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{{short description|American technology company}}
{{short description|American technology company}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = MicroStrategy Incorporated
| name = Strategy Inc.
| logo = Strategy logo (2025).svg
| logo = Strategy logo (2025).svg
| logo_size = 250px
| logo_size = 250px
| logo_caption = Logo used since 2025
| logo_caption = Logo used since 2025
| trade_name = Strategy
| trade_name = Strategy
| former_name = MicroStrategy Incorporated (1989-2025)
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{ubl|class=nowrap|{{NASDAQ|MSTR}} (Class A)|[[Nasdaq-100]] component}}
| traded_as = {{ubl|class=nowrap|{{NASDAQ|MSTR}} (Class A)|
{{NASDAQ|STRK}} (8.00% Series A Perpetual)|
{{NASDAQ|STRF}} (10.00% Series A Perpetual)|
{{NASDAQ|STRD}} (10.00% Series A Perpetual)|
{{NASDAQ|STRC}} (Variable Rate Series A Perpetual)|
|[[Nasdaq-100]] component}}
| industry = {{ubl|[[Bitcoin]] [[treasury]]<ref name="strategy-rebrand"/>|[[Business intelligence]]|Mobile software}}
| industry = {{ubl|[[Bitcoin]] [[treasury]]<ref name="strategy-rebrand"/>|[[Business intelligence]]|Mobile software}}
| founded = {{Start date and age|1989}}
| founded = {{Start date and age|1989}}
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| net_income = {{decrease}} US$−1.167{{nbsp}}billion
| net_income = {{decrease}} US$−1.167{{nbsp}}billion
| net_income_year = 2024
| net_income_year = 2024
| assets = {{increase}} US$25.844{{nbsp}}billion (2024)<br />
| assets = {{increase}} US$54.7{{nbsp}}billion (2024)<br />
(92.5%: 447,470{{nbsp}}[[Bitcoin]] = US$23.9{{nbsp}}billion ([[Book value]]))
(92.5%: 447,470{{nbsp}}[[Bitcoin]] = US$52.8{{nbsp}}billion ([[Book value]]))
| equity = {{increase}} US$18.23{{nbsp}}billion
| equity = {{increase}} US$18.23{{nbsp}}billion
| equity_year = 2024
| equity_year = 2024
| num_employees = 1,934<ref name="2023-10-K">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2024 |title=Microstrategy Form 10-K |url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1050446/000095017024015847/mstr-20231231.htm |access-date=2024-07-25 |publisher=U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission}}</ref>
| num_employees = 1,934<ref name="2023-10-K">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2024 |title=Microstrategy Form 10-K |url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1050446/000095017024015847/mstr-20231231.htm |access-date=2024-07-25 |publisher=U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission}}</ref>
| num_employees_year = 2023
| num_employees_year = 2023
| website = {{URL|strategysoftware.com}}
| website = {{ubl|{{URL|strategy.com}}|{{URL|strategysoftware.com}}}}
| footnotes = <ref name="2024-q4-results">{{cite press release |date=February 5, 2025 |title=Strategy Announces Fourth Quarter 2024 Financial Results; Holds 471,107 BTC |location=[[Tysons Corner|Tysons Corner, Virginia]] |publisher=MicroStrategy Incorporated |agency=Business Wire |url=https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltf8d808d9b8cebd37/blt269be5746d25b795/67a3d0ea956a023640ba6356/strategy-announces-fourth-quarter-2024-financial-results-and-launches-new-website-strategy-com_02-05-2025.pdf |access-date=2025-02-11}}</ref>
| footnotes = <ref name="2024-q4-results">{{cite press release |date=February 5, 2025 |title=Strategy Announces Fourth Quarter 2024 Financial Results; Holds 471,107 BTC |location=[[Tysons Corner|Tysons Corner, Virginia]] |publisher=MicroStrategy Incorporated |agency=Business Wire |url=https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltf8d808d9b8cebd37/blt269be5746d25b795/67a3d0ea956a023640ba6356/strategy-announces-fourth-quarter-2024-financial-results-and-launches-new-website-strategy-com_02-05-2025.pdf |access-date=2025-02-11}}</ref>
| module = {{Infobox network service provider|child=yes}}
| module = {{Infobox network service provider|child=yes}}
}}
}}


'''MicroStrategy Incorporated''', [[trade name|doing business as]] '''Strategy''',<ref name="strategy-rebrand">{{cite news |title=MicroStrategy is Now Strategy |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250205834633/en/MicroStrategy-is-Now-Strategy |access-date=5 February 2025 |publisher=Business Wire}}</ref> is an American development company that provides [[business intelligence]] (BI), mobile [[software]], and [[cloud computing|cloud-based services]]. Founded in 1989 by [[Michael J. Saylor]], [[Sanju Bansal]], and Thomas Spahr, the firm develops software to analyze internal and external data in order to make business decisions and to develop mobile apps. It is a [[public company]] headquartered in [[Tysons, Virginia|Tysons Corner, Virginia]], in the [[Washington metropolitan area]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Perez |first=Juan Carlos |date=January 21, 2008 |title=Customers Trust MicroStrategy's Independence |work=[[PC World]] |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/141566/article.html}}</ref> Its primary business analytics competitors include [[SAP AG]] [[Business Objects]], [[IBM]] [[Cognos]], and [[Oracle Corporation]]'s BI Platform.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kanaracus |first=Chris |date=April 19, 2011 |title=Microstrategy Takes Aim at Self-service BI |work=[[PC World]] |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/225619/article.html}}</ref><ref name="Howson13">{{Cite news |last=Howson |first=Cindi |date=February 14, 2013 |title=MicroStrategy Doubles Down On Mobile, Data Visualization |work=[[InformationWeek]] |url=http://www.informationweek.com/software/business-intelligence/microstrategy-doubles-down-on-mobile-dat/240148518}}</ref> Saylor is the Executive Chairman and, from 1989 to 2022, was the CEO.<ref name="Jaffe00">{{Cite news |last=Jaffe |first=Harry |date=March 1, 2000 |title=The Seven Billion Dollar Man |work=[[Washingtonian (magazine)|Washingtonian]] |url=https://www.washingtonian.com/2000/03/01/the-seven-billion-dollar-man/}}</ref><ref name="2019-10-K">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-13 |title=Microstrategy form 10-K |url=https://ir.microstrategy.com/node/20946/html |access-date=2020-03-26 |website=Microstrategy Investor Relations}}</ref><ref name="cnbc-2022-08-02">{{cite news |last1=Sigalos |first1=MacKenzie |title=MicroStrategy CEO Saylor moves to chairman role, focusing on strategy and bitcoin |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/08/02/microstrategy-ceo-saylor-moves-to-chairman-role-focusing-on-strategy-and-bitcoin.html |access-date=August 9, 2022 |work=CNBC |date=August 2, 2022 |language=en}}</ref>  
'''Strategy Inc.,''' formerly known as '''MicroStrategy,'''<ref name="strategy-rebrand">{{cite news |title=MicroStrategy is Now Strategy |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250205834633/en/MicroStrategy-is-Now-Strategy |access-date=5 February 2025 |publisher=Business Wire}}</ref> is an American company that provides [[business intelligence]] (BI) and mobile software. Founded in 1989 by [[Michael J. Saylor]], [[Sanju Bansal]], and Thomas Spahr, the firm develops software to analyze internal and external data in order to make business decisions and to develop mobile apps. It is a [[public company]] headquartered in [[Tysons, Virginia|Tysons Corner, Virginia]], in the [[Washington metropolitan area]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Perez |first=Juan Carlos |date=January 21, 2008 |title=Customers Trust MicroStrategy's Independence |work=[[PC World]] |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/141566/article.html}}</ref> Its primary business analytics competitors include [[SAP AG]] [[Business Objects]], [[IBM]] [[Cognos]], and [[Oracle Corporation]]'s BI Platform.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kanaracus |first=Chris |date=April 19, 2011 |title=Microstrategy Takes Aim at Self-service BI |work=[[PC World]] |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/225619/article.html}}</ref><ref name="Howson13">{{Cite news |last=Howson |first=Cindi |date=February 14, 2013 |title=MicroStrategy Doubles Down On Mobile, Data Visualization |work=[[InformationWeek]] |url=http://www.informationweek.com/software/business-intelligence/microstrategy-doubles-down-on-mobile-dat/240148518}}</ref> Saylor is the executive chairman and, from 1989 to 2022, was the CEO.<ref name="Jaffe00">{{Cite news |last=Jaffe |first=Harry |date=March 1, 2000 |title=The Seven Billion Dollar Man |work=[[Washingtonian (magazine)|Washingtonian]] |url=https://www.washingtonian.com/2000/03/01/the-seven-billion-dollar-man/}}</ref><ref name="2019-10-K">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-13 |title=Microstrategy form 10-K |url=https://ir.microstrategy.com/node/20946/html |access-date=2020-03-26 |website=Microstrategy Investor Relations}}</ref><ref name="cnbc-2022-08-02">{{cite news |last1=Sigalos |first1=MacKenzie |title=MicroStrategy CEO Saylor moves to chairman role, focusing on strategy and bitcoin |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/08/02/microstrategy-ceo-saylor-moves-to-chairman-role-focusing-on-strategy-and-bitcoin.html |access-date=August 9, 2022 |work=CNBC |date=August 2, 2022 |language=en}}</ref>  


Since 2020, the company's securities are widely considered to be a [[bitcoin]] proxy due to MicroStrategy's holdings of the [[cryptocurrency]]. The company's executive chairman has compared it to a bitcoin [[spot market|spot]] [[exchange-traded fund#Leveraged_ETFs|leveraged ETF]],<ref name="cnbc-2022-08-02"/> though it's not a regulated [[investment fund]].
Since 2020, the company's securities are widely considered to be a [[bitcoin]] proxy due to MicroStrategy's holdings of the [[cryptocurrency]]. The company's executive chairman has compared it to a bitcoin [[spot market|spot]] [[exchange-traded fund#Leveraged_ETFs|leveraged ETF]],<ref name="cnbc-2022-08-02"/> though it's not a regulated [[investment fund]].


As of December, 2024, MicroStrategy was reported to own 423,650 bitcoins, worth $42.43 billion, and is the largest corporate holder of the asset.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Macheel |first=Tanaya |date=2024-12-14 |title=Bitcoin proxy MicroStrategy to join the Nasdaq 100 and heavily traded 'QQQ' ETF |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/12/13/bitcoin-proxy-microstrategy-to-join-the-nasdaq-100-and-heavily-traded-qqq-etf.html |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref>
As of November 17, 2025, Strategy was reported to own over 650,000 bitcoins, worth roughly $59.69 billion, and is the largest corporate holder of the asset.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Macheel |first=Tanaya |date=2024-12-14 |title=Bitcoin proxy MicroStrategy to join the Nasdaq 100 and heavily traded 'QQQ' ETF |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/12/13/bitcoin-proxy-microstrategy-to-join-the-nasdaq-100-and-heavily-traded-qqq-etf.html |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> According to data from blockchain analytics company [[Arkham Intelligence]], MicroStrategy is the sixth largest crypto-holding entity in the world as of December 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://info.arkm.com/research/top-100-arkham-entities-usd |title=The Top 100 Arkham Entities |author=The Arkham Research Team |date=October 22, 2025 |website=Arkham |publisher=Arkham Intelligence Inc. |access-date=October 28, 2025}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
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In 1992, MicroStrategy gained its first major client when it signed a $10 million contract with [[McDonald's]]. It increased revenues by 100% each year between 1990 and 1996.<ref name=Glasser96/> In 1994, the company's offices and its 50 employees moved from Delaware to [[Tysons Corner, Virginia]].<ref name="Leibovich02">{{Cite news |last=Leibovich |first=Mark |date=January 6, 2002 |title=MicroStrategy's CEO Sped to the Brink |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2002/01/06/microstrategys-ceo-sped-to-the-brink/7a0ab40f-1d6e-42f3-8f28-b907de3c8d67/}}</ref>
In 1992, MicroStrategy gained its first major client when it signed a $10 million contract with [[McDonald's]]. It increased revenues by 100% each year between 1990 and 1996.<ref name=Glasser96/> In 1994, the company's offices and its 50 employees moved from Delaware to [[Tysons Corner, Virginia]].<ref name="Leibovich02">{{Cite news |last=Leibovich |first=Mark |date=January 6, 2002 |title=MicroStrategy's CEO Sped to the Brink |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2002/01/06/microstrategys-ceo-sped-to-the-brink/7a0ab40f-1d6e-42f3-8f28-b907de3c8d67/}}</ref>


On June 11, 1998, MicroStrategy became a [[public company]] via an [[initial public offering]]. The company sold 36 million shares of its common stock, each share priced at $6, under the stock ticker "MSTR" on the [[NASDAQ]] stock exchange.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Leibovich |first=Mark |date=August 9, 1998 |title=JOURNEY INTO THE SECRET HEART OF CAPITALISM |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1998/08/09/journey-into-the-secret-heart-of-capitalism/8a958de1-7a7d-4b7a-b8c5-3055c0508ad5/}}</ref>
On June 11, 1998, MicroStrategy became a [[public company]] via an [[initial public offering]]. The company sold 36 million shares of its common stock, each share priced at $6, under the stock ticker "MSTR" on the [[NASDAQ]] stock exchange.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Leibovich |first=Mark |date=August 9, 1998 |title=Journey Into the Secret Heart of Capitalism |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1998/08/09/journey-into-the-secret-heart-of-capitalism/8a958de1-7a7d-4b7a-b8c5-3055c0508ad5/}}</ref>


In 2000, MicroStrategy founded [[Alarm.com]] as part of its [[research and development]] unit.<ref name="Takahashi09">{{Cite news |last=Takahashi |first=Dean |date=February 17, 2009 |title=Alarm.com buys out its owners for $27.7 million |work=[[VentureBeat]] |url=https://venturebeat.com/2009/02/17/alarmcom-buys-out-its-owners-for-277-million/}}</ref>
In 2000, MicroStrategy founded [[Alarm.com]] as part of its [[research and development]] unit.<ref name="Takahashi09">{{Cite news |last=Takahashi |first=Dean |date=February 17, 2009 |title=Alarm.com buys out its owners for $27.7 million |work=[[VentureBeat]] |url=https://venturebeat.com/2009/02/17/alarmcom-buys-out-its-owners-for-277-million/}}</ref>
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In 2011, MicroStrategy expanded its offerings to include a cloud-based service, MicroStrategy Cloud.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Howson |first=Cindi |date=January 31, 2012 |title=MicroStrategy Cloud, Social And Mobile Bets Pay Off |work=[[InformationWeek]] |url=http://www.informationweek.com/software/business-intelligence/microstrategy-cloud-social-and-mobile-be/232500755}}</ref>  
In 2011, MicroStrategy expanded its offerings to include a cloud-based service, MicroStrategy Cloud.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Howson |first=Cindi |date=January 31, 2012 |title=MicroStrategy Cloud, Social And Mobile Bets Pay Off |work=[[InformationWeek]] |url=http://www.informationweek.com/software/business-intelligence/microstrategy-cloud-social-and-mobile-be/232500755}}</ref>  


In 2013, MicroStrategy sold [[Angel Incorporated|Angel]] to [[Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories]] for $110 million.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=MicroStrategy Announces Sale of Angel Subsidiary |date=February 26, 2013 |publisher=[[PR Newswire]] |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/microstrategy-announces-sale-of-angel-subsidiary-193265481.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=February 26, 2013 |title=MicroStrategy To Sell Angel.com Unit To Genesys For $110M |work=[[Forbes]] |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ericsavitz/2013/02/26/microstrategy-to-sell-angel-com-unit-to-genesys-for-110m/}}</ref>
In 2013, MicroStrategy sold [[Angel Incorporated|Angel]] to [[Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories]] for $110 million.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=MicroStrategy Announces Sale of Angel Subsidiary |date=February 26, 2013 |publisher=[[PR Newswire]] |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/microstrategy-announces-sale-of-angel-subsidiary-193265481.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=February 26, 2013 |title=MicroStrategy To Sell Angel.com Unit To Genesys For $110M |work=[[Forbes]] |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ericsavitz/2013/02/26/microstrategy-to-sell-angel-com-unit-to-genesys-for-110m/}}</ref>
 
In January 2014, the company announced a new feature of the platform called PRIME (Parallel Relational In-Memory Engine), co-developed with [[Facebook]].<ref name="idev1" />
 
In October 2014, the company announced plans to lay off 770 employees, a month after reducing Saylor's salary from $875,000 to $1 at his request.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clabaugh |first=Jeff |date=October 9, 2014 |title=MicroStrategy slashes workforce by 20 percent |work=[[American City Business Journals]] |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/washington/blog/techflash/2014/10/microstrategy-slashes-workforce-by-20-percent.html}}</ref>
 
In June 2015, MicroStrategy announced the general availability of MicroStrategy 10.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Noyes |first=Katherine |date=June 4, 2015 |title=MicroStrategy 10 promises enhanced BI with more governance, security |work=[[CIO magazine]] |url=http://www.cio.com/article/2931913/microstrategy-10-promises-enhanced-bi-with-more-governance-security.html}}</ref>


In the fall of 2018, the company released MicroStrategy 11.<ref name="Holak">{{Cite news |last=Holak |first=Brian |date=January 8, 2019 |title=MicroStrategy 2019 platform touts 'zero-click' analytics |work=[[Tech Target]] |url=https://searchbusinessanalytics.techtarget.com/news/252455491/MicroStrategy-2019-platform-touts-zero-click-analytics |access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
In August 2022, the attorney general for the [[District of Columbia]] sued Saylor for tax fraud, accusing him of illegally avoiding more than $25 million in D.C. taxes by pretending to be a resident of other jurisdictions. MicroStrategy was accused of collaborating with Saylor to facilitate his [[tax evasion]] by misreporting his residential address to local and federal tax authorities and failing to withhold D.C. taxes.<ref>{{cite web |title=AG Racine Sues DC-Based Billionaire Michael Saylor & Software Company Microstrategy for Evading More Than $25 Million in District Taxes |url=https://oag.dc.gov/release/ag-racine-sues-dc-based-billionaire-michael-saylor |access-date=1 September 2022 |website=oag.dc.gov}}</ref> MicroStrategy said the case is "a personal tax matter involving Mr. Saylor" and called the claims against the company "false" and it would "defend aggressively against this overreach."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Feiner |first1=Lauren |date=31 August 2022 |title=MicroStrategy Chair Michael Saylor accused of evading $25 million in taxes by DC attorney general |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/08/31/microstrategy-chairman-michael-saylor-accused-of-tax-evasion-by-dc-ag.html |access-date=1 September 2022 |publisher=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> In June 2024, Saylor and MicroStrategy reached a $40 million settlement agreement with the District of Columbia.<ref name="Hirsch 2024">{{cite news |last1=Hirsch |first1=Lauren |title=MicroStrategy and Its Founder to Pay $40 Million in Tax Fraud Lawsuit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/03/business/dealbook/microstrategy-michael-saylor-tax-fraud.html |work=[[New York Times]] |date=3 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128102401/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/03/business/dealbook/microstrategy-michael-saylor-tax-fraud.html |archive-date=28 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
 
In January 2019, MicroStrategy announced the general availability of MicroStrategy 2019.<ref name="Marshall">{{Cite news |last=Marshall |first=Mo |date=January 7, 2019 |title=MicroStrategy 2019 promises voice queries, hyper-targeted intelligence |work=[[Venture Beat]] |url=https://venturebeat.com/2019/01/07/microstrategy-2019-promises-voice-queries-hyper-targeted-intelligence/ |access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
 
In February 2020, the company announced  MicroStrategy 2020.<ref name="search1">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-05 |title=HyperIntelligence upgrades highlight MicroStrategy 2020 |url=https://searchbusinessanalytics.techtarget.com/news/252477892/HyperIntelligence-upgrades-highlight-MicroStrategy-2020 |access-date=2020-03-26 |website=TechTarget}}</ref>
 
In August 2022, the Attorney General for the [[District of Columbia]] sued Saylor for tax fraud, accusing him of illegally avoiding more than $25 million in D.C. taxes by pretending to be a resident of other jurisdictions. MicroStrategy was accused of collaborating with Saylor to facilitate his [[tax evasion]] by misreporting his residential address to local and federal tax authorities and failing to withhold D.C. taxes.<ref>{{cite web |title=AG Racine Sues DC-Based Billionaire Michael Saylor & Software Company Microstrategy for Evading More Than $25 Million in District Taxes |url=https://oag.dc.gov/release/ag-racine-sues-dc-based-billionaire-michael-saylor |access-date=1 September 2022 |website=oag.dc.gov}}</ref> MicroStrategy said the case is "a personal tax matter involving Mr. Saylor" and called the claims against the company "false" and it would "defend aggressively against this overreach."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Feiner |first1=Lauren |date=31 August 2022 |title=MicroStrategy Chair Michael Saylor accused of evading $25 million in taxes by DC attorney general |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/08/31/microstrategy-chairman-michael-saylor-accused-of-tax-evasion-by-dc-ag.html |access-date=1 September 2022 |publisher=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> In June 2024, Saylor and MicroStrategy reached a $40 million settlement agreement with the District of Columbia.<ref name="Hirsch 2024">{{cite news |last1=Hirsch |first1=Lauren |title=MicroStrategy and Its Founder to Pay $40 Million in Tax Fraud Lawsuit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/03/business/dealbook/microstrategy-michael-saylor-tax-fraud.html |work=[[New York Times]] |date=3 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128102401/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/03/business/dealbook/microstrategy-michael-saylor-tax-fraud.html |archive-date=28 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref>


Saylor resigned as CEO effective August 8, 2022. Phong Le, who had been president, succeeded him. Saylor remains the executive chairman of MicroStrategy. In a press release announcing the transition, Saylor said that he would focus on the company's bitcoin acquisition strategy and that Phong would manage overall corporate operations.<ref name="cnbc-2022-08-02" />
Saylor resigned as CEO effective August 8, 2022. Phong Le, who had been president, succeeded him. Saylor remains the executive chairman of MicroStrategy. In a press release announcing the transition, Saylor said that he would focus on the company's bitcoin acquisition strategy and that Phong would manage overall corporate operations.<ref name="cnbc-2022-08-02" />
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On September 25, 2023, MicroStrategy announced that, during the period between August 1, 2023, and September 24, 2023, MicroStrategy and its subsidiaries acquired approximately 5,445 bitcoins for approximately $147.3 million in cash, at an average price of approximately $27,053 per bitcoin, inclusive of fees and expenses.
On September 25, 2023, MicroStrategy announced that, during the period between August 1, 2023, and September 24, 2023, MicroStrategy and its subsidiaries acquired approximately 5,445 bitcoins for approximately $147.3 million in cash, at an average price of approximately $27,053 per bitcoin, inclusive of fees and expenses.


As of December 8, 2024, MicroStrategy was reported to own 423,650 bitcoins, worth $42.43 billion, and is the largest corporate holder of the asset. MicroStrategy purchased 149,880 bitcoins in the month beginning on November 11, 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Macheel |first=Tanaya |date=2024-12-14 |title=Bitcoin proxy MicroStrategy to join the Nasdaq 100 and heavily traded 'QQQ' ETF |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/12/13/bitcoin-proxy-microstrategy-to-join-the-nasdaq-100-and-heavily-traded-qqq-etf.html |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> On the strength of this asset, MicroStrategy was included in the [[Nasdaq-100]] effective December 23, 2024.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/microstrategy-secures-nasdaq-100-inclusion-after-bitcoin-fueled-stock-surge-2024-12-14/ | title=MicroStrategy secures Nasdaq-100 inclusion after bitcoin-fueled stock surge | work=Reuters | date=14 December 2024 }}</ref>
As of December 8, 2024, MicroStrategy was reported to own 423,650 bitcoins, worth $42.43 billion, and is the largest corporate holder of the asset. Like other cryptocurrency treasury entities, MicroStrategy doesn’t give investors on-chain data that would allow public verification of its reserves.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Elder |first=Bryce |date=June 18, 2025 |title=Bitcoin treasury companies are an auditor's nightmare |url=https://www.ft.com/content/d2d1f919-7386-4467-9b27-7d51dd54ee53 |work=Financial Times}}</ref> MicroStrategy purchased 149,880 bitcoins in the month beginning on November 11, 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Macheel |first=Tanaya |date=2024-12-14 |title=Bitcoin proxy MicroStrategy to join the Nasdaq 100 and heavily traded 'QQQ' ETF |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/12/13/bitcoin-proxy-microstrategy-to-join-the-nasdaq-100-and-heavily-traded-qqq-etf.html |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> On the strength of this asset, MicroStrategy was included in the [[Nasdaq-100]] effective December 23, 2024.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/microstrategy-secures-nasdaq-100-inclusion-after-bitcoin-fueled-stock-surge-2024-12-14/ | title=MicroStrategy secures Nasdaq-100 inclusion after bitcoin-fueled stock surge | work=Reuters | date=14 December 2024 }}</ref>
 
A further 4,225 bitcoins were acquired between July 7–13, 2025 for $472.5M at an average price of $111,827 per Bitcoin.<ref>https://x.com/solidintel_x/status/1944729403717456006</ref>
 
Strategy has launched four credit instruments in the second and third quarter of 2025 worth $4 billion, with more to come. Michael Saylor told Bloomberg that these are high-yield perpetual securities aiming to reduce bitcoin volatility and risk for investors.<ref>{{Citation |title=Strategy’s Saylor Touts Bitcoin-Backed Credit Products |date=2025-09-29 |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/videos/2025-09-29/strategy-s-saylor-touts-bitcoin-backed-credit-products-video |access-date=2025-11-07 |language=en}}</ref>
 
In late November 2025 [[Forbes]] reported that the shares of Strategy had dropped by 60% compared to the previous year, with its market capitalization down to $49 billion, which was below the value of the $56 billion in bitcoin it was holding at the same time.<ref>{{Citation |title=Will Bitcoin’s Dive Threaten Michael Saylor’s Strategy? |date=2025-09-24 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ninabambysheva/2025/11/24/will-bitcoins-dive-threaten-michael-saylors-strategy/ |access-date=2025-12-01 |language=en}}</ref> This was followed by a statement from Strategy CEO Phong Le about a potential sell of bitcoins by Strategy, which market observers saw as a contributing factor in a drop of bitcoin price below $86,000 in early December 2025.<ref>{{Citation |title=Kryptowährung fällt unter 86.000 Dollar |date=2025-12-01 |url=https://www.handelsblatt.com/finanzen/maerkte/devisen-rohstoffe/bitcoin-kryptowaehrung-faellt-unter-86000-dollar/100179687.html |access-date=2025-12-01 |language=de}}</ref>
 
==Products==
==Products==
{{Infobox software
{{Infobox software
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| website = {{URL|https://www.microstrategy.com/us/platform}}
| website = {{URL|https://www.microstrategy.com/us/platform}}
}}
}}
MicroStrategy 2020 is the latest platform release of the company's business intelligence software.<ref name=search1 />
MicroStrategy 2020 is the latest platform release of the company's business intelligence software.<ref name="search1">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-05 |title=HyperIntelligence upgrades highlight MicroStrategy 2020 |url=https://searchbusinessanalytics.techtarget.com/news/252477892/HyperIntelligence-upgrades-highlight-MicroStrategy-2020 |access-date=2020-03-26 |website=TechTarget}}</ref>


MicroStrategy 2019, the prior platform release, attempted to improve connectivity to data sources and applications and allow for easier mobile application development. it also offered Bluetooth identity detection and voice.<ref name="Holak" /><ref name="Marshall" /><ref name="Brust">{{Cite news |last=Brust |first=Andrew |date=January 7, 2019 |title=MicroStrategy 2019 introduced "HyperIntelligence" contextual BI |publisher=[[ZDNet]] |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microstrategy-2019-brings-introduces-hyperintelligence-contextual-bi/ |access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref> The earlier suite of software, MicroStrategy 10, consisted of MicroStrategy Analytics, MicroStrategy Mobile, and Usher. MicroStrategy 10.10, released in December 2017, added MicroStrategy Workstation.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sargent |first=Jenna |date=December 11, 2017 |title=MicroStrategy 10.10, Talend's new developer courses, and UC Berkeley future learning robots |work=[[SD Times]] |url=https://sdtimes.com/sd-times-news-digest-microstrategy-10-10-talends-new-courses-uc-berkeley-future-learning-robots/}}</ref> It uses business intelligence and [[predictive analytics]] to search through and perform analytics on [[big data]] from a variety of sources, including [[data warehouse]]s, [[Excel]] files, and [[Apache Hadoop]] distributions.<ref>{{Cite news |date=January 29, 2014 |title=Zettaset adds BI connector to Hadoop tool |publisher=[[ITWeb]] |url=https://www.itweb.co.za/content/JKjlyr7w2rjvk6am}}</ref>
MicroStrategy 2019, the prior platform release, attempted to improve connectivity to data sources and applications and allow for easier mobile application development. it also offered Bluetooth identity detection and voice.<ref name="Holak">{{Cite news |last=Holak |first=Brian |date=January 8, 2019 |title=MicroStrategy 2019 platform touts 'zero-click' analytics |url=https://searchbusinessanalytics.techtarget.com/news/252455491/MicroStrategy-2019-platform-touts-zero-click-analytics |access-date=April 2, 2019 |work=[[Tech Target]]}}</ref><ref name="Marshall">{{Cite news |last=Marshall |first=Mo |date=January 7, 2019 |title=MicroStrategy 2019 promises voice queries, hyper-targeted intelligence |url=https://venturebeat.com/2019/01/07/microstrategy-2019-promises-voice-queries-hyper-targeted-intelligence/ |access-date=April 2, 2019 |work=[[Venture Beat]]}}</ref><ref name="Brust">{{Cite news |last=Brust |first=Andrew |date=January 7, 2019 |title=MicroStrategy 2019 introduced "HyperIntelligence" contextual BI |publisher=[[ZDNet]] |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microstrategy-2019-brings-introduces-hyperintelligence-contextual-bi/ |access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref> The earlier suite of software, MicroStrategy 10, consisted of MicroStrategy Analytics, MicroStrategy Mobile, and Usher. MicroStrategy 10.10, released in December 2017, added MicroStrategy Workstation.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sargent |first=Jenna |date=December 11, 2017 |title=MicroStrategy 10.10, Talend's new developer courses, and UC Berkeley future learning robots |work=[[SD Times]] |url=https://sdtimes.com/sd-times-news-digest-microstrategy-10-10-talends-new-courses-uc-berkeley-future-learning-robots/}}</ref> It uses business intelligence and [[predictive analytics]] to search through and perform analytics on [[big data]] from a variety of sources, including [[data warehouse]]s, [[Excel]] files, and [[Apache Hadoop]] distributions.<ref>{{Cite news |date=January 29, 2014 |title=Zettaset adds BI connector to Hadoop tool |publisher=[[ITWeb]] |url=https://www.itweb.co.za/content/JKjlyr7w2rjvk6am}}</ref>


MicroStrategy Mobile, introduced in 2010, incorporates analytics capabilities to apps for [[iPhone]], [[iPad]], [[Android (operating system)|Android]], and [[BlackBerry]].<ref name="idev1">{{Cite news |title=MicroStrategy Rolls Out Analytics Solutions for Cloud, Mobile Information-Driven Apps |publisher=Integration Developer News |url=http://www.idevnews.com/stories/6089/MicroStrategy-Rolls-Out-Analytics-Solutions-for-Cloud-Mobile-Information-Driven-Apps |access-date=2014-02-20}}</ref>
MicroStrategy Mobile, introduced in 2010, incorporates analytics capabilities to apps for [[iPhone]], [[iPad]], [[Android (operating system)|Android]], and [[BlackBerry]].<ref name="idev1">{{Cite news |title=MicroStrategy Rolls Out Analytics Solutions for Cloud, Mobile Information-Driven Apps |publisher=Integration Developer News |url=http://www.idevnews.com/stories/6089/MicroStrategy-Rolls-Out-Analytics-Solutions-for-Cloud-Mobile-Information-Driven-Apps |access-date=2014-02-20}}</ref>
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Microstrategy}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Microstrategy}}
[[Category:Bitcoin]]
[[Category:Bitcoin]]
[[Category:Adoption of Bitcoin]]
[[Category:1989 establishments in Virginia]]
[[Category:1989 establishments in Virginia]]
[[Category:Business intelligence software]]
[[Category:Business intelligence software]]

Latest revision as of 17:12, 28 December 2025

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Strategy Inc., formerly known as MicroStrategy,[1] is an American company that provides business intelligence (BI) and mobile software. Founded in 1989 by Michael J. Saylor, Sanju Bansal, and Thomas Spahr, the firm develops software to analyze internal and external data in order to make business decisions and to develop mobile apps. It is a public company headquartered in Tysons Corner, Virginia, in the Washington metropolitan area.[2] Its primary business analytics competitors include SAP AG Business Objects, IBM Cognos, and Oracle Corporation's BI Platform.[3][4] Saylor is the executive chairman and, from 1989 to 2022, was the CEO.[5][6][7]

Since 2020, the company's securities are widely considered to be a bitcoin proxy due to MicroStrategy's holdings of the cryptocurrency. The company's executive chairman has compared it to a bitcoin spot leveraged ETF,[7] though it's not a regulated investment fund.

As of November 17, 2025, Strategy was reported to own over 650,000 bitcoins, worth roughly $59.69 billion, and is the largest corporate holder of the asset.[8] According to data from blockchain analytics company Arkham Intelligence, MicroStrategy is the sixth largest crypto-holding entity in the world as of December 2024.[9]

History

File:MicroStrategy logo.svg
Logo prior to 2025

Saylor started MicroStrategy in 1989 with a consulting contract from DuPont, which provided Saylor with $250,000 in start-up capital and office space in Wilmington, Delaware. Saylor was soon joined by company co-founder Sanju Bansal, whom he had met while the two were students at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).[10] The company produced software for data mining and business intelligence using nonlinear mathematics,[5] an idea inspired by a course on systems-dynamics theory that they took at MIT.[11]

In 1992, MicroStrategy gained its first major client when it signed a $10 million contract with McDonald's. It increased revenues by 100% each year between 1990 and 1996.[10] In 1994, the company's offices and its 50 employees moved from Delaware to Tysons Corner, Virginia.[12]

On June 11, 1998, MicroStrategy became a public company via an initial public offering. The company sold 36 million shares of its common stock, each share priced at $6, under the stock ticker "MSTR" on the NASDAQ stock exchange.[13]

In 2000, MicroStrategy founded Alarm.com as part of its research and development unit.[14]

On March 20, 2000, after a review of its accounting practices, MicroStrategy announced that it would restate its financial results for the preceding two years.[15] Its stock price, which had risen from $7 per share to as high as $333 per share in a year, fell to $120 per share, or 62%, in a day in what is regarded as the bursting of the dot-com bubble.[16]

Following MicroStrategy Inc.'s March 20, 2000 announcement that it had significantly overstated its 1998 and 1999 revenues, approximately two dozen class action securities fraud actions were filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia against MicroStrategy.[17] In December 2000, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission brought charges against the company and its executives.[18] A lawsuit was subsequently filed against MicroStrategy and certain of its officials over fraud.[19] In December 2000, Saylor, Bansal, and the company's former CFO settled with the SEC without admitting wrongdoing, each paying $350,000 in fines. The officers also paid a combined total of $10 million in disgorgement. The company settled with the SEC, hiring an independent director to ensure regulatory compliance.[20][21]

In February 2009, MicroStrategy sold Alarm.com to venture capital firm ABS Capital Partners for $27.7 million.[14] The company introduced OLAP Services with a shared data set cache to accelerate reports and ad hoc queries.[22] In 2010, the company began developing and deploying business intelligence software for mobile platforms, such as the iPhone and iPad.[23]

In 2011, MicroStrategy expanded its offerings to include a cloud-based service, MicroStrategy Cloud.[24]

In 2013, MicroStrategy sold Angel to Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories for $110 million.[25][26]

In August 2022, the attorney general for the District of Columbia sued Saylor for tax fraud, accusing him of illegally avoiding more than $25 million in D.C. taxes by pretending to be a resident of other jurisdictions. MicroStrategy was accused of collaborating with Saylor to facilitate his tax evasion by misreporting his residential address to local and federal tax authorities and failing to withhold D.C. taxes.[27] MicroStrategy said the case is "a personal tax matter involving Mr. Saylor" and called the claims against the company "false" and it would "defend aggressively against this overreach."[28] In June 2024, Saylor and MicroStrategy reached a $40 million settlement agreement with the District of Columbia.[29]

Saylor resigned as CEO effective August 8, 2022. Phong Le, who had been president, succeeded him. Saylor remains the executive chairman of MicroStrategy. In a press release announcing the transition, Saylor said that he would focus on the company's bitcoin acquisition strategy and that Phong would manage overall corporate operations.[7]

Bitcoin purchases

In August 2020, MicroStrategy invested $250 million in bitcoin as a treasury reserve asset, citing declining returns from cash, a weakening dollar, and other global macroeconomic factors.[30][31] The company went on to make several additional large purchases of bitcoin; as of September 19, 2022, MicroStrategy and its subsidiaries held approximately 130,000 BTC, acquired at an aggregate purchase price of $3.98 billion at an average purchase price of $30,639 per bitcoin. Saylor is the main driver behind this strategy.

On the company's quarterly earnings call on May 3, 2022, MicroStrategy CFO Phong Le stated that the company would face a margin call if bitcoin's price fell to about $21,000. A margin call would obligate the company to sell some of its bitcoin holdings. Le stated that the company could add more collateral to its loan to avoid such a situation.[32] After bitcoin's price fell to about $20,800 in June 2022, the company said that it had not received a margin call and that it had enough capital to withstand further volatility.[33] On December 22, 2022, MicroStrategy sold 704 BTC, which represented their first time selling any bitcoin, for an amount of around $11.8 million.[34]

On September 25, 2023, MicroStrategy announced that, during the period between August 1, 2023, and September 24, 2023, MicroStrategy and its subsidiaries acquired approximately 5,445 bitcoins for approximately $147.3 million in cash, at an average price of approximately $27,053 per bitcoin, inclusive of fees and expenses.

As of December 8, 2024, MicroStrategy was reported to own 423,650 bitcoins, worth $42.43 billion, and is the largest corporate holder of the asset. Like other cryptocurrency treasury entities, MicroStrategy doesn’t give investors on-chain data that would allow public verification of its reserves.[35] MicroStrategy purchased 149,880 bitcoins in the month beginning on November 11, 2024.[36] On the strength of this asset, MicroStrategy was included in the Nasdaq-100 effective December 23, 2024.[37]

A further 4,225 bitcoins were acquired between July 7–13, 2025 for $472.5M at an average price of $111,827 per Bitcoin.[38]

Strategy has launched four credit instruments in the second and third quarter of 2025 worth $4 billion, with more to come. Michael Saylor told Bloomberg that these are high-yield perpetual securities aiming to reduce bitcoin volatility and risk for investors.[39]

In late November 2025 Forbes reported that the shares of Strategy had dropped by 60% compared to the previous year, with its market capitalization down to $49 billion, which was below the value of the $56 billion in bitcoin it was holding at the same time.[40] This was followed by a statement from Strategy CEO Phong Le about a potential sell of bitcoins by Strategy, which market observers saw as a contributing factor in a drop of bitcoin price below $86,000 in early December 2025.[41]

Products

Script error: No such module "Infobox". Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters". MicroStrategy 2020 is the latest platform release of the company's business intelligence software.[42]

MicroStrategy 2019, the prior platform release, attempted to improve connectivity to data sources and applications and allow for easier mobile application development. it also offered Bluetooth identity detection and voice.[43][44][45] The earlier suite of software, MicroStrategy 10, consisted of MicroStrategy Analytics, MicroStrategy Mobile, and Usher. MicroStrategy 10.10, released in December 2017, added MicroStrategy Workstation.[46] It uses business intelligence and predictive analytics to search through and perform analytics on big data from a variety of sources, including data warehouses, Excel files, and Apache Hadoop distributions.[47]

MicroStrategy Mobile, introduced in 2010, incorporates analytics capabilities to apps for iPhone, iPad, Android, and BlackBerry.[48]

Usher is a digital credential and identity intelligence product for organizations to control digital and physical access. It replaces physical badges and passwords with secure digital badges, and generates information on user behavior and resource usage.[49][50]

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".
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  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ MicroStrategy Incorporated MicroStrategy
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ https://x.com/solidintel_x/status/1944729403717456006
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

  • Script error: No such module "Official website".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Business data for MicroStrategy Incorporated: Template:Hlist

Template:Bitcoin Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Dot-com Bubble

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