Reform: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description| | {{Short description|Improvement of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory}} | ||
{{Other uses}} | {{Other uses}} | ||
'''Reform''' refers to the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc.<ref name="dictionary">{{cite web |title=Reform |publisher=Dictionary.com |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/reform?s=t |access-date=2023-02-16}}</ref> The modern usage of the word emerged in the late 18th century and is believed to have originated from [[Christopher Wyvill (reformer)|Christopher Wyvill]]'s [[Christopher Wyvill (reformer)#The Yorkshire Association|Association movement]], which identified | '''Reform''' refers to the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc.<ref name="dictionary">{{cite web |title=Reform |publisher=Dictionary.com |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/reform?s=t |access-date=2023-02-16}}</ref> The modern usage of the word emerged in the late 18th century and is believed to have originated from [[Christopher Wyvill (reformer)|Christopher Wyvill]]'s [[Christopher Wyvill (reformer)#The Yorkshire Association|Association movement]], which identified "Parliamentary Reform" as its primary aim.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Burns |editor-first1=Arthur |editor-last2=Innes |editor-first2=Joanna |title=Rethinking the Age of Reform: Britain 1780–1850 |year=2003 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |chapter='Reform' in English public life: the fortunes of a word |last=Innes |first=Joanna |chapter-url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/rethinking-the-age-of-reform/reform-in-english-public-life-the-fortunes-of-a-word/C091F0BFAFFF55B5D9112AC691182A83 |pages=71–97 |isbn=978-0521823944}}</ref> Reform is generally regarded as antithetical to [[revolution]]. | ||
[[Developing countries]] may implement a range of reforms to improve living standards, often with support from [[international financial institutions]] and [[foreign aid|aid agencies]]. This can involve reforms to [[macroeconomics|macroeconomic policy]], the [[civil service reform in developing countries|civil service]], and [[Public finance|public financial management]]. | [[Developing countries]] may implement a range of reforms to improve living standards, often with support from [[international financial institutions]] and [[foreign aid|aid agencies]]. This can involve reforms to [[macroeconomics|macroeconomic policy]], the [[civil service reform in developing countries|civil service]], and [[Public finance|public financial management]]. | ||
In the United States, [[rotation in office]] | In politics, there is debate over what constitutes reform vs. revolution, and whether all changes labeled "reform" actually represent progress.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Gage |first=Beverly |title=When 'Reform' Means a Process of Elimination |date=February 13, 2018 |magazine=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/13/magazine/when-reform-means-a-process-of-elimination.html}}</ref> For example, in the [[United States]], proponents of [[term limits]] or [[rotation in office]] consider it a revolutionary method (advocated as early as the [[Articles of Confederation]]) for rooting out government corruption<ref>{{cite web |title=Term Limits: Overview |last1=Gutierrez |first1=Michael |last2=Walter |first2=Andrew |date=2024 |publisher=[[EBSCO Information Services|EBSCO]] |url=https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/law/term-limits-overview}}</ref> by altering basic political connections between incumbents and constituents.{{notetag|1=On term limits reform, see [https://www.termlimits.com/ U.S. Term Limits]. On more radical/revolutionary changes, including term limits, see, e.g., Robert Struble Jr., ''Treatise on Twelve Lights: To Restore America the Beautiful under God and the Written Constitution'', 2007–08 edition.}} Opponents say that congressional term limits can create perverse incentives, and hinder reform, by taking power away from voters and encouraging "[[Revolving door (politics)|revolving door]]" politics.<ref>{{cite web |last=Burgat |first=Casey |title=Five reasons to oppose congressional term limits |url=https://www.brookings.edu/articles/five-reasons-to-oppose-congressional-term-limits/ |date=January 18, 2018 |publisher=[[Brookings Institution|Brookings]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Fowler |first=Anthony |title=Term Limits |publisher=University of Chicago{{Snd}}Center for Effective Government |date=January 25, 2024 |url=https://effectivegov.uchicago.edu/primers/term-limits}}</ref> | ||
A government's ability to implement reforms, referred to as its [[state capacity]], is constrained by the prevailing political system.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lindvall |first=Johannes |title=Reform Capacity |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2017 |pages=120-121 |isbn=978-0198766865}}</ref> | |||
==Re-form== | ==Re-form== | ||
When used to describe something which is physically formed again, such as re-[[casting]] ([[molding (process)|moulding]]) or a [[band (music)|band]] that gets back together, the proper term is ''re-form'' (with a [[hyphen]]), not "reform".{{ | When used to describe something which is physically formed again, such as re-[[casting]] ([[molding (process)|moulding]]) or a [[band (music)|band]] that gets back together, the proper term is ''re-form'' (with a [[hyphen]]), not "reform".<ref>{{cite web |title=RE-FORM definition in American English |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/re-form |publisher=Collins English Dictionary |access-date=June 5, 2025}}</ref> | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
Latest revision as of 18:13, 5 June 2025
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "other uses". Reform refers to the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc.[1] The modern usage of the word emerged in the late 18th century and is believed to have originated from Christopher Wyvill's Association movement, which identified "Parliamentary Reform" as its primary aim.[2] Reform is generally regarded as antithetical to revolution.
Developing countries may implement a range of reforms to improve living standards, often with support from international financial institutions and aid agencies. This can involve reforms to macroeconomic policy, the civil service, and public financial management.
In politics, there is debate over what constitutes reform vs. revolution, and whether all changes labeled "reform" actually represent progress.[3] For example, in the United States, proponents of term limits or rotation in office consider it a revolutionary method (advocated as early as the Articles of Confederation) for rooting out government corruption[4] by altering basic political connections between incumbents and constituents.Template:Notetag Opponents say that congressional term limits can create perverse incentives, and hinder reform, by taking power away from voters and encouraging "revolving door" politics.[5][6]
A government's ability to implement reforms, referred to as its state capacity, is constrained by the prevailing political system.[7]
Re-form
When used to describe something which is physically formed again, such as re-casting (moulding) or a band that gets back together, the proper term is re-form (with a hyphen), not "reform".[8]
See also
- Catalytic reforming
- Education reform
- Electoral reform
- Land reform
- Microeconomic reform
- Monetary reform
- Progressivism
- Reform (Religion)
- Reform movement
- La Reforma
- Reformism
- Security sector governance and reform
- Tax reform
- University reform
- Wall Street reform
Notes
References
Further reading
Template:Sister project Template:Sister project
- Template:Commonscatinline
- Harrington, Mona. The Dream of Deliverance in American Politics. New York: A.A. Knopf, 1986. x, 308 p. Template:ISBN
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