Max Tegmark: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Max Tegmark
| name              = Max Tegmark
| image            = Max Tegmark.jpg
| birth_name        = Max Erik Shapiro
| caption          = Tegmark in 2006
| image            = Max Tegmark 2024 (cropped).jpg
| caption          = Tegmark in 2024
| birth_date        = {{Birth date and age|1967|5|5|df=y}}
| birth_date        = {{Birth date and age|1967|5|5|df=y}}
| birth_place      = [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]
| birth_place      = [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]
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| field            = [[Cosmology]], [[physics]], [[machine learning]]
| field            = [[Cosmology]], [[physics]], [[machine learning]]
| work_institution  = [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]<br />[[Future of Life Institute]]
| work_institution  = [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]<br />[[Future of Life Institute]]
| alma_mater        = [[Royal Institute of Technology]] ([[Master of Science in Engineering|MSE]]) <br />[[Stockholm School of Economics]] ([[B. A.|BA]]) <br />[[University of California, Berkeley]] ([[M. A.|MA]],  [[PhD]])
| alma_mater        = [[Stockholm School of Economics|SSE]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) <br /> [[Royal Institute of Technology|KTH]] ([[Master of Science in Engineering|MSE]]) <br />[[UC Berkeley]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]],  [[PhD]])
| thesis_title      = Probes of the Early Universe
| thesis_title      = Probes of the Early Universe
| thesis_year      = 1994
| thesis_year      = 1994
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| signature        = Signature_of_max_tergmark.jpg
| signature        = Signature_of_max_tergmark.jpg
}}
}}
'''Max Erik Tegmark''' (born 5 May 1967)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://philosophy-of-cosmology.ox.ac.uk/tegmark.html | title=Tegmark - Philosophy of Cosmology }}</ref> is a Swedish-American physicist, [[machine learning]] researcher and author.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Universes of Max Tegmark |url=https://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/ |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=space.mit.edu}}</ref> He is best known for his book ''[[Life 3.0]]'' about what the world might look like as [[artificial intelligence]] continues to improve. Tegmark is a professor at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] and the president of the [[Future of Life Institute]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Max Tegmark |url=https://physics.mit.edu/faculty/max-tegmark/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315043849/https://physics.mit.edu/faculty/max-tegmark/ |archive-date=15 March 2023 |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=[[MIT Department of Physics]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Max Tegmark |url=https://futureoflife.org/person/max-tegmark/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Future of Life Institute |language=en-US}}</ref>
'''Max Erik Tegmark''' (born '''Max Erik Shapiro'''<ref name="x42"/><ref name=Sveriges /><ref name=TegmarkName /> on 5 May 1967)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://philosophy-of-cosmology.ox.ac.uk/tegmark.html | title=Tegmark - Philosophy of Cosmology }}</ref> is a Swedish-American physicist, [[machine learning]] researcher and author.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Universes of Max Tegmark |url=https://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/ |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=space.mit.edu}}</ref> He is best known for his book ''[[Life 3.0]]'' about what the world might look like as [[artificial intelligence]] continues to improve. Tegmark is a professor at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] and the president of the [[Future of Life Institute]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Max Tegmark |url=https://physics.mit.edu/faculty/max-tegmark/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315043849/https://physics.mit.edu/faculty/max-tegmark/ |archive-date=15 March 2023 |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=[[MIT Department of Physics]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Max Tegmark |url=https://futureoflife.org/person/max-tegmark/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Future of Life Institute |language=en-US}}</ref> He is also a scientific director at the [[Foundational Questions Institute]], a supporter of the [[effective altruism]] movement, and has received research grants from [[Elon Musk]] to investigate [[existential risk from artificial intelligence]].<ref>[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2015-06-09/the-future-of-computers-is-the-mind-of-a-toddler The Future of Computers is the Mind of a Toddler], Bloomberg</ref><ref name="bostinno_elon_article">{{cite web |url=http://bostinno.streetwise.co/2015/01/15/elon-musk-future-of-life-institute-artificial-intelligence-research-could-be-crucial/ |title=Elon Musk:Future of Life Institute Artificial Intelligence Research Could be Crucial |work=BostInno |year=2015 |access-date= 21 Jun 2015}}</ref><ref name="techcrunch_elon_article">{{cite news |url=https://techcrunch.com/2015/01/15/elon-musk-donates-10m-to-make-sure-ai-doesnt-go-the-way-of-skynet/ |title=Elon Musk Donates $10M To Make Sure AI Doesn't Go The Way Of Skynet |work=[[TechCrunch]] | year=2015 |access-date=21 Jun 2015}}</ref><ref name=":1">Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/2f1lmNqbgrk Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20180622054252/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2f1lmNqbgrk&feature=youtu.be&t=1548. Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{Citation|last=Effective Altruism Global|title=Max Tegmark: Effective altruism, existential risk & existential hope|date=2017-06-17|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2f1lmNqbgrk|access-date=2018-05-19}}{{cbignore}}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Tegmark was born in Sweden to Karin Tegmark and American-born professor of mathematics [[Harold S. Shapiro]]. While in high school, he and a friend created and sold a word processor written in pure machine code for the Swedish eight-bit computer [[ABC 80]],<ref name="x42">{{cite web |last=Bodin |first=Magnus |title=Teddy - 1984 |url=https://x42.com/teddy/ |access-date=2023-05-05 |website=buzzword free zone - home of magnus bodin |publisher=X42.com |archive-date=21 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721064604/https://x42.com/teddy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and a 3D Tetris-like game called Frac.<ref>{{cite book|last=Tegmark|first=Max|title=The Mathematical Universe|page=55}}</ref>
Tegmark was born in Sweden to Karin Tegmark and American-born professor of mathematics [[Harold S. Shapiro]], with his father's surname.<ref name="x42"/><ref name=Sveriges>Sveriges befolkning 1980, CD-ROM, Version 1.02, Sveriges Släktforskarförbund (2004).</ref> First known as Max Shapiro, while studying at the University of California at Berkeley he adopted his mother's surname Tegmark, as there were many Shapiros in astronomy, including one of his professors.<ref name=TegmarkName>{{cite book|last=Tegmark|first=Max|title=Our Mathematical Universe}}</ref> While in high school, Tegmark and a friend created and sold a word processor written in pure machine code for the Swedish eight-bit computer [[ABC 80]],<ref name="x42">{{cite web |last=Bodin |first=Magnus |title=Teddy - 1984 |url=https://x42.com/teddy/ |access-date=2023-05-05 |website=buzzword free zone - home of magnus bodin |publisher=X42.com |archive-date=21 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721064604/https://x42.com/teddy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and a 3D Tetris-like game called Frac.<ref>{{cite book|last=Tegmark|first=Max|title=Our Mathematical Universe|page=55}}</ref>


Tegmark left Sweden in 1990 after receiving his [[Master of Science in Engineering|M.S.E]] in [[engineering physics]] from the [[KTH Royal Institute of Technology]] and a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] in economics the previous year at the [[Stockholm School of Economics]]. His first academic venture beyond Scandinavia brought him to California, where he studied physics at the [[University of California, Berkeley]], earning his [[Master of Arts|M.A.]] in 1992, and [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in 1994 under the supervision of [[Joseph Silk]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/tegmark_max.html|title=MIT Department of Physics|website=web.mit.edu|access-date=2018-02-12|archive-date=28 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528034558/http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/tegmark_max.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
Tegmark left Sweden in 1990 after receiving his [[Master of Science in Engineering|M.S.E]] in [[engineering physics]] from the [[KTH Royal Institute of Technology]] and a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] in economics the previous year at the [[Stockholm School of Economics]]. His first academic venture beyond Scandinavia brought him to California, where he studied physics at the [[University of California, Berkeley]], earning his [[Master of Arts|M.A.]] in 1992, and [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in 1994 under the supervision of [[Joseph Silk]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/tegmark_max.html|title=MIT Department of Physics|website=web.mit.edu|access-date=2018-02-12|archive-date=28 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528034558/http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/tegmark_max.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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==Career==
==Career==
His research focuses on machine learning after an earlier phase focused on cosmology, combining theoretical work with new measurements to place constraints on cosmological models and their free parameters, often in collaboration with experimentalists. He has over 300 publications, of which nine have been cited over 500 times.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://inspirehep.net/author/profile/M.Tegmark.1|title=INSPIRE-HEP: M Tegmark's profile|publisher=Inspire-Hep|access-date=6 July 2015|archive-date=4 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004175836/http://inspirehep.net/author/profile/M.Tegmark.1|url-status=live}}</ref> He has developed data analysis tools based on information theory and applied them to [[cosmic microwave background]] experiments such as [[Cosmic Background Explorer|COBE]], [[QMAP]], and [[WMAP]], and to galaxy redshift surveys such as the [[Las Campanas Redshift Survey]], the [[2dF]] Survey and the [[Sloan Digital Sky Survey]].{{cn|date=March 2025}}
His research focuses on machine learning after an earlier phase focused on cosmology, combining theoretical work with new measurements to place constraints on cosmological models and their free parameters, often in collaboration with experimentalists. He has developed data analysis tools based on information theory and applied them to [[cosmic microwave background]] experiments such as [[Cosmic Background Explorer|COBE]], [[QMAP]], and [[WMAP]], and to galaxy redshift surveys such as the [[Las Campanas Redshift Survey]], the [[2dF]] Survey and the [[Sloan Digital Sky Survey]].{{citation needed|date=March 2025}}


With [[Daniel Eisenstein]] and Wayne Hu, he introduced the idea of using [[baryon acoustic oscillations]] as a [[standard ruler]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tegmark - Philosophy of Cosmology |url=http://philosophy-of-cosmology.ox.ac.uk/tegmark.html |access-date=2016-02-15 |website=[[University of Oxford]] - Philosophy of Cosmology |archive-date=16 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216025838/http://philosophy-of-cosmology.ox.ac.uk/tegmark.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Eisenstein |first=Daniel J. |author2=Hu, Wayne |author3=Tegmark, Max |year=1998 |title=Cosmic Complementarity: <math>H_0</math> and <math>\Omega_m</math> from Combining Cosmic Microwave Background Experiments and Redshift Surveys |journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]] |volume=504 |issue=2 |pages=L57–L60 |arxiv=astro-ph/9805239 |bibcode=1998ApJ...504L..57E |doi=10.1086/311582 |s2cid=8824919}}</ref> With Angelica de Oliveira-Costa and Andrew Hamilton, he discovered the anomalous multipole alignment in the [[WMAP]] data sometimes referred to as the "[[Axis of evil (cosmology)|axis of evil]]".<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite journal |last=Tegmark |first=Max |author2=de Oliveira-Costa, Angélica |author3=Hamilton, Andrew |date=1 December 2003 |title=High resolution foreground cleaned CMB map from WMAP |journal=[[Physical Review D]] |volume=68 |issue=12 |pages=123523 |arxiv=astro-ph/0302496 |bibcode=2003PhRvD..68l3523T |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.68.123523 |s2cid=17981329}}</ref> With Anthony Aguirre, he developed the [[cosmological interpretation of quantum mechanics]]. His 2000 paper on quantum decoherence of neurons<ref>{{cite journal |last=Tegmark|first=Max |title=The importance of quantum decoherence in brain processes|journal=Physical Review E|date=1 April 2000|volume=61|issue=4 |pages=4194–4206 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevE.61.4194|pmid=11088215 |arxiv = quant-ph/9907009 |bibcode=2000PhRvE..61.4194T|s2cid=17140058 }}</ref>
With [[Daniel Eisenstein]] and Wayne Hu, he introduced the idea of using [[baryon acoustic oscillations]] as a [[standard ruler]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tegmark - Philosophy of Cosmology |url=http://philosophy-of-cosmology.ox.ac.uk/tegmark.html |access-date=2016-02-15 |website=[[University of Oxford]] - Philosophy of Cosmology |archive-date=16 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216025838/http://philosophy-of-cosmology.ox.ac.uk/tegmark.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Eisenstein |first=Daniel J. |author2=Hu, Wayne |author3=Tegmark, Max |year=1998 |title=Cosmic Complementarity: <math>H_0</math> and <math>\Omega_m</math> from Combining Cosmic Microwave Background Experiments and Redshift Surveys |journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]] |volume=504 |issue=2 |pages=L57–L60 |arxiv=astro-ph/9805239 |bibcode=1998ApJ...504L..57E |doi=10.1086/311582 |s2cid=8824919}}</ref> With Angelica de Oliveira-Costa and Andrew Hamilton, he discovered the anomalous multipole alignment in the [[WMAP]] data sometimes referred to as the "[[Axis of evil (cosmology)|axis of evil]]".<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite journal |last=Tegmark |first=Max |author2=de Oliveira-Costa, Angélica |author3=Hamilton, Andrew |date=1 December 2003 |title=High resolution foreground cleaned CMB map from WMAP |journal=[[Physical Review D]] |volume=68 |issue=12 |article-number=123523 |arxiv=astro-ph/0302496 |bibcode=2003PhRvD..68l3523T |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.68.123523 |s2cid=17981329}}</ref> With Anthony Aguirre, he developed the [[cosmological interpretation of quantum mechanics]]. His 2000 paper on quantum decoherence of neurons<ref>{{cite journal |last=Tegmark|first=Max |title=The importance of quantum decoherence in brain processes|journal=Physical Review E|date=1 April 2000|volume=61|issue=4 |pages=4194–4206 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevE.61.4194|pmid=11088215 |arxiv = quant-ph/9907009 |bibcode=2000PhRvE..61.4194T|s2cid=17140058 }}</ref>
concluded that decoherence seems too rapid for [[Roger Penrose]]'s [[Orchestrated objective reduction|"quantum microtubule" model of consciousness]] to be viable.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Seife |first=Charles |date=4 February 2000 |title=Cold numbers unmake the quantum mind |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=287 |issue=5454 |pages=791 |doi=10.1126/science.287.5454.791 |pmid=10691548 |s2cid=33761196}}</ref>
concluded that decoherence seems too rapid for [[Roger Penrose]]'s [[Orchestrated objective reduction|"quantum microtubule" model of consciousness]] to be viable.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Seife |first=Charles |date=4 February 2000 |title=Cold numbers unmake the quantum mind |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=287 |issue=5454 |pages=791 |doi=10.1126/science.287.5454.791 |pmid=10691548 |s2cid=33761196}}</ref>


Tegmark has also formulated the "[[mathematical universe hypothesis]]", whose only postulate is that "all structures that exist mathematically exist also physically".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Tegmark|first=Max|title=The Mathematical Universe|journal=[[Foundations of Physics]]|volume=38|issue=2|pages=101–150|doi=10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9|bibcode = 2008FoPh...38..101T |arxiv = 0704.0646 |year=2008|s2cid=9890455}} a short version of which is available at [https://arxiv.org/abs/0709.4024 ''Shut up and calculate.''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620125542/https://arxiv.org/abs/0709.4024 |date=20 June 2020 }} (in reference to David Mermin's famous quote "shut up and calculate" {{cite web |url=http://physicstoday.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_57/iss_5/10_1.shtml |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-06-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515100124/http://physicstoday.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_57/iss_5/10_1.shtml |archive-date=2016-05-15 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite arXiv|last=Butterfield|first=Jeremy|date=2014-06-17|title=Our Mathematical Universe?|class=physics.hist-ph |eprint=1406.4348}}</ref> In 2014, Tegmark published the book ''[[Our Mathematical Universe]]'', which presents his idea at greater length. Tegmark suggests that the theory is simple in having no free parameters at all, and that in those structures complex enough to contain self-aware substructures (SASs), these SASs will subjectively perceive themselves as existing in a physically "real" world. The "mathematical universe" hypothesis has been criticized by some other scientists as being both overly speculative and unscientific in nature. For example, mathematical physicist [[Edward Frenkel]] characterized it as closer to "science fiction and mysticism" than "the realm of science."<ref>{{cite news|author-last1=Frenkel|author-first1=Edward|author-link=Edward Frenkel|title=Ad Infinitum|date=February 14, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/16/books/review/our-mathematical-universe-by-max-tegmark.html}}</ref>
Tegmark has also formulated the "[[mathematical universe hypothesis]]", whose only postulate is that "all structures that exist mathematically exist also physically".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Tegmark|first=Max|title=The Mathematical Universe|journal=[[Foundations of Physics]]|volume=38|issue=2|pages=101–150|doi=10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9|bibcode = 2008FoPh...38..101T |arxiv = 0704.0646 |year=2008|s2cid=9890455}} a short version of which is available at [https://arxiv.org/abs/0709.4024 ''Shut up and calculate.''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620125542/https://arxiv.org/abs/0709.4024 |date=20 June 2020 }} (in reference to David Mermin's famous quote "shut up and calculate" {{cite web |url=http://physicstoday.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_57/iss_5/10_1.shtml |title=Could Feynman have said this? - Archived copy |access-date=2015-06-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515100124/http://physicstoday.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_57/iss_5/10_1.shtml |archive-date=2016-05-15 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite arXiv|last=Butterfield|first=Jeremy|date=2014-06-17|title=Our Mathematical Universe?|class=physics.hist-ph |eprint=1406.4348}}</ref> In 2014, Tegmark published the book ''[[Our Mathematical Universe]]'', which presents his idea at greater length. Tegmark suggests that the theory is simple in having no free parameters at all, and that in those structures complex enough to contain self-aware substructures (SASs), these SASs will subjectively perceive themselves as existing in a physically "real" world. The "mathematical universe" hypothesis has been criticized by some other scientists as being both overly speculative and unscientific in nature. For example, mathematical physicist [[Edward Frenkel]] characterized it as closer to "science fiction and mysticism" than "the realm of science."<ref>{{cite news|author-last1=Frenkel|author-first1=Edward|author-link=Edward Frenkel|title=Ad Infinitum|date=February 14, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/16/books/review/our-mathematical-universe-by-max-tegmark.html}}</ref>


Tegmark was elected Fellow of the [[American Physical Society]] in 2012 for, according to the citation, "his contributions to [[cosmology]], including precision measurements from [[cosmic microwave background]] and galaxy clustering data, tests of [[inflation (cosmology)|inflation]] and gravitation theories, and the development of a new technology for low-frequency radio interferometry".<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Fellow Archive |url=http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/archive-all.cfm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509035726/https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/archive-all.cfm?initial=&year=1996&unit_id=DNP&institution= |archive-date=9 May 2020 |access-date=23 January 2013 |website=[[American Physical Society]]}}</ref>
Tegmark was elected Fellow of the [[American Physical Society]] in 2012 for, according to the citation, "his contributions to [[cosmology]], including precision measurements from [[cosmic microwave background]] and galaxy clustering data, tests of [[inflation (cosmology)|inflation]] and gravitation theories, and the development of a new technology for low-frequency radio interferometry".<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Fellow Archive |url=http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/archive-all.cfm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509035726/https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/archive-all.cfm?initial=&year=1996&unit_id=DNP&institution= |archive-date=9 May 2020 |access-date=23 January 2013 |website=[[American Physical Society]]}}</ref>


He was awarded the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Science|Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Science's]] Gold Medal in 2019 for, according to the citation, "his contributions to our understanding of humanity’s place in the cosmos and the opportunities and risks associated with artificial intelligence. He has courageously tackled these existential questions in his research and, in a commendable way, succeeded in communicating the issues to a wider public."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hans Dalborg, Daniel Ek, Martin Lorentzon, Lena Olving and Max Tegmark to be awarded IVA's Gold Medals |url=https://www.iva.se/en/published/hans-dalborg-daniel-ek-martin-lorentzon-lena-olving-and-max-tegmark-to-be-awarded-ivas-gold-medals/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126085541/https://www.iva.se/en/published/hans-dalborg-daniel-ek-martin-lorentzon-lena-olving-and-max-tegmark-to-be-awarded-ivas-gold-medals/ |archive-date=26 January 2021 |access-date=24 April 2020 |website=[[Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences]]}}</ref>
He was awarded the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Science|Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Science's]] Gold Medal in 2019 for, according to the citation, "his contributions to our understanding of humanity's place in the cosmos and the opportunities and risks associated with artificial intelligence. He has courageously tackled these existential questions in his research and, in a commendable way, succeeded in communicating the issues to a wider public."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hans Dalborg, Daniel Ek, Martin Lorentzon, Lena Olving and Max Tegmark to be awarded IVA's Gold Medals |url=https://www.iva.se/en/published/hans-dalborg-daniel-ek-martin-lorentzon-lena-olving-and-max-tegmark-to-be-awarded-ivas-gold-medals/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126085541/https://www.iva.se/en/published/hans-dalborg-daniel-ek-martin-lorentzon-lena-olving-and-max-tegmark-to-be-awarded-ivas-gold-medals/ |archive-date=26 January 2021 |access-date=24 April 2020 |website=[[Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences]]}}</ref>


Tegmark is interviewed in the 2018 documentary on artificial intelligence ''[[Do You Trust This Computer?]]'' From 2020 onward, Tegmark led a research team-turned-nonprofit at MIT that developed an AI-driven [[news aggregator]] known as "Improving the News".<ref name="Improve the News 2023">{{cite web | title=FAQ | website=Improve the News | date=July 13, 2023 | url=https://www.improvethenews.org/faq | access-date=July 14, 2023}}</ref> "Improve the News" was rebranded to "Verity News" in 2023. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.verity.news/about | title=Verity }}</ref>
Tegmark is interviewed in the 2018 documentary on artificial intelligence ''[[Do You Trust This Computer?]]'' From 2020 onward, Tegmark led a research team-turned-nonprofit at MIT that developed an AI-driven [[news aggregator]] known as "Improving the News".<ref name="Improve the News 2023">{{cite web | title=FAQ | website=Improve the News | date=July 13, 2023 | url=https://www.improvethenews.org/faq | access-date=July 14, 2023}}</ref> "Improve the News" was rebranded to "Verity News" in 2023.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.verity.news/about | title=Verity }}</ref>
 
In 2024, Tegmark and his graduate student Ziming Liu were members of the team that developed [[Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks]], a class of neural network which differs from the [[multilayer perceptron]] by being based around the [[Kolmogorov–Arnold representation theorem]].<ref>{{cite arXiv |last1=Liu |first1=Ziming |last2=Tegmark |first2=Max |title=KAN: Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks |eprint=2404.19756 |year=2024 |class=cs.LG }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nadis |first1=Steve |title=Novel Architecture Makes Neural Networks More Understandable |url=https://www.quantamagazine.org/novel-architecture-makes-neural-networks-more-understandable-20240911/ |publisher=[[Quanta Magazine]] |access-date=24 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911145645/https://www.quantamagazine.org/novel-architecture-makes-neural-networks-more-understandable-20240911/ |archive-date=11 Sep 2024 |date=11 Sep 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
He married astrophysicist Angelica de Oliveira-Costa in 1997, and divorced in 2009. They have two sons.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/personal.html |title=Max Tegmark Homepage |publisher=Space.mit.edu |access-date=2012-11-01 |archive-date=14 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614183243/http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/personal.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On August 5, 2012, Tegmark married Meia Chita.<ref>{{cite web |title=Welcome to Meia and Max's wedding |url=http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/last_wedding.html |access-date=2014-01-10 |website=The Universes of Max Tegmark |publisher=Space.mit.edu |archive-date=10 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110224303/http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/last_wedding.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=chita>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/meia-chitategmark/|title=Meia Chita-Tegmark|work=[[Huffington Post]]|access-date=2015-01-10|archive-date=22 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422033228/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/meia-chitategmark/|url-status=live}}</ref>
He married astrophysicist Angelica de Oliveira-Costa in 1997, and divorced in 2009. They have two sons.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/personal.html |title=Max Tegmark Homepage |publisher=Space.mit.edu |access-date=2012-11-01 |archive-date=14 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614183243/http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/personal.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On August 5, 2012, Tegmark married Meia Chita.<ref>{{cite web |title=Welcome to Meia and Max's wedding |url=http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/last_wedding.html |access-date=2014-01-10 |website=The Universes of Max Tegmark |publisher=Space.mit.edu |archive-date=10 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110224303/http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/last_wedding.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=chita>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/meia-chitategmark/|title=Meia Chita-Tegmark|work=[[Huffington Post]]|access-date=2015-01-10|archive-date=22 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422033228/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/meia-chitategmark/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Tegmark's brother is the journalist {{ill|Per Shapiro|sv}}, who has written for the populist Swedish newspaper ''[[Nya Dagbladet]]''; the Future of Life Institute, which Tegmark co-founded and of which he is president, reportedly intended to donate $100,000 to
Nya Dagbladet but ultimately did not do so.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Finnsiö |first=Morgan |title=Elon Musk-funded nonprofit run by MIT professor offered to finance Swedish pro-nazi group |url=https://expo.se/2023/01/elon-musk-funded-nonprofit-run-mit-professor-offered-finance-swedish-pro-nazi-group |date=2023-01-13 |website=Expo.se |language=en}}</ref>


==In the media==
==In the media==
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* In 2014, he featured in ''[[The Principle]]'', a documentary examining the [[Copernican Principle]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2458876/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm | title=The Principle (2014) | website=[[IMDb]] | access-date=30 June 2018 | archive-date=26 March 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326143042/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2458876/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm | url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 2014, he featured in ''[[The Principle]]'', a documentary examining the [[Copernican Principle]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2458876/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm | title=The Principle (2014) | website=[[IMDb]] | access-date=30 June 2018 | archive-date=26 March 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326143042/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2458876/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm | url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 2015, Tegmark participated in an episode of [[Sam Harris]]' [[Sam Harris#Podcast|the Waking Up podcast]] entitled "The Multiverse & You (& You & You & You...)" where they discussed topics such as [[artificial intelligence]] and the [[mathematical universe hypothesis]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.samharris.org/podcast/item/the-multiverse-you-you-you-you |title=The Multiverse & You (& You & You & You...) |publisher=Sam Harris |date=23 September 2015 |access-date=2015-11-22 |archive-date=22 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122021141/http://www.samharris.org/podcast/item/the-multiverse-you-you-you-you |url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 2015, Tegmark participated in an episode of [[Sam Harris]]' [[Sam Harris#Podcast|the Waking Up podcast]] entitled "The Multiverse & You (& You & You & You...)" where they discussed topics such as [[artificial intelligence]] and the [[mathematical universe hypothesis]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.samharris.org/podcast/item/the-multiverse-you-you-you-you |title=The Multiverse & You (& You & You & You...) |publisher=Sam Harris |date=23 September 2015 |access-date=2015-11-22 |archive-date=22 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122021141/http://www.samharris.org/podcast/item/the-multiverse-you-you-you-you |url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 2017, Tegmark gave a talk entitled "Effective altruism, existential risk & existential hope" at the world's largest annual conference of the [[Effective altruism|effective altruism movement]].<ref name=":1">Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/2f1lmNqbgrk Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20180622054252/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2f1lmNqbgrk&feature=youtu.be&t=1548. Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{Citation |last=Effective Altruism Global |title=Max Tegmark: Effective altruism, existential risk & existential hope |date=2017-06-17 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2f1lmNqbgrk |access-date=2018-05-19}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* In 2017, Tegmark gave a talk entitled "Effective altruism, existential risk & existential hope" at the world's largest annual conference of the [[Effective altruism|effective altruism movement]].<ref name=":1"/>
* In 2017, Tegmark participated in an episode of [[Sam Harris]]' [[Sam Harris#Podcast|the Waking Up podcast]] entitled "The Future of Intelligence" where they discussed topics such as [[artificial intelligence]] and definitions of life.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.samharris.org/podcast/item/the-future-of-intelligence |title=The Future of Intelligence) |publisher=Sam Harris |date=27 August 2017 |access-date=2017-08-27 |archive-date=31 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831174414/https://www.samharris.org/podcast/item/the-future-of-intelligence |url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 2017, Tegmark participated in an episode of [[Sam Harris]]' [[Sam Harris#Podcast|the Waking Up podcast]] entitled "The Future of Intelligence" where they discussed topics such as [[artificial intelligence]] and definitions of life.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Harris |first1=Sam |url=https://www.samharris.org/podcast/item/the-future-of-intelligence |title=The Future of Intelligence) |publisher=Sam Harris |date=27 August 2017 |access-date=2017-08-27 |archive-date=31 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831174414/https://www.samharris.org/podcast/item/the-future-of-intelligence |url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 2018, Tegmark took part in a conversation with [[AI]] researcher [[Lex Fridman]] about [[Artificial General Intelligence]] as part of a [[MIT]] course on AGI. He was the first guest on the [[Lex Fridman]] podcast.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://lexfridman.com/max-tegmark/ |title=Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 |publisher=Lex Fridman |date=19 April 2018 |access-date=2020-01-19 |archive-date=30 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930102950/https://lexfridman.com/max-tegmark/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He was interviewed again on the Lex Fridman podcast in 2021<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RL4j4KPwNGM |title=Max Tegmark: AI and Physics {{!}} Lex Fridman Podcast #155 |type=Podcast |access-date=16 February 2022 |archive-date=16 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216182320/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RL4j4KPwNGM |url-status=live }}</ref> and in 2023.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VcVfceTsD0A&ab_channel=LexFridman |title=Max Tegmark: The Case for Halting AI Development {{!}} Lex Fridman Podcast #371 |date=13 April 2023 |type=Podcast |access-date=13 April 2023 |archive-date=13 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413172949/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VcVfceTsD0A&ab_channel=LexFridman |url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 2018, Tegmark took part in a conversation with podcaster [[Lex Fridman]] about [[Artificial General Intelligence]] as part of a [[MIT]] course on AGI. He was the first guest on the [[Lex Fridman]] podcast.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://lexfridman.com/max-tegmark/ |title=Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 |publisher=Lex Fridman |date=19 April 2018 |access-date=2020-01-19 |archive-date=30 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930102950/https://lexfridman.com/max-tegmark/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He was interviewed again on the Lex Fridman podcast in 2021<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RL4j4KPwNGM |title=Max Tegmark: AI and Physics {{!}} Lex Fridman Podcast #155 |type=Podcast |access-date=16 February 2022 |archive-date=16 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216182320/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RL4j4KPwNGM |url-status=live }}</ref> and in 2023.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VcVfceTsD0A&ab_channel=LexFridman |title=Max Tegmark: The Case for Halting AI Development {{!}} Lex Fridman Podcast #371 |date=13 April 2023 |type=Podcast |access-date=13 April 2023 |archive-date=13 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413172949/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VcVfceTsD0A&ab_channel=LexFridman |url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 2023, Tegmark drew controversy in the media when reports surfaced that he had signed off on behalf of the [[Future of Life Institute]] on a $100,000 grant to far-right media outlet [[Nya Dagbladet]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/future-of-life-institute-max-tegmark-elon-musk/ |title=Elon Musk-Backed Non-Profit Offered $100K Grant to 'Pro-Nazi' Media Outlet |publisher=Vice News|date=19 January 2023 |access-date=2023-05-25 |archive-date=3 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503144450/https://www.vice.com/en/article/93a475/future-of-life-institute-max-tegmark-elon-musk |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://expo.se/2023/01/elon-musk-funded-nonprofit-run-mit-professor-offered-finance-swedish-pro-nazi-group |title=Elon Musk-funded nonprofit run by MIT professor offered to finance Swedish pro-nazi group |publisher=Expo|date=13 January 2023 |access-date=2023-05-25 |archive-date=15 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515124831/https://expo.se/2023/01/elon-musk-funded-nonprofit-run-mit-professor-offered-finance-swedish-pro-nazi-group |url-status=live }}</ref> He later said that the Future of Life Institute "ultimately decided to reject it because of what our subsequent due diligence uncovered", that they rejected it long before the media became involved, and that the institute "finds Nazi, neo-Nazi or pro-Nazi groups or ideologies despicable and would never knowingly support them".<ref>{{Cite journal |title=[Linkpost] FLI alleged to have offered funding to far right foundation - EA Forum |url=https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/5vFmMXWsh6PaYjqab/linkpost-fli-alleged-to-have-offered-funding-to-far-right |access-date=2023-06-14 |website=forum.effectivealtruism.org |language=en |last1=Nordmark |first1=Jens |date=13 January 2023 }}</ref> An official statement from the Future of Life Institute further expands on this: "FLI finds groups or ideologies espousing antisemitism, white supremacy, or racism despicable and would never knowingly support any such group".<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Statement on a controversial rejected grant proposal |url=https://futureoflife.org/rejection_statement/ |access-date=2023-06-14 |website=Future of Life Institute |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In 2023, Tegmark drew controversy in the media because he had signed a letter of intent on behalf of the [[Future of Life Institute]] for an (ultimately rejected) $100,000 grant to far-right media outlet ''[[Nya Dagbladet]]''.<ref name="futureoflife.org">{{Cite web |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Statement on a controversial rejected grant proposal |url=https://futureoflife.org/rejection_statement/ |access-date=2023-06-14 |website=Future of Life Institute |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/future-of-life-institute-max-tegmark-elon-musk/ |title=Elon Musk-Backed Non-Profit Offered $100K Grant to 'Pro-Nazi' Media Outlet |publisher=Vice News|date=19 January 2023 |access-date=2023-05-25 |archive-date=3 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503144450/https://www.vice.com/en/article/93a475/future-of-life-institute-max-tegmark-elon-musk |url-status=live }}</ref> He later said that the Future of Life Institute "ultimately decided to reject it because of what our subsequent due diligence uncovered", that they rejected it long before the media became involved, and that the institute "finds Nazi, neo-Nazi or pro-Nazi groups or ideologies despicable and would never knowingly support them".<ref>{{Cite journal |title=[Linkpost] FLI alleged to have offered funding to far right foundation - EA Forum |url=https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/5vFmMXWsh6PaYjqab/linkpost-fli-alleged-to-have-offered-funding-to-far-right |access-date=2023-06-14 |website=forum.effectivealtruism.org |language=en |last1=Nordmark |first1=Jens |date=13 January 2023 }}</ref> An official statement from the Future of Life Institute further expands on this: "FLI finds groups or ideologies espousing antisemitism, [[white supremacy]], or racism despicable and would never knowingly support any such group".<ref name="futureoflife.org"/>
* In 2023, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' named Tegmark one of the 100 most influential people in AI.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2023-09-07 |title=TIME100 AI 2023: Max Tegmark |url=https://time.com/collection/time100-ai/6310651/max-tegmark/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |magazine=Time |language=en}}</ref>
* In 2023, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' named Tegmark one of the 100 most influential people in AI.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2023-09-07 |title=TIME100 AI 2023: Max Tegmark |url=https://time.com/collection/time100-ai/6310651/max-tegmark/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |magazine=Time |language=en}}</ref>


==Selected books==
==Books==
* ''[[Our Mathematical Universe]]'' (2014)
* ''[[Our Mathematical Universe]]'' (2014)
* ''[[Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence]]'' (2017)
* ''[[Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence]]'' (2017)

Latest revision as of 09:17, 16 November 2025

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Template:Main otherScript error: No such module "Check for clobbered parameters". Max Erik Tegmark (born Max Erik Shapiro[1][2][3] on 5 May 1967)[4] is a Swedish-American physicist, machine learning researcher and author.[5] He is best known for his book Life 3.0 about what the world might look like as artificial intelligence continues to improve. Tegmark is a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the president of the Future of Life Institute.[6][7] He is also a scientific director at the Foundational Questions Institute, a supporter of the effective altruism movement, and has received research grants from Elon Musk to investigate existential risk from artificial intelligence.[8][9][10][11]

Early life

Tegmark was born in Sweden to Karin Tegmark and American-born professor of mathematics Harold S. Shapiro, with his father's surname.[1][2] First known as Max Shapiro, while studying at the University of California at Berkeley he adopted his mother's surname Tegmark, as there were many Shapiros in astronomy, including one of his professors.[3] While in high school, Tegmark and a friend created and sold a word processor written in pure machine code for the Swedish eight-bit computer ABC 80,[1] and a 3D Tetris-like game called Frac.[12]

Tegmark left Sweden in 1990 after receiving his M.S.E in engineering physics from the KTH Royal Institute of Technology and a B.A. in economics the previous year at the Stockholm School of Economics. His first academic venture beyond Scandinavia brought him to California, where he studied physics at the University of California, Berkeley, earning his M.A. in 1992, and Ph.D. in 1994 under the supervision of Joseph Silk.[13]

Tegmark was an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, receiving tenure in 2003. In 2004, he joined the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's department of physics.

Career

His research focuses on machine learning after an earlier phase focused on cosmology, combining theoretical work with new measurements to place constraints on cosmological models and their free parameters, often in collaboration with experimentalists. He has developed data analysis tools based on information theory and applied them to cosmic microwave background experiments such as COBE, QMAP, and WMAP, and to galaxy redshift surveys such as the Las Campanas Redshift Survey, the 2dF Survey and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

With Daniel Eisenstein and Wayne Hu, he introduced the idea of using baryon acoustic oscillations as a standard ruler.[14][15] With Angelica de Oliveira-Costa and Andrew Hamilton, he discovered the anomalous multipole alignment in the WMAP data sometimes referred to as the "axis of evil".[14][16] With Anthony Aguirre, he developed the cosmological interpretation of quantum mechanics. His 2000 paper on quantum decoherence of neurons[17] concluded that decoherence seems too rapid for Roger Penrose's "quantum microtubule" model of consciousness to be viable.[18]

Tegmark has also formulated the "mathematical universe hypothesis", whose only postulate is that "all structures that exist mathematically exist also physically".[19][20] In 2014, Tegmark published the book Our Mathematical Universe, which presents his idea at greater length. Tegmark suggests that the theory is simple in having no free parameters at all, and that in those structures complex enough to contain self-aware substructures (SASs), these SASs will subjectively perceive themselves as existing in a physically "real" world. The "mathematical universe" hypothesis has been criticized by some other scientists as being both overly speculative and unscientific in nature. For example, mathematical physicist Edward Frenkel characterized it as closer to "science fiction and mysticism" than "the realm of science."[21]

Tegmark was elected Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2012 for, according to the citation, "his contributions to cosmology, including precision measurements from cosmic microwave background and galaxy clustering data, tests of inflation and gravitation theories, and the development of a new technology for low-frequency radio interferometry".[22]

He was awarded the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Science's Gold Medal in 2019 for, according to the citation, "his contributions to our understanding of humanity's place in the cosmos and the opportunities and risks associated with artificial intelligence. He has courageously tackled these existential questions in his research and, in a commendable way, succeeded in communicating the issues to a wider public."[23]

Tegmark is interviewed in the 2018 documentary on artificial intelligence Do You Trust This Computer? From 2020 onward, Tegmark led a research team-turned-nonprofit at MIT that developed an AI-driven news aggregator known as "Improving the News".[24] "Improve the News" was rebranded to "Verity News" in 2023.[25]

In 2024, Tegmark and his graduate student Ziming Liu were members of the team that developed Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, a class of neural network which differs from the multilayer perceptron by being based around the Kolmogorov–Arnold representation theorem.[26][27]

Personal life

He married astrophysicist Angelica de Oliveira-Costa in 1997, and divorced in 2009. They have two sons.[28] On August 5, 2012, Tegmark married Meia Chita.[29][30]

Tegmark's brother is the journalist Template:Ill, who has written for the populist Swedish newspaper Nya Dagbladet; the Future of Life Institute, which Tegmark co-founded and of which he is president, reportedly intended to donate $100,000 to Nya Dagbladet but ultimately did not do so.[31]

In the media

Template:Multiple issues

  • In 2006, Tegmark was one of fifty scientists interviewed by New Scientist about their predictions for the future. His prediction: "In 50 years, you may be able to buy T-shirts on which are printed equations describing the unified laws of our universes."[32]
  • Tegmark appears in the 2007 documentary Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives in which he is interviewed by Mark Oliver Everett, son of the founder of the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics, Hugh Everett.
  • Tegmark also appears in "Who's Afraid of a Big Black Hole?", "What Time is It?", "To Infinity and Beyond", "Is Everything We Know About The Universe Wrong?", "What is Reality?" and "Which Universe Are We In?", all part of the BBC's Horizon scientific series of programmes.
  • He appears in several episodes of Sci Fi Science: Physics of the Impossible, an American documentary television series on science which first aired in the United States on December 1, 2009. The series is hosted by theoretical physicist Michio Kaku.
  • Tegmark was interviewed by Morgan Freeman in seasons 2 and 3 of Through the Wormhole in 2011–2012.
  • Tegmark participated in the episode "Zooming Out" of BBC World Service's The Forum, which first aired on BBC Radio 4 on 26 April 2014.[33]
  • In 2014, Tegmark co-authored an op-ed in The Huffington Post with Stephen Hawking, Frank Wilczek and Stuart Russell on the movie Transcendence.[34]
  • In 2014, "The Perpetual Earth Program," a play based on Tegmark's book Our Mathematical Universe, was mounted in New York City as part of the Planet Connections Theatre Festival.[35]
  • In 2014, he featured in The Principle, a documentary examining the Copernican Principle.[36]
  • In 2015, Tegmark participated in an episode of Sam Harris' the Waking Up podcast entitled "The Multiverse & You (& You & You & You...)" where they discussed topics such as artificial intelligence and the mathematical universe hypothesis.[37]
  • In 2017, Tegmark gave a talk entitled "Effective altruism, existential risk & existential hope" at the world's largest annual conference of the effective altruism movement.[11]
  • In 2017, Tegmark participated in an episode of Sam Harris' the Waking Up podcast entitled "The Future of Intelligence" where they discussed topics such as artificial intelligence and definitions of life.[38]
  • In 2018, Tegmark took part in a conversation with podcaster Lex Fridman about Artificial General Intelligence as part of a MIT course on AGI. He was the first guest on the Lex Fridman podcast.[39] He was interviewed again on the Lex Fridman podcast in 2021[40] and in 2023.[41]
  • In 2023, Tegmark drew controversy in the media because he had signed a letter of intent on behalf of the Future of Life Institute for an (ultimately rejected) $100,000 grant to far-right media outlet Nya Dagbladet.[42][43] He later said that the Future of Life Institute "ultimately decided to reject it because of what our subsequent due diligence uncovered", that they rejected it long before the media became involved, and that the institute "finds Nazi, neo-Nazi or pro-Nazi groups or ideologies despicable and would never knowingly support them".[44] An official statement from the Future of Life Institute further expands on this: "FLI finds groups or ideologies espousing antisemitism, white supremacy, or racism despicable and would never knowingly support any such group".[42]
  • In 2023, Time named Tegmark one of the 100 most influential people in AI.[45]

Books

See also

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Sister project

Template:Existential risk from artificial intelligence Template:Portal bar

Template:Authority control

  1. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ a b Sveriges befolkning 1980, CD-ROM, Version 1.02, Sveriges Släktforskarförbund (2004).
  3. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ The Future of Computers is the Mind of a Toddler, Bloomberg
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b Archived at GhostarchiveTemplate:Cbignore and the Wayback MachineTemplate:Cbignore: Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Cbignore
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". a short version of which is available at Shut up and calculate. Template:Webarchive (in reference to David Mermin's famous quote "shut up and calculate" Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
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