11 Parthenope: Difference between revisions
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| adjectives = Parthenopean ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|ɑːr|θ|ə|n|ə|ˈ|p|iː|ə|n}} {{respell|PARTH|ə|nə|PEE|ən}})<br />Parthenopian ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|ɑːr|θ|ə|ˈ|n|oʊ|p|i|ə|n}} {{respell|PARTH|ə|NOH|pee|ən}})<ref>{{OED|Parthenopean}}, {{OED|Parthenopian}}</ref> | | adjectives = Parthenopean ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|ɑːr|θ|ə|n|ə|ˈ|p|iː|ə|n}} {{respell|PARTH|ə|nə|PEE|ən}})<br />Parthenopian ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|ɑːr|θ|ə|ˈ|n|oʊ|p|i|ə|n}} {{respell|PARTH|ə|NOH|pee|ən}})<ref>{{OED|Parthenopean}}, {{OED|Parthenopian}}</ref> | ||
| mp_category = [[Main belt]] | | mp_category = [[Main belt]] | ||
| orbit_ref = <ref name=jpldata | | orbit_ref = <ref name=jpldata/> | ||
| epoch = 17.0 October 2024 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2460600.5) | | epoch = 17.0 October 2024 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2460600.5) | ||
| semimajor = {{Convert|2.45337|AU|Gm|abbr=on}} | | semimajor = {{Convert|2.45337|AU|Gm|abbr=on}} | ||
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| flattening = 0.12{{efn|1=Flattening derived from the maximum aspect ratio (c/a): <math>f=1-\frac{c}{a}</math>, where (c/a) = {{val|0.88|0.05}}.<ref name=VLT/>}} | | flattening = 0.12{{efn|1=Flattening derived from the maximum aspect ratio (c/a): <math>f=1-\frac{c}{a}</math>, where (c/a) = {{val|0.88|0.05}}.<ref name=VLT/>}} | ||
| dimensions = {{val|156|x|152|x|138}} ± 6 km<ref name=VLT/> | | dimensions = {{val|156|x|152|x|138}} ± 6 km<ref name=VLT/> | ||
| mean_diameter = {{val|149|2|u=km}}<ref name= | | mean_diameter = {{val|149|2|u=km}}<ref name=VLT/><br />{{val|142.887|1.008|u=km}}<ref name=jpldata/> | ||
| mass = {{val|5.5|0.4|e=18|u=kg}}<ref name=VLT/><br />{{val|6.15|e=18|u=kg}}<ref name=Baer/> | | mass = {{val|5.5|0.4|e=18|u=kg}}<ref name=VLT/><br />{{val|6.15|e=18|u=kg}}<ref name=Baer/> | ||
| density = {{val|3.20|0.27|u=g/cm3}}<ref name=VLT/><br />{{val|3.28|0.20|u=g/cm3}}<ref name=Baer/> | | density = {{val|3.20|0.27|u=g/cm3}}<ref name=VLT/><br />{{val|3.28|0.20|u=g/cm3}}<ref name=Baer/> | ||
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| axial_tilt = 73°<ref name=VLT/> | | axial_tilt = 73°<ref name=VLT/> | ||
| spectral_type = [[S-type asteroid]]<ref name=jpldata/> | | spectral_type = [[S-type asteroid]]<ref name=jpldata/> | ||
| magnitude = 8.68<ref name=AstDys-Parthenope | | magnitude = 8.68<ref name=AstDys-Parthenope/> to 12.16 | ||
| abs_magnitude = 6.73<ref name=jpldata/><br>6.55<ref name=VLT/> | | abs_magnitude = 6.73<ref name=jpldata/><br>6.55<ref name=VLT/> | ||
| pole_ecliptic_lat = {{val|17|4|u=deg}}<ref name=VLT/> | | pole_ecliptic_lat = {{val|17|4|u=deg}}<ref name=VLT/> | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''11 Parthenope''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ɑr|ˈ|θ|ɛ|n|ə|p|i}} {{respell|parth|EN|ə|pee}}) is a large, bright [[ | '''11 Parthenope''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ɑr|ˈ|θ|ɛ|n|ə|p|i}} {{respell|parth|EN|ə|pee}}) is a large, bright [[asteroid]] located in the [[main asteroid belt]]. | ||
Parthenope was discovered by [[Annibale de Gasparis]] on 11 May 1850, the second of his nine asteroid discoveries. It was named after [[Parthenope (Siren)|''Parthenopē'']], one of the [[Siren (mythology)|Siren]]s in [[Greek mythology]], said to have founded the city of [[Naples]]. De Gasparis "used his utmost endeavours to realise a 'Parthenope' in the heavens, such being the name suggested by Sir [[John Herschel]] on the occasion of the discovery of ''[[10 Hygiea|Hygiea]]'' in 1849".<ref | == History == | ||
Parthenope was discovered by [[Annibale de Gasparis]] on 11 May 1850, the second of his nine asteroid discoveries. It was named after [[Parthenope (Siren)|''Parthenopē'']], one of the [[Siren (mythology)|Siren]]s in [[Greek mythology]], said to have founded the city of [[Naples]]. De Gasparis "used his utmost endeavours to realise a 'Parthenope' in the heavens, such being the name suggested by Sir [[John Herschel]] on the occasion of the discovery of ''[[10 Hygiea|Hygiea]]'' in 1849".<ref name="DeGasparis1850"/> Two symbols were proposed for Parthenope: a fish and a star (in the pipeline for [[Unicode]] 17.0 as U+1CEC4 [[File:Parthenope symbol (fixed width).svg|16px]]) while such symbols were still in use, and later a lyre (in the pipeline for Unicode 17.0 as U+1F77A [[File:Lyra symbol (fixed width).svg|16px]]) in lists of symbols. Both are obsolete.<ref name=astunicode/><ref name=pipeline/> | |||
In 1988 a search for satellites or dust orbiting this asteroid was performed using the [[UH88]] telescope at the [[Mauna Kea Observatories]], but the effort came up empty.<ref name="Gradie1988"/> | |||
== Orbit == | |||
[[File:11 Parthenope orbit.jpg|left|thumb|270px|An orbital diagram of 11 Parthenope, with the orbits of the [[inner planets]] and [[Jupiter]] shown.]] | |||
Parthenope orbits the [[Sun]] at an average distance (its [[semi-major axis]]) of 2.454 [[astronomical unit]]s (AU), with an [[orbital period]] of 3.845 years. Its distance from the Sun varies from 2.209 AU at its [[perihelion]] to 2.699 AU at its [[aphelion]], indicated by its [[orbital eccentricity]] of 0.0998. Its orbit is [[orbital inclination|inclined]] by 4.633° with respect to the [[ecliptic plane]].<ref name=jpldata/> | |||
In | == Physical Characteristics == | ||
In 2007, Baer and Chesley calculated a higher mass and density for Parthenope based on [[Perturbation (astronomy)|perturbations]] by the 90 km asteroid [[17 Thetis]]. Baer and Chesley calculated a mass of 6.3{{e|18}} kg with a density of 3.3 g/cm<sup>3</sup>.<ref name="Baer2007"/> 2008 estimates by Baer suggest a mass of 6.15{{e|18}} kg.<ref name=Baer/> The 1997 and 2001 estimates by Viateau and Rapaport were closer to 5{{e|18}} kg with a density of 2.7 g/cm<sup>3</sup>.<ref name="Baer2007"/> | |||
Based upon a [[light curve]] that was generated from [[Photometry (astronomy)|photometric observations]] of Parthenope at [[Pulkovo Observatory]], it has a rotation period of 13.722 ± 0.001 hours and varies in brightness by 0.10 ± 0.0s in [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]]. The light curve displays three maxima and minima per cycle.<ref name="Pilcher2011"/> | |||
==See also== | |||
* [[List of former planets]] | |||
== Notes == | |||
{{notelist}} | |||
== References == | |||
{{Reflist|30em|refs= | |||
<ref name=jpldata>{{cite web | |||
|type=2024-11-29 last obs | |||
|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 11 Parthenope | |||
|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=11 | |||
|accessdate=20 December 2024}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="DeGasparis1850">{{cite journal| bibcode=1850MNRAS..10..144D| last=De Gasparis| first= Annibale| title=The New Planet Parthenope| journal= [[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]| volume=10| pages=144–147 |date=May 1850| doi=10.1093/mnras/10.7.144| doi-access=free}}</ref> | |||
<ref name=VLT>{{cite journal |last1=Vernazza |first1=P. |display-authors=et al. |title=VLT/SPHERE imaging survey of the largest main-belt asteroids: Final results and synthesis |date=October 2021 |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=654 |pages=A56 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202141781 |bibcode=2021A&A...654A..56V }}</ref> | |||
<ref name=AstDys-Parthenope >{{cite web |title=AstDys (11) Parthenope Ephemerides |publisher=Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy |url=https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.1&n=11&oc=500&y0=2031&m0=7&d0=29&h0=00&mi0=00&y1=2031&m1=7&d1=29&h1=00&mi1=00&ti=1.0&tiu=days |accessdate=26 June 2010}}</ref> | |||
<ref name=astunicode>{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2023/23207-historical-asteroids.pdf |title=Unicode request for historical asteroid symbols |last1=Bala |first1=Gavin Jared |last2=Miller |first2=Kirk |date=18 September 2023 |website=unicode.org |publisher=Unicode |access-date=26 September 2023 |quote=}}</ref> | |||
<ref name=pipeline>{{cite web |url=https://unicode.org/alloc/Pipeline.html |title=Proposed New Characters: The Pipeline |author=Unicode |date= |website=unicode.org |publisher=The Unicode Consortium |access-date=6 November 2023 |quote=}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="Baer2007">{{cite journal | |||
|last=Baer |first=James | |last=Baer |first=James | ||
|author2=Steven R. Chesley | |author2=Steven R. Chesley | ||
| Line 82: | Line 105: | ||
|doi=10.1007/s10569-007-9103-8 | |doi=10.1007/s10569-007-9103-8 | ||
|date=2008 |bibcode = 2008CeMDA.100...27B |doi-access=free | |date=2008 |bibcode = 2008CeMDA.100...27B |doi-access=free | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
<ref name=Baer>{{cite web | |||
|date=2008 | |date=2008 | ||
|title=Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations | |title=Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations | ||
| Line 92: | Line 117: | ||
|archive-date=2 July 2013 | |archive-date=2 July 2013 | ||
|url-status=dead | |url-status=dead | ||
}}</ref | }}</ref> | ||
<ref name="Pilcher2011">{{Citation | <ref name="Pilcher2011">{{Citation | ||
| first1 = Frederick | | first1 = Frederick | ||
Latest revision as of 12:22, 24 June 2025
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11 Parthenope (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell) is a large, bright asteroid located in the main asteroid belt.
History
Parthenope was discovered by Annibale de Gasparis on 11 May 1850, the second of his nine asteroid discoveries. It was named after Parthenopē, one of the Sirens in Greek mythology, said to have founded the city of Naples. De Gasparis "used his utmost endeavours to realise a 'Parthenope' in the heavens, such being the name suggested by Sir John Herschel on the occasion of the discovery of Hygiea in 1849".[1] Two symbols were proposed for Parthenope: a fish and a star (in the pipeline for Unicode 17.0 as U+1CEC4 File:Parthenope symbol (fixed width).svg) while such symbols were still in use, and later a lyre (in the pipeline for Unicode 17.0 as U+1F77A File:Lyra symbol (fixed width).svg) in lists of symbols. Both are obsolete.[2][3]
.svg){kind=link}
.svg){kind=link}
In 1988 a search for satellites or dust orbiting this asteroid was performed using the UH88 telescope at the Mauna Kea Observatories, but the effort came up empty.[4]
Orbit
Parthenope orbits the Sun at an average distance (its semi-major axis) of 2.454 astronomical units (AU), with an orbital period of 3.845 years. Its distance from the Sun varies from 2.209 AU at its perihelion to 2.699 AU at its aphelion, indicated by its orbital eccentricity of 0.0998. Its orbit is inclined by 4.633° with respect to the ecliptic plane.[5]
Physical Characteristics
In 2007, Baer and Chesley calculated a higher mass and density for Parthenope based on perturbations by the 90 km asteroid 17 Thetis. Baer and Chesley calculated a mass of 6.3Template:E kg with a density of 3.3 g/cm3.[6] 2008 estimates by Baer suggest a mass of 6.15Template:E kg.[7] The 1997 and 2001 estimates by Viateau and Rapaport were closer to 5Template:E kg with a density of 2.7 g/cm3.[6]
Based upon a light curve that was generated from photometric observations of Parthenope at Pulkovo Observatory, it has a rotation period of 13.722 ± 0.001 hours and varies in brightness by 0.10 ± 0.0s in magnitude. The light curve displays three maxima and minima per cycle.[8]
See also
Notes
References
External links
- Lightcurve plot of 11 Parthenope, Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2008)
- IOTA (International Occultation Timing Association) occultation database
- 2011-Jan-26 Occultation / (2011 Asteroidal Occultation Results for North America)
- Template:AstDys
- Template:JPL small body
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