1930 United States House of Representatives elections: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 01:41, 19 December 2025

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The 1930 United States House of Representatives elections were elections for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 72nd United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 4, 1930, while Maine held theirs on September 8. They occurred in the middle of President Herbert Hoover's term.

During the election cycle, the nation was entering its second year of the Great Depression, and Hoover was perceived^[1]^[2] as doing little to solve the crisis, with his personal popularity being very low. His Republican Party was initially applauded for instituting protectionist economic policies, which were intended to limit imports to stimulate the domestic market; however, after the passage of the heavily damaging Smoot–Hawley Tariff, a policy that was bitterly opposed by the Democratic Party, public opinion turned sharply against Republican policies, and the party bore the blame for the economic collapse.

While the Democrats gained 52 seats in the 1930 midterm elections, Republicans retained a narrow one-seat majority of 218 seats after the polls closed versus the Democrats' 216 seats; however, during the 13 months between these elections and the convening of the 72nd Congress,^[3] 14 members-elect died (including incumbent Speaker Nicholas Longworth), and the Democrats gained an additional three seats in the special elections called to fill these vacancies, thus gaining control of the House (they held a 219–213 advantage over the Republicans when the new Congress convened).^[3]^[4]

This was the first of four consecutive Depression-era House elections in which Democrats made enormous gains, achieving a cumulative gain of 174 seats. Over the ensuing 64 years (until the 1994 midterm elections), House Republicans would be in the minority for all but four years, winning majorities only in 1946 and in 1952.

Overall results

↓
style="background:Template:Party color; width:48.66%" \| 216	style="background:Template:Party color; width:0.23%" \| 1	style="background:Template:Party color; width:51.11%" \| 218
Democratic	Template:Efn	Republican

Source: Election Statistics – Office of the Clerk

House seats

Democratic			49.66%
Farmer–Labor			0.23%
Republican			50.11%

Popular Vote

Democratic			52.75%
Farmer–Labor			1.12%
Republican			44.47%
Other			1.66%

File:72 us house membership.png

House seats by party holding plurality in state
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 80+% Republican	<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 80+% Democratic
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 60+ to 80% Republican	<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 60+ to 80% Democratic
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> up to 60% Republican	<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> up to 60% Democratic

File:72 us house changes.png

<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 6+ Republican gain	<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 6+ Democratic gain
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 3–5 Republican gain	<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 3–5 Democratic gain
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 1–2 Republican gain	<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 1–2 Democratic gain
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> 1–2 Progressive gain
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> no net change

Special elections

Template:Expand list Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Elections are listed by date and district.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Template:Ushr	William W. Griest	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1908	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died December 5, 1929. New member elected January 28, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Will Kirk Kaynor	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1928	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Incumbent died December 20, 1929. New member elected February 11, 1930. Democratic gain. Winner later re-elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	John M. Robsion	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1918	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent resigned January 10, 1930 to become U.S. senator. New member elected February 15, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	John F. Carew	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Democratic	1912	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent resigned December 28, 1929, after being appointed to the New York Supreme Court. New member elected April 11, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Robert Q. Lee	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Democratic	1928	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent died April 18, 1930. New member elected May 20, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Otis Wingo	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Democratic	1912	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent died October 21, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930 to finish her husband's term. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	James P. Glynn	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1914 1922 (lost)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1924	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died March 6, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Edward John King	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1914	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died February 17, 1929. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Thomas S. Williams	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1914	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Incumbent resigned November 11, 1929, after being appointed to the U.S. Court of Claims. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic gain.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	David H. Kincheloe	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Democratic	1914	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent resigned October 5, 1930, after being appointed to the U.S. Customs Court. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Charles M. Stedman	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Democratic	1910	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent died September 23, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	William C. Hammer	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Democratic	1920	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent died September 26, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Stephen G. Porter	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1910	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died June 27, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Edgar R. Kiess	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1912	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died July 20, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Jeremiah E. O'Connell	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Democratic	1922 1926 (Lost)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1928	Template:Party shading/Democratic/Hold \| Incumbent resigned to become Associate Justice of Rhode Island Superior Court. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Elmer O. Leatherwood	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1920	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died December 24, 1929. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold. Winner also elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	James A. Hughes	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1900 1914 (retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1926	Template:Party shading/Republican/Hold \| Incumbent died March 2, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Republican hold.	Template:Plainlist
Template:Ushr	Florian Lampert	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Republican	1918 (special)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" \| Incumbent died July 18, 1930. New member elected November 4, 1930. Democratic gain. Winner also elected to the next term; see below.	Template:Plainlist