proved so popular that hats made to it became known as gibus.[6][7]
The characteristic snapping sound heard upon opening a gibus suggested a third name, the Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang". being the French word for Template:Gloss.[8]
See also
References
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- ↑ www.silktophats.eu: History of the top hat
- ↑ Quinion, Michael. Why is Q always followed by U? Penguin Books. 2009 Template:ISBN
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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External links
- Les Gibus une famille de chapelier (in French)
Template:Hats Template:Headgear Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Authority control