Word salad: Difference between revisions
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{{for|the album by Fischer-Z|Word Salad (album)}} | {{for|the album by Fischer-Z|Word Salad (album)}} | ||
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[[File:Cloth embroidered by a schizophrenia sufferer.jpg|thumb| | [[File:Cloth embroidered by a schizophrenia sufferer.jpg|thumb|Textile art by a person with [[schizophrenia]], embroidering seemingly unconnected words onto fabric: a ''word salad''.]] | ||
A '''word salad''' is a "confused or unintelligible mixture of seemingly random words and phrases",<ref>{{cite web|title=Definition of "word salad|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2012|url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/word-salad?q=Word+salad |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104214455/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/word-salad?q=Word+salad |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 4, 2013 }}</ref> most often used to describe a symptom of a [[neurological disorder|neurological]] or [[mental disorder]]. The name '''schizophasia''' is used in particular to describe the confused language that may be evident in [[schizophrenia]].<ref name="MW Dict">{{cite web |title=Medical Definition of SCHIZOPHASIA |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/schizophasia |website=www.merriam-webster.com |access-date=29 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref> The words may or may not be grammatically correct, but they are [[semantics|semantically]] confused to the point that the listener cannot extract any meaning from them. The term is often used in psychiatry as well as in [[theoretical linguistics]] to describe a type of [[Grammaticality|grammatical acceptability judgement]] by [[native speakers]]. | A '''word salad''' is a "confused or unintelligible mixture of seemingly random words and phrases",<ref>{{cite web|title=Definition of "word salad|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2012|url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/word-salad?q=Word+salad |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104214455/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/word-salad?q=Word+salad |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 4, 2013 }}</ref> most often used to describe a symptom of a [[neurological disorder|neurological]] or [[mental disorder]]. The name '''schizophasia''' is used in particular to describe the confused language that may be evident in [[schizophrenia]].<ref name="MW Dict">{{cite web |title=Medical Definition of SCHIZOPHASIA |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/schizophasia |website=www.merriam-webster.com |access-date=29 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref> The words may or may not be grammatically correct, but they are [[semantics|semantically]] confused to the point that the listener cannot extract any meaning from them. The term is often used in psychiatry as well as in [[theoretical linguistics]] to describe a type of [[Grammaticality|grammatical acceptability judgement]] by [[native speakers]]. | ||
Latest revision as of 09:37, 25 June 2025
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A word salad is a "confused or unintelligible mixture of seemingly random words and phrases",[1] most often used to describe a symptom of a neurological or mental disorder. The name schizophasia is used in particular to describe the confused language that may be evident in schizophrenia.[2] The words may or may not be grammatically correct, but they are semantically confused to the point that the listener cannot extract any meaning from them. The term is often used in psychiatry as well as in theoretical linguistics to describe a type of grammatical acceptability judgement by native speakers.
Psychiatry
Word salad may describe a symptom of neurological or psychiatric conditions in which a person attempts to communicate an idea, but words and phrases that may appear to be random and unrelated come out in an incoherent sequence instead. Often, the person is unaware that they did not make sense. It appears in people with dementia and schizophrenia,[3] as well as after anoxic brain injury. In schizophrenia, it is called schizophasia.[2] Clang associations are especially characteristic of mania, as seen in bipolar disorder, as a somewhat more severe variation of flight of ideas. In extreme mania, the patient's speech may become incoherent, with associations markedly loosened, thus presenting as a veritable word salad.
It may be present as:
- Clanging, a speech pattern that follows rhyming and other sound associations rather than meaning
- Graphorrhea, a written version of word salad that is more rarely seen than logorrhea in people with schizophrenia[4]
- Logorrhea, a mental condition characterized by excessive talking (incoherent and compulsive)
- Receptive aphasia,[5] fluent in speech but without making sense, often a result of a stroke or other brain injury
See also
- Gibberish
- Paragrammatism, inability to produce or create grammatically correct sentences
- Pressure of speech
- Thought disorder