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{{short description|Territory ruled by an exarch}}
{{short description|List of exarchates, both political and ecclesiastical}}
{{cleanup reorganize|date=January 2016}}
{{About|exarchates, listed as political or ecclesiastical|the office of an exarch|Exarch}}
An '''exarchate''' is any territorial [[Jurisdiction (area)|jurisdiction]], either secular or [[Ecclesiastical province|ecclesiastical]], whose ruler is called an [[exarch]]. [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] [[Maurice (emperor)|Emperor Maurice]] created the first exarchates in the recently reconquered provinces of the former [[Western Roman Empire|Western Empire]]. The term is still used for naming some of the smaller communities of [[Eastern Catholic Churches|Eastern Rite Catholics]] as well as [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox Christians]].


== Administration of the secular Byzantine Empire ==
This '''list of exarchates''' contains an overview of administrative [[Jurisdiction (area)|jurisdictions]], either [[political]] or [[Ecclesiastical province|ecclesiastical]], that are headed by an [[exarch]]. The list includes both historical and modern exarchates.
[[File:Exarchates - 600 AD.png|thumb|The 2 Eastern Roman Exarchates in 600 A.D.]]
* [[Exarchate of Africa]]<ref name="b208">{{cite book |last=Haldon |first=J.F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pSHmT1G_5T0C |title=Byzantium in the Seventh Century: The Transformation of a Culture |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-521-31917-1 |series=ACLS Humanities E-Book |page= |access-date=}}</ref>{{Page needed|date=December 2024}}
* [[Exarchate of Ravenna]]<ref name="gasparri">{{cite book |last1=Gasparri |first1=Stefano |title=Venice and Its Neighbors from the 8th to 11th Century |date=21 November 2017 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-35361-9 |pages=5–26 |url=https://brill.com/display/book/edcoll/9789004353619/B9789004353619_002.xml |access-date=1 February 2024 |language=en |chapter=Chapter 1: The First Dukes and the Origins of Venice}}</ref>


== Political exarchates ==
=== Roman Empire ===
* [[Roman imperial dioceses]] (headed by vicars, who were also called [[Exarch (Roman Empire)|exarchs]])


=== Byzantine Empire ===
* [[Exarchate of Africa]]
* [[Exarchate of Ravenna]] (or Exarchate of Italy){{sfn|Shlosser|2003|p=27-45}}


== Ecclesiastical exarchates ==
=== Catholicism ===
'''Apostolic exarchates of the [[Byzantine Rite]]'''
* [[Greek Byzantine Catholic Church]]:
** [[Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Greece]]
** [[Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Istanbul]]
* [[Melkite Catholic Church|Melkite (Greek) Catholic Church]]:
** [[Melkite Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Argentina]]
** [[Melkite Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Venezuela]]
* [[Russian Greek Catholic Church]]:
** [[Russian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Harbin]]
** [[Russian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Russia]]
* [[Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church]]:
** [[Apostolic Exarchate of the Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic]]
** [[Exarchate of Saints Cyril and Methodius of Toronto]]
* [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]]:
** [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Germany and Scandinavia]]
** [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Italy]]


'''Apostolic exarchates of the [[Antiochian Rite]]'''
* [[Maronite Church]]:
** [[Maronite Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Colombia]]
* [[Syriac Catholic Church|Syriac (Syrian) Catholic Church]] :
** [[Syriac Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Canada]]
** [[Syriac Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Venezuela]]


'''Apostolic exarchates of the [[Armenian Rite]]'''
* [[Armenian Catholic Church]]:
** [[Armenian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Latin America and Mexico]]


====Patriarchal exarchates====
'''Patriarchal exarchates of the [[Armenian Rite]]'''
* [[Armenian Catholic Church]]:
** [[Armenian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Damascus]]
** [[Armenian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Amman]]


'''Patriarchal exarchates of the [[Byzantine Rite]]'''
* [[Melkite Catholic Church|Melkite (Greek) Catholic Church]]:
** [[Melkite Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Iraq]]
** [[Melkite Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Istanbul]]
** [[Melkite Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Kuwait]]


== Ecclesiastical administration ==
'''Patriarchal exarchates of the [[Antiochian Rite]]'''
{{no sources|section|date=February 2024}}
* [[Maronite Church]]:
{{see also|:Category:Eastern Catholic exarchates|:Category:Eastern Orthodox exarchates}}
** [[Maronite Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Palestine]]
** [[Maronite Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jordan]]
* [[Syriac Catholic Church|Syriac (Syrian) Catholic Church]]:
** [[Syriac Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Bassorah and the Gulf]]
** [[Syriac Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem]]
** [[Syriac Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Turkey]]


=== Catholicism ===
==== Archiepiscopal exarchates ====
==== Apostolic exarchates in the Greek Catholic churches ====
'''Archiepiscopal exarchates of the [[Byzantine Rite]]'''
* [[Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Greece]]
* [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Ukrainian (Greek) Catholic Church]]
* [[Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Istanbul]]
** [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Donetsk]]
* [[Apostolic Exarchate in Germany and Scandinavia for the Ukrainians]]
** [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Kharkiv]]
* [[Apostolic Exarchate in the Czech Republic]]
** [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Lutsk]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Italy]]
** [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Odesa]]
** [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Krym]]
 
==== Former Eastern Catholic exarchates ====
===== Former Eastern Catholic exarchates in the Old World =====
'''''in Europe'' – Byzantine Rite'''
* [[Bulgarian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Sofia]]
* [[Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Turkey of Europe]]
* [[Hungarian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Miskolc]]  
* [[Apostolic Exarchate of Łemkowszczyzna]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Belarus]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Donetsk-Kharkiv]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Lutsk-Volyn]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Odesa-Crimea]]
* [[Apostolic Exarchate of Serbia and Montenegro]] (2003–2013)
* [[Byzantine Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Serbia]]  
* [[Apostolic Exarchate of Macedonia]]
 
'''''in Asia'' – Armenian Rite'''
* [[Armenian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem]]
* [[Armenian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Syria]]
 
'''''in Asia'' – Antiochian Rite'''
* [[Syrian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Lebanon]]
* [[Syro-Malankara Catholic Exarchate in the United States]]
 
'''''in Asia'' – Syro-Oriental Rite'''
* [[Syro-Malabar Apostolic Exarchate of Chanda]]
 
'''''in Africa'' – Alexandrian Rite'''
* [[Apostolic Exarchate of Addis Abbeba]]
* [[Apostolic Exarchate of Asmara]]
 
'''''in Africa – Antiochian Rite'''
* [[Maronite Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Western and Central Africa]]
 
===== Former Eastern Catholic exarchates in the New World =====
'''''in the Americas'' – Antiochian Rite'''
* [[Maronite Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of the USA]]


==== Maronite Catholic Patriarchal exarchates ====
'''''in the Americas'' – Armenian Rite'''
* [[Maronite Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Palestine]]
* [[Armenian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Latin America and Mexico]]
* [[Maronite Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jordan]]
* [[Armenian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of the USA and Canada]]


==== Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchal exarchates ====
'''''in the Americas'' – Byzantine Rite'''
* [[Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Kuwait]]
* [[Romanian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of the USA]]
* [[Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Istanbul]]
* [[Ruthenian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of the USA]]
* [[Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Iraq]]
* [[Melkite Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of the USA]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Canada]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Central Canada]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Eastern Canada]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Edmonton]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Manitoba]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Saskatoon]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Stamford]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Toronto]]  
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of the USA]]
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Western Canada]]


==== Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal exarchates ====
'''''in the Americas'' – [[Syro-Oriental Rite]]'''
* [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Lutsk]]
* [[Chaldean Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of the USA]]
* [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]]:
** [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Canada]]


=== Eastern Orthodoxy ===
=== Eastern Orthodoxy ===
==== Exarchates of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople ====
==== Exarchates of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople ====
;Former
;Former
* [[Exarchate of Metsovo]] (16th–1795; ended in 1924<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Metsovo – Ursa Trail |url=https://www.ursatrail.gr/en/plirofories/metsovo-history/ |access-date=2025-05-29 |website=www.ursatrail.gr}}</ref>)
* [[Exarchate of Metsovo]]  
* [[Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Rus' (1620–1686)]]
* [[Russian Orthodox Exarchate of Western Europe]]  
* [[Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox churches in Western Europe|Exarchate of Western Europe]] (1921 – dissolved {{circa}} 2018–2020)


;Current
;Current
* [[Exarchate of the Philippines]]
* [[Exarchate of the Philippines]]
* [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Canada]]
* [[:fr:Exarchat de Lituanie|Exarchate of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Lithuania]]
* Exarchate of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Lithuania, or Patriarchal Exarchate in Lithuania (established in 2023, recognised by the government of Lithuania in 2024<ref>{{Cite news |title=Patriarchal Exarchate of Lithuania was legally recognized by Lithuanian State Authorities |author=Thanos Chrysanthopoulos |work=Orthodox Times |date=11 February 2024 |access-date=23 May 2025 |url=https://orthodoxtimes.com/patriarchal-exarchate-of-lithuania-was-legally-recognized-by-lithuanian-state-authorities/}}</ref>)
 
==== Exarchates of the Orthodox Church in America ====
* [[Orthodox Church in America Diocese of Mexico|American Exarchate of Mexico]]


==== Exarchates of the Russian Orthodox Church ====  
==== Exarchates of the Russian Orthodox Church ====  
* [[Belarusian Orthodox Church|Belarusian Exarchate]]
* [[Belarusian Orthodox Church|Belarusian Exarchate]]
* [[Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church in Spain and Portugal (Moscow Patriarchate)|Exarch Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church in Spain and Portugal]]
* [[Ukrainian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church]]
* [[Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe (Moscow Patriarchate)|Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe]] (established 2018)
* [[Russian Exarchate of North America]] (historical)
* [[Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church in Spain and Portugal (Moscow Patriarchate)|Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church in Spain and Portugal]]
* [[Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe (Moscow Patriarchate)|Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe]]
* [[Patriarchal Exarchate in South-East Asia (Moscow Patriarchate)|Patriarchal Exarchate in South-East Asia]]
* [[Patriarchal Exarchate in South-East Asia (Moscow Patriarchate)|Patriarchal Exarchate in South-East Asia]]
* [[Russian Exarchate of North America]] (historical)
 
* Little Russian Exarchate (1685–1718, 1743–1767) → [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)#Fall of monarchy in Russia and Exarchate|Ukrainian Exarchate]] (1921–1990)
==== Exarchates of other Eastern Orthodox jurisdictions ====
* [[Bulgarian Exarchate]]
* [[Mexican Exarchate of the Orthodox Church in America]]


== See also ==
== See also ==
{{col div}}
* [[Exarch]]
* [[Eparch]]
* [[Eparchy]]
* [[Eparchy]]
* [[Vicariate]]
* [[Vicariate (Eastern Orthodoxy)]]
* [[Vicariate (Eastern Orthodoxy)]]
{{col div end}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|2}}


==Sources==
{{Refbegin|2}}
* {{Cite book|last=Gelichi|first=Sauro|chapter=The Venetiae, the Exarchate and the Pentapolis|title=A Companion to Byzantine Italy|year=2021|location=Boston-Leiden|publisher=Brill|pages=360-386|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qo8cEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA360}}
* {{Cite journal|last1=Radojević|first1=Mira|last2=Mićić|first2=Srđan B.|title=Serbian Orthodox Church Cooperation and Frictions with Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople and Bulgarian Exarchate During Interwar Period|journal=Studia academica šumenesia|year=2015|volume=2|pages=126–143|url=https://www.academia.edu/19462721}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Shlosser|first=Franziska E.|title=The Exarchates of Africa and Italy|journal=Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik|year=2003|volume=53|pages=27-45|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250619033146/https://www.austriaca.at/0xc1aa5572_0x0003b372}}
{{refend}}
{{Terms for types of administrative territorial entities}}
{{Eastern Orthodox Church footer}}
{{Eastern Orthodox Church footer}}
{{Terms for types of administrative territorial entities}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Exarchates| ]]
[[Category:Exarchates| ]]
 
[[Category:Political history-related lists|Exarchates]]
 
[[Category:Lists of Christian organizations|Exarchates]]
{{Byzantine-stub}}
{{EasternCatholic-stub}}
{{Orthodoxy-stub}}

Latest revision as of 04:04, 19 June 2025

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This list of exarchates contains an overview of administrative jurisdictions, either political or ecclesiastical, that are headed by an exarch. The list includes both historical and modern exarchates.

Political exarchates

Roman Empire

Byzantine Empire

Ecclesiastical exarchates

Catholicism

Apostolic exarchates of the Byzantine Rite

Apostolic exarchates of the Antiochian Rite

Apostolic exarchates of the Armenian Rite

Patriarchal exarchates

Patriarchal exarchates of the Armenian Rite

Patriarchal exarchates of the Byzantine Rite

Patriarchal exarchates of the Antiochian Rite

Archiepiscopal exarchates

Archiepiscopal exarchates of the Byzantine Rite

Former Eastern Catholic exarchates

Former Eastern Catholic exarchates in the Old World

in Europe – Byzantine Rite

in Asia – Armenian Rite

in Asia – Antiochian Rite

in Asia – Syro-Oriental Rite

in Africa – Alexandrian Rite

in Africa – Antiochian Rite

Former Eastern Catholic exarchates in the New World

in the Americas – Antiochian Rite

in the Americas – Armenian Rite

in the Americas – Byzantine Rite

in the Americas – Syro-Oriental Rite

Eastern Orthodoxy

Exarchates of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople

Former
Current

Exarchates of the Russian Orthodox Church

Exarchates of other Eastern Orthodox jurisdictions

See also

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References

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Sources

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