Ruby Dee: Difference between revisions
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| caption = Dee in 1972 | | caption = Dee in 1972 | ||
| birth_name = Ruby Ann Wallace | | birth_name = Ruby Ann Wallace | ||
| birth_place = [[Cleveland, Ohio]], U.S. | | birth_place = [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio]], U.S. | ||
| birth_date = {{birth date|1922|10|27|mf=yes}} | | birth_date = {{birth date|1922|10|27|mf=yes}} | ||
| death_date = {{death date and age|2014|06|11|1922|10|27}} | | death_date = {{death date and age|2014|06|11|1922|10|27}} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Ruby Dee''' (born '''Ruby Ann Wallace'''; October 27, 1922 – June 11, 2014) was an American actress.<!-- only primary occupations, per [[MOS:ROLEBIO]] --> She was married to [[Ossie Davis]], with whom she frequently performed until his death in | '''Ruby Dee''' (born '''Ruby Ann Wallace'''; October 27, 1922 – June 11, 2014) was an American actress.<!-- only primary occupations, per [[MOS:ROLEBIO]] --> She was married to [[Ossie Davis]], with whom she frequently performed until his death in 2014.<ref name=variety>{{cite magazine|first=Carmel |last=Dagan |url=https://variety.com/2014/film/news/oscar-nominated-actress-ruby-dee-dies-at-91-1201219148/ |title=Oscar-Nominated Actress Ruby Dee Dies at 91 |magazine=Variety |access-date=March 30, 2016}}</ref> She received numerous accolades, including an [[Primetime Emmy Award|Emmy Award]], a [[Grammy Award]], an [[Obie Award for Distinguished Performance by an Actress|Obie Award]], and a [[Drama Desk Award]], as well as a nomination for an [[Academy Award]]. She was honored with the [[National Medal of Arts]] in 1995, the [[Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award]] in 2000, and the [[Kennedy Center Honors]] in 2004. | ||
Dee started her career with the [[American Negro Theatre]]. She made her [[Broadway (theatre)|Broadway]] debut in ''[[South Pacific (musical)|South Pacific]]'' (1943). She met her future husband working together on the play ''[[Jeb (play)|Jeb]]'' (1946). She originated the Broadway roles of Ruth Younger in [[Lorraine Hansberry]]'s ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'' (1959) and reprised the role in the [[A Raisin in the Sun (1961 film)|1961 film]] and Lutiebell Gussie Mae Jenkins in the Ossie Davis play ''[[Purlie Victorious]]'' (1961) and reprised the role in the [[Gone Are the Days!|1963 film]]. | Dee started her career with the [[American Negro Theatre]]. She made her [[Broadway (theatre)|Broadway]] debut in ''[[South Pacific (musical)|South Pacific]]'' (1943). She met her future husband working together on the play ''[[Jeb (play)|Jeb]]'' (1946). She originated the Broadway roles of Ruth Younger in [[Lorraine Hansberry]]'s ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'' (1959) and reprised the role in the [[A Raisin in the Sun (1961 film)|1961 film]] and Lutiebell Gussie Mae Jenkins in the Ossie Davis play ''[[Purlie Victorious]]'' (1961) and reprised the role in the [[Gone Are the Days!|1963 film]]. | ||
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== Early life and education == | == Early life and education == | ||
Dee was born Ruby Ann Wallace on October 27, 1922, in [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio]],<ref name="90th">[http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/ruby-gem-90-article-1.1201556 "Ruby Dee marks 90th birthday with new documentary about her illustrious life with late husband Ossie Davis"], ''[[New York Daily News]]'', November 13, 2012.</ref> the daughter of Gladys ([[née]] Hightower) and Marshall Edward Nathaniel Wallace, a cook, waiter and porter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.blackpast.org/aah/davis-ruby-dee-1924 |title=Dee, Ruby Ann Wallace (1924-2014) |last=Watson |first=Elwood |date= December 5, 2013|website=BlackPast.org |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> After her mother left the family, Dee's father remarried, to Emma Amelia Benson, a schoolteacher.<ref>{{cite book|last=Davis|first=Ossie|author2=Dee, Ruby|year=1998|chapter=Ruby Is Born at Seven|title=With Ossie and Ruby: In This Life Together|publisher=William Morrow|isbn=0-688-17582-1|chapter-url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/d/davis-ossie.html|access-date=July 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Gates|first=Henry Louis|title=Arts and Letters: An A-To-Z Reference of Writers, Musicians, and Artists of the African American Experience|publisher=Running Press|year=2005|isbn=0-7624-2042-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_FhqCO4RJl8C&q=%22ruby+dee%22+%22marshall+edward+wallace%22&pg=PA167}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Lyman|first=Darryl|title=Great African-American Women|publisher=Jonathan David Company, Inc.|year=2005|isbn=0-8246-0459-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4-HYBUp1sygC&q=%22ruby+dee%22+%22marshall+edward+wallace%22&pg=PA53}}</ref> | Dee was born Ruby Ann Wallace on October 27, 1922, in [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio]],<ref name="90th">[http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/ruby-gem-90-article-1.1201556 "Ruby Dee marks 90th birthday with new documentary about her illustrious life with late husband Ossie Davis"], ''[[New York Daily News]]'', November 13, 2012.</ref> the daughter of Gladys ([[née]] Hightower) and Marshall Edward Nathaniel Wallace, a cook, waiter and porter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.blackpast.org/aah/davis-ruby-dee-1924 |title=Dee, Ruby Ann Wallace (1924-2014) |last=Watson |first=Elwood |date= December 5, 2013|website=BlackPast.org |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> After her mother left the family, Dee's father remarried, to Emma Amelia Benson, a schoolteacher.<ref>{{cite book|last=Davis|first=Ossie|author2=Dee, Ruby|year=1998|chapter=Ruby Is Born at Seven|title=With Ossie and Ruby: In This Life Together|publisher=William Morrow|isbn=0-688-17582-1|chapter-url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/d/davis-ossie.html|access-date=July 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Gates|first=Henry Louis|author-link=Henry Louis Gates Jr.|title=Arts and Letters: An A-To-Z Reference of Writers, Musicians, and Artists of the African American Experience|publisher=Running Press|year=2005|isbn=0-7624-2042-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_FhqCO4RJl8C&q=%22ruby+dee%22+%22marshall+edward+wallace%22&pg=PA167}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Lyman|first=Darryl|title=Great African-American Women|publisher=Jonathan David Company, Inc.|year=2005|isbn=0-8246-0459-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4-HYBUp1sygC&q=%22ruby+dee%22+%22marshall+edward+wallace%22&pg=PA53}}</ref> | ||
Dee was raised in [[Harlem, New York]].<ref name=cnn_obit/> Prior to attending [[Hunter College High School]], she studied at Public Schools 119 and 136.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1917&dat=19680831&id=jXwuAAAAIBAJ&pg=3498,6432108|title=Talented Ruby Dee Plays the Wife of Neurosurgeon in 'Peyton Place'|date=September 1968|work=Schnectady Gazette|access-date=February 16, 2019}}</ref> Then, she went on to graduate from [[Hunter College]] with a degree in [[Romance language]]s in 1945.<ref name=wapo/> She was a member of [[Delta Sigma Theta]].<ref>[http://www.deltasigmatheta.org/ndeltas.htm Delta Sigma Theta website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013051238/http://www.deltasigmatheta.org/ndeltas.htm |date=October 13, 2012 }}</ref> | Dee was raised in [[Harlem, New York]].<ref name=cnn_obit/> Prior to attending [[Hunter College High School]], she studied at Public Schools 119 and 136.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1917&dat=19680831&id=jXwuAAAAIBAJ&pg=3498,6432108|title=Talented Ruby Dee Plays the Wife of Neurosurgeon in 'Peyton Place'|date=September 1968|work=Schnectady Gazette|access-date=February 16, 2019}}</ref> Then, she went on to graduate from [[Hunter College]] with a degree in [[Romance language]]s in 1945.<ref name=wapo/> She was a member of [[Delta Sigma Theta]].<ref>[http://www.deltasigmatheta.org/ndeltas.htm Delta Sigma Theta website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013051238/http://www.deltasigmatheta.org/ndeltas.htm |date=October 13, 2012 }}</ref> | ||
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Dee joined the [[American Negro Theatre]] as an apprentice, working with [[Sidney Poitier]], [[Harry Belafonte]], and [[Hilda Simms]].<ref name=wapo/> She made her [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] debut portraying a Native in the play South Pacific<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/south-pacific-1374 | title=South Pacific – Broadway Play – Original | IBDB }}</ref> (1943). She played the title role in the [[Eugene O'Neill]] play ''[[Anna Lucasta (play)|Anna Lucasta]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.backstage.com/magazine/article/remembering-ruby-dee-anna-lucasta-37648/|title=Remembering Ruby Dee in ''Anna Lucasta'' |last=Warfield|first=Polly|website=Backstage.com|date=March 7, 2001|access-date=February 16, 2019}}</ref> She met her future husband [[Ossie Davis]] in the post-[[World War II]] play ''[[Jeb (play)|Jeb]]'' (1946). That same year she was in her first onscreen role in the musical ''[[That Man of Mine]]'' (1946). The following year she acted in the crime film ''[[The Fight Never Ends]]'' (1947). | Dee joined the [[American Negro Theatre]] as an apprentice, working with [[Sidney Poitier]], [[Harry Belafonte]], and [[Hilda Simms]].<ref name=wapo/> She made her [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] debut portraying a Native in the play South Pacific<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/south-pacific-1374 | title=South Pacific – Broadway Play – Original | IBDB }}</ref> (1943). She played the title role in the [[Eugene O'Neill]] play ''[[Anna Lucasta (play)|Anna Lucasta]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.backstage.com/magazine/article/remembering-ruby-dee-anna-lucasta-37648/|title=Remembering Ruby Dee in ''Anna Lucasta'' |last=Warfield|first=Polly|website=Backstage.com|date=March 7, 2001|access-date=February 16, 2019}}</ref> She met her future husband [[Ossie Davis]] in the post-[[World War II]] play ''[[Jeb (play)|Jeb]]'' (1946). That same year she was in her first onscreen role in the musical ''[[That Man of Mine]]'' (1946). The following year she acted in the crime film ''[[The Fight Never Ends]]'' (1947). | ||
She received national recognition for her portrayal of [[Rachel Robinson]] in the sports drama film ''[[The Jackie Robinson Story]]'' (1950).<ref name=cnn_obit/> [[Bosley Crowther]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' praised Dee's performance describing her as "the well restrained sweetheart".<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1950/05/17/archives/the-screen-in-review-jackie-robinson-story-with-baseball-star.html|title= THE SCREEN IN REVIEW; 'Jackie Robinson Story,' With Baseball Star Playing Himself, Is Shown of Astor Theatre| | She received national recognition for her portrayal of [[Rachel Robinson]] in the sports drama film ''[[The Jackie Robinson Story]]'' (1950).<ref name=cnn_obit/> [[Bosley Crowther]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' praised Dee's performance describing her as "the well restrained sweetheart".<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1950/05/17/archives/the-screen-in-review-jackie-robinson-story-with-baseball-star.html|title= THE SCREEN IN REVIEW; 'Jackie Robinson Story,' With Baseball Star Playing Himself, Is Shown of Astor Theatre|newspaper= The New York Times|date= May 17, 1950|accessdate= January 27, 2024|last1= Crowther|first1= Bosley}}</ref> Also in 1950 she had an uncredited role in film noir ''[[No Way Out (1950 film)|No Way Out]]'' directed by [[Joseph L. Mankiewicz]]. She continued acting in films such as the historical crime film ''[[The Tall Target]]'' (1951), the sports film ''[[Go Man Go (film)|Go Man Go]]'' (1954), the music film ''[[St. Louis Blues (1958 film)|St. Louis Blues]]'' (1958), and the British drama ''[[Virgin Island (film)|Virgin Island]]'' (1958). During this time she took a role in the film noir ''[[Edge of the City]]'' (1957) starring alongside [[John Cassavetes]] and [[Sidney Poitier]]. | ||
=== 1959–1979: Breakthrough and acclaim === | === 1959–1979: Breakthrough and acclaim === | ||
[[File:A Raisin in the Sun 1959 2.JPG|thumb|right|[[Louis Gossett Jr.]], Dee and [[Sidney Poitier]] in ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'' (1959)]] | [[File:A Raisin in the Sun 1959 2.JPG|thumb|right|[[Louis Gossett Jr.]], Dee and [[Sidney Poitier]] in ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'' (1959)]] | ||
In 1959 she gained prominence for originating the role of Ruth Younger in the [[Lorraine Hansberry]]'s play ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'' which premiered on [[Broadway (theatre)|Broadway]]. She acted alongside [[Sidney Poitier]] and [[Louis Gossett Jr.]] The play was the first play written by a Black woman to be produced on Broadway. She reprised the role in the [[A Raisin in the Sun (1961 film)|1961 film of the same name]]. She returned to Broadway in the [[Ossie Davis]] satirical farce ''[[Purlie Victorious]]'' (1961) portraying Lutiebell Gussie Mae Jenkins. Howard Taubman of ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote of Dee's performance, "[she] has been treated generously. As Lutiebell she has enough humor and charm to make one envy Purlie Victorious that she is eager disciple".<ref>{{cite news|url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1961/09/29/97249462.html?pageNumber=29|title= Theatre: 'Purlie Victorious' Romps In| | In 1959 she gained prominence for originating the role of Ruth Younger in the [[Lorraine Hansberry]]'s play ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'' which premiered on [[Broadway (theatre)|Broadway]]. She acted alongside [[Sidney Poitier]] and [[Louis Gossett Jr.]] The play was the first play written by a Black woman to be produced on Broadway. She reprised the role in the [[A Raisin in the Sun (1961 film)|1961 film of the same name]]. She returned to Broadway in the [[Ossie Davis]] satirical farce ''[[Purlie Victorious]]'' (1961) portraying Lutiebell Gussie Mae Jenkins. Howard Taubman of ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote of Dee's performance, "[she] has been treated generously. As Lutiebell she has enough humor and charm to make one envy Purlie Victorious that she is eager disciple".<ref>{{cite news|url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1961/09/29/97249462.html?pageNumber=29|title= Theatre: 'Purlie Victorious' Romps In|first=Howard|last=Taubman|newspaper= [[The New York Times]]|date=September 29, 1961|access-date= January 27, 2024}}</ref> She acted opposite her husband Ossie Davis and [[Alan Alda]] in his acting debut. They reprised their roles of the 1963 film entitled ''[[Gone Are the Days!]]'', which was produced by [[Brock Peters]] and directed by [[Nicholas Webster]]. | ||
Her career in acting crossed all major forms of media over a span of eight decades, including the films ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'', in which she recreated her stage role as a suffering housewife in the projects, and ''[[Edge of the City]]''. She played both roles opposite Poitier.<ref name=wapo/> She received the [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie]] for her role on ''[[The Nurses (TV series)|The Doctors and the Nurses]]'' (1964). In 1965, Dee performed in lead roles at the [[American Shakespeare Festival]] as Kate in ''[[The Taming of the Shrew]]'' and Cordelia in ''[[King Lear]]'', becoming the first black actress to portray a lead role in the festival. In 1963 she acted in the film ''[[The Balcony (film)|The Balcony]]'' with [[Shelley Winters]], [[Peter Falk]], [[Lee Grant]], and [[Leonard Nimoy]]. She then acted in the film noir ''[[The Incident (1967 film)|The Incident]]'' (1967), the drama film ''[[Uptight (film)|Uptight]]'' (1968), and the documentary ''[[King: A Filmed Record... Montgomery to Memphis]]'' (1970). | Her career in acting crossed all major forms of media over a span of eight decades, including the films ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'', in which she recreated her stage role as a suffering housewife in the projects, and ''[[Edge of the City]]''. She played both roles opposite Poitier.<ref name=wapo/> She received the [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie]] for her role on ''[[The Nurses (TV series)|The Doctors and the Nurses]]'' (1964). In 1965, Dee performed in lead roles at the [[American Shakespeare Festival]] as Kate in ''[[The Taming of the Shrew]]'' and Cordelia in ''[[King Lear]]'', becoming the first black actress to portray a lead role in the festival. In 1963 she acted in the film ''[[The Balcony (film)|The Balcony]]'' with [[Shelley Winters]], [[Peter Falk]], [[Lee Grant]], and [[Leonard Nimoy]]. She then acted in the film noir ''[[The Incident (1967 film)|The Incident]]'' (1967), the drama film ''[[Uptight (film)|Uptight]]'' (1968), and the documentary ''[[King: A Filmed Record... Montgomery to Memphis]]'' (1970). | ||
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=== 1980–2014 === | === 1980–2014 === | ||
[[File:Ruby Dee and David Scott.jpg|thumb|right|190px|Dee with Congressman [[David Scott (Georgia politician)|David Scott]] in 2006]] | [[File:Ruby Dee and David Scott.jpg|thumb|right|190px|Dee with Congressman [[David Scott (Georgia politician)|David Scott]] in 2006]] | ||
Dee was nominated for eight [[Emmy Awards]], winning once for her role in the 1990 [[Television movie|TV film]] ''[[Decoration Day (film)|Decoration Day]]''. She was nominated for her television guest appearance in the ''[[China Beach]]'' episode, "Skylark". Her husband [[Ossie Davis]] (1917–2005) also appeared in the episode. She appeared in [[Spike Lee]]'s 1989 film ''[[Do the Right Thing]]'', and his 1991 film ''[[Jungle Fever]]''.<ref name=cnn_obit/> She starred in the television films portraying Mary Tyrone in ''[[Long Day's Journey into Night]]'' (1982) and Mrs. Grimes in ''[[Go Tell It on the Mountain (film)|Go Tell It on the Mountain]]'' (1985). Dee returned to Broadway in the play ''Checkmates'' written by [[Ron Milner]]. She acted alongside [[Denzel Washington]], [[Paul Winfield]] and Marsha Jackson. In 1990 she portrayed [[Zora Neale Hurston]] in ''Zora Is My Name!'' and played [[Jackie Robinson]]'s mother in ''[[The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson]]''. That same year she earned a [[Primetime Emmy Award]] for her role in ''[[Decoration Day (film)|Decoration Day]]'' (1990). | Dee was nominated for eight [[Emmy Awards]], winning once for her role in the 1990 [[Television movie|TV film]] ''[[Decoration Day (film)|Decoration Day]]''. She was nominated for her television guest appearance in the ''[[China Beach]]'' episode, "Skylark". Her husband [[Ossie Davis]] (1917–2005) also appeared in the episode. She appeared in [[Spike Lee]]'s 1989 film ''[[Do the Right Thing]]'', and his 1991 film ''[[Jungle Fever]]''.<ref name=cnn_obit/> She starred in the television films portraying Mary Tyrone in ''[[Long Day's Journey into Night]]'' (1982) and Mrs. Grimes in ''[[Go Tell It on the Mountain (film)|Go Tell It on the Mountain]]'' (1985). | ||
Dee returned to Broadway in the play ''Checkmates'' written by [[Ron Milner]]. She acted alongside [[Denzel Washington]], [[Paul Winfield]] and Marsha Jackson. In 1990, she portrayed [[Zora Neale Hurston]] in ''Zora Is My Name!'' and played [[Jackie Robinson]]'s mother in ''[[The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson]]''. That same year she earned a [[Primetime Emmy Award]] for her role in ''[[Decoration Day (film)|Decoration Day]]'' (1990). In 1993, Dee performed at the [[Crossroads Theatre|Crossroads Theater]] in her own adaptation of [[Rosa Guy]]'s novel ''The Disappearance'', calling the production not a play but "enhanced story telling".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/12/style/chronicle-182793.html|title=Chronicle|first=Nadine|last=Brozan|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 12, 1993|access-date=October 4, 2025}}</ref> | |||
Dee played Mother Abagail Freemantle in the [[Stephen King]] miniseries ''[[The Stand (1994 miniseries)|The Stand]]'' (1994). She collaborated with comedian [[Bill Cosby]] acting in both ''[[Cosby (TV series)|Cosby]]'' in 1998 and voicing Alice the Great in the [[Nick Jr.]] animated series ''[[Little Bill]]'' from 1999 to 2004. The next year she and Davis were awarded the [[National Medal of Arts]] from President [[Bill Clinton]].<ref>[http://www.nea.gov/honors/medals/medalists_year.html#95 Lifetime Honors – National Medal of Arts] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721054307/http://www.nea.gov/honors/medals/medalists_year.html |date=July 21, 2011 }}</ref> | |||
In 2003, she narrated a series of [[Slave Narrative Collection|WPA]] & [[slave narrative]]s in the HBO film ''[[Unchained Memories]]''. They were also recipients of the 2004 [[Kennedy Center Honors]]. In 2007 the [[Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album]] was shared by Dee and Ossie Davis for ''With Ossie and Ruby: In This Life Together'', and former President [[Jimmy Carter]].<ref name=wapo/><ref name=usatoday6/> Dee portrayed Mama Lucas in the [[Ridley Scott]] directed crime film ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]'' (2007). Dee acted alongside [[Denzel Washington]] and [[Russell Crowe]]. For her performance she was nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]] losing to [[Tilda Swinton]] for her role in the legal thriller ''[[Michael Clayton]]'' (2007). She won the [[Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role|Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Actress in a Supporting Role]] for the same performance. At 85 years of age, Dee is currently the [[List of oldest and youngest Academy Award winners and nominees|third oldest nominee for Best Supporting Actress]], behind [[Gloria Stuart]] and [[Judi Dench]] (both 87).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-16|title=Who are the oldest Oscar nominees?|url=https://www.yardbarker.com/entertainment/articles/who_are_the_oldest_oscar_nominees/s1__37160852|access-date=2022-02-18|website=Yardbarker|language=en}}</ref> | In 2003, she narrated a series of [[Slave Narrative Collection|WPA]] & [[slave narrative]]s in the HBO film ''[[Unchained Memories]]''. They were also recipients of the 2004 [[Kennedy Center Honors]]. In 2007 the [[Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album]] was shared by Dee and Ossie Davis for ''With Ossie and Ruby: In This Life Together'', and former President [[Jimmy Carter]].<ref name=wapo/><ref name=usatoday6/> Dee portrayed Mama Lucas in the [[Ridley Scott]] directed crime film ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]'' (2007). Dee acted alongside [[Denzel Washington]] and [[Russell Crowe]]. For her performance she was nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]] losing to [[Tilda Swinton]] for her role in the legal thriller ''[[Michael Clayton]]'' (2007). She won the [[Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role|Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Actress in a Supporting Role]] for the same performance. At 85 years of age, Dee is currently the [[List of oldest and youngest Academy Award winners and nominees|third oldest nominee for Best Supporting Actress]], behind [[Gloria Stuart]] and [[Judi Dench]] (both 87).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-16|title=Who are the oldest Oscar nominees?|url=https://www.yardbarker.com/entertainment/articles/who_are_the_oldest_oscar_nominees/s1__37160852|access-date=2022-02-18|website=Yardbarker|language=en}}</ref> | ||
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==Personal life== | ==Personal life== | ||
=== Marriage === | === Marriage === | ||
Ruby Wallace married blues singer Frankie Dee Brown in 1941, and began using his middle name as her stage name. The couple divorced in 1945.<ref name=wapo/> Three years later she married actor [[Ossie Davis]], whom she met while costarring in [[Robert Ardrey]]'s 1946 Broadway play ''[[Jeb (play)|Jeb]]''.<ref name=nyt>{{cite news| | Ruby Wallace married blues singer Frankie Dee Brown in 1941, and began using his middle name as her stage name. The couple divorced in 1945.<ref name=wapo/> Three years later she married actor [[Ossie Davis]], whom she met while costarring in [[Robert Ardrey]]'s 1946 Broadway play ''[[Jeb (play)|Jeb]]''.<ref name=nyt>{{cite news|first=Felicia R. |last=Lee |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/20/garden/at-home-with-ossie-davis-and-ruby-dee-art-and-politics-keeping-it-all-fresh.html |title=At home with: Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee; Art and Politics: Keeping It All Fresh |newspaper = The New York Times |date=April 20, 1995 |access-date=June 12, 2014}}</ref> Together, Dee and Davis wrote an autobiography in which they discussed their political activism and their decision to have an [[open marriage]] (later changing their views).<ref>{{cite web | author=Sheri Stritof; Bob Stritof | url=http://marriage.about.com/od/quotes/a/ossierubyopen.htm | title=Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee on Open Marriage | publisher=About.com | access-date=2007-01-11 | archive-date=February 10, 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210143920/http://marriage.about.com/od/quotes/a/ossierubyopen.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://marriage.about.com/od/quotes/a/ossierubyopen.htm|title=Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee on Open Marriage|work=About.com|access-date=July 30, 2008|archive-date=February 10, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210143920/http://marriage.about.com/od/quotes/a/ossierubyopen.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Together they had three children: son, blues musician [[Guy Davis (musician)|Guy Davis]], and two daughters, Nora Day and Hasna Muhammad. Dee was a [[breast cancer]] survivor of more than three decades.<ref name=abc>{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/oscar-nominee-ruby-dee-died-91/story?id=24107963 |title=Oscar Nominee Ruby Dee Dead at 91 – ABC News |work=ABC News |date=October 16, 2013 |access-date=June 12, 2014}}</ref> In 1979, the [[Supersisters]] trading card set was produced and distributed; one of the cards featured Dee's name and picture.<ref>{{cite web|last=Wulf |first=Steve |url=https://www.espn.com/espnw/news-commentary/story/_/id/12535055/original-roster |title=Supersisters: Original Roster |publisher=ESPN |date=2015-03-23 |access-date=2015-06-04}}</ref> | ||
=== Political activism === | === Political activism === | ||
Dee and Davis were well-known [[Civil and political rights|civil rights]] activists in the [[Civil Rights Movement]].<ref>[http://www.ossieandruby.com The official site of Ossie Davis & Ruby Dee], ossieandruby.com; accessed March 3, 2014.</ref> Dee was a member of the [[Congress of Racial Equality]] (CORE), the [[NAACP]], the [[Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee]], [[Delta Sigma Theta]] sorority, and the [[Southern Christian Leadership Conference]]. She was also as an active member of the Harlem Writers Guild for over 40 years. In 1963, Dee [[emcee]]d the [[March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom]].<ref name=chron>{{cite web | | Dee and Davis were well-known [[Civil and political rights|civil rights]] activists in the [[Civil Rights Movement]].<ref>[http://www.ossieandruby.com The official site of Ossie Davis & Ruby Dee], ossieandruby.com; accessed March 3, 2014.</ref> Dee was a member of the [[Congress of Racial Equality]] (CORE), the [[NAACP]], the [[Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee]], [[Delta Sigma Theta]] sorority, and the [[Southern Christian Leadership Conference]]. She was also as an active member of the Harlem Writers Guild for over 40 years. In 1963, Dee [[emcee]]d the [[March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom]].<ref name=chron>{{cite web |first=Mark |last=Kennedy|url=https://www.chron.com/entertainment/article/Ruby-Dee-s-legacy-of-activism-acting-mourned-5548224.php |title=Ruby Dee's legacy of activism, acting mourned – Houston Chronicle |publisher=Chron.com|date=June 12, 2014 |access-date=June 12, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140613175552/http://www.chron.com/entertainment/article/Ruby-Dee-s-legacy-of-activism-acting-mourned-5548224.php |archive-date=June 13, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Dee and Davis were both personal friends of both [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] and [[Malcolm X]], with Davis giving the [[eulogy]] at Malcolm X's funeral in 1965.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malcolmx.com/about/eulogy.html|title=Malcolm X's Eulogy|access-date=September 6, 2009|publisher=The Official Website of Malcolm X|last=Davis|first=Ossie|author-link=Ossie Davis|date=February 27, 1965|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110705/http://www.malcolmx.com/about/eulogy.html|archive-date=October 6, 2014|df=mdy-all}}</ref> In 1970, she won the [[Frederick Douglass]] Award from the New York [[Urban League]].<ref name=cnn_obit/> In 1999, Dee and Davis were arrested at [[1 Police Plaza]], the headquarters of the [[New York Police Department]], protesting the police shooting of [[Amadou Diallo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/News/9903/24/showbuzz/index.html |title=Showbuzz – March 24, 1999 |website=CNN|date=March 24, 1999 |access-date=June 12, 2014}}</ref> | ||
In early 2003, ''[[The Nation]]'' published "Not in Our Name", an open proclamation vowing opposition to the impending US [[Iraq War|invasion of Iraq]]. Ruby Dee and Ossie Davis were among the signatories, along with [[Robert Altman]], [[Noam Chomsky]], [[Susan Sarandon]], and [[Howard Zinn]], among others.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}} In November 2005, Dee was awarded – along with her late husband – the Lifetime Achievement Freedom Award, presented by the National Civil Rights Museum located in [[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]]. Dee, a long-time resident of [[New Rochelle, New York]], was inducted into the [[New Rochelle Walk of Fame]] which honors the most notable residents from throughout the community's 325-year history. She was also inducted into the [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester County]] Women's Hall of Fame on March 30, 2007, joining such other honorees as [[Hillary Clinton]] and [[Nita Lowey]].<ref name=wc>{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Ruby Dee To Be Named To Women's Hall Of Fame|url=http://westchester.com/Westchester_News/Westchester_Community_News/Ruby_Dee_To_Be_Named_To_Women's_Hall_Of_Fame_200703067510.html|work=Westchester.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506081112/http://westchester.com/Westchester_News/Westchester_Community_News/Ruby_Dee_To_Be_Named_To_Women%27s_Hall_Of_Fame_200703067510.html|date=March 6, 2007|archive-date=May 6, 2007|access-date=January 23, 2008|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> In 2009, she received an honorary [[Doctor of Fine Arts]] degree from [[Princeton University]].<ref name=usatoday6>{{cite web|url=http://entertainthis.usatoday.com/2014/06/12/6-great-moments-from-ruby-dees-legendary-career/ |title=6 great moments from Ruby Dee's legendary career | Entertain This! |publisher=Entertainthis.usatoday.com |access-date=June 12, 2014}}</ref><ref>[https://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S24/39/63E27/index.xml?section=newsreleases Princeton awards five honorary degrees] (news release) News at Princeton. Princeton University. June 2, 2009. Retrieved May 3, 2016</ref> | In early 2003, ''[[The Nation]]'' published "Not in Our Name", an open proclamation vowing opposition to the impending US [[Iraq War|invasion of Iraq]]. Ruby Dee and Ossie Davis were among the signatories, along with [[Robert Altman]], [[Noam Chomsky]], [[Susan Sarandon]], and [[Howard Zinn]], among others.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}} In November 2005, Dee was awarded – along with her late husband – the Lifetime Achievement Freedom Award, presented by the National Civil Rights Museum located in [[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]]. Dee, a long-time resident of [[New Rochelle, New York]], was inducted into the [[New Rochelle Walk of Fame]] which honors the most notable residents from throughout the community's 325-year history. She was also inducted into the [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester County]] Women's Hall of Fame on March 30, 2007, joining such other honorees as [[Hillary Clinton]] and [[Nita Lowey]].<ref name=wc>{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Ruby Dee To Be Named To Women's Hall Of Fame|url=http://westchester.com/Westchester_News/Westchester_Community_News/Ruby_Dee_To_Be_Named_To_Women's_Hall_Of_Fame_200703067510.html|work=Westchester.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506081112/http://westchester.com/Westchester_News/Westchester_Community_News/Ruby_Dee_To_Be_Named_To_Women%27s_Hall_Of_Fame_200703067510.html|date=March 6, 2007|archive-date=May 6, 2007|access-date=January 23, 2008|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> In 2009, she received an honorary [[Doctor of Fine Arts]] degree from [[Princeton University]].<ref name=usatoday6>{{cite web|url=http://entertainthis.usatoday.com/2014/06/12/6-great-moments-from-ruby-dees-legendary-career/ |title=6 great moments from Ruby Dee's legendary career | Entertain This! |publisher=Entertainthis.usatoday.com |access-date=June 12, 2014}}</ref><ref>[https://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S24/39/63E27/index.xml?section=newsreleases Princeton awards five honorary degrees] (news release) News at Princeton. Princeton University. June 2, 2009. Retrieved May 3, 2016</ref> | ||
=== Death === | === Death === | ||
Dee died on June 11, 2014, at her home in [[New Rochelle, New York]], from [[Manner of death|natural causes]] at the age of 91.<ref>{{cite news|last1=NEUMAIER|first1=Joe|title=Ruby Dee dead at 91|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/movies/ruby-dee-dead-91-article-1.1827040|access-date=June 12, 2014| | Dee died on June 11, 2014, at her home in [[New Rochelle, New York]], from [[Manner of death|natural causes]] at the age of 91.<ref>{{cite news|last1=NEUMAIER|first1=Joe|title=Ruby Dee dead at 91|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/movies/ruby-dee-dead-91-article-1.1827040|access-date=June 12, 2014|newspaper=New York Daily News|date=June 12, 2014}}</ref> In a statement, [[Gil Robertson IV]] of the [[African-American Film Critics Association]] said, "the members of the African American Film Critics Association are deeply saddened at the loss of actress and humanitarian Ruby Dee. Throughout her seven-decade career, Dee embraced different creative platforms with her various interpretations of black womanhood and also used her gifts to champion for Human Rights."<ref name=cnn_obit>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/06/12/showbiz/obit-ruby-dee/ |title=Ruby Dee was a formidable force on screen, in civil rights movement|first=Alan|last=Duke|author2=Todd Leopold|date=June 12, 2014 |website=[[CNN]] |access-date=June 12, 2014}}</ref> | ||
"She very peacefully surrendered", said her daughter Nora Day. "We hugged her, we kissed her, we gave her our permission to go. She opened her eyes. She looked at us. She closed her eyes, and she set sail." Following her death, the marquee on the [[Apollo Theater]] read: "A TRUE APOLLO LEGEND RUBY DEE 1922–2014".<ref>Denis Slattery, Joe Dziemianowicz, Larry McShane, [http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/movies/ruby-dee-dead-91-article-1.1827040 "Ruby Dee dead at 91: Legendary stage and screen actress — and Civil Rights leader — frequently costarred with husband Ossie Davis"], ''Daily News'' (New York), June 12, 2014.</ref> | "She very peacefully surrendered", said her daughter Nora Day. "We hugged her, we kissed her, we gave her our permission to go. She opened her eyes. She looked at us. She closed her eyes, and she set sail." Following her death, the marquee on the [[Apollo Theater]] read: "A TRUE APOLLO LEGEND RUBY DEE 1922–2014".<ref>Denis Slattery, Joe Dziemianowicz, Larry McShane, [http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/movies/ruby-dee-dead-91-article-1.1827040 "Ruby Dee dead at 91: Legendary stage and screen actress — and Civil Rights leader — frequently costarred with husband Ossie Davis"], ''Daily News'' (New York), June 12, 2014.</ref> | ||
| Line 131: | Line 135: | ||
|1973 || ''[[Wattstax]]'' || Herself|| | |1973 || ''[[Wattstax]]'' || Herself|| | ||
|- | |- | ||
|1975 || ''Lorraine Hansberry: The Black Experience in the Creation of Drama''<ref>{{cite news|author=Mary Emblen; Alvin Klein |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/29/nyregion/new-jersey-guide.html |title=New Jersey Guide – 'Star Trek' Exhibition | | |1975 || ''Lorraine Hansberry: The Black Experience in the Creation of Drama''<ref>{{cite news|author=Mary Emblen; Alvin Klein |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/29/nyregion/new-jersey-guide.html |title=New Jersey Guide – 'Star Trek' Exhibition |newspaper = The New York Times |date=January 29, 1995 |access-date=June 13, 2014}}</ref> || Herself || Short | ||
|- | |- | ||
|1976 || ''[[Countdown at Kusini]]''<ref name=nyt_filmography/> ||Leah Matanzima || | |1976 || ''[[Countdown at Kusini]]''<ref name=nyt_filmography/> ||Leah Matanzima || | ||
| Line 194: | Line 198: | ||
|rowspan=2|2012|| ''Long Distance Revolutionary: A Journey With Mumia Abu-Jamal'' || Herself||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/now-you-too-will-be-able-to-see-long-distance-revolutionary-a-journey-with-mumia-abu-jamal |title=Now You Too Will Be Able To See 'Long Distance Revolutionary: A Journey with Mumia Abu-Jamal'|Shadow and Act |work=Shadow and Act |publisher=Blogs.indiewire.com |access-date=June 13, 2014 |last1=Obenson |first1=Tambay A. }}</ref> | |rowspan=2|2012|| ''Long Distance Revolutionary: A Journey With Mumia Abu-Jamal'' || Herself||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/now-you-too-will-be-able-to-see-long-distance-revolutionary-a-journey-with-mumia-abu-jamal |title=Now You Too Will Be Able To See 'Long Distance Revolutionary: A Journey with Mumia Abu-Jamal'|Shadow and Act |work=Shadow and Act |publisher=Blogs.indiewire.com |access-date=June 13, 2014 |last1=Obenson |first1=Tambay A. }}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[A Thousand Words (film)|A Thousand Words]]'' ||Annie McCall ||<ref name=nyt_filmography>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movies/person/18243/Ruby-Dee/filmography |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716163333/http://www.nytimes.com/movies/person/18243/Ruby-Dee/filmography |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 16, 2014 |title=Ruby Dee – Filmography – Movies & TV |department=Movies & TV Dept. | | | ''[[A Thousand Words (film)|A Thousand Words]]'' ||Annie McCall ||<ref name=nyt_filmography>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movies/person/18243/Ruby-Dee/filmography |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716163333/http://www.nytimes.com/movies/person/18243/Ruby-Dee/filmography |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 16, 2014 |title=Ruby Dee – Filmography – Movies & TV |department=Movies & TV Dept. |newspaper=The New York Times |date=2014 |access-date=June 13, 2014}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2013 || ''[[1982 (2013 film)|1982]]''|| Rose Brown|| Final role | | 2013 || ''[[1982 (2013 film)|1982]]''|| Rose Brown|| Final role | ||
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|TV movie | |TV movie | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2013 || ''[[Betty & Coretta]]'' ||Narrator ||TV movie<ref>{{cite web |last=Sharp |first=Diamond |url=http://www.theroot.com/articles/culture/2014/06/ruby_dee_advice_from_a_legend.html?wpisrc=burger |title=Ruby Dee: Advice From a Legend | | | 2013 || ''[[Betty & Coretta]]'' ||Narrator ||TV movie<ref>{{cite web |last=Sharp |first=Diamond |url=http://www.theroot.com/articles/culture/2014/06/ruby_dee_advice_from_a_legend.html?wpisrc=burger |title=Ruby Dee: Advice From a Legend |website=The Root|date=June 13, 2014 |access-date=June 13, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304034815/http://www.theroot.com/articles/culture/2014/06/ruby_dee_advice_from_a_legend.html?wpisrc=burger |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| Herself | | Herself | ||
| {{win}} | | {{win}} | ||
| <ref name=variety | | <ref name=variety /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[22nd Daytime Emmy Awards|Daytime Emmy Awards]] | | [[22nd Daytime Emmy Awards|Daytime Emmy Awards]] | ||
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| Herself | | Herself | ||
| {{win}} | | {{win}} | ||
| <ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.startribune.com/lifestyle/relationship/262922341.html |title='Missed but never forgotten' _ Ruby Dee's legacy of activism and acting mourned |newspaper=Star Tribune |access-date=June 12, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140614235613/http://www.startribune.com/lifestyle/relationship/262922341.html |archive-date=June 14, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> | | <ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.startribune.com/lifestyle/relationship/262922341.html |title='Missed but never forgotten' _ Ruby Dee's legacy of activism and acting mourned |newspaper=Star Tribune|first=Mark|last=Kennedy|date=June 12, 2014 |access-date=June 12, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140614235613/http://www.startribune.com/lifestyle/relationship/262922341.html |archive-date=June 14, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[NAACP Image Awards]] | | [[NAACP Image Awards]] | ||
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| Herself | | Herself | ||
| {{win}} | | {{win}} | ||
| <ref>[http://www.wifv.org/programs/women-of-vision-awards/ Women of Vision Awards]. WIFV.org.</ref> | | <ref>[http://www.wifv.org/programs/women-of-vision-awards/ Women of Vision Awards {{!}} 2003]. WIFV.org.</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2007 | | 2007 | ||
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| ''With Ossie and Ruby'' | | ''With Ossie and Ruby'' | ||
| {{win}} | | {{win}} | ||
| <ref name=wapo/><ref>{{cite news|first1=Jeff|first2=Lorne|last2=Manly|last1=Leeds|title=Defiant Dixie Chicks Are Big Winners at the Grammys|date=2007-02-12|access-date=2015-09-20|newspaper= | | <ref name=wapo/><ref>{{cite news|first1=Jeff|first2=Lorne|last2=Manly|last1=Leeds|title=Defiant Dixie Chicks Are Big Winners at the Grammys|date=2007-02-12|access-date=2015-09-20|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/12/arts/music/12gram.html}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="8" | 2008 | | rowspan="8" | 2008 | ||
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| rowspan="6" | ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]'' | | rowspan="6" | ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]'' | ||
| {{win}} | | {{win}} | ||
| <ref>{{cite | | <ref>{{cite news|url=http://atlantablackstar.com/2014/06/12/iconic-actress-activist-ruby-dee-dead-89/ |title=Iconic Actress and Activist Ruby Dee Dead at 91 |newspaper=Atlanta Black Star |first=Taylor|last=Gordon|date= June 12, 2014|access-date=June 12, 2014}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[NAACP Image Awards]] | | [[NAACP Image Awards]] | ||
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{{more citations needed section|date=August 2016}} | {{more citations needed section|date=August 2016}} | ||
* ''The Original Read-In for Peace in Vietnam'' ([[Folkways Records]], 1967)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.folkways.si.edu/the-original-read-in-for-peace-in-vietnam/american-history-poetry-world-history/album/smithsonian |title=Smithsonian Folkways – The Original Read-In for Peace in Vietnam – Various Artists |publisher=Folkways.si.edu |date=March 20, 2013 |access-date=June 13, 2014}}</ref> | * ''The Original Read-In for Peace in Vietnam'' ([[Folkways Records]], 1967)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.folkways.si.edu/the-original-read-in-for-peace-in-vietnam/american-history-poetry-world-history/album/smithsonian |title=Smithsonian Folkways – The Original Read-In for Peace in Vietnam – Various Artists |publisher=Folkways.si.edu |date=March 20, 2013 |access-date=June 13, 2014}}</ref> | ||
* ''The Poetry of Langston Hughes'' (with [[Ossie Davis]]. [[Caedmon Records]], no date, TC 1272)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/01/04/22/specials/hughes-abused.html |title=Langston Hughes – The Most Abused Poet in America? | | * ''The Poetry of Langston Hughes'' (with [[Ossie Davis]]. [[Caedmon Records]], no date, TC 1272)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/01/04/22/specials/hughes-abused.html |title=Langston Hughes – The Most Abused Poet in America? |newspaper=The New York Times |date=June 29, 1969 |access-date=June 13, 2014}}</ref> | ||
*''Let Us Now Praise Famous Men'' (with George Grizzard. Caedmon Records, 1970, TC 1324) | *''Let Us Now Praise Famous Men'' (with George Grizzard. Caedmon Records, 1970, TC 1324) | ||
*''Tough Poems For Tough People'' (with Ossie Davis and Henry Braun. Caedmon Records, 1972, TC 1396) | *''Tough Poems For Tough People'' (with Ossie Davis and Henry Braun. Caedmon Records, 1972, TC 1396) | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{wikiquote}} | |||
{{Commons category|Ruby Dee}} | {{Commons category|Ruby Dee}} | ||
* {{IMDb name|0002039}} | * {{IMDb name|0002039}} | ||
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[[Category:American stage actresses]] | [[Category:American stage actresses]] | ||
[[Category:American television actresses]] | [[Category:American television actresses]] | ||
[[Category:American women civil rights activists]] | |||
[[Category:Burials at Ferncliff Cemetery]] | [[Category:Burials at Ferncliff Cemetery]] | ||
[[Category:Caedmon Records artists]] | [[Category:Caedmon Records artists]] | ||
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[[Category:Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award]] | [[Category:Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award]] | ||
[[Category:United States National Medal of Arts recipients]] | [[Category:United States National Medal of Arts recipients]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:12, 28 December 2025
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for clobbered parameters".Template:Wikidata image
Ruby Dee (born Ruby Ann Wallace; October 27, 1922 – June 11, 2014) was an American actress. She was married to Ossie Davis, with whom she frequently performed until his death in 2014.[1] She received numerous accolades, including an Emmy Award, a Grammy Award, an Obie Award, and a Drama Desk Award, as well as a nomination for an Academy Award. She was honored with the National Medal of Arts in 1995, the Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award in 2000, and the Kennedy Center Honors in 2004.
Dee started her career with the American Negro Theatre. She made her Broadway debut in South Pacific (1943). She met her future husband working together on the play Jeb (1946). She originated the Broadway roles of Ruth Younger in Lorraine Hansberry's A Raisin in the Sun (1959) and reprised the role in the 1961 film and Lutiebell Gussie Mae Jenkins in the Ossie Davis play Purlie Victorious (1961) and reprised the role in the 1963 film.
She made her film debut in That Man of Mine (1946) before landing a leading roles in films such as The Jackie Robinson Story (1950), Edge of the City (1957), Take a Giant Step (1959), and Buck and the Preacher (1972). She also acted in the Ossie Davis film Black Girl (1972), and the Spike Lee films Do the Right Thing (1989) and Jungle Fever (1991). For her performance in American Gangster (2007), Dee was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Female Actor in a Supporting Role.
Dee received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations for her roles in The Doctors and the Nurses (1964) and Decoration Day (1990). She was nominated for her other roles in Roots: The Next Generations (1979), Lincoln (1988), China Beach (1990), and Evening Shade (1993). She also acted in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1979), Long Day's Journey into Night (1982), Go Tell It on the Mountain (1985), The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson (1990), and The Stand (1994). She voiced Alice the Great in the Nick Jr. series Little Bill from 1999 to 2004.
Early life and education
Dee was born Ruby Ann Wallace on October 27, 1922, in Cleveland, Ohio,[2] the daughter of Gladys (née Hightower) and Marshall Edward Nathaniel Wallace, a cook, waiter and porter.[3] After her mother left the family, Dee's father remarried, to Emma Amelia Benson, a schoolteacher.[4][5][6]
Dee was raised in Harlem, New York.[7] Prior to attending Hunter College High School, she studied at Public Schools 119 and 136.[8] Then, she went on to graduate from Hunter College with a degree in Romance languages in 1945.[9] She was a member of Delta Sigma Theta.[10]
Career
1940–1959: Early acting roles
Dee joined the American Negro Theatre as an apprentice, working with Sidney Poitier, Harry Belafonte, and Hilda Simms.[9] She made her Broadway debut portraying a Native in the play South Pacific[11] (1943). She played the title role in the Eugene O'Neill play Anna Lucasta.[12] She met her future husband Ossie Davis in the post-World War II play Jeb (1946). That same year she was in her first onscreen role in the musical That Man of Mine (1946). The following year she acted in the crime film The Fight Never Ends (1947).
She received national recognition for her portrayal of Rachel Robinson in the sports drama film The Jackie Robinson Story (1950).[7] Bosley Crowther of The New York Times praised Dee's performance describing her as "the well restrained sweetheart".[13] Also in 1950 she had an uncredited role in film noir No Way Out directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz. She continued acting in films such as the historical crime film The Tall Target (1951), the sports film Go Man Go (1954), the music film St. Louis Blues (1958), and the British drama Virgin Island (1958). During this time she took a role in the film noir Edge of the City (1957) starring alongside John Cassavetes and Sidney Poitier.
1959–1979: Breakthrough and acclaim
In 1959 she gained prominence for originating the role of Ruth Younger in the Lorraine Hansberry's play A Raisin in the Sun which premiered on Broadway. She acted alongside Sidney Poitier and Louis Gossett Jr. The play was the first play written by a Black woman to be produced on Broadway. She reprised the role in the 1961 film of the same name. She returned to Broadway in the Ossie Davis satirical farce Purlie Victorious (1961) portraying Lutiebell Gussie Mae Jenkins. Howard Taubman of The New York Times wrote of Dee's performance, "[she] has been treated generously. As Lutiebell she has enough humor and charm to make one envy Purlie Victorious that she is eager disciple".[14] She acted opposite her husband Ossie Davis and Alan Alda in his acting debut. They reprised their roles of the 1963 film entitled Gone Are the Days!, which was produced by Brock Peters and directed by Nicholas Webster.
Her career in acting crossed all major forms of media over a span of eight decades, including the films A Raisin in the Sun, in which she recreated her stage role as a suffering housewife in the projects, and Edge of the City. She played both roles opposite Poitier.[9] She received the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie for her role on The Doctors and the Nurses (1964). In 1965, Dee performed in lead roles at the American Shakespeare Festival as Kate in The Taming of the Shrew and Cordelia in King Lear, becoming the first black actress to portray a lead role in the festival. In 1963 she acted in the film The Balcony with Shelley Winters, Peter Falk, Lee Grant, and Leonard Nimoy. She then acted in the film noir The Incident (1967), the drama film Uptight (1968), and the documentary King: A Filmed Record... Montgomery to Memphis (1970).
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In 1969, Dee appeared in 20 episodes of Peyton Place.[7] She acted in Ossie Davis' films Black Girl (1972) and Countdown at Kusini (1976) and the Western film Buck and the Preacher with Sidney Poitier and Harry Belafonte. She appeared as Cora Sanders, a Marxist college professor, in season 1, episode 14 of Police Woman, entitled "Target Black" which aired on Friday night, January 3, 1975. The character of Cora Sanders was obviously, but loosely, influenced by the real-life Angela Davis. She appeared in one episode of The Golden Girls' sixth season. She played Queen Haley in the miniseries Roots: The Next Generations (1979) for which she received a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie.[7] She acted in the CBS television film I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1979) based on the Maya Angelou autobiography of the same name.
1980–2014
Dee was nominated for eight Emmy Awards, winning once for her role in the 1990 TV film Decoration Day. She was nominated for her television guest appearance in the China Beach episode, "Skylark". Her husband Ossie Davis (1917–2005) also appeared in the episode. She appeared in Spike Lee's 1989 film Do the Right Thing, and his 1991 film Jungle Fever.[7] She starred in the television films portraying Mary Tyrone in Long Day's Journey into Night (1982) and Mrs. Grimes in Go Tell It on the Mountain (1985).
Dee returned to Broadway in the play Checkmates written by Ron Milner. She acted alongside Denzel Washington, Paul Winfield and Marsha Jackson. In 1990, she portrayed Zora Neale Hurston in Zora Is My Name! and played Jackie Robinson's mother in The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson. That same year she earned a Primetime Emmy Award for her role in Decoration Day (1990). In 1993, Dee performed at the Crossroads Theater in her own adaptation of Rosa Guy's novel The Disappearance, calling the production not a play but "enhanced story telling".[15]
Dee played Mother Abagail Freemantle in the Stephen King miniseries The Stand (1994). She collaborated with comedian Bill Cosby acting in both Cosby in 1998 and voicing Alice the Great in the Nick Jr. animated series Little Bill from 1999 to 2004. The next year she and Davis were awarded the National Medal of Arts from President Bill Clinton.[16]
In 2003, she narrated a series of WPA & slave narratives in the HBO film Unchained Memories. They were also recipients of the 2004 Kennedy Center Honors. In 2007 the Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album was shared by Dee and Ossie Davis for With Ossie and Ruby: In This Life Together, and former President Jimmy Carter.[9][17] Dee portrayed Mama Lucas in the Ridley Scott directed crime film American Gangster (2007). Dee acted alongside Denzel Washington and Russell Crowe. For her performance she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress losing to Tilda Swinton for her role in the legal thriller Michael Clayton (2007). She won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Actress in a Supporting Role for the same performance. At 85 years of age, Dee is currently the third oldest nominee for Best Supporting Actress, behind Gloria Stuart and Judi Dench (both 87).[18]
On February 12, 2009, Dee joined the Aaron Copland School of Music at Queens College orchestra and chorus, along with the Riverside Inspirational Choir and NYC Labor Choir, in honoring Abraham Lincoln's 200th birthday at the Riverside Church in New York City. Under the direction of Maurice Peress, they performed Earl Robinson's The Lonesome Train: A Music Legend for Actors, Folk Singers, Choirs, and Orchestra, in which Dee was the narrator.[19] Dee's last role in a theatrically released film was in the Eddie Murphy comedy A Thousand Words, in which she portrayed the mother of Murphy's protagonist. In 2013 she narrated the Lifetime film Betty & Coretta starring Angela Bassett and Mary J. Blige. Her final film role is in 1982, which premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival[20] and was released on home video on March 1, 2016.[21] It is unknown whether her final role will ever be seen, as King Dog was in production at the time of her death,[22] and no release date has ever been announced.
Personal life
Marriage
Ruby Wallace married blues singer Frankie Dee Brown in 1941, and began using his middle name as her stage name. The couple divorced in 1945.[9] Three years later she married actor Ossie Davis, whom she met while costarring in Robert Ardrey's 1946 Broadway play Jeb.[23] Together, Dee and Davis wrote an autobiography in which they discussed their political activism and their decision to have an open marriage (later changing their views).[24][25] Together they had three children: son, blues musician Guy Davis, and two daughters, Nora Day and Hasna Muhammad. Dee was a breast cancer survivor of more than three decades.[26] In 1979, the Supersisters trading card set was produced and distributed; one of the cards featured Dee's name and picture.[27]
Political activism
Dee and Davis were well-known civil rights activists in the Civil Rights Movement.[28] Dee was a member of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the NAACP, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Delta Sigma Theta sorority, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. She was also as an active member of the Harlem Writers Guild for over 40 years. In 1963, Dee emceed the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.[29] Dee and Davis were both personal friends of both Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X, with Davis giving the eulogy at Malcolm X's funeral in 1965.[30] In 1970, she won the Frederick Douglass Award from the New York Urban League.[7] In 1999, Dee and Davis were arrested at 1 Police Plaza, the headquarters of the New York Police Department, protesting the police shooting of Amadou Diallo.[31]
In early 2003, The Nation published "Not in Our Name", an open proclamation vowing opposition to the impending US invasion of Iraq. Ruby Dee and Ossie Davis were among the signatories, along with Robert Altman, Noam Chomsky, Susan Sarandon, and Howard Zinn, among others.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". In November 2005, Dee was awarded – along with her late husband – the Lifetime Achievement Freedom Award, presented by the National Civil Rights Museum located in Memphis. Dee, a long-time resident of New Rochelle, New York, was inducted into the New Rochelle Walk of Fame which honors the most notable residents from throughout the community's 325-year history. She was also inducted into the Westchester County Women's Hall of Fame on March 30, 2007, joining such other honorees as Hillary Clinton and Nita Lowey.[32] In 2009, she received an honorary Doctor of Fine Arts degree from Princeton University.[17][33]
Death
Dee died on June 11, 2014, at her home in New Rochelle, New York, from natural causes at the age of 91.[34] In a statement, Gil Robertson IV of the African-American Film Critics Association said, "the members of the African American Film Critics Association are deeply saddened at the loss of actress and humanitarian Ruby Dee. Throughout her seven-decade career, Dee embraced different creative platforms with her various interpretations of black womanhood and also used her gifts to champion for Human Rights."[7]
"She very peacefully surrendered", said her daughter Nora Day. "We hugged her, we kissed her, we gave her our permission to go. She opened her eyes. She looked at us. She closed her eyes, and she set sail." Following her death, the marquee on the Apollo Theater read: "A TRUE APOLLO LEGEND RUBY DEE 1922–2014".[35]
Dee was cremated, and her ashes are held in the same urn as that of Davis, with the inscription "In this thing together".[9] A public memorial celebration honoring Dee was held on September 20, 2014, at the Riverside Church in Upper Manhattan.[36] Their shared urn was buried at Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York.[37]
Acting credits
Filmography
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| Year | Title | Role | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1946 | That Man of Mine[7] | Joan | First film |
| 1947 | Easy to Get[38] | Drugstore girl | U.S. Army venereal disease training film |
| The Fight Never Ends[39] | Jane | ||
| 1948 | What a Guy | [39] | |
| 1950 | The Jackie Robinson Story | Rae Robinson | |
| No Way Out | Connie Brooks | Uncredited | |
| 1951 | The Tall Target | Rachel | |
| 1954 | Go, Man, Go! | Irma Jackson | |
| 1957 | Edge of the City | Lucy Tyler | |
| 1958 | St. Louis Blues | Elizabeth | |
| Virgin Island | Ruth | ||
| 1959 | Take a Giant Step | Christine | |
| 1961 | A Raisin in the Sun | Ruth Younger | |
| 1963 | The Balcony | Thief | |
| Gone Are the Days! | Lutiebelle Gussie Mae Jenkins | ||
| 1967 | The Incident | Joan Robinson | |
| 1968 | Up Tight! | Laurie | |
| 1970 | King: A Filmed Record... Montgomery to Memphis | Herself | Documentary |
| 1972 | Buck and the Preacher | Ruth | |
| Black Girl | Netta's Mother | ||
| 1973 | Wattstax | Herself | |
| 1975 | Lorraine Hansberry: The Black Experience in the Creation of Drama[40] | Herself | Short |
| 1976 | Countdown at Kusini[41] | Leah Matanzima | |
| 1980 | The Torture of Mothers[39] | Short | |
| 1982 | Cat People | Female | |
| 1989 | Do the Right Thing | Mother Sister | |
| 1990 | Love at Large | Corrine Dart | |
| 1991 | Jungle Fever | Lucinda Purify | |
| 1993 | Color Adjustment | Narrator | Documentary |
| Cop and a Half | Rachel | ||
| 1995 | Just Cause | Evangeline | |
| Tuesday Morning Ride[42] | Jennie | Short | |
| 1997 | A Simple Wish | Hortense | |
| 1998 | A Time to Dance: The Life and Work of Norma Canner | Narrator | Documentary[41] |
| 1999 | Baby Geniuses[41] | Margo | |
| The Unfinished Journey[43] | Narrator | Short | |
| 2003 | Beah: A Black Woman Speaks | Herself | Documentary |
| 2006 | No. 2 | Nanna Maria | |
| The Way Back Home | Maude | ||
| 2007 | All About Us[41] | Ms. Ella | |
| American Gangster | Mama Lucas | ||
| Steam | Doris | ||
| 2009 | The Perfect Age of Rock 'n' Roll[41] | Miss Candy | |
| The New Neighbors[44] | Narrator | Short | |
| 2010 | Dream Street | Laura | [45] |
| 2011 | Video Girl | Valerie | [46] |
| Politics of Love[41] | Grandma 'Estelle' Roseanne Gupta | ||
| Red & Blue Marbles[41] | Professor June Wright | ||
| 2012 | Long Distance Revolutionary: A Journey With Mumia Abu-Jamal | Herself | [47] |
| A Thousand Words | Annie McCall | [41] | |
| 2013 | 1982 | Rose Brown | Final role |
Television
| Year | Title | Role | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960–1961 | Play of the Week | Lila / Jane | 2 episodes |
| 1961 | Frontiers of Faith[48] | Grace Gilmore | Episode: "The Bitter Cup" |
| 1962 | Seven Times Monday[48] | Lila | TV movie |
| 1963 | Alcoa Premiere | Irene Clayton | Episode: "Impact of an Execution" |
| 1963 | The Doctors and the Nurses | Jenny Bishop | Episode: "Express Stop from Lenox Avenue" |
| 1963 | The Fugitive[48] | Laura Smith | Episode: "Decision in the Ring" |
| 1963 | The Great Adventure[48] | Harriet Tubman | Episode: "Go Down, Moses" |
| 1963 | East Side West Side | Marilyn Marsden | Episode: "No Hiding Place" |
| 1964 | Of Courtship and Marriage[48] | TV movie | |
| 1965 | The Defenders | Catherine Collins | Episode: "The Sworn Twelve" |
| 1966 | Armchair Theatre | Vicky Kingsbury | Episode: "Neighbours" |
| 1967 | Guiding Light | Martha Frazier | Cast member[48] |
| 1968–1969 | Peyton Place | Alma Miles | 25 episodes |
| 1969 | The Bold Ones: The Protectors | Lucinda | Episode: "Deadlock"[48] |
| 1970 | Sesame Street | Herself | |
| 1971 | The Sheriff[48] | Sue Ann Lucas | TV movie |
| 1973 | Tenafly | Jan Lennox | Episode: "The Window That Wasn't" |
| 1974 | It's Good to Be Alive[48] | Ruth Campanella | TV movie |
| 1975 | Police Woman | Cora Sanders | Episode: "Target Black" |
| 1978 | Watch Your Mouth | Mrs. Fullo | Episode: "The Outcast" |
| 1979 | Roots: The Next Generations | Queen Haley | Miniseries[48] |
| 1979 | I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings[48] | Grandmother Baxter | TV movie |
| 1980 | All God's Children[48] | Irene Whitfield | TV movie |
| 1980–1982 | With Ossie and Ruby![48] | Herself | |
| 1982 | Long Day's Journey into Night | Mary Tyrone | TV movie |
| 1985 | Go Tell It on the Mountain | Mrs. Grimes | TV movie |
| 1985 | The Atlanta Child Murders | Faye Williams | Miniseries |
| 1987 | Spenser: For Hire | Eleanor Simpson | Episode: "Personal Demons" |
| 1987 | Crown Dick | Johnson's Mother | TV movie |
| 1988 | Windmills of the Gods[48] | Dorothy | 2 episodes |
| 1988 | Gore Vidal's Lincoln[48] | Elizabeth Keckley | 2 episodes |
| 1990 | Zora Is My Name! | Zora Neale Hurston | TV movie |
| 1990 | American Experience | Narrator | Episode: "Roots of Resistance: The Story of the Underground Railroad" |
| 1990 | China Beach | Ruby | Episode: "Skylark" |
| 1990 | The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson[48] | Jackie's Mother | TV movie |
| 1990 | The Golden Girls[48] | Mammy Watkins | Episode: "Wham, Bam, Thank You, Mammy" |
| 1990 | Decoration Day[48] | Rowena | TV movie |
| 1991 | Jazztime Tale | Narrator[39] | TV movie |
| 1992 | Middle Ages | Estelle Williams | 2 episodes |
| 1993 | The Ernest Green Story | Mrs. Lydia Wilson | TV movie |
| 1993 | Evening Shade | Aurelia Danforth | Episode: "They Can't Take That Away from Me" |
| 1994 | The Stand | Mother Abagail Freemantle | Miniseries |
| 1994 | Whitewash[48] | Grandmother (voice) | TV movie |
| 1995 | American Masters | Narrator | Episode: "Edgar Allan Poe: Terror of the Soul" |
| 1996 | Mr. and Mrs. Loving[48] | Sophia | TV movie |
| 1996 | Captive Heart: The James Mink Story | Indigo | TV movie |
| 1998 | The Wall[48] | Mrs. Mitchell | TV movie |
| 1998 | Promised Land | Alicia | Episode: "Baptism of Fire" |
| 1998 | Cosby | Mattie | Episode: "Ol' Betsy" |
| 1999–2004 | Little Bill | Alice the Great (voice) | 47 episodes |
| 1999 | Passing Glory | Mommit Porter | TV movie |
| 1999 | Having Our Say: The Delany Sisters' First 100 Years | Bessie Delany | TV movie |
| 1999 | Touched by an Angel | LaBelle Springbelt | Episode: "The Christmas Gift" |
| 2000 | A Storm in Summer[48] | Grandmother | TV movie |
| 2000 | Finding Buck McHenry[48] | Mrs. Henry | TV movie |
| 2000 | Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child | Grandma (voice) | Episode: "The Steadfast Tin Soldier" |
| 2001 | Between the Lions | Woodcutter's Wife | Episode: "Bug Beard" |
| 2001 | The Feast of All Saints | Elsie Claviere | Miniseries |
| 2001 | Taking Back Our Town[48] | Emelda West | TV movie |
| 2004 | Fatherhood | Louise (voice) | Episode: "It's a Dad, Dad World" |
| 2005 | Their Eyes Were Watching God | Nanny | TV movie |
| 2007 | CSI: Crime Scene Investigation | Mary Wilson | Episode: "Empty Eyes" |
| 2008 | Meet Mary Pleasant | Herself | TV movie |
| 2009 | America | Mrs. Harper | TV movie |
| 2013 | Betty & Coretta | Narrator | TV movie[49] |
Theatre
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- On Strivers Row (1940)[50]
- Natural Man (1941)[50]
- Starlight (1942)[50]
- Three's a Family (1943)[50]
- South Pacific (1943)[50]
- Walk Hard (1944)[50]
- Jeb (1946)[50]
- Anna Lucasta (1946) (replacement for Hilda Simms)[50]
- Arsenic and Old Lace (1946)[50]
- John Loves Mary (1946)
- A Long Way From Home (1948)[50]
- The Smile of the World (1949)[50]
- The World of Sholom Aleichem (1953)[50]
- A Raisin in the Sun (1959)
- Purlie Victorious (1961)[50]
- King Lear (1965)[50]
- The Taming of the Shrew (1965)[50]
- The Birds (1966)[50]
- Oresteia (1966)[50]
- Boesman and Lena (1970)[50]
- The Imaginary Invalid (1971)[50]
- The Wedding Band (1972)[50]
- Hamlet (1975)[50]
- Bus Stop (1979)
- Twin-Bit Gardens (1979)[50]
- Zora is My Name! (1983)[50]
- Checkmates (1988)[50]
- The Glass Menagerie (1989)[50]
- The Disappearance (1993)[50]
- Flying West (1994)[50]
- Two Hahs-Hahs and a Homeboy (1995)[50]
- My One Good Nerve: A Visit with Ruby Dee (1996)[50]
- A Last Dance for Sybil (2002)[50]
- Saint Lucy's Eyes (2003)[50]
Awards and nominations
Discography
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- The Original Read-In for Peace in Vietnam (Folkways Records, 1967)[69]
- The Poetry of Langston Hughes (with Ossie Davis. Caedmon Records, no date, TC 1272)[70]
- Let Us Now Praise Famous Men (with George Grizzard. Caedmon Records, 1970, TC 1324)
- Tough Poems For Tough People (with Ossie Davis and Henry Braun. Caedmon Records, 1972, TC 1396)
- To Make A Poet Black: The best poems of Countee Cullen (with Ossie Davis. Caedmon Records, 1971, TC 1400
- To Be A Slave (with Ossie Davis. Caedmon Records, 1972, TC 2066)
- The Lost Zoo (Caedmon Records, 1978, TC 1539)
- Why Mosquitoes Buzz In People's Ears and Other Tales (with Ossie Davis. Caedmon Records, 1978, TC 1592)
- What if I am a Woman?, Vol. 1: Black Women's Speeches (Folkways, 1977)[71]
- What if I am a Woman?, Vol. 2: Black Women's Speeches (Folkways, 1977)[72]
- Every Tone a Testimony (Smithsonian Folkways, 2001)[73]
- American Short Stories, Vol 2, Various Artists (eav Lexington, no date, LE 7703)
- American Short Stories, Vol 3, Various Artists (eav Lexington, no date, LE 7704)
- I've got a name, Various Artists (Holt's Impact, 1968, CSM 662)
- At your own risk, Various Artists (Holt's Impact, 1968, CSM 663)
- Conflict, Various Artists (Holt's Impact, 1969, CSM 816)
- Sight lines, Various Artists (Holt's Impact, 1970, SBN 03-071525-3)
- Roses & Revolutions, Various Artists (D.S.T. Telecommunications, Inc., Production, 1975)
- New Dimensions in Music (with John Cullum. CBS Records, 1976, P 13161)
Bibliography
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See also
References
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- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ "Ruby Dee marks 90th birthday with new documentary about her illustrious life with late husband Ossie Davis", New York Daily News, November 13, 2012.
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- ↑ Delta Sigma Theta website Template:Webarchive
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- ↑ Lifetime Honors – National Medal of Arts Template:Webarchive
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- ↑ Zeba Blay, "TIFF 2013 Reviews – Tommy Oliver’s Debut ‘1982’ Provides A Platform For Hill Harper To Shine", IndieWire, September 13, 2013.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ "Ruby Dee, 'A Raisin in the Sun' actress, dies at 91", Penn Live, June 12, 2014.
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- ↑ The official site of Ossie Davis & Ruby Dee, ossieandruby.com; accessed March 3, 2014.
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- ↑ Princeton awards five honorary degrees (news release) News at Princeton. Princeton University. June 2, 2009. Retrieved May 3, 2016
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Denis Slattery, Joe Dziemianowicz, Larry McShane, "Ruby Dee dead at 91: Legendary stage and screen actress — and Civil Rights leader — frequently costarred with husband Ossie Davis", Daily News (New York), June 12, 2014.
- ↑ "Memorial Honoring Ruby Dee Held At Riverside Church", CBS, New York, September 20, 2014.
- ↑ Celebrities & Notables Interred at: Ferncliff Mausoleum. ferncliffcemetery.com. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
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- ↑ Women of Vision Awards | 2003. WIFV.org.
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External links
Template:Sister project Template:Sister project
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- Template:First word Template:PAGENAMEBASE at the Internet Broadway DatabaseTemplate:EditAtWikidataTemplate:WikidataCheck
- Life's Essentials with Ruby Dee
- Archive of American Television interview
- Ruby Dee at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
- Template:Tcmdb name
- Ruby Dee's oral history video excerpts at The National Visionary Leadership Project
- Ruby Dee Discography at Smithsonian Folkways
- Template:C-SPAN
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Categories:
- Pages with script errors
- Pages with broken file links
- IBDB name template using Wikidata
- 1922 births
- 2014 deaths
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