Durability: Difference between revisions
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{{About|the physical property|the database property|Durability (database systems)|the cognitive bias|Durability bias}} | {{About|the physical property|the database property|Durability (database systems)|the cognitive bias|Durability bias}} | ||
[[File:MER No.6.jpg|thumb|The [[Manx Electric Railway]] on the [[Isle of Man]] still operates with its original tramcars and trailers, all of which are over one hundred years old, the latest dating from 1906.]] | [[File:MER No.6.jpg|thumb|The [[Manx Electric Railway]] on the [[Isle of Man]] still operates with its original tramcars and trailers, all of which are over one hundred years old, the latest dating from 1906.]] | ||
'''Durability''' is the ability of a physical [[product (business)|product]] to remain functional, without requiring excessive [[maintenance (technical)|maintenance]] or repair, when faced with the challenges of normal operation over its [[design life|design lifetime]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cooper|first=Tim|year=1994|title=Beyond Recycling: The longer life option|url= | |||
'''Durability''' is the ability of a physical [[product (business)|product]] to remain functional, without requiring excessive [[maintenance (technical)|maintenance]] or repair, when faced with the challenges of normal operation over its [[design life|design lifetime]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cooper|first=Tim|year=1994|title=Beyond Recycling: The longer life option|url=https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/24666/1/201125_7266%20Cooper%20Publisher.pdf|journal=The New Economics Foundation, Whitechapel Road, London|pages=5}}</ref>{{rp|5}} There are several measures of durability in use, including years of life, hours of use, and number of operational cycles.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Longer Lasting Products: alternatives to the throwaway society|last=Stahel|first=Walter|publisher=Gower|year=2010|isbn=978-0-566-08808-7|editor-last=Cooper|editor-first=Tim|location=Farnham|chapter=Durability, Function and Performance}}</ref> In [[economics]], goods with a long [[service life|usable life]] are referred to as [[durable good]]s. | |||
Because there is no objective measure of durability for clothing, [[price]] has become an important indicator.<ref name="affm">{{cite journal |last1=Guo |first1=Yue |last2=Morris |first2=Kate E. |last3=Sumner |first3=Mark |last4=Taylor |first4=Mark |date=March 2025 |title=A framework for measuring physical garment durability |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666784324000780 |journal=Cleaner and Responsible Consumption |volume=16 |doi=10.1016/j.clrc.2024.100245 |access-date=|doi-access=free }}</ref> | Because there is no objective measure of durability for clothing, [[price]] has become an important indicator.<ref name="affm">{{cite journal |last1=Guo |first1=Yue |last2=Morris |first2=Kate E. |last3=Sumner |first3=Mark |last4=Taylor |first4=Mark |date=March 2025 |title=A framework for measuring physical garment durability |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666784324000780 |journal=Cleaner and Responsible Consumption |volume=16 |doi=10.1016/j.clrc.2024.100245 |access-date=|doi-access=free }}</ref> | ||
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== Product life spans and sustainable consumption == | == Product life spans and sustainable consumption == | ||
The lifespan of household goods is a significant factor in [[sustainable consumption]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cooper|first=Tim|year=1994|title=The durability of consumer durables|journal=Business Strategy and the Environment|volume=3|issue=1|pages=23–30|doi=10.1002/bse.3280030103|url= | The lifespan of household goods is a significant factor in [[sustainable consumption]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cooper|first=Tim|year=1994|title=The durability of consumer durables|journal=Business Strategy and the Environment|volume=3|issue=1|pages=23–30|doi=10.1002/bse.3280030103|url=https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/8822/1/NPS_1086a_Cooper.pdf}}</ref> Longer product life spans can contribute to eco-efficiency and sufficiency, thus slowing consumption in order to progress towards a sustainable level of consumption.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Cooper|first=Tim|year=2005|title=Slower Consumption Reflections on Product Life Spans and the "Throwaway Society"|journal=Journal of Industrial Ecology|volume=9|issue=1–2|pages=51–67|doi=10.1162/1088198054084671|url=https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/994/1/NPS_1081a_Cooper.pdf|doi-access=free|bibcode=2005JInEc...9...51C }}</ref> Cooper (2005) proposed a model to demonstrate the crucial role of [[product lifespan]]s to [[sustainable production]] and consumption.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
==Types | ==Types== | ||
[[File:Drop of water on water-resistant textile (100% polyester).jpg|thumb|Waterproof textile, 2021]] | [[File:Drop of water on water-resistant textile (100% polyester).jpg|thumb|Waterproof textile, 2021]] | ||
Durability can encompass several specific physical properties of designed products, including: | Durability can encompass several specific physical properties of designed products, including: | ||
Latest revision as of 13:34, 23 October 2025
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Durability is the ability of a physical product to remain functional, without requiring excessive maintenance or repair, when faced with the challenges of normal operation over its design lifetime.[1]Template:Rp There are several measures of durability in use, including years of life, hours of use, and number of operational cycles.[2] In economics, goods with a long usable life are referred to as durable goods.
Because there is no objective measure of durability for clothing, price has become an important indicator.[3]
Requirements for product durability
Product durability is predicated by good repairability and regenerability in conjunction with maintenance.[4] Every durable product must be capable of adapting to technical, technological and design developments.[4] This must be accompanied by a willingness on the part of consumers to forgo having the "very latest" version of a product.
In the United Kingdom, durability as a characteristic relating to the quality of goods that can be demanded by consumers was not clearly established until an amendment of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 relating to the quality standards for supplied goods in 1994.[5]
Reliability testing verifies the resistance of a product or material to wear.[6] Common tests evaluate fatigue, abrasion, corrosion and exposure to environmental conditions.[6]
Product life spans and sustainable consumption
The lifespan of household goods is a significant factor in sustainable consumption.[7] Longer product life spans can contribute to eco-efficiency and sufficiency, thus slowing consumption in order to progress towards a sustainable level of consumption.[8] Cooper (2005) proposed a model to demonstrate the crucial role of product lifespans to sustainable production and consumption.[8]
Types
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Durability can encompass several specific physical properties of designed products, including:
- Ageing (of polymers)
- Dust resistance
- Resistance to fatigue
- Fire resistance
- Radiation hardening
- Thermal resistance
- Rot-proofing
- Rustproofing
- Toughness
- Waterproofing
Examples
See also
- Availability
- Consumables
- Interchangeable parts
- Maintainability
- Product life
- Product stewardship
- Throwaway society
- Waste minimization
References
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