Daifang Commandery: Difference between revisions
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{{Chinese | {{Short description|Historic commandery of China}} | ||
|t = 帶方郡 | {{Chinese | ||
|p = dài fāng jūn | | t = 帶方郡 | ||
|w = Tai-fang-chün | | p = dài fāng jūn | ||
|hangul = 대방군 | | w = Tai-fang-chün | ||
|hanja = | | hangul = 대방군 | ||
|rr = | | hanja = 帶方郡 | ||
|mr = Taepang-kun | | rr = Daebang-gun | ||
| mr = Taepang-kun | |||
| pic = File:Early 4th century Daifang commandery.png | |||
| piccap = Daifang Commandery in the early 4th century. | |||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Daifang Commandery''' was an administrative division established by the Chinese [[Han dynasty]] on the [[Korea|Korean Peninsula]] between 204 and 220. It was conquered by [[Goguryeo]] in 314. | The '''Daifang Commandery''' was an administrative division established by the Chinese [[Han dynasty]] on the [[Korea|Korean Peninsula]] between 204 and 220 CE. It was conquered by [[Goguryeo]] in 314 CE. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
[[Gongsun Kang]], a [[warlord]] in [[Liaodong]], separated the southern half from the [[Lelang | [[Gongsun Kang]], a [[warlord]] in [[Liaodong]], separated the southern half from the [[Lelang Commandery]] and established the Daifang Commandery sometime between 204 and 220 CE to make administration more efficient. He controlled southern natives with Daifang instead of Lelang.{{sfn|Barnes|2001|p=40}} | ||
In 238 under the order of [[Cao Rui|Emperor Ming]] of [[Cao Wei]], [[Sima Yi]] [[Sima Yi's Liaodong campaign|defeated the Gongsun family]] and annexed Liaodong, Lelang and Daifang to Wei.{{sfn|de Crespigny|2007|p=271}} A dispute over the control of southern natives caused their revolt. The armies of Lelang and Daifang eventually stifled it. | In 238 CE, under the order of [[Cao Rui|Emperor Ming]] of [[Cao Wei]], [[Sima Yi]] [[Sima Yi's Liaodong campaign|defeated the Gongsun family]] and annexed Liaodong, Lelang and Daifang to Wei.{{sfn|de Crespigny|2007|p=271}} A dispute over the control of southern natives caused their revolt. The armies of Lelang and Daifang eventually stifled it. | ||
Daifang Commandery was inherited by the [[Jin dynasty ( | Daifang Commandery was inherited by the [[Jin dynasty (266–420)|Jin dynasty]]. Due to the bitter civil [[War of the Eight Princes]], Jin became unable to control the Korean peninsula at the beginning of the 4th century. Zhang Tong (張統) broke away from Jin in Lelang and Daifang. After [[Luoyang]], the capital of Jin, was occupied by the [[Xiongnu]] in 311, he went for help to [[Murong Hui]], a [[Xianbei]] warlord, with his subjects in 314. [[Goguryeo]] under [[Micheon of Goguryeo|King Micheon]] annexed Lelang and Daifang soon after that. | ||
== Area == | == Area == | ||
[[File:Wajinden diagram.svg|thumb|Map illustrating the path from the Daifeng | [[File:Wajinden diagram.svg|thumb|Map illustrating the path from the Daifeng Commandery to [[Yamatai]], and its distances in the ''[[Wajinden]]''.]] | ||
The Daifang Commandery was located around [[Hwanghae]] and its capital was Daifang County. However, the controversy over its location is not resolved yet. According to a Chinese official chronicle, the ''[[Book of Jin]]'' (晉書), it had the following seven counties (縣, ''xian''): | The Daifang Commandery was located around [[Hwanghae]] and its capital was Daifang County. However, the controversy over its location is not resolved yet. According to a Chinese official chronicle, the ''[[Book of Jin]]'' (晉書), it had the following seven counties (縣, ''xian''): | ||
| Line 31: | Line 34: | ||
== Maps == | == Maps == | ||
< | <gallery> | ||
File:Ancient Korea Taihougun.png|Daifang Commandery in 3 | File:Ancient Korea Taihougun.png|Daifang Commandery in 3 CE | ||
</ | </gallery> | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
| Line 49: | Line 52: | ||
*{{citation|last=Barnes|first=Gina L.|year=2001|title=State Formation in Korea: Historical and Archaeological Perspectives|publisher=Routledge}} | *{{citation|last=Barnes|first=Gina L.|year=2001|title=State Formation in Korea: Historical and Archaeological Perspectives|publisher=Routledge}} | ||
*{{citation|last=de Crespigny|first=Rafe|year=2007|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms|publisher=Brill}} | *{{citation|last=de Crespigny|first=Rafe|year=2007|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms|publisher=Brill}} | ||
*Nahm, Andrew C. (1988). ''Korea: Tradition and Transformation - A History of the Korean People.'' Elizabeth, NJ: Hollym International. | *Nahm, Andrew C. (1988). ''[[Korea: Tradition and Transformation|Korea: Tradition and Transformation - A History of the Korean People]].'' Elizabeth, NJ: Hollym International. | ||
[[Category:Early Korean history]] | [[Category:Early Korean history]] | ||
Latest revision as of 05:56, 26 December 2025
Template:Short description Template:Chinese
The Daifang Commandery was an administrative division established by the Chinese Han dynasty on the Korean Peninsula between 204 and 220 CE. It was conquered by Goguryeo in 314 CE.
History
Gongsun Kang, a warlord in Liaodong, separated the southern half from the Lelang Commandery and established the Daifang Commandery sometime between 204 and 220 CE to make administration more efficient. He controlled southern natives with Daifang instead of Lelang.Template:Sfn
In 238 CE, under the order of Emperor Ming of Cao Wei, Sima Yi defeated the Gongsun family and annexed Liaodong, Lelang and Daifang to Wei.Template:Sfn A dispute over the control of southern natives caused their revolt. The armies of Lelang and Daifang eventually stifled it.
Daifang Commandery was inherited by the Jin dynasty. Due to the bitter civil War of the Eight Princes, Jin became unable to control the Korean peninsula at the beginning of the 4th century. Zhang Tong (張統) broke away from Jin in Lelang and Daifang. After Luoyang, the capital of Jin, was occupied by the Xiongnu in 311, he went for help to Murong Hui, a Xianbei warlord, with his subjects in 314. Goguryeo under King Micheon annexed Lelang and Daifang soon after that.
Area
The Daifang Commandery was located around Hwanghae and its capital was Daifang County. However, the controversy over its location is not resolved yet. According to a Chinese official chronicle, the Book of Jin (晉書), it had the following seven counties (縣, xian):
- Daifang (帶方)
- Liekou (列口)
- Nanxin (南新)
- Changcen (長岑)
- Tixi (提奚)
- Hanzi (含資)
- Haiming (海冥)
Maps
-
Daifang Commandery in 3 CE
See also
- Xuantu Commandery
- Lelang Commandery
- Zhenfan Commandery
- Lintun Commandery
- Canghai Commandery
- Three Kingdoms
- Records of Three Kingdoms
References
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Bibliography
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- Nahm, Andrew C. (1988). Korea: Tradition and Transformation - A History of the Korean People. Elizabeth, NJ: Hollym International.