Reporters Without Borders: Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{short description|International organisation for freedom of the press}}
{{short description|International organisation for freedom of the press}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{EngvarB|date=October 2023}}
{{EngvarB|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox organization
{{Infobox organization
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| native_name              = Reporters Sans Frontières
| native_name              = Reporters Sans Frontières
| native_name_lang        = fr
| native_name_lang        = fr
| image                    = RSF 2020 logo min.svg
| image                    = RSF 2020 logo min (cropped).svg{{!}}class=skin-invert
| image_border            =  
| image_border            =  
| size                    = 200px
| size                    = 220px
| caption                  = Logo since 2020
| caption                  = Logo since 2020
| map                      =  
| map                      =  
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| extinction              =  
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| type                    = [[Nonprofit organisation]], [[non-governmental organisation]] with consultative status at the [[United Nations]]
| type                    = [[Nonprofit organisation]], [[non-governmental organisation]] with consultative status at the [[United Nations]]
| headquarters            = [[Paris]], [[France]]
| headquarters            = [[Paris]], France
| membership              =  
| membership              =  
| leader_title            = Director General
| leader_title            = Director General
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[[File:Torch relay press freedom.jpg|thumb|Protest action in Paris, April 2008, displaying a 'Reporters Without Borders (RSF)' flag depicting the Olympic rings in the form of handcuffs or padlocks, along with the legend 'Beijing 2008']]
[[File:Torch relay press freedom.jpg|thumb|Protest action in Paris, April 2008, displaying a 'Reporters Without Borders (RSF)' flag depicting the Olympic rings in the form of handcuffs or padlocks, along with the legend 'Beijing 2008']]
'''Reporters Without Borders''' ('''RWB'''; {{langx|fr|Reporters sans frontières}}; '''RSF''') is an international [[non-profit]] and [[non-governmental organisation|non-governmental organization]] headquartered in Paris, which focuses on safeguarding the right to [[freedom of information]]. It describes its advocacy as founded on the belief that everyone requires access to the news and information, in line with Article 19 of the [[Universal Declaration of Human Rights]] that recognises the right to receive and share information regardless of frontiers, along with other international rights charters.<ref>RSF Annual Report 2018, p5</ref> RSF has consultative status at the [[United Nations]], [[UNESCO]], the [[Council of Europe]], and the [[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie|International Organisation of the Francophonie]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/presentation|title=Presentation, Reporters Without Borders (RSF), for freedom of information|date=22 January 2016|website=RSF|access-date=20 February 2020|archive-date=21 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421110308/https://rsf.org/en/presentation|url-status=live}}</ref>
'''Reporters Without Borders''' ('''RWB'''; {{langx|fr|Reporters sans frontières}}; '''RSF''') is an international [[non-profit]] and [[non-governmental organisation|non-governmental organization]] headquartered in Paris, which focuses on safeguarding the right to [[freedom of information]]. It describes its advocacy as founded on the belief that everyone requires access to the news and information, in line with Article 19 of the [[Universal Declaration of Human Rights]] that recognises the right to receive and share information regardless of frontiers, along with other international rights charters.<ref>RSF Annual Report 2018, p5</ref> RSF has consultative status at the [[United Nations]], [[UNESCO]], the [[Council of Europe]], and the [[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie|International Organisation of the Francophonie]].<ref name="RSFPresentation">{{Cite web |url=https://rsf.org/en/presentation |title=Presentation, Reporters Without Borders (RSF), for freedom of information |date=22 January 2016 |website=RSF |access-date=20 February 2020 |archive-date=21 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421110308/https://rsf.org/en/presentation |url-status=live}}</ref>


== Activities ==
RSF works on the ground in defence of individual journalists at risk and at the highest levels of government and international forums to defend the right to [[freedom of expression]] and information. It provides daily briefings and press releases on threats to media freedom in [[French language|French]], [[English language|English]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Arabic]], [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[Standard Chinese|Chinese]] and publishes an annual press freedom round up, the [[World Press Freedom Index]], that measures the state of media freedom in 180 countries.<ref>{{Cite news |last=France-Presse |first=Agence |date=2016-04-20 |title='Era of propaganda': press freedom in decline, says Reporters Without Borders |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/apr/20/era-of-propaganda-press-freedom-in-decline-says-reporters-without-borders |access-date=2025-08-21 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The organisation provides assistance to journalists at risk and training in digital and [[physical security]], as well as campaigning to raise public awareness of abuse against journalists and to secure their safety and liberty. RSF lobbies governments and international bodies to adopt standards and legislation in support of media freedom and takes legal action in defence of journalists under threat.<ref>RSF Annual Report 2018, pp14-16</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=August 2025}} In addition, RSF keeps a yearly count of journalists killed on the job.
RSF works on the ground in defence of individual journalists at risk and at the highest levels of government and international forums to defend the right to [[freedom of expression]] and information. It provides daily briefings and press releases on threats to media freedom in [[French language|French]], [[English language|English]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Arabic]], [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[Standard Chinese|Chinese]] and publishes an annual press freedom round up, the [[World Press Freedom Index]], that measures the state of media freedom in 180 countries. The organisation provides assistance to journalists at risk and training in digital and [[physical security]], as well as campaigning to raise public awareness of abuse against journalists and to secure their safety and liberty. RSF lobbies governments and international bodies to adopt standards and legislation in support of media freedom and takes legal action in defence of journalists under threat.<ref>RSF Annual Report 2018, pp14-16</ref> In addition, RSF keeps a yearly count of journalists killed on the job.


To mark [[World Day Against Cyber Censorship]] on 12 March 2020, Reporters Without Borders (RSF) unveiled a list of 20 Digital Predators of Press Freedom and announced that it is unblocking access to a total 21 websites in the sixth year of its Operation [[Collateral freedom|Collateral Freedom]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/2020-world-day-against-cyber-censorship-rsf-compiles-digital-predator-list-unblocks-more-censored|title=2020 World Day Against Cyber-Censorship : RSF compiles Digital Predator list, unblocks more censored websites|website=RSF|date=17 February 2016|access-date=31 March 2020|archive-date=27 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927140952/https://rsf.org/en/2020-world-day-against-cyber-censorship-rsf-compiles-digital-predator-list-unblocks-more-censored|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Organization==
{{Primary sources|section|date=August 2025}}[[File:Reporters Without Borders.svg|thumb|Logo before 2020]]
[[File:Siège de RSF.jpeg|thumb|Head office in [[Paris]]]]
RSF was founded in [[Montpellier]], France, in 1985 by [[Robert Ménard]], Rémy Loury, Jacques Molénat and Émilien Jubineau. It was registered as a non-profit organisation in 1995.<ref name="RSFPresentation"/> Ménard was RSF's first secretary general, succeeded by {{Interlanguage link|Jean-François Julliard|fr|Jean-François Julliard (militant)}}. [[Christophe Deloire]] was appointed secretary-general in 2012, and remained so until his death in June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2012 |title=Christophe Deloire, director general of Reporters Without Borders, died on Saturday, 8 June at the age of 53 |url=https://rsf.org/en/christophe-deloire-director-general-reporters-without-borders-died-saturday-8-june-age-53 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608172111/https://rsf.org/en/christophe-deloire-director-general-reporters-without-borders-died-saturday-8-june-age-53 |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=31 December 2024 |website=RSF}}</ref> Thibaut Bruttin is the current secretary-general, appointed in November 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 November 2024 |title=Thibaut Bruttin appointed secretary-general by Reporters Without Borders' International Council |url=https://rsf.org/en/thibaut-bruttin-appointed-secretary-general-reporters-without-borders-international-council |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126133634/https://rsf.org/en/thibaut-bruttin-appointed-secretary-general-reporters-without-borders-international-council |archive-date=26 November 2024 |access-date=31 December 2024 |website=RSF |language=en}}</ref>


==History==
RSF's head office is based in [[Paris]]. As of 2018, it has 13 regional and national offices, including [[Brussels]], [[London]], [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], [[Berlin]], [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Taipei]] and [[Dakar]], and a network of 146 correspondents with 57 salaried staff in Paris and internationally.<ref>RSF Annual Report 2018, p. 10</ref> As of 2016, a board of governors, elected from RSF's members, approves the organisation's policies,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/administration-board|title=Administration Board|date=26 July 2016|website=RSF|access-date=24 February 2020|archive-date=24 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224180019/https://rsf.org/en/administration-board|url-status=live}}</ref> while an International Council has oversight of its activities and approves the budget.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/international-council|title=International Council|date=26 July 2016|website=RSF|access-date=24 February 2020|archive-date=24 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224180020/https://rsf.org/en/international-council|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Reporters Without Borders.svg|thumb|Previous logo]]
[[File:Siège de RSF.jpeg|thumb|Head office in [[Paris]]]]
RSF was founded in [[Montpellier]], [[France]], in 1985 by [[Robert Ménard]], Rémy Loury, Jacques Molénat and Émilien Jubineau. It was registered as a non-profit organisation in 1995.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/presentation|title=RSF Presentation|date=22 January 2016|website=RSF|access-date=24 February 2020|archive-date=21 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421110308/https://rsf.org/en/presentation|url-status=live}}</ref> Ménard was RSF's first secretary general, succeeded by {{Interlanguage link|Jean-François Julliard|fr|Jean-François Julliard (militant)}}. [[Christophe Deloire]] was appointed secretary-general in 2012, and remained so until his death in June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2012 |title=Christophe Deloire, director general of Reporters Without Borders, died on Saturday, 8 June at the age of 53 |url=https://rsf.org/en/christophe-deloire-director-general-reporters-without-borders-died-saturday-8-june-age-53 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608172111/https://rsf.org/en/christophe-deloire-director-general-reporters-without-borders-died-saturday-8-june-age-53 |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=31 December 2024 |website=RSF}}</ref> Thibaut Bruttin is the current secretary-general, appointed in November 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-25 |title=Thibaut Bruttin appointed secretary-general by Reporters Without Borders' International Council |url=https://rsf.org/en/thibaut-bruttin-appointed-secretary-general-reporters-without-borders-international-council |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126133634/https://rsf.org/en/thibaut-bruttin-appointed-secretary-general-reporters-without-borders-international-council |archive-date=2024-11-26 |access-date=2024-12-31 |website=RSF |language=en}}</ref>


== Structure ==
In August 2025, the [[Prosecutor General of Russia|Office of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation]] declared RSF an "[[Russian undesirable organizations law|undesirable organization]]" in Russia, effectively banning operations within the country.<ref>{{cite news |date=2025-08-14 |title=«Репортеров без границ» и «Группу 36» признали «нежелательными организациями» в России |url=https://ovd.info/express-news/2025/08/14/reporterov-bez-granic-i-gruppu-36-priznali-nezhelatelnymi-organizaciyami-v |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250814215044/https://ovd.info/express-news/2025/08/14/reporterov-bez-granic-i-gruppu-36-priznali-nezhelatelnymi-organizaciyami-v |archive-date=2025-08-14 |access-date=2025-08-14 |work=[[OVD-Info]] |language=ru}}</ref>
RSF's head office is based in [[Paris]]. It has 13 regional and national offices, including [[Brussels]], [[London]], [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], [[Berlin]], [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Taipei]] and [[Dakar]], and a network of 146 correspondents.<ref>RSF Annual Report 2018, pp51-52</ref> It employs 57 salaried staff in Paris and internationally.<ref>RSF Annual Report 2018, p. 10</ref> A board of governors, elected from RSF's members, approves the organisation's policies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/administration-board|title=Administration Board|date=26 July 2016|website=RSF|access-date=24 February 2020|archive-date=24 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224180019/https://rsf.org/en/administration-board|url-status=live}}</ref> An International Council has oversight of the organisation's activities and approves the accounts and budget.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/international-council|title=International Council|date=26 July 2016|website=RSF|access-date=24 February 2020|archive-date=24 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224180020/https://rsf.org/en/international-council|url-status=live}}</ref>


==Advocacy==
==Initiatives==
===World Press Freedom Index===
[[File:Press freedom 2025.svg|400px|thumb|
[[File:Press freedom 2025.svg|400px|thumb|
'''2025 Press Freedom Index'''<ref>{{cite web |year=2025 |title=2025 World Press Freedom Index |url=https://rsf.org/en/index |work=Reporters Without Borders}}</ref>
'''2025 World Press Freedom Index'''<ref>{{cite web |year=2025 |title=2025 World Press Freedom Index |url=https://rsf.org/en/index |work=Reporters Without Borders}}</ref>
{{legend|#005F9A|Good}}
{{legend|#005F9A|Good}}
{{legend|#8EB0D6|Satisfactory}}
{{legend|#8EB0D6|Satisfactory}}
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{{legend|#DCDCDC|Not classified}}]]
{{legend|#DCDCDC|Not classified}}]]


{{Main|Press Freedom Index}}
===World Press Freedom Index===
 
{{Main|World Press Freedom Index|}}
=== Information and Democracy Initiative ===
{{See also|List of sovereign states in Europe by Press Freedom Index|List of freedom indices}}
In 2018, RSF launched the Information and Democracy Commission to introduce new guarantees for freedom of opinion and expression in the global space of information and communication. In a joint mission statement, the commission's presidents, RSF secretary-general [[Christophe Deloire]] and Nobel laureate [[Shirin Ebadi]] identified a range of factors currently threatening that freedom. This includes: political control of the media, subjugation of news and information to private interests, the growing influence of corporate actors, online mass disinformation and the erosion of quality journalism.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/lettre_de_mission_id.pdf|title=Information and Democracy Commission LETTRE DE MISSION|last=Ebadi, Shirin|first=et Christophe Deloire|date=20 July 2018|website=Reporters Without Borders|access-date=18 February 2020|archive-date=18 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218175619/https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/lettre_de_mission_id.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
This Commission published the International Declaration on Information and Democracy to state principles, define objectives and propose forms of governance for the global online space for information and communication.<ref name="RSF-2019">{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/declaration|title=RSF Declaration|website=RSF|date=22 August 2019|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174221/https://rsf.org/en/declaration|url-status=live}}</ref> The Declaration emphasised that corporate entities with a structural function in the global space have duties, especially as regards political and ideological neutrality, pluralism and accountability. It called for recognition of the right to information that is diverse, independent and reliable in order to form opinions freely and participate fully in the democratic debate.<ref name="RSF-2019" />
 
At the [[Paris Peace Forum]] in 2018, 12 countries launched a political process aimed at providing democratic guarantees for news and information and freedom of opinion, based on the principles set out in the Declaration.<ref name="RSF-2019" />


=== Journalism Trust Initiative ===
=== Journalism Trust Initiative ===
{{See also|The Trust Project}}
{{See also|The Trust Project}}
RSF launched the Journalism Trust Initiative (JTI) in 2018 with its partners the [[European Broadcasting Union]] (EBU), [[Agence France-Presse]] (AFP) and the [[Global Editors Network]] (GEN). JTI defines indicators for trustworthy journalism and rewards compliance, bringing tangible benefits for all media outlets and supporting them in creating a healthy space for information. JTI distinguishes itself from similar initiatives by focusing on the process of journalism rather than content alone. Media outlets will be expected to comply with standards that include transparency of ownership, sources of revenue and proof of a range of professional safeguards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-and-partners-launch-public-consultation-journalism-trust-initiative|title=RSF and partners launch a public consultation on the Journalism Trust Initiative|date=2 March 2020|website=RSF|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=15 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115172848/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-and-partners-launch-public-consultation-journalism-trust-initiative|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-23 |title=Colorado Public Radio First U.S. Media to Obtain Journalism Trust Initiative Certification from Alliance for Audited Media |url=https://www.cpr.org/press-release/colorado-public-radio-first-u-s-media-to-obtain-journalism-trust-initiative-certification-from-alliance-for-audited-media/ |access-date=2025-05-02 |website=Colorado Public Radio |language=en}}</ref>
 
RSF launched the Journalism Trust Initiative (JTI) in 2018 with its partners the [[European Broadcasting Union]] (EBU), [[Agence France-Presse]] (AFP) and the [[Global Editors Network]] (GEN).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 March 2020 |title=RSF and partners launch a public consultation on the Journalism Trust Initiative |url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-and-partners-launch-public-consultation-journalism-trust-initiative |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115172848/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-and-partners-launch-public-consultation-journalism-trust-initiative |archive-date=15 January 2020 |access-date=2 March 2020 |website=RSF}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2023 |title=Colorado Public Radio First U.S. Media to Obtain Journalism Trust Initiative Certification from Alliance for Audited Media |url=https://www.cpr.org/press-release/colorado-public-radio-first-u-s-media-to-obtain-journalism-trust-initiative-certification-from-alliance-for-audited-media/ |access-date=2 May 2025 |website=Colorado Public Radio |language=en}}</ref> The indicators focus on [[Media transparency|transparency]], good governance and accountability,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2021 |title=Ethical audits: a powerful tool for enhanced transparency and good governance |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/ethical-audits-powerful-tool-enhanced-transparency-and-good-governance |website=UNESCO}}</ref> and are based on the [[NewsGuard]] rating system.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 5, 2023 |title=RSF With NewsGuard to launch Journalism Trust Initiative (JTI) Emergency Protocol to Support Ukraine’s Quality News Media |url=https://rsf.org/en/rsf-newsguard-launch-journalism-trust-initiative-jti-emergency-protocol-support-ukraine-s-quality |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20251217153346/https://rsf.org/en/rsf-newsguard-launch-journalism-trust-initiative-jti-emergency-protocol-support-ukraine-s-quality |archive-date=Dec 17, 2025 |website=Reporters Without Borders}}</ref> JTI distinguishes itself from similar initiatives by focusing on the process of journalism rather than content alone. JTI standards have been used to inform standards for policies in Canada and the European Union.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watson |first=Lauren |date=2 January 2025 |title=What We're Watching in 2025 |url=https://www.cjr.org/the_media_today/2025_what_watching_journalism_media.php |access-date=8 August 2025 |website=Columbia Journalism Review |language=en}}</ref> As of November 2025, 2,000 media organizations worldwide have registered with JTI.<ref>{{Cite news |date=November 3, 2025 |title=Two thousand media outlets register with the Journalism Trust Initiative (JTI) worldwide, cementing the first international standard for transparent journalism |url=https://rsf.org/en/jti-2000-media-involved |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20251217182836/https://rsf.org/en/jti-2000-media-involved |archive-date=December 17, 2025}}</ref>


=== Actions ===
=== Actions ===
RSF's defence of journalistic freedom includes international missions, the publication of country reports, training of journalists and public protests.
RSF's defence of journalistic freedom includes international missions, the publication of country reports, training of journalists and public protests.


In this function RSF publishes the [[Munich Charter]], an authoritative document which clarifies the "Rights and Obligations" of Journalists. The Charter was developed by the [[Deutscher Journalisten-Verband|German Journalist Association]], published in Munich 1971, and is accepted as authoritative within the profession. It was later adopted by most journalists' unions in Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://training.rsf.org/appendix-iii-declaration-of-rights-and-obligations-of-journalists/|title=Declaraion of Rights and Obligations of Journalists|website=RSF|access-date=1 August 2023}}</ref>
RSF has published the [[Munich Charter]], an authoritative document which clarifies the "Rights and Obligations" of Journalists. The Charter was initially developed by the [[Deutscher Journalisten-Verband|German Journalist Association]] and first published in Munich 1971, and is accepted as authoritative within the profession. It was later adopted by most journalists' unions in Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://training.rsf.org/appendix-iii-declaration-of-rights-and-obligations-of-journalists/|title=Declaration of Rights and Obligations of Journalists|website=RSF|access-date=1 August 2023}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=August 2025}}
 
During 2017, some global advocacy and practical interventions included: opening a centre for women journalists in Afghanistan, a creative protest with street-artist C215 in Strasbourg for Turkish journalists in detention, turning off the Eiffel Tower lights in tribute to murdered Saudi journalist [[Jamal Kashoggi]] and providing training to journalists and bloggers in Syria.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-02 |title=Eiffel Tower goes dark in memory of murdered journalists - Extra.ie |url=https://extra.ie/2018/11/02/business/eiffel-tower-dark-murdered-journalists |access-date=2025-10-29 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-opens-first-center-protection-afghan-women-journalists|title=RSF opens first center for the protection of Afghan women journalists|website=RSF|date=6 March 2017|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=9 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709223307/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-opens-first-center-protection-afghan-women-journalists|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/campaigns/turkeys-imprisoned-journalists-pin-hopes-european-court|title=Turkey's imprisoned journalists pin hopes on European Court|website=RSF|date=29 May 2017|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174256/https://rsf.org/en/campaigns/turkeys-imprisoned-journalists-pin-hopes-european-court|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-blacks-out-eiffel-tower-slain-journalists-month-after-khashoggi-death|title=RSF blacks out Eiffel Tower for slain journalists, a month after Khashoggi death|website=RSF|date=November 2018|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174222/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-blacks-out-eiffel-tower-slain-journalists-month-after-khashoggi-death|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=August 2025}}
 
In July 2018, RSF sent a mission to Saudi Arabia to call for the release of 30 journalists.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/07/media-watchdog-visits-saudi-arabia-free-journalists-190710140441330.html|title=Media watchdog visits Saudi Arabia to free journalists|date=10 July 2019|website=Al Jazeera|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174221/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/07/media-watchdog-visits-saudi-arabia-free-journalists-190710140441330.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The organisation publishes a gallery of Predators of Press Freedom, highlighting the most egregious international violators of press freedom.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/portraits/predator?page=1|title=Predators gallery|website=RSF|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102074508/https://rsf.org/en/portraits/predator?page=1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Reporter |first=Staff |date=2022-08-21 |title=Media freedom in peril in India, says Satheesan |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/media-freedom-in-peril-in-india-says-satheesan/article65794399.ece |access-date=2025-08-16 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-13 |title=Hungary Paid Dennis Prager $30,000 for an Hour of Appearances at Far-Right 'Education' Conference |url=https://www.splcenter.org/resources/hatewatch/hungary-paid-dennis-prager-30000-hour-appearances-far-right-education-conference/ |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=India: Tax raids expose government's media intimidation – DW – 07/27/2021 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/india-tax-raids-expose-governments-media-intimidation/a-58656617 |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=dw.com |language=en}}</ref> It also has maintained an online Press Freedom Barometer, monitoring the number of journalists, media workers and citizen journalists killed or imprisoned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/barometer|title=Barometer|website=RSF|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=21 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221050126/https://rsf.org/en/barometer|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-03 |title=Freedom of Expression in Pakistan Continues to Face Challenges |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/freedom-expression-pakistan-continues-face-challenges/4376718.html |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=Voice of America |language=en}}</ref> Its programme Operation Collateral Freedom, launched in 2014, provides alternative access to censored websites by creating mirror sites: 22 sites have been unblocked in 12 countries, including Iran, China, Saudi Arabia and Vietnam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/collateralfreedom-rsf-unblocks-22-sites-censored-their-own-country|title=#CollateralFreedom: RSF unblocks 22 sites censored in their own country|website=RSF|date=11 March 2019|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=27 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927005844/https://rsf.org/en/news/collateralfreedom-rsf-unblocks-22-sites-censored-their-own-country|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-03-12 |title=Access to blocked sites restored by Reporters Without Borders |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-31836330 |access-date=2025-08-16 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-16 |title=How Putin's war has changed journalism in exile |url=https://corporate.dw.com/en/one-year-in-how-putins-war-has-changed-journalism-in-exile/a-64708915 |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=Deutsche Welle |language=en}}</ref> RSF offers grants to journalists at risk and supports media workers in need of refuge and protection.
 
To mark [[World Day Against Cyber Censorship]] on 12 March 2020, Reporters Without Borders (RSF) unveiled a list of 20 Digital Predators of Press Freedom and announced that it is unblocking access to a total 21 websites in the sixth year of its Operation [[Collateral freedom|Collateral Freedom]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2016 |title=2020 World Day Against Cyber-Censorship : RSF compiles Digital Predator list, unblocks more censored websites |url=https://rsf.org/en/2020-world-day-against-cyber-censorship-rsf-compiles-digital-predator-list-unblocks-more-censored |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927140952/https://rsf.org/en/2020-world-day-against-cyber-censorship-rsf-compiles-digital-predator-list-unblocks-more-censored |archive-date=27 September 2020 |access-date=31 March 2020 |website=RSF}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Beaumont |first=Peter |date=2020-03-12 |title=List of world's worst 'digital predators' stretches from India and Brazil to US |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/mar/12/list-of-worlds-worst-digital-predators-stretches-from-india-and-brazil-to-us |access-date=2025-08-16 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
 
On 21 April 2020, the RSF based in [[Paris]] said that the pandemic had amplified and highlighted many crises and over shadowed freedom of the press. The high representative of the EU, [[Josep Borrell]], stated that the pandemic should not be used to justify the limitation of democratic and civil freedoms and that the rule of law and international commitments should be respected. He said freedom of speech and access to information should not be limited and that measures taken against the pandemic should not be used to restrict human rights advocates, reporters, media staff and institutions of civil societies.<ref>{{cite news |date=21 April 2020 |title=Coronavirus pandemic 'amplifies press freedom threats' |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200421-coronavirus-pandemic-amplifies-press-freedom-threats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200429060234/https://www.france24.com/en/20200421-coronavirus-pandemic-amplifies-press-freedom-threats |archive-date=29 April 2020 |access-date=21 September 2020 |agency=FRANCE24}}</ref><ref name=":82">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-19 |title=RSF condemns rise in attacks on UK-based Iranian journalists and their families in Iran {{!}} RSF |url=https://rsf.org/en/rsf-condemns-rise-attacks-uk-based-iranian-journalists-and-their-families-iran |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=rsf.org |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-04-17 |title="Watch out because we're coming for you": An RSF report on unprecedented transnational repression of Iranian journalists in the UK {{!}} RSF |url=https://rsf.org/en/watch-out-because-we-re-coming-you-rsf-report-unprecedented-transnational-repression-iranian |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=rsf.org |language=en}}</ref>[[File:Can Dündar prix RSF Strasbourg 17 novembre 2015.jpg|thumb|''[[Cumhuriyet]]''<nowiki/>'s former editor-in-chief [[Can Dündar]] receiving the 2015 RSF Prize. Shortly thereafter, he was arrested.]]


Recent global advocacy and practical interventions have included: opening a centre for women journalists in Afghanistan in 2017, a creative protest with street-artist C215 in Strasbourg for Turkish journalists in detention, turning off the Eiffel Tower lights in tribute to murdered Saudi journalist [[Jamal Kashoggi]] and providing training to journalists and bloggers in Syria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-opens-first-center-protection-afghan-women-journalists|title=RSF opens first center for the protection of Afghan women journalists|website=RSF|date=6 March 2017|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=9 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709223307/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-opens-first-center-protection-afghan-women-journalists|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/campaigns/turkeys-imprisoned-journalists-pin-hopes-european-court|title=Turkey's imprisoned journalists pin hopes on European Court|website=RSF|date=29 May 2017|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174256/https://rsf.org/en/campaigns/turkeys-imprisoned-journalists-pin-hopes-european-court|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-blacks-out-eiffel-tower-slain-journalists-month-after-khashoggi-death|title=RSF blacks out Eiffel Tower for slain journalists, a month after Khashoggi death|website=RSF|date=November 2018|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174222/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-blacks-out-eiffel-tower-slain-journalists-month-after-khashoggi-death|url-status=live}}</ref> In July 2018, RSF sent a mission to Saudi Arabia to call for the release of 30 journalists.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/07/media-watchdog-visits-saudi-arabia-free-journalists-190710140441330.html|title=Media watchdog visits Saudi Arabia to free journalists|date=10 July 2019|website=Al Jazeera|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174221/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/07/media-watchdog-visits-saudi-arabia-free-journalists-190710140441330.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The organisation publishes a gallery of Predators of Press Freedom, highlighting the most egregious international violators of press freedom.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/portraits/predator?page=1|title=Predators gallery|website=RSF|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102074508/https://rsf.org/en/portraits/predator?page=1|url-status=live}}</ref> It also maintains an online Press Freedom Barometer, monitoring the number of journalists, media workers and citizen journalists killed or imprisoned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/barometer|title=Barometer|website=RSF|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=21 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221050126/https://rsf.org/en/barometer|url-status=live}}</ref> Its programme Operation Collateral Freedom, launched in 2014, provides alternative access to censored websites by creating mirror sites: 22 sites have been unblocked in 12 countries, including Iran, China, Saudi Arabia and Vietnam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/collateralfreedom-rsf-unblocks-22-sites-censored-their-own-country|title=#CollateralFreedom: RSF unblocks 22 sites censored in their own country|website=RSF|date=11 March 2019|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=27 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927005844/https://rsf.org/en/news/collateralfreedom-rsf-unblocks-22-sites-censored-their-own-country|url-status=live}}</ref> RSF offers grants to journalists at risk and supports media workers in need of refuge and protection.[[File:Can Dündar prix RSF Strasbourg 17 novembre 2015.jpg|thumb|''[[Cumhuriyet]]''<nowiki/>'s former editor-in-chief [[Can Dündar]] receiving the 2015 RSF Prize. Shortly thereafter, he was arrested.]]
On 22 December 2023, RSF filed a complaint with the [[International Criminal Court]] over the [[Killing of journalists in the Gaza war|killing]] of seven Palestinian journalists, including [[Samer Abu Daqqa]].<ref>{{cite news |title=RSF files second war crimes complaint with ICC over Gaza journalists killed |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/22/rsf-files-second-war-crimes-complaint-with-icc-over-gaza-journalists-killed |work=Al Jazeera |date=22 December 2023}}</ref>
 
In March 2025 the release of four journalists were named by RWB as one of that year's priority campaign. They were [[Frenchie Mae Cumpio]] of the Philippines, [[Sandra Muhoza]] of Burundi, [[Sevinj Vagifgizi]] of Azerbaijan and [[Phạm Đoan Trang]] of Vietnam.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-09 |title=RSF kêu gọi trả tự do cho Phạm Đoan Trang & ba nhà báo khác trong chiến dịch 2025 |url=https://www.rfa.org/vietnamese/chinh-tri/2025/03/09/rsf-keu-goi-tra-tu-do-do-nha-bao-doan-trang/ |access-date=2025-09-22 |website=Tiếng Việt |language=vi}}</ref>


=== Prizes ===
=== Prizes ===
RSF's annual Press Freedom Prize, created in 1992, honours courageous and independent journalists who have faced threats or imprisonment for their work and who have challenged the abuse of power. TV5-Monde is a partner in the prize.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}[[File:Tunisia24.jpg|thumb|RWB 2011 Netizen Prize]]A [[Netizen]] Prize was introduced in 2010, in partnership with Google, recognising individuals, including bloggers and cyber-dissidents, who have advanced freedom of information online through investigative reporting or other initiatives.{{cite web |title=Our Prizes RSF |url=https://rsf.org/en/our-prizes#entr0 |date=2024-04-25 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20240425082004/https://rsf.org/en/our-prizes%23entr0 |archivedate=2024-04-25}}
In 2018, RSF launched new categories for the Press Freedom Prize: courage, independence and impact.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}


Every few years, RSF also distributes [[Press freedom predator]] anti-awards.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/7/7/pakistan-imran-khan-press-freedom-predator|title = Pakistan rejects naming of PM Khan as press freedom 'predator' |work=www.aljazeera.com |date=7 July 2021 |access-date=10 February 2023}}</ref>
==== Press Freedom Prize ====
RSF's annual Press Freedom Prize, created in 1992, honours courageous and independent journalists who have faced threats or imprisonment for their work and who have challenged the abuse of power.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mioli |first=Teresa |date=2017-10-27 |title=Colombian, Mexican and Salvadoran journalists and media outlets among nominees for RSF-TV5 Press Freedom Prize |url=https://latamjournalismreview.org/articles/colombian-mexican-and-salvadoran-journalists-and-media-outlets-among-nominees-for-rsf-tv5-press-freedom-prize/ |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=LatAm Journalism Review by the Knight Center |language=en}}</ref> [[TV5Monde]] and [[Le Monde]] have previously been partners in the prize.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-20 |title=Reporters Without Borders Honors Afghan Newspaper, Syrian Journalist |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/afghan-newspaper-syrian-journalist-media-freedom-award/24803597.html |access-date=2025-08-16 |work=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |language=en}}</ref>[[File:Tunisia24.jpg|thumb|RWB 2011 Netizen Prize]]In 2018, RSF launched new categories for the Press Freedom Prize: courage, independence and impact.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}


==== Press Freedom Prizewinners, 1992–2020 ====
'''Winners:'''
* 1992 Zlatko Dizdarevic, Bosnia-Herzegovina
* 1992 Zlatko Dizdarevic, Bosnia-Herzegovina
* 1993 [[Wang Juntao]], China
* 1993 [[Wang Juntao]], China
Line 106: Line 107:
* 2014 [[Sanjuana Martínez]], Mexico; [[FrontPage Africa]], Liberia; [[Raif Badawi]], Saudi Arabia
* 2014 [[Sanjuana Martínez]], Mexico; [[FrontPage Africa]], Liberia; [[Raif Badawi]], Saudi Arabia
* 2015 [[Zaina Erhaim|Zeina Erhaim]], Syria; [[Zone 9 bloggers|Zone9]], Ethiopia; [[Cumhuriyet]], Turkey
* 2015 [[Zaina Erhaim|Zeina Erhaim]], Syria; [[Zone 9 bloggers|Zone9]], Ethiopia; [[Cumhuriyet]], Turkey
* 2016 [[Hadi al-Abdullah|Hadi Abdullah]], Syria; [[64Tianwang]], China; Lu Yuyu and Li Tingyu, China
* 2016 [[Hadi al-Abdullah|Hadi Abdullah]], Syria; [[64Tianwang]], China; Lu Yuyu and Li Tingyu, China<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-11-09 |title=Chinese Activists Welcome Press Freedom Award to Bloggers, Rights Website |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/media-award-11092016145040.html |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=Radio Free Asia |language=en}}</ref>
* 2017 [[Tomasz Piątek]], Poland; {{Interlanguage link|Medyascope|tr|Medyascope}}, Turkey; [[Soheil Arabi]], Iran
* 2017 [[Tomasz Piątek]], Poland; {{Interlanguage link|Medyascope|tr|Medyascope}}, Turkey; [[Soheil Arabi]], Iran
* 2018 [[Swati Chaturvedi]], India; [https://hrdworldsummit.org/portfolio-item/matthew-caruana-galizia/, Matthew Caruana Galizia], Malta; [[Inday Espina-Varona]]; Philippines; [[Carole Cadwalladr]], United Kingdom
* 2018 [[Swati Chaturvedi]], India; [https://hrdworldsummit.org/portfolio-item/matthew-caruana-galizia/, Matthew Caruana Galizia], Malta; [[Inday Espina-Varona]]; Philippines; [[Carole Cadwalladr]], United Kingdom
* 2019 [[Eman al-Nafjan|Eman al Nafjan]], Saudi Arabia; [[Phạm Đoan Trang|Pham Doan Trang]], Vietnam; [[Caroline Muscat]], Malta
* 2019 [[Eman al-Nafjan|Eman al Nafjan]], Saudi Arabia; [[Phạm Đoan Trang|Pham Doan Trang]], Vietnam; [[Caroline Muscat]], Malta<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-13 |title=Vietnamese Blogger Wins Press Freedom Award |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/press-freedom_vietnamese-blogger-wins-press-freedom-award/6175798.html |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=Voice of America |language=en}}</ref>
* 2020 [[Lina Attalah]], Egypt; [[Elena Milashina]], Belarus; [[Jimmy Lai]], Hong Kong
* 2020 [[Lina Attalah]], Egypt; [[Elena Milashina]], Belarus; [[Jimmy Lai]], Hong Kong
* 2021 [[Zhang Zhan]], China; [[Pegasus Project (investigation)|Pegasus Project]] of the network [[Forbidden Stories]], France; [[Majdoleen Hassona]], Palestine
* 2021 [[Zhang Zhan]], China; [[Pegasus Project (investigation)|Pegasus Project]] of the network [[Forbidden Stories]], France; [[Majdoleen Hassona]], Palestine
'''''Netizen Prize'''''


==== Netizen Prize ====
A [[World Day Against Cyber Censorship#Netizen Prize|Netizen Prize]] was introduced in 2010, in partnership with Google, recognising individuals, including bloggers and cyber-dissidents, who have advanced freedom of information online through investigative reporting or other initiatives.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ryan |first=Yasmine |title=Dissident blog true to form |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2011/5/13/tunisias-dissident-blog-stays-true-to-form |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref>
== Publications ==
In addition to its country, regional and thematic reports, RSF publishes a photography book 100 Photos for Press Freedom three times a year as a tool for advocacy and a fundraiser. It is a significant source of income for the organisation, raising nearly a quarter of its funds in 2018:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://boutique.rsf.org/collections/albums-photos|title=Albums Photo|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=9 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200309091711/https://boutique.rsf.org/collections/albums-photos|url-status=live}}</ref>


=== Selected reports ===
==== ''Press freedom predator list'' ====
*2016 Freedom of expression under state of emergency, Turkey (with ARTICLE 19 and others)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/reports/turkey-you-cannot-report-news-under-state-emergency|title=Turkey: "You cannot report the news under the state of emergency|date=5 October 2016|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=25 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925112324/https://rsf.org/en/reports/turkey-you-cannot-report-news-under-state-emergency|url-status=dead|publisher=Reporters Without Borders}}</ref>
RSF also lists the world's worst [[Press freedom predator|press freedom 'predators']] every few years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 July 2021 |title=Pakistan rejects naming of PM Khan as press freedom 'predator' |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/7/7/pakistan-imran-khan-press-freedom-predator |access-date=10 February 2023 |work=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref>
*2016 When oligarchs go shopping<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/reports/media-when-oligarchs-go-shopping-rsfs-latest-report|title="Media: when oligarchs go shopping" – RSF's latest report|date=20 July 2016|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=23 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223080013/https://rsf.org/en/reports/media-when-oligarchs-go-shopping-rsfs-latest-report|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2017 Who owns the media?<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/who-owns-media-france|title=Who owns the media in France?|date=8 December 2017|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=13 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813205915/https://rsf.org/en/news/who-owns-media-france|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2017 Media Ownership Monitor, [[Ukraine]] (with Ukrainian Institute of Mass Information)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/reports/media-ownership-ukraine-informal-influence-through-murky-business-schemes|title=Media Ownership in Ukraine: informal influence through murky business schemes|date=9 October 2017|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=21 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921135253/https://rsf.org/en/reports/media-ownership-ukraine-informal-influence-through-murky-business-schemes|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2018 Women's Rights: forbidden subject<ref name="RSF shines light on-2018">{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-shines-light-forbidden-coverage-womens-rights|title=RSF shines light on "forbidden coverage" of women's rights|date=1 March 2018|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=8 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408070425/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-shines-light-forbidden-coverage-womens-rights|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2018 Journalists: the bête noire of organised crime<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/reports/rsf-report-journalists-who-are-targeted-organized-crime|title=RSF report on journalists who are targeted by organized crime|date=26 November 2018|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=12 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812023440/https://rsf.org/en/reports/rsf-report-journalists-who-are-targeted-organized-crime|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2018 Cambodia: independent press in ruins<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-publishes-report-media-freedom-under-attack-cambodia|title=RSF publishes report on media freedom under attack in Cambodia|date=13 February 2018|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=23 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423093956/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-publishes-report-media-freedom-under-attack-cambodia|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2018 Women's rights: forbidden subject<ref name="RSF shines light on-2018" />
*2019 China's Pursuit of a New World Order Media<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/reports/rsf-report-chinas-pursuit-new-world-media-order|title=RSF Report: "China's Pursuit of a New World Media Order"|date=22 March 2019|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=29 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200529221221/https://rsf.org/en/reports/rsf-report-chinas-pursuit-new-world-media-order|url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2019 Media Ownership Monitor, [[Pakistan]] (with Freedom Network)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/media-ownership-monitor-pakistan-high-risk-country-terms-media-pluralism|title=Media Ownership Monitor: Pakistan a high-risk country in terms of media pluralism|date=18 July 2019|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=13 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213180447/https://rsf.org/en/news/media-ownership-monitor-pakistan-high-risk-country-terms-media-pluralism|url-status=live}}</ref>


* 2010 Change for Equality website, www.we-change.org, women's rights activists, Iran
== Publications ==
* 2011: Nawaat.org, bloggers, Tunisia
{{See also|The Uncensored Library}}
* 2012: [[Local Coordination Committees of Syria]], media centre, citizen journalists and activists, Syria
In addition to its country, regional and thematic reports, RSF publishes a photography book 100 Photos for Press Freedom as a tool for advocacy and a fundraiser.<ref>{{Cite web |last=swissinfo.ch |first=S. W. I. |date=2012-05-03 |title=Press freedom under threat |url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/aging-society/press-freedom-under-threat/32586718 |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=SWI swissinfo.ch |language=en}}</ref> The organization says it raised nearly a quarter of its funds in 2018 from book sales.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://boutique.rsf.org/collections/albums-photos|title=Albums Photo|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=9 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200309091711/https://boutique.rsf.org/collections/albums-photos|url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2013: Huynh Ngoc Chenh, blogger, Vietnam<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2013 |title=Reporters Without Borders Awards Vietnamese blogger Huynh Ngoc Chenh {{!}} Reporters without borders |url=https://rsf.org/en/news/reporters-without-borders-awards-vietnamese-blogger-huynh-ngoc-chenh |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117225453/https://rsf.org/en/news/reporters-without-borders-awards-vietnamese-blogger-huynh-ngoc-chenh |archive-date=17 January 2021 |access-date=18 December 2020 |website=RSF |language=en}}</ref>
* 2014: [[Raif Badawi]], blogger, Saudi Arabia
* 2015: [[Zone 9 bloggers|Zone9]], blogger collective, Ethiopia
* 2016: Lu Yuyu and Li Tingyu, citizen journalists, China<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 August 2017 |title=Lu Yuyu and Li Tingyu, the activists who put non news in the news |url=https://clb.org.hk/content/lu-yuyu-and-li-tingyu-activists-who-put-non-news-news |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324223031/https://clb.org.hk/content/lu-yuyu-and-li-tingyu-activists-who-put-non-news-news |archive-date=24 March 2020 |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=CLB}}</ref>


=== Annual reports ===
=== Annual reports ===
RSF issues a report annually. RSF said that 110 journalists were killed in the course of their work in 2015.<ref>{{cite web |date=2015 |title=One of the most oppressive countries |url=https://rsf.org/en/iran |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119053026/https://rsf.org/en/iran |archive-date=19 January 2018 |access-date=24 June 2020 |website=rsf.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 December 2015 |title=گزارشگران بدون مرز: ایران رتبه سوم جهان را در زندانی کردن روزنامه نگاران دارد |trans-title=Reporters Without Borders: Iran ranks third in the world in imprisoning journalists |url=https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2015/12/151215_nm_rsf_journalism |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161214154157/http://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2015/12/151215_nm_rsf_journalism |archive-date=14 December 2016 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=BBC News فارسی |language=fa}}</ref> In 2016, RSF stated that, there were 348 imprisoned journalists and 52 hostages. Nearly two-thirds of imprisoned journalists were in [[Turkey]], China, [[Syria]], [[Egypt]] and Iran.<ref>{{cite web |date=2016 |title=Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2016 |url=https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/press_freedom.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513021935/https://nationsonline.org/oneworld/press_freedom.htm |archive-date=13 May 2020 |access-date=23 June 2020 |website=nationsonline.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2016 |title=Iran Ranked 169th on 2016 World Press Freedom Index |url=https://www.journalismisnotacrime.com/en/features/1168/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629214123/https://www.journalismisnotacrime.com/en/features/1168/ |archive-date=29 June 2020 |access-date=23 June 2020 |website=journalismisnotacrime}}</ref> RSF's 2018 report stated that over 80 journalists were killed, 348 were currently imprisoned, and another 60 were being held hostage.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iranian journalists sentenced to imprisonment, flogging |url=https://www.refworld.org/publisher,RSF,,IRN,5bc6ef204,0.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617165036/https://www.refworld.org/publisher,RSF,,IRN,5bc6ef204,0.html/ |archive-date=17 June 2020 |access-date=30 August 2018 |website=refworld.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 December 2018 |title=RSF's 2018 round-up of deadly attacks and abuses against journalists – figures up in all categories |url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsfs-2018-round-deadly-attacks-and-abuses-against-journalists-figures-all-categories |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200530054514/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsfs-2018-round-deadly-attacks-and-abuses-against-journalists-figures-all-categories |archive-date=30 May 2020 |access-date=18 December 2018 |website=rsf.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2018 |title=2020 WORLD PRESS FREEDOM INDEX MAP PRESENTATION INDEX DETAILS ANALYSES METHODOLOGY |url=https://rsf.org/en/ranking/2018# |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610224246/https://rsf.org/en/ranking/2018 |archive-date=10 June 2020 |access-date=17 June 2020 |website=rsf.org}}</ref>
RSF issues a report annually. RSF said that 110 journalists were killed in the course of their work in 2015.<ref>{{cite web |date=2015 |title=One of the most oppressive countries |url=https://rsf.org/en/iran |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119053026/https://rsf.org/en/iran |archive-date=19 January 2018 |access-date=24 June 2020 |website=rsf.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 December 2015 |title=گزارشگران بدون مرز: ایران رتبه سوم جهان را در زندانی کردن روزنامه نگاران دارد |trans-title=Reporters Without Borders: Iran ranks third in the world in imprisoning journalists |url=https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2015/12/151215_nm_rsf_journalism |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161214154157/http://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2015/12/151215_nm_rsf_journalism |archive-date=14 December 2016 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=BBC News فارسی |language=fa}}</ref> In 2016, RSF stated that, there were 348 imprisoned journalists and 52 hostages. Nearly two-thirds of imprisoned journalists were in [[Turkey]], China, [[Syria]], [[Egypt]] and Iran.<ref>{{cite web |date=2016 |title=Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2016 |url=https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/press_freedom.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513021935/https://nationsonline.org/oneworld/press_freedom.htm |archive-date=13 May 2020 |access-date=23 June 2020 |website=nationsonline.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2016 |title=Iran Ranked 169th on 2016 World Press Freedom Index |url=https://www.journalismisnotacrime.com/en/features/1168/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629214123/https://www.journalismisnotacrime.com/en/features/1168/ |archive-date=29 June 2020 |access-date=23 June 2020 |website=journalismisnotacrime}}</ref> RSF's 2018 report stated that over 80 journalists were killed, 348 were currently imprisoned, and another 60 were being held hostage.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iranian journalists sentenced to imprisonment, flogging |url=https://www.refworld.org/publisher,RSF,,IRN,5bc6ef204,0.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617165036/https://www.refworld.org/publisher,RSF,,IRN,5bc6ef204,0.html/ |archive-date=17 June 2020 |access-date=30 August 2018 |website=refworld.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 December 2018 |title=RSF's 2018 round-up of deadly attacks and abuses against journalists – figures up in all categories |url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsfs-2018-round-deadly-attacks-and-abuses-against-journalists-figures-all-categories |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200530054514/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsfs-2018-round-deadly-attacks-and-abuses-against-journalists-figures-all-categories |archive-date=30 May 2020 |access-date=18 December 2018 |website=rsf.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2018 |title=2020 WORLD PRESS FREEDOM INDEX MAP PRESENTATION INDEX DETAILS ANALYSES METHODOLOGY |url=https://rsf.org/en/ranking/2018# |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610224246/https://rsf.org/en/ranking/2018 |archive-date=10 June 2020 |access-date=17 June 2020 |website=rsf.org}}</ref>
=== Statements ===
On 22 February 2020, RSF issued a statement condemning the IRGC's call for journalists to be detained in Iran. [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps|IRGC]] intelligence has summoned some journalists{{clarify|date=January 2021}} and banned any media activities. Reporters Without Borders described the IRGC's intelligence action as "arbitrary and illegal" and aimed at "preventing journalists from being informed on social media."<ref>{{cite web |title=Iran's War on Journalism and Journalists |url=https://www.unitedagainstnucleariran.com/irans-war-on-journalism-and-journalists |website=United Against Nuclear Iran |access-date=7 January 2021 |language=en |archive-date=8 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208192313/https://www.unitedagainstnucleariran.com/irans-war-on-journalism-and-journalists |url-status=live }}</ref>
On 21 April 2020, the RSF based in [[Paris]] said that the pandemic had amplified and highlighted many crises and over shadowed freedom of the press. The high representative of the EU, [[Josep Borrell]], stated that the pandemic should not be used to justify the limitation of democratic and civil freedoms and that the rule of law and international commitments should be respected. He said freedom of speech and access to information should not be limited and that measures taken against the pandemic should not be used to restrict human rights advocates, reporters, media staff and institutions of civil societies.<ref>{{cite news |title=Coronavirus pandemic 'amplifies press freedom threats' |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200421-coronavirus-pandemic-amplifies-press-freedom-threats |agency=FRANCE24 |date=21 April 2020 |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=29 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200429060234/https://www.france24.com/en/20200421-coronavirus-pandemic-amplifies-press-freedom-threats |url-status=live }}</ref>
On 25 June 2020, RSF issued a statement entitled "Enforced online repentance, Iran's new method of repression". According to the report, the [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps|Revolutionary Guards]] summoned a number of journalists, writers and human rights activists and threatened to detain them, forcing them to express their regrets or apologies for publishing their comments in cyberspace in order to silence them.<ref name="EOL">{{cite web |title=Enforced online repentance, Iran's new method of repression |url=https://rsf.org/en/news/enforced-online-repentance-irans-new-method-repression |website=rsf.org |date=25 June 2020 |access-date=26 June 2020 |archive-date=27 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627070612/https://rsf.org/en/news/enforced-online-repentance-irans-new-method-repression |url-status=live }}</ref>{{clarify|date=January 2021}}
== Funding ==
RSF's budget for 2022 totalled €8m. 52% of the organisation's income comes from the state sector; 22% from foundations; 12% from commercial activities; 11% from sponsorships and public donations.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rsf.org/en/finance-and-supports |title=Finance and Supporters |website=rsf.org |date=25 May 2018 }}</ref> Foundations supporting RSF's work through services include the [[American Express]], the [[Société Générale]], the [[Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency]], and [[Ford Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rsf.org/en/our-supporters |title=Our Supporters |website=rsf.org |date=22 January 2016}}</ref>
In 2005 RSF was reported by ''[[The Guardian]]'' to have been criticised by left-wing writer Diana Barahona for accepting funding from the [[National Endowment for Democracy]] in the US and the [[Center for a Free Cuba]]. She accused RSF of being part of “a [[neocon]] crusade” against [[Fidel Castro]]'s [[Government of Cuba]]. In response, Secretary-general Robert Ménard stated that funding from NED totalled 0.92 per cent of RSF's budget and was used to support African journalists and their families.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/may/19/pressandpublishing.usnews |title=Bias claim against reporters' group |last=Campbell|first=Duncan |date=19 May 2005 |website=The Guardian |access-date=5 March 2020 |archive-date=7 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207115429/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/may/19/pressandpublishing.usnews |url-status=live}}</ref> RSF ceased its relationship with the Center for a Free Cuba in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/reporters-without-borders-keeps-unesco-consultative-status-condemns-disinformation|title=Reporters Without Borders keeps UNESCO consultative status, condemns disinformation|date=13 March 2012|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225084049/https://rsf.org/en/news/reporters-without-borders-keeps-unesco-consultative-status-condemns-disinformation|url-status=live}}</ref>


== Recognitions ==
== Recognitions ==
Line 156: Line 131:
* 1992: received the "[[Lorenzo Natali Prize]]" from the [[European Commission]] for defending human rights and democracy.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 October 2002 |title=Previous Natali Prize winners |url=https://www.ifj.org/index.php?id=41&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=503&cHash=d4bcf31f52c04bf25a84d1122d0caf0a |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=International Federation of Journalists |language=en}}</ref>
* 1992: received the "[[Lorenzo Natali Prize]]" from the [[European Commission]] for defending human rights and democracy.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 October 2002 |title=Previous Natali Prize winners |url=https://www.ifj.org/index.php?id=41&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=503&cHash=d4bcf31f52c04bf25a84d1122d0caf0a |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=International Federation of Journalists |language=en}}</ref>
* 1997: received the "Journalism and Democracy Prize" from the Parliament Assembly of the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]] (OSCE).<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 1999 |title=OSCE journalism prize awarded to Christiane Amanpour |url=https://www.osce.org/pa/52423 |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=OSCE |language=en}}</ref>
* 1997: received the "Journalism and Democracy Prize" from the Parliament Assembly of the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]] (OSCE).<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 1999 |title=OSCE journalism prize awarded to Christiane Amanpour |url=https://www.osce.org/pa/52423 |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=OSCE |language=en}}</ref>
* 1999: received the prize "Archivio Disarmo - {{Interlanguage link|Golden Doves for Peace|it|Colombe d'Oro per la Pace}}" from {{Interlanguage link|IRIAD|it|Istituto di Ricerche Internazionali Archivio Disarmo}}. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Golden Doves for Peace |url=https://www.archiviodisarmo.it/golden-doves-for-peace.html |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=www.archiviodisarmo.it}}</ref>
* 1999: received the prize "Archivio Disarmo - {{Interlanguage link|Golden Doves for Peace|it|Colombe d'Oro per la Pace}}" from {{Interlanguage link|IRIAD|it|Istituto di Ricerche Internazionali Archivio Disarmo}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Golden Doves for Peace |url=https://www.archiviodisarmo.it/golden-doves-for-peace.html |access-date=29 April 2025 |website=www.archiviodisarmo.it}}</ref>
* 2005: shared the [[European Parliament]]'s [[Sakharov Prize]] for "Freedom of Thought" with Nigerian human rights lawyer [[Hauwa Ibrahim]] and Cuba's [[Ladies in White]] movement.<ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+IM-PRESS+20051017FCS01528+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN "Ladies, Ibrahim and Reporters joint Sakharov prize winners"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620033601/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2F%2FEP%2F%2FTEXT+IM-PRESS+20051017FCS01528+0+DOC+XML+V0%2F%2FEN |date=20 June 2020 }}, European Parliament, 27 June 2006</ref>
* 2005: shared the [[European Parliament]]'s [[Sakharov Prize]] for "Freedom of Thought" with Nigerian human rights lawyer [[Hauwa Ibrahim]] and Cuba's [[Ladies in White]] movement.<ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+IM-PRESS+20051017FCS01528+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN "Ladies, Ibrahim and Reporters joint Sakharov prize winners"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620033601/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2F%2FEP%2F%2FTEXT+IM-PRESS+20051017FCS01528+0+DOC+XML+V0%2F%2FEN |date=20 June 2020 }}, European Parliament, 27 June 2006</ref>
* 2006: received the "Asia Democracy and Human Rights Award" from [[Taiwan Foundation for Democracy]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Huang |first=Jewel |date=26 December 2006 |title=Reporters Without Borders wins Asia Democracy and Human Rights award |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2006/12/26/2003341995 |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=Taipei Times}}</ref>
* 2006: received the "Asia Democracy and Human Rights Award" from [[Taiwan Foundation for Democracy]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Huang |first=Jewel |date=26 December 2006 |title=Reporters Without Borders wins Asia Democracy and Human Rights award |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2006/12/26/2003341995 |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=Taipei Times}}</ref>
* 2007: received the "{{Interlanguage link|Dawit Isaak Prize|sv|Dawit Isaak-priset}}" from the [[Swedish Publicists' Association]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Reportrar utan gränser har tilldelats det nyinstiftade Dawit Isaak-priset |trans-title=Reporters Without Borders has been awarded the newly instituted Dawit Isaak Prize |url=https://www.journalisten.se/sok?fulltext=Dawit&page=61 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626141138/https://www.journalisten.se/sok?fulltext=Dawit&page=61 |archive-date=26 June 2022 |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=Journalisten |language=Swedish}}</ref>
* 2007: received the "{{Interlanguage link|Dawit Isaak Prize|sv|Dawit Isaak-priset}}" from the [[Swedish Publicists' Association]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Reportrar utan gränser har tilldelats det nyinstiftade Dawit Isaak-priset |trans-title=Reporters Without Borders has been awarded the newly instituted Dawit Isaak Prize |url=https://www.journalisten.se/sok?fulltext=Dawit&page=61 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626141138/https://www.journalisten.se/sok?fulltext=Dawit&page=61 |archive-date=26 June 2022 |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=Journalisten |language=Swedish}}</ref>
* 2008: received the "Kahlil Gibran Award for Institutional Excellence" from the [[Arab American Institute|Arab American Institute Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2008 |title=Tenth Annual Kahlil Gibran "Spirit of Humanity" Awards Gala to Honor Refugees International, Reporters Without Borders for Commitment to Advocacy, U.S. Rep. Ray LaHood of Illinois, Barenboim-Said Foundation |url=https://www.arabamerica.com/tenth-annual-kahlil-gibran-spirit-of-humanity-awards-gala-to-honor-refugees-international-reporters-without-borders-for-commitment-to-advocacy-u-s-rep-ray-lahood-of-illinois-barenboim-said-fo/ |website=Arab America |access-date=10 February 2023}}</ref>
* 2008: received the "Kahlil Gibran Award for Institutional Excellence" from the [[Arab American Institute|Arab American Institute Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2008 |title=Tenth Annual Kahlil Gibran "Spirit of Humanity" Awards Gala to Honor Refugees International, Reporters Without Borders for Commitment to Advocacy, U.S. Rep. Ray LaHood of Illinois, Barenboim-Said Foundation |url=https://www.arabamerica.com/tenth-annual-kahlil-gibran-spirit-of-humanity-awards-gala-to-honor-refugees-international-reporters-without-borders-for-commitment-to-advocacy-u-s-rep-ray-lahood-of-illinois-barenboim-said-fo/ |website=Arab America |access-date=10 February 2023}}</ref>
* 2009: shared the "[[Roland Berger]] Human Dignity Award" with Iranian human rights lawyer and [[List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates|Nobel peace laureate]] [[Shirin Ebadi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.rsf.org/roland-berger-human-dignity-award-25-03-2009,30679.html|title=Roland Berger Human Dignity Award goes to Reporters Without Borders and Shirin Ebadi|date=25 March 2009|publisher=Reports Without Borders|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403091837/http://en.rsf.org/roland-berger-human-dignity-award-25-03-2009,30679.html|archive-date=3 April 2015|access-date=3 March 2012}}</ref>
* 2009: shared the "[[Roland Berger]] Human Dignity Award" with Iranian human rights lawyer and [[List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates|Nobel peace laureate]] [[Shirin Ebadi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.rsf.org/roland-berger-human-dignity-award-25-03-2009,30679.html|title=Roland Berger Human Dignity Award goes to Reporters Without Borders and Shirin Ebadi|date=25 March 2009|publisher=Reports Without Borders|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403091837/http://en.rsf.org/roland-berger-human-dignity-award-25-03-2009,30679.html|archive-date=3 April 2015|access-date=3 March 2012}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=August 2025}}
* 2009: received the "{{Interlanguage link|Charlemagne medal|de|Karlsmedaille für europäische Medien}}" for European Media.<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Reporter ohne Grenzen |trans-title=Reporters Without Borders |url=https://medaille-charlemagne.eu/akteure/reporter-ohne-grenzen-d-2009/|access-date=26 June 2022 |website=Medaille Charlemagne |language=de}}</ref>
* 2009: received the "{{Interlanguage link|Charlemagne medal|de|Karlsmedaille für europäische Medien}}" for European Media.<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Reporter ohne Grenzen |trans-title=Reporters Without Borders |url=https://medaille-charlemagne.eu/akteure/reporter-ohne-grenzen-d-2009/|access-date=26 June 2022 |website=Medaille Charlemagne |language=de}}</ref>
* 2012: received the "Club Internacional de Prensa" Award, in Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2012 |title=Entrega de los premios del 50º aniversario del Club Internacional de Prensa |trans-title=Awards ceremony for the 50th anniversary of the International Press Club |url=https://www.casareal.es/en/Actividades/Paginas/actividades_actividades_detalle.aspx?data=9672 |access-date=23 June 2022 |website=Casa real |language=es}}</ref>
* 2012: received the "Club Internacional de Prensa" Award, in Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2012 |title=Entrega de los premios del 50º aniversario del Club Internacional de Prensa |trans-title=Awards ceremony for the 50th anniversary of the International Press Club |url=https://www.casareal.es/en/Actividades/Paginas/actividades_actividades_detalle.aspx?data=9672 |access-date=23 June 2022 |website=Casa real |language=es}}</ref>
* 2013: received the "[[Freedom of Speech Award]]" from the [[International Association of Press Clubs]], in Warsaw.<ref>[http://en.rsf.org/reporters-without-borders-laureate-04-06-2013,44712.html "Reporters Without Borders, Laureate of the International Association of Press Clubs Award"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015011633/http://en.rsf.org/reporters-without-borders-laureate-04-06-2013,44712.html |date=15 October 2013 }}, Reporters Without Borders, 4 June 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2013.</ref>
* 2013: received the "[[Freedom of Speech Award]]" from the [[International Association of Press Clubs]], in Warsaw.<ref>[http://en.rsf.org/reporters-without-borders-laureate-04-06-2013,44712.html "Reporters Without Borders, Laureate of the International Association of Press Clubs Award"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015011633/http://en.rsf.org/reporters-without-borders-laureate-04-06-2013,44712.html |date=15 October 2013 }}, Reporters Without Borders, 4 June 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2013.</ref>
* 2014: [[Bonn|City of Bonn]]'s 2014 DemokratiePreis.<ref>[https://rsf.org/en/presentation "International recognition"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421110308/https://rsf.org/en/presentation |date=21 April 2020 }}, Reporters Without Borders, 4 June 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2016.</ref>
* 2014: [[Bonn|City of Bonn]]'s 2014 DemokratiePreis.<ref name="RSFPresentation"/>{{Primary source inline|date=August 2025}}
* 2019: [[Dan David Prize]], Defending Democracy, jointly with [[Michael Ignatieff]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/dan-david-prize-awarded-reporters-without-borders-rsf-its-contribution-field-defending-democracy|title=Dan David Prize awarded to Reporters Without Borders (RSF) for its contribution in the field of Defending Democracy.|date=20 May 2019|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=24 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924093540/https://rsf.org/en/news/dan-david-prize-awarded-reporters-without-borders-rsf-its-contribution-field-defending-democracy|url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2019: [[Dan David Prize]], Defending Democracy, jointly with [[Michael Ignatieff]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/dan-david-prize-awarded-reporters-without-borders-rsf-its-contribution-field-defending-democracy|title=Dan David Prize awarded to Reporters Without Borders (RSF) for its contribution in the field of Defending Democracy.|date=20 May 2019|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=24 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924093540/https://rsf.org/en/news/dan-david-prize-awarded-reporters-without-borders-rsf-its-contribution-field-defending-democracy|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Abunimah |first=Ali |date=2 June 2019 |title=Reporters Sans Frontières reçoit le prix du régime assassin de journalistes (The Electronic Intifada) |trans-title=Reporters Without Borders receives the prize for the murderous regime of journalists (The Electronic Intifada) |url=https://www.legrandsoir.info/reporters-sans-frontieres-recoit-le-prix-du-regime-assassin-de-journalistes-the-electronic-intifada.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929014657/https://www.legrandsoir.info/reporters-sans-frontieres-recoit-le-prix-du-regime-assassin-de-journalistes-the-electronic-intifada.html |archive-date=29 September 2020 |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Le Grand Soir}}</ref>
* 2024: Foundation Day Honorary Award, [[Hasselt University]] (Belgium)
* 2024: Foundation Day Honorary Award, [[Hasselt University]] (Belgium)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Honorary doctorate recipients |url=https://www.uhasselt.be/en/about-hasselt-university/our-history/honorary-doctorate-recipients |access-date=2025-08-16 |website=UHasselt |language=en}}</ref>
 
RSF was criticised for accepting the Dan David Prize, awarded by the Dan David Foundation in Israel, due to the alleged Palestinian journalists killed or arrested in Gaza.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legrandsoir.info/reporters-sans-frontieres-recoit-le-prix-du-regime-assassin-de-journalistes-the-electronic-intifada.html|title=Reporters Sans Frontières reçoit le prix du régime assassin de journalistes (The Electronic Intifada) |trans-title=Reporters Without Borders receives the prize for the murderous regime of journalists (The Electronic Intifada) |last=Abunimah|first=Ali|date=2 June 2019|website=Le Grand Soir|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=29 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929014657/https://www.legrandsoir.info/reporters-sans-frontieres-recoit-le-prix-du-regime-assassin-de-journalistes-the-electronic-intifada.html|url-status=live}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
{{Portal|Freedom of speech|Journalism}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em|small=no}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em|small=no}}
* [[The Uncensored Library]]
* [[Avocats Sans Frontières]]
* [[Avocats Sans Frontières]]
* [[Chilling effect (term)|Chilling effect]]
* [[Committee to Protect Journalists]]
* [[Committee to Protect Journalists]]
* [[Electronic Frontier Foundation]]
* [[Electronic Frontier Foundation]]
Line 181: Line 153:
* [[Freedom of the Press Foundation]]
* [[Freedom of the Press Foundation]]
* [[Internet censorship]]
* [[Internet censorship]]
* [[Internet censorship by country]]
* [[List of sovereign states in Europe by Press Freedom Index]]
* [[List of journalists killed in India]]
* [[Attacks on RTI activists in India]]
* [[List of indices of freedom]]
* [[Media transparency]]
* [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe statistics]]
* [[Political repression of cyber-dissidents]]
* [[Political repression of cyber-dissidents]]
* [[Technology diffusion]]
* [[Safety of journalists]]{{div col end}}
*[[The Coalition For Women In Journalism]]
* [[World Day Against Cyber Censorship]]
{{div col end}}


== References ==
== References ==
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[[Category:International human rights organizations]]
[[Category:International human rights organizations]]
[[Category:International organizations based in France]]
[[Category:International organisations based in France]]
[[Category:Freedom of expression organizations]]
[[Category:Freedom of expression organizations]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1985]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1985]]
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[[Category:1985 establishments in France]]
[[Category:1985 establishments in France]]
[[Category:Sakharov Prize laureates]]
[[Category:Sakharov Prize laureates]]
[[Category:Organizations listed in Russia as undesirable]]

Latest revision as of 12:42, 1 January 2026

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File:Torch relay press freedom.jpg
Protest action in Paris, April 2008, displaying a 'Reporters Without Borders (RSF)' flag depicting the Olympic rings in the form of handcuffs or padlocks, along with the legend 'Beijing 2008'

Reporters Without Borders (RWB; Template:Langx; RSF) is an international non-profit and non-governmental organization headquartered in Paris, which focuses on safeguarding the right to freedom of information. It describes its advocacy as founded on the belief that everyone requires access to the news and information, in line with Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that recognises the right to receive and share information regardless of frontiers, along with other international rights charters.[1] RSF has consultative status at the United Nations, UNESCO, the Council of Europe, and the International Organisation of the Francophonie.[2]

RSF works on the ground in defence of individual journalists at risk and at the highest levels of government and international forums to defend the right to freedom of expression and information. It provides daily briefings and press releases on threats to media freedom in French, English, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic, Persian and Chinese and publishes an annual press freedom round up, the World Press Freedom Index, that measures the state of media freedom in 180 countries.[3] The organisation provides assistance to journalists at risk and training in digital and physical security, as well as campaigning to raise public awareness of abuse against journalists and to secure their safety and liberty. RSF lobbies governments and international bodies to adopt standards and legislation in support of media freedom and takes legal action in defence of journalists under threat.[4]Template:Primary source inline In addition, RSF keeps a yearly count of journalists killed on the job.

Organization

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File:Reporters Without Borders.svg
Logo before 2020
File:Siège de RSF.jpeg
Head office in Paris

RSF was founded in Montpellier, France, in 1985 by Robert Ménard, Rémy Loury, Jacques Molénat and Émilien Jubineau. It was registered as a non-profit organisation in 1995.[2] Ménard was RSF's first secretary general, succeeded by Template:Interlanguage link. Christophe Deloire was appointed secretary-general in 2012, and remained so until his death in June 2024.[5] Thibaut Bruttin is the current secretary-general, appointed in November 2024.[6]

RSF's head office is based in Paris. As of 2018, it has 13 regional and national offices, including Brussels, London, Washington, Berlin, Rio de Janeiro, Taipei and Dakar, and a network of 146 correspondents with 57 salaried staff in Paris and internationally.[7] As of 2016, a board of governors, elected from RSF's members, approves the organisation's policies,[8] while an International Council has oversight of its activities and approves the budget.[9]

In August 2025, the Office of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation declared RSF an "undesirable organization" in Russia, effectively banning operations within the country.[10]

Initiatives

File:Press freedom 2025.svg
2025 World Press Freedom Index[11] <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  Good
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  Satisfactory
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  Not classified

World Press Freedom Index

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Journalism Trust Initiative

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RSF launched the Journalism Trust Initiative (JTI) in 2018 with its partners the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), Agence France-Presse (AFP) and the Global Editors Network (GEN).[12][13] The indicators focus on transparency, good governance and accountability,[14] and are based on the NewsGuard rating system.[15] JTI distinguishes itself from similar initiatives by focusing on the process of journalism rather than content alone. JTI standards have been used to inform standards for policies in Canada and the European Union.[16] As of November 2025, 2,000 media organizations worldwide have registered with JTI.[17]

Actions

RSF's defence of journalistic freedom includes international missions, the publication of country reports, training of journalists and public protests.

RSF has published the Munich Charter, an authoritative document which clarifies the "Rights and Obligations" of Journalists. The Charter was initially developed by the German Journalist Association and first published in Munich 1971, and is accepted as authoritative within the profession. It was later adopted by most journalists' unions in Europe.[18]Template:Primary source inline

During 2017, some global advocacy and practical interventions included: opening a centre for women journalists in Afghanistan, a creative protest with street-artist C215 in Strasbourg for Turkish journalists in detention, turning off the Eiffel Tower lights in tribute to murdered Saudi journalist Jamal Kashoggi and providing training to journalists and bloggers in Syria.[19][20][21][22]Template:Primary source inline

In July 2018, RSF sent a mission to Saudi Arabia to call for the release of 30 journalists.[23] The organisation publishes a gallery of Predators of Press Freedom, highlighting the most egregious international violators of press freedom.[24][25][26][27] It also has maintained an online Press Freedom Barometer, monitoring the number of journalists, media workers and citizen journalists killed or imprisoned.[28][29] Its programme Operation Collateral Freedom, launched in 2014, provides alternative access to censored websites by creating mirror sites: 22 sites have been unblocked in 12 countries, including Iran, China, Saudi Arabia and Vietnam.[30][31][32] RSF offers grants to journalists at risk and supports media workers in need of refuge and protection.

To mark World Day Against Cyber Censorship on 12 March 2020, Reporters Without Borders (RSF) unveiled a list of 20 Digital Predators of Press Freedom and announced that it is unblocking access to a total 21 websites in the sixth year of its Operation Collateral Freedom.[33][34]

On 21 April 2020, the RSF based in Paris said that the pandemic had amplified and highlighted many crises and over shadowed freedom of the press. The high representative of the EU, Josep Borrell, stated that the pandemic should not be used to justify the limitation of democratic and civil freedoms and that the rule of law and international commitments should be respected. He said freedom of speech and access to information should not be limited and that measures taken against the pandemic should not be used to restrict human rights advocates, reporters, media staff and institutions of civil societies.[35][36][37]

File:Can Dündar prix RSF Strasbourg 17 novembre 2015.jpg
Cumhuriyet's former editor-in-chief Can Dündar receiving the 2015 RSF Prize. Shortly thereafter, he was arrested.

On 22 December 2023, RSF filed a complaint with the International Criminal Court over the killing of seven Palestinian journalists, including Samer Abu Daqqa.[38]

In March 2025 the release of four journalists were named by RWB as one of that year's priority campaign. They were Frenchie Mae Cumpio of the Philippines, Sandra Muhoza of Burundi, Sevinj Vagifgizi of Azerbaijan and Phạm Đoan Trang of Vietnam.[39]

Prizes

Press Freedom Prize

RSF's annual Press Freedom Prize, created in 1992, honours courageous and independent journalists who have faced threats or imprisonment for their work and who have challenged the abuse of power.[40] TV5Monde and Le Monde have previously been partners in the prize.[41]

File:Tunisia24.jpg
RWB 2011 Netizen Prize

In 2018, RSF launched new categories for the Press Freedom Prize: courage, independence and impact.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Winners:

Netizen Prize

A Netizen Prize was introduced in 2010, in partnership with Google, recognising individuals, including bloggers and cyber-dissidents, who have advanced freedom of information online through investigative reporting or other initiatives.[49]

Press freedom predator list

RSF also lists the world's worst press freedom 'predators' every few years.[50]

Publications

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Annual reports

RSF issues a report annually. RSF said that 110 journalists were killed in the course of their work in 2015.[53][54] In 2016, RSF stated that, there were 348 imprisoned journalists and 52 hostages. Nearly two-thirds of imprisoned journalists were in Turkey, China, Syria, Egypt and Iran.[55][56] RSF's 2018 report stated that over 80 journalists were killed, 348 were currently imprisoned, and another 60 were being held hostage.[57][58][59]

Recognitions

RSF has received multiple international awards honouring its achievements:

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ RSF Annual Report 2018, p5
  2. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ RSF Annual Report 2018, pp14-16
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ RSF Annual Report 2018, p. 10
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ "Ladies, Ibrahim and Reporters joint Sakharov prize winners" Template:Webarchive, European Parliament, 27 June 2006
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  70. ↑ "Reporters Without Borders, Laureate of the International Association of Press Clubs Award" Template:Webarchive, Reporters Without Borders, 4 June 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2013.
  71. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

Template:Sister project

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Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Sakharov Prize 2001-2025 Template:Internet censorship Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Portal bar Template:Authority control

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