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| {{short description|Character created by James Matthew Barrie}}
| | '''Peter Pan''' commonly refers to: |
| {{about|the character Peter Pan|the original play and novel about the character|Peter and Wendy{{!}}''Peter and Wendy''|other uses}}
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| {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
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| {{Infobox character
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| | name = Peter Pan
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| | series = [[Peter and Wendy|Peter Pan]]
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| | image = Peter pan 1911 pipes (cropped).jpg
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| | caption = Illustration of Peter Pan playing the pipes, by [[Francis Donkin Bedford|F. D. Bedford]] from ''[[Peter and Wendy]]'' (1911)
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| | first = ''[[The Little White Bird]]'' (1902)
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| | creator = [[J. M. Barrie]]
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| | portrayer = [[Nina Boucicault]] ([[Peter and Wendy|1904 play]]) <br /> [[Maude Adams]] (first US production 1905) <br /> [[Mary Martin]] ([[Peter Pan (1954 musical)|1954 musical]]) <br /> [[Betty Bronson]] ([[Peter Pan (1924 film)|1924 film]])<br /> [[Robin Williams]] (''[[Hook (film)|Hook]]'') <br /> [[Jeremy Sumpter]] ([[Peter Pan (2003 film)|2003 film]]) <br /> [[Levi Miller]] (''[[Pan (2015 film)|Pan]]'') <br /> [[Allison Williams]] (''[[Peter Pan Live!]]'') <br /> [[Robbie Kay]] (''[[Once Upon a Time (TV series)|Once Upon a Time]]'') <br /> [[Alexander Molony]] (''[[Peter Pan & Wendy]]'')
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| | voice = [[Bobby Driscoll]] ([[Peter Pan (1953 film)|1953 film]]) <br /> [[Jason Marsden]] (''[[Peter Pan and the Pirates]]'') <br /> [[Blayne Weaver]] (2001–present in Disney media) <br /> Christopher Steele (''[[Kingdom Hearts]]'') <br /> [[Adam Wylie]] (''[[Jake and the Never Land Pirates]]'') <br /> [[Will Arnett]] (''[[Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers (film)|Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers]]'') <br /> Lee Slobotkin (''[[Once Upon a Studio]]'')
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| | nickname =
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| | alias = ''The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up''
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| | species = Human
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| | gender = Male
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| | title =
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| | nationality = English
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| }}
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| '''Peter Pan''' is a fictional character created by [[List of Scottish novelists|Scottish novelist]] and playwright [[J. M. Barrie]]. A free-spirited and mischievous young boy who can fly and never grows up, Peter Pan spends his never-ending childhood having adventures on the mythical island of [[Neverland]] as the leader of the [[Lost Boys (Peter Pan)|Lost Boys]], interacting with [[Fairy|fairies]], [[Piracy|pirate]]s, [[mermaid]]s, [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]], and occasionally ordinary children from the world outside Neverland.
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| Peter Pan has become a cultural icon symbolizing youthful innocence and [[escapism]]. In addition to two distinct works by Barrie, ''[[The Little White Bird]]'' (1902, with chapters 13–18 published in ''[[Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens]]'' in 1906), and the [[West End theatre|West End stage]] play ''[[Peter and Wendy|Peter Pan; or, the Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up]]'' (1904, which expanded into the 1911 novel ''[[Peter and Wendy]]''), the character has been featured in a variety of media and merchandise, both adapting and expanding on Barrie's works. These include several films, television series and many other works. | | *[[Peter Pan (character)]], a fictional boy who refuses to grow up, created by Scottish author J. M. Barrie |
| | *[[Peter Pan (play and novel)|''Peter Pan'' (play and novel)]] (1904), the play that first popularised the character |
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| Barrie commissioned a [[Peter Pan statue|statue of Peter Pan]] by the sculptor [[George Frampton]], which was erected overnight in [[Kensington Gardens]] on 30 April 1912 as a surprise to the children of London.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Barrie |first1=J. M. |title=Peter Pan |date=2011 |publisher=Broadview Press |page=29}}</ref> Six other statues have been cast from the original mould and displayed around the world. In 2002, Peter Pan featured on a [[Great Britain commemorative stamps 2000–2009|series of UK postage stamps]] issued by the [[Royal Mail]] on the centenary of Barrie's creation of the character.<ref>{{cite news |title=Border region's special stamps |url=https://www.itv.com/news/border/2015-01-02/border-regions-special-stamps |access-date=20 September 2022 |work=ITV |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171330/https://www.itv.com/news/border/2015-01-02/border-regions-special-stamps |url-status=live }}</ref>
| | '''Peter Pan''' may also refer to: |
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| Barrie gifted the copyright of Peter Pan to [[Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital|Great Ormond Street Children’s Hospital]] in 1929. Whilst the works are now in the public domain, the hospital maintains the right to collect royalties from adaptations in the United Kingdom thanks to a special amendment to the [[Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988|Copyright, Designs & Patents 1988]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Peter Pan copyright |url=https://www.gosh.org/about-us/peter-pan/copyright/ |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=GOSH Charity |language=en-GB}}</ref>
| | ==Works featuring the character Peter Pan== |
| | {{See also|List of works based on Peter Pan{{!}}List of works based on ''Peter Pan''}} |
| | <!--Section linked from [[Mary (name)]]--> |
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| ==Origin== | | ===Books=== |
| | * ''[[Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens]]'' (1906), originally a chapter in ''The Little White Bird'' about the character's origin and infancy |
| | * ''[[Peter and Wendy]]'' (1911), the novel based on the play |
| | *''Peter Pan'' (1928), the first published edition of the play |
| | ** ''[[Peter Pan in Scarlet]]'' (2006), an authorised sequel |
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| Peter Pan first appeared as a character in Barrie's ''[[The Little White Bird]]'' (1902), a novel for adults. In chapters 13–18, titled "Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens", Peter is a seven-day-old baby and has flown from his nursery to [[Kensington Gardens]] in London, where the fairies and birds taught him to fly. He is described as "betwixt-and-between" a boy and a bird. Barrie returned to the character of Peter Pan, putting him at the centre of his [[stage play]] titled ''[[Peter and Wendy|Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up]]'', which premiered on 27 December 1904 at the [[Duke of York's Theatre]] in London.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KdVAAAAAIBAJ&pg=4415%2C5760076 |title=Mr Barrie's New Play. A Christmas Fairy Tale |work=The Glasgow Herald |date=28 December 1904 |page=7 |access-date=20 August 2020 |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124102415/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KdVAAAAAIBAJ&pg=4415,5760076 |url-status=live }}</ref> Following the success of the 1904 play, Barrie's publishers, [[Hodder and Stoughton]], extracted the Peter Pan chapters of ''The Little White Bird'' and published them in 1906 under the title ''[[Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens]]'', with the addition of illustrations by [[Arthur Rackham]].<ref>{{cite book|title=J.M. Barrie & the Lost Boys |last=Birkin |first=Andrew |year=2003|publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |isbn=0-300-09822-7|page = 47}}</ref> Barrie later adapted and expanded the 1904 play's storyline as a [[novel]], which was published in 1911 as ''[[Peter and Wendy]]''. | | ===Plays and musicals=== |
| | * [[Peter Pan (1950 musical)|''Peter Pan'' (1950 musical)]], the Leonard Bernstein Broadway stage adaptation of the play, never filmed |
| | * [[Peter Pan (1954 musical)|''Peter Pan'' (1954 musical)]], the Broadway musical adaptation of the play featuring Mary Martin. Telecast live on TV twice, and afterwards videotaped for future telecasts. |
| | * [[Peter Pan (Three Sixty Entertainment)|''Peter Pan'' (Three Sixty Entertainment)]], an updated version of the original play presented in its own theatre pavilion using 360 degree video |
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| J. M. Barrie may have based the character of Peter Pan on his older brother, David, who died in an ice-skating accident the day before his 14th birthday. His mother and brother thought of him as forever a boy.<ref>Birkin, Andrew. ''J.M. Barrie and the Lost Boys.'' Yale University Press, 1986.</ref> A later inspiration was his friendship with the [[Llewelyn Davies boys]], as described in Barrie's Dedication to the first edition of the play: "I suppose I always knew that I made Peter by rubbing the five of you violently together, as savages with two sticks produced a flame. That is all he is, the spark I got from you."<ref>Barrie, J.M. Peter Pan. Hodder & Stoughton, 1928, Dedication</ref>
| | ===Film and television=== |
| | * [[Peter Pan (1924 film)|''Peter Pan'' (1924 film)]], the silent film based on the play |
| | * [[Peter Pan (1953 film)|''Peter Pan'' (1953 film)]], the animated film by The Walt Disney Company based on the play |
| | * [[Peter Pan (1976 musical)|''Peter Pan'' (1976 musical)]], a TV film by Dwight Hemion |
| | *[[Peter Pan (2003 film)|''Peter Pan'' (2003 film)]], the first live-action sound film based on the play, directed by P. J. Hogan |
| | * ''[[Peter Pan no Boken]]'', the anime adaptation and extension of the Peter Pan story |
| | * ''[[Peter Pan and the Pirates]]'', the 1990s animated TV show |
| | * ''[[Peter Pan Live!]]'', a live television special and production of the 1954 musical adaptation of ''Peter and Wendy'', broadcast on NBC in 2014 |
| | * [[Pan (2015 film)|''Pan'' (2015 film)]], a prequel film by Joe Wright |
| | * [[Peter and Wendy (film)|''Peter and Wendy'' (2015 film)]], a TV film by Diarmuid Lawrence |
| | * [[Peter Pan & Wendy (film)|''Peter Pan & Wendy'' (film)]], a 2023 live-action film |
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| ==Physical appearance== | | ===Sculpture=== |
| | *[[Peter Pan statue]], 1912 bronze in Kensington Gardens, London, England, with copies elsewhere |
| | *[[Peter Pan (Columbus, Ohio)]], 1927 fountain and sculpture in Columbus, Ohio, United States |
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| [[File:Peter Pan, by Oliver Herford, 1907.png|thumb|170px|1907 illustration of Peter Pan by [[Oliver Herford]] ]] | | ===Other works=== |
| Barrie never described Peter's appearance in detail, even in his novel, leaving it to the imagination of the reader and the interpretation of anyone adapting the character. In the play, Peter's outfit is made of autumn [[leaves]] and [[cobwebs]]. In the book and the play, he also carries a [[dagger]] for cutting and a [[sword]] for fighting, although in some versions he only has one of the two.<ref>Barrie, J. M. ''Peter Pan'' (play). Hodder & Stoughton, 1928, Act I, Scene 1</ref> His name and playing the [[flute]] or [[pan pipes]] suggest that he is based on the Greek god and mythological character [[Pan (god)|Pan]]. Barrie mentions in ''Peter and Wendy'' that Peter Pan still had all his "[[first teeth]]".<ref name="chap1">Barrie, J. M. ''Peter and Wendy''. Hodder & Stoughton, 1911, Chapter I.</ref> He describes him as a "lovely boy, clad in skeleton leaves and the juices that ooze out of trees".<ref name="chap1"/> In ''[[The Little White Bird]]'' (1902) and ''Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens'' (1906), he is seven days old.<ref>[[Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens]], Chapter II, 2nd paragraph</ref>
| | * [[Peter Pan's Flight]], a dark ride attraction at Walt Disney Parks and Resorts |
| | *[[Peter Pan (video game)]], 1984 game |
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| Traditionally, the character has been [[Principal boy|played on stage by a female actor]], but can also be played by a male actor.<ref>Bruce K. Hanson. ''Peter Pan on Stage and Screen 1904–2010''. McFarland, 2011</ref> In the original productions in the UK, Peter Pan's costume was a reddish tunic and dark green tights, such as that worn by [[Nina Boucicault]] in 1904. This costume is exhibited at Barrie's Birthplace.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nts.org.uk/visit/places/j-m-barries-birthplace |title=J M Barrie's Birthplace |publisher=Nts.org.uk |access-date=17 June 2014 |archive-date=3 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403052143/https://www.nts.org.uk/visit/places/j-m-barries-birthplace |url-status=live }}</ref> The similar costume worn by [[Pauline Chase]] (who played the role from 1906 to 1913) is displayed in the [[Museum of London]]. Early editions of adaptations of the story also depict a red costume <ref>Daniel O'Connor, illustrated by Alice B. Woodward. ''The Peter Pan Picture Book''. Bell & Sons, 1907.</ref><ref>''Peter Pan's ABC'' illustrated by Flora White. Hodder & Stoughton, 1913</ref> but a green costume (whether or not made of leaves) becomes more usual from the 1920s,<ref>May Byron, illustrated by Mabel Lucie Atwell, ''Peter Pan and Wendy''. Hodder & Stoughton, 1921.</ref> and more so later after the release of Disney's animated movie.
| | ==Animals== |
| | *[[Peter Pan (American horse)]] (1904–1933), a United States thoroughbred racehorse |
| | *[[Peter Pan (Australian horse)]] (1929–1941), an Australia thoroughbred racehorse |
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| In the Disney films, Peter wears an outfit that consists of a short-sleeved green tunic and tights apparently made of cloth, and a cap with a red feather in it. He has pointed [[elf]]-like ears, brown eyes, and reddish hair.
| | ==Music== |
| | *[[Peter Pan Records]], a record label of the 1950s–70s, specialising in children's records |
| | *[[Petar Pan]], Serbian rock band |
| | *[[Peterpan (band)]], former name of Indonesian alternative pop band, now known as Noah |
| | *[[Peter Pan (album)|''Peter Pan'' (album)]] by Dutch rockband Peter Pan Speedrock |
| | *[[Peter Pan (song)|"Peter Pan" (song)]], by Kelsea Ballerini, 2016 |
| | *"Peter Pan", first published song by [[Noël Coward]], later recorded by [[Bessie Jones (Welsh singer)]] in 1918 |
| | *"In Search of Peter Pan", a song by Kate Bush from the album ''[[Lionheart (Kate Bush album)|Lionheart]]'' |
| | *"Peter Pan", a song by Exo from ''[[XOXO (Exo album)|XOXO]]'' |
| | *"Peter Pan", a song by (G)I-dle from ''[[I Feel]]'' |
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| In ''[[Hook (film)|Hook]]'' (1991), the character is played as an adult by [[Robin Williams]], with blue eyes and dark brown hair; in flashbacks to him in his youth, his hair is light brown. His ears appear pointed only when he is Peter Pan, not as Peter Banning.<!--The name is not "Panning"; please read the film credits--> His Pan attire resembles the Disney outfit (minus the cap) and he wields a [[gold]] bladed [[sword]].
| | ==People== |
| | *[[Peter Pan (singer)]] (born 1984), Taiwanese pop singer |
| | *[[Randy Constan]], Peter Pan impersonator |
| | *[[Peterpan]], born José Fernandes de Paula, composer |
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| In the live-action [[Peter Pan (2003 film)|2003 ''Peter Pan'' film]], he is portrayed by [[Jeremy Sumpter]], with blond hair, green eyes, bare feet and a costume made of leaves and vines.
| | ==Transportation== |
| | *"Peter Pan", a Kerr Stuart Wren narrow gauge locomotive belonging to the [[Leighton Buzzard Light Railway]], Bedfordshire, England |
| | *[[Peter Pan Bus Lines]], based in the northeastern United States |
| | *Several [[Ro-Pax]] passenger ships operated by [[TT-Line]]: |
| | **''Peter Pan'' (1965-1973) |
| | **''Peter Pan'' (1974-1986) |
| | **''Peter Pan'' (1986-1993); now {{ship|MS|Princess Seaways}} |
| | **''Peter Pan'' IV (1988) (IMO 8618358) launched as ''Nils Dacke'' II; now {{ship|MS|Huckleberry Finn}}<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.ttline.com/en/ttline/ships/huckleberry-finn/| title=TT-Line Huckleberry Finn| publisher=TT-Line| accessdate=29 August 2025}}</ref> |
| | **''Peter Pan'' (2001) (IMO 9217242); lengthened by 30m in 2018; now {{ship|MS|Tinker Bell}}<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.ttline.com/en/ttline/ships/tinker-bell/| title=TT-Line Tinker Bell| publisher=TT-Line| accessdate=29 August 2025}}</ref> |
| | **{{ship|MS|Peter Pan|2023|2}} (2023) (IMO 9880946) - [[LNG]]-powered "Green Ship"<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.ttline.com/en/ttline/ships/peter-pan/| title=TT-Line Peter Pan| publisher=TT-Line| accessdate=29 August 2025}}</ref> |
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| In the prequel to the main story [[Pan (2015 film)|2015 ''Pan'' film]], he is portrayed by [[Levi Miller]], a young boy who was left as a baby by the orphanage until he gets captured by Blackbeard's pirates and taken to Neverland. Here he wears just simple clothes.
| | ==Other== |
| | | *[[Peter Pan (peanut butter)]] |
| ==Personality== | | *[[Peter Pan collar]], style of clothing collar, flat in design with rounded corners |
| Peter is an exaggerated stereotype of a boastful and careless boy. He claims greatness, even when such claims are questionable (such as congratulating himself when Wendy re-attaches his shadow). In the play and book, Peter symbolises the selfishness of childhood, and is portrayed as being forgetful and self-centred.
| | *[[Peter Pan Cup]], swimming trophy for a Christmas-day race, first awarded by Barrie in 1904 |
| | | *[[Operation Peter Pan]], in which children of Cuba were flown to the United States |
| Peter has a nonchalant, devil-may-care attitude, and is fearlessly cocky when it comes to putting himself in danger. Barrie writes that when Peter thought he was going to die on Marooners' Rock, he felt scared, yet he felt only one shudder. With this blithe attitude, he says, "To die will be an awfully big adventure." In the play, the unseen and unnamed narrator ponders what might have been if Peter had stayed with Wendy, so that his cry might have become, "To live would be an awfully big adventure!", "but he can never quite get the hang of it".<ref name=":0">Barrie, J. M. ''Peter Pan''. Hodder & Stoughton, 1928, Act V, Scene 2.</ref>
| | *[[DDT Peter Pan]], an annual professional wrestling event |
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| ==Abilities==
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| Peter's archetypal quality is his unending youth. In ''Peter and Wendy'', it is explained that Peter must forget his own adventures and what he learns about the world in order to stay childlike.
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| Peter's ability to fly is explained, but inconsistently. In ''The Little White Bird'', he is able to fly because he is said to be part bird, like all babies. In the play and novel, he teaches the Darling children to fly using a combination of "lovely wonderful thoughts" and fairy dust. In Barrie's Dedication to the play ''Peter Pan, The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow up'',<ref>Barrie, J. M. ''Peter Pan''. Hodder & Stoughton, 1928, "To the Five – A Dedication".</ref> the author attributes the idea of fairy dust being necessary for flight to practical needs:
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| <blockquote>
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| ...after the first production I had to add something to the play at the request of parents (who thus showed that they thought me the responsible person) about no one being able to fly until the fairy dust had been blown on him; so many children having gone home and tried it from their beds and needed surgical attention. <small> – J. M. Barrie</small>
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| </blockquote>
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| Peter has an effect on the whole of Neverland and its inhabitants when he is there. Barrie states that although Neverland appears different to every child, the island "wakes up" when Peter returns from his trip to London. In the chapter "The Mermaids' Lagoon" in the book ''Peter and Wendy'', Barrie writes that there is almost nothing that Peter cannot do. He is a skilled [[swordsman]], rivalling even Captain Hook, whose hand he cut off in a duel. He has remarkably keen vision and hearing. He is skilled in mimicry, copying the voice of Hook and the ticking of the clock in the crocodile.
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| Peter has the ability to imagine things into existence and he is able to sense danger when it is near.
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| In ''Peter and Wendy'', Barrie states that the Peter Pan legend Mrs. Darling heard as a child, was that when children died, he accompanied them part of the way to their destination so they would not be frightened.
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| In the original play, Peter states that no one must ever touch him (though he does not know why). The stage directions specify that no one does so throughout the play. Wendy approaches Peter to give him a "kiss" (thimble), but is prevented by [[Tinker Bell]]. However, [[John Caird (director)|John Caird]] and [[Trevor Nunn]]'s introduction to the script for the 1997 [[Royal National Theatre]] production, states that this was never Barrie's original intention, and was only added for a production in 1927, where [[Jean Forbes-Robertson]] took the title role, and played the part with a lighter, more fairy-like, physicality. Robertson was to play the part almost every year until 1939.
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| == Cultural allusions ==
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| Peter Pan is a free spirit, being too young to be burdened with the effects of education or to have an adult appreciation of moral responsibility. As a "betwixt-and-between", who can fly and speak the language of fairies and birds, Peter is part animal and part human. According to psychologist [[Rosalind Ridley]], by comparing Peter's behaviour to adults and to other animals, Barrie raises many post-[[Darwinism|Darwinian]] questions about the origins of human nature and behaviour. As "the boy who wouldn't grow up", Peter exhibits many aspects of the stages of [[cognitive development]] seen in children and can be regarded as Barrie's memory of himself as a child, being both charmingly childlike and childishly [[Solipsism|solipsistic]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Peter Pan and the Mind of J. M. Barrie|last=Ridley|first=Rosalind |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|year=2016|isbn=978-1-4438-9107-3}}</ref>
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| ==Relationships==
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| {{Main|Characters of Peter Pan}}
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| ===Family===
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| Peter Pan ran away from his parents when he was a baby as told in ''[[Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens]]'' and ''[[Peter and Wendy]]''. Finding the window closed and seeing a new baby boy in the house when he returned some time later, he believed his parents no longer wanted him and never came back. This younger sibling is referred to in the chapter "Lock-Out Time" in ''Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens'' but is not mentioned again.
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| ===Friends===
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| ====Maimie Mannering====
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| While in Kensington Gardens, Peter meets a lost girl named Maimie Mannering and the two quickly become friends. Peter proposes marriage to Maimie. While Maimie wants to stay in the Gardens with Peter, she comes to realise that her mother is so worried that she must return to her. Maimie promises to always remember Peter and goes back to her mother. When Maimie grows up, she continues to think of Peter, dedicating presents and letters to him. To remember Maimie, Peter rides the imaginary goat that Maimie created for him. She is considered to be the literary predecessor of [[Wendy Darling]].<ref>Rose, Jacqueline. ''The Case of Peter Pan, Or, The Impossibility of Children's Fiction'', University of Pennsylvania Press, 1984, p. 28.</ref>
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| ====The Darlings====
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| =====Wendy Darling=====
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| {{Main|Wendy Darling}}
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| It is hinted that Wendy may have romantic feelings for Peter, but unrequited because of his inability to love.
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| In the original novel, Peter later befriends Wendy's daughter Jane (and her subsequent daughter Margaret), and it is implied that this pattern will go on forever. From time to time, Peter visits the real world, and befriends children. Wendy Darling, whom he recruited to be his "mother", is the most significant of them; he also brings her brothers [[John Darling (Peter Pan)|John]] and [[Michael Darling (Peter Pan)|Michael]] to Neverland at her request. It is mentioned that Wendy was the only girl who captured his attention.
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| In the 1991 film ''[[Hook (movie)|Hook]]'', an older Wendy implies that she used to (and perhaps, still does) have feelings for Peter, saying that she was shocked that he did not prevent her wedding day. In the 2002 sequel to the [[Peter Pan (1953 film)|1953 Disney film]], ''[[Return to Neverland]]'', Peter and a grown-up Wendy are briefly, but happily, reunited after many years and continue to show feelings for each other. In the 2003 film ''[[Peter Pan (2003 film)|Peter Pan]]'', the feeling is mutual. Captain Hook can only take away Peter's ability to fly by thoughts of Wendy leaving him, growing up, and replacing him with a husband. Wendy saves Peter by giving him her hidden kiss which gives him the will to live, signifying she is his true love. In some versions, he marries her or her granddaughter Moira.
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| =====John Darling and Michael Darling=====
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| John is the middle child of the Darlings, and plays father and mother with Wendy. On the Neverland, he serves as the boldest of the Lost Boys and the only one who is not entirely convinced by Peter's games. "'Do be more polite to him,' Wendy whispered to John...'Then tell him to stop showing off,' said John."<ref>{{Citation |last=Barrie |first=J. M. |title=Peter and Wendy (1911) |date=2023-09-14 |work=The Collected Peter Pan |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780198878384.003.0003 |access-date=2024-11-20 |publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=10.1093/owc/9780198878384.003.0003 |isbn=978-0-19-887838-4|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Michael, the youngest of the Darlings, is the least prepared for the bloodthirsty life on the Neverland. When Michael kills a pirate in Act V, Wendy is mortified because he is so happy about it.<ref name=":0" /> ''Peter Pan In Scarlet'' reveals that Michael died in World War I.
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| =====Mary and George Darling=====
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| The parents of Wendy, John and Michael. Mr. Darling works as a clerk in the [[City of London|City]], and is named after George Llewelyn Davies. Mrs. Darling is named after Mary Ansell, Barrie's wife.
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| ====Neverland inhabitants====
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| =====Tiger Lily=====
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| {{main|Tiger Lily (Peter Pan)}}
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| Tiger Lily is the daughter of Great Big Little Panther, the chief of the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] tribe that resides in Neverland. Barrie refers to her as "a princess in her own right", and she is often described as such. She is kidnapped by the pirates and left to die on Marooners' Rock but is rescued by Peter. It is hinted later that she may have romantic feelings for Peter but he does not return them, as he is completely oblivious to other people's feelings. In the Disney film, Tiger Lily shows her gratitude by performing a dance for Peter and kissing him. The kiss makes him turn bright red and makes Wendy jealous of Tiger Lily.
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| =====Tinker Bell=====
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| {{Main|Tinker Bell}}
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| Tinker Bell is a common fairy who is Peter Pan's best friend and is often jealously protective of him. He nicknames her "Tink". She is the friend who helps him in his escapades. Tink's malicious actions are usually caused by her jealousy; these lead to the Lost Boys shooting arrows at Wendy, and eventually revealing Peter's hideout to Captain Hook, in the hope that Wendy will be captured rather than Peter. When Tink realises her serious mistake, she risks her own life by drinking the poison Hook has left for Peter. Her extreme loyalty and dedication to Peter are everlasting.
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| =====The Lost Boys=====
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| {{Main|Lost Boys (Peter Pan)}}
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| Peter is the leader of the Lost Boys, which include Tootles, Nibs, Slightly, Curly, and The Twins. The Lost Boys is a band of boys who were lost by their parents after they "fall out of their [[Baby transport|perambulators]]" and came to live in Neverland. In Barrie's novel ''Peter and Wendy'' (but not the original play ''Peter Pan''), it is stated that Peter "thins them out" when they start to grow up.
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| In the song "I Won't Grow Up" from [[Peter Pan (1954 musical)|the 1954 musical]], the boys sing "I will stay a boy forever", to which Peter replies "And be banished if I don't".
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| In ''[[Peter Pan in Scarlet]]'' (2006), the official sequel to Barrie's ''Peter and Wendy'', what happens to the Lost Boys when they begin to grow up is revealed when Slightly starts to grow older, as Peter banishes him to Nowhereland (which means that he and all his allies will ignore the banished person's existence), the home of all the Long Lost Boys whom Peter has banished in times past.
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| =====The Crocodile=====
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| The crocodile is Captain Hook's [[Nemesis (philosophy)|nemesis]]. After Peter Pan cut off Captain Hook's hand in a fight and threw it into the sea, the crocodile swallowed it and got a taste for Hook, so it now seeks to consume him whole. It also swallowed a ticking clock, which alerts Hook of its presence.
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| ===Adversaries===
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| ====Captain Hook====
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| {{Main|Captain Hook}}
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| Captain Hook, whose right hand was cut off in a duel, is Peter Pan's arch-enemy who leads a large group of [[piracy|pirates]]. Captain Hook's two principal fears are [[Blood phobia|the sight of his own blood]] (which is supposedly an unnatural colour) and one [[saltwater crocodile]]. His name plays on the [[Transradial prosthesis|iron hook]] that replaced his hand cut off by Peter Pan and eaten by the aforementioned crocodile, which continues to pursue Hook. In the 1991 film ''[[Hook (film)|Hook]]'' Captain Hook kidnaps the children of Peter Banning (the adoptive identity of Peter Pan) when he left Neverland to grow up and married Moira Darling (the granddaughter of Wendy Darling) with whom he would have the two children whom Hook would kidnap: Maggie and Jack. Hook in this film is also shown to question his existence due to the fact Banning/Pan has been away from Neverland so long, to the point that he does not remember anything when he first returns to Neverland. At Smee's suggestion, Hook conjures up a plan to defeat Peter Pan by having his own children turn against him. Although Maggie is never swayed by this plan, Jack initially sides with the pirates due to the prior broken promises of his father. However, upon realising that his father is Peter Pan, Jack has a change of heart and betrays Hook, who is defeated and eaten by a crocodile.
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| ====Mr. Smee====
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| {{main|Mr. Smee}}
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| Mr. Smee is [[Captain Hook]]'s [[boatswain]] ("bo'sun") and right-hand man in [[J. M. Barrie]]'s play ''Peter Pan'' and the novel ''[[Peter and Wendy]]''. Mr. Smee is Captain Hook's direct confidant. Unlike the other pirates, Smee is often clumsy and incapable of capturing any of the Lost Boys. Rather than engaging in Hook's evil schemes, Smee finds excitement in bagging loot and treasures.
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| ==Original works==
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| {{main list|Works based on Peter Pan}}
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| [[File:Peter Pan 1915 cover.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Cover of 1915 edition of [[J. M. Barrie]]'s novel, first published in 1911, illustrated by [[Francis Donkin Bedford|F. D. Bedford]]<ref>Francis Donkin Bedford died in 1954 and his works are in copyright until 2024 in Europe. If this work is not "work for hire" then it is fair use.</ref>]]
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| * ''[[Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up]]'' (1904 play), a play in which Peter brings Wendy and her brothers to Neverland, where he has a showdown with his [[Archenemy|nemesis]], [[Captain Hook]]. Barrie adapted this play as a novel; numerous variations and other adaptations have been produced in various media
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| * ''[[Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens]]'' (1906), an origin story wherein the infant Peter flies away from his home, takes up residence in [[Kensington Gardens]], and befriends the fairies. It is a "book-within-a-book" that was first published in Barrie's ''[[The Little White Bird]]'' (1902) | |
| * ''When Wendy Grew Up – An Afterthought'' (1908), Barrie's sequel play
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| * ''[[Peter and Wendy]]'' (1911), a novel Barrie adapted from the 1904 play, later republished as ''Peter Pan and Wendy''; it also incorporates events of Barrie's sequel play, ''When Wendy Grew Up – An Afterthought'' (1908)
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| ==Popular culture==
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| ===Motion pictures and television ===
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| [[File:Peter Pan disney.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Peter Pan, as he appears in Walt Disney's film adaptation (1953)]]
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| *Peter Pan appeared for the first time on screen in the [[1924 in film|1924]] [[United States|American]] [[Silent film|silent]] [[adventure film]] ''[[Peter Pan (1924 film)|Peter Pan]]'' released by [[Paramount Pictures]] as an adaptation of the original stage play.<ref>Green, Roger Lancelyn (1954). Fifty Years of Peter Pan. Peter Davies Publishing</ref>
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| *Since their [[Peter Pan (1953 film)|1953 animated film]], [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] has continued to use Peter Pan as a character, as in the sequel film ''[[Return to Never Land]]'' (voiced by [[Blayne Weaver]]),<ref name="btva">{{cite web |title=Peter Pan Voices |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/characters/Peter-Pan/Peter-Pan/ |access-date=April 28, 2024 |publisher=Behind The Voice Actors}} A green check mark indicates that a role has been confirmed using a screenshot (or collage of screenshots) of a title's list of voice actors and their respective characters found in its credits or other reliable sources of information.</ref> and in the [[Disney Parks]], both as a [[meetable character]] alternating between [[Fantasyland]] and [[Adventureland (Disney)|Adventureland]] and as the protagonist of the [[dark ride]] [[Peter Pan's Flight]]. He also appears in the television series ''[[House of Mouse]]'' and its film ''[[Mickey's Magical Christmas: Snowed in at the House of Mouse|Mickey's Magical Christmas]]'', several Disney video games including the ''[[Kingdom Hearts]]'' series (voiced by [[Mitsuo Iwata]], and later by [[Yū Hayashi]]),<ref name="btva" /> and the television series based on ''Peter Pan'', ''[[Jake and the Never Land Pirates]]'' (voiced by [[Adam Wylie]]).<ref name="btva" /> An older and darker interpretation of this Peter Pan appears as an antagonist in [[Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers (film)|''Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers'']], voiced by [[Will Arnett]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Zuckerman|first=Esther|date=May 20, 2022|url=https://www.thrillist.com/entertainment/nation/chip-n-dale-rescue-rangers-review|title='Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers' Riffs on 'Roger Rabbit,' but Has No Bite|publisher=[[Thrillst]]|access-date=May 20, 2022|archive-date=20 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520161307/https://www.thrillist.com/entertainment/nation/chip-n-dale-rescue-rangers-review|url-status=live}}</ref> Peter Pan also appears in the short film ''[[Once Upon a Studio]]'', voiced primarily by Lee Slobotkin, with archival recordings of Bobby Driscoll also being used.<ref name="btva" />
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| [[File:The Paradise of Peter Pan, print of painting by Edward Mason Eggleston, 1932.jpg|thumb| upright|''The Paradise of Peter Pan'' by [[Edward Mason Eggleston]], 1934]]
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| *Peter Pan appears in ''[[Fox's Peter Pan & the Pirates]]'' , voiced by [[Jason Marsden]].<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0098891/characters/nm0005189/ |title=Peter Pan and the Pirates (TV Series 1990–1991) - Jason Marsden as Peter Pan, D'Artagnan - IMDb |language=en-US |access-date=2025-04-04 |via=www.imdb.com}}</ref>
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| *In 1991, [[Robin Williams]] portrayed Peter Pan in the live-action film ''[[Hook (film)|Hook]]'', directed by [[Steven Spielberg]], also starring [[Dustin Hoffman]] as Captain Hook and [[Julia Roberts]] as Tinker Bell.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0102057/characters/nm0000210/ |title=Hook (1991) - Julia Roberts as Tinkerbell - IMDb |language=en-US |access-date=2025-04-04 |via=www.imdb.com}}</ref>
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| *In 2003, [[Jeremy Sumpter]] portrayed Peter in the [[Peter Pan (2003 film)|live-action film]] directed by [[P. J. Hogan]].<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0316396/characters/nm0838911/ |title=Peter Pan (2003) - Jeremy Sumpter as Peter Pan - IMDb |language=en-US |access-date=2025-04-04 |via=www.imdb.com}}</ref>
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| *Peter Pan appears in ''The New Adventures of Peter Pan'', voiced by [[Matt Hill]] and [[Jake Paque]].<ref name="btva" />
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| *In 2013, [[Robbie Kay]] portrayed Peter Pan in the ABC drama series ''[[Once Upon a Time (TV series)|Once Upon A Time]]''.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1843230/characters/nm2264199 |title=Once Upon a Time (TV Series 2011–2018) - Robbie Kay as Peter Pan, Henry Mills, Pied Piper - IMDb |language=en-US |access-date=2025-04-04 |via=www.imdb.com}}</ref>
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| *In 2015, [[Levi Miller]] portrayed Peter Pan in ''[[Pan (2015 film)|Pan]]'', a live action origin film.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3332064/characters/nm5920962/ |title=Pan (2015) - Levi Miller as Peter - IMDb |language=en-US |access-date=2025-04-04 |via=www.imdb.com}}</ref>
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| *In 2015, ''[[Peter and Wendy (film)|Peter and Wendy]]'' aired on [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]], produced by [[Headline Pictures]], with Zac Sutcliffe portraying Peter.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4051850/characters/nm7341833 |title=Peter and Wendy (TV Movie 2015) - Zak Sutcliffe as Peter Pan - IMDb |language=en-US |access-date=2025-04-04 |via=www.imdb.com}}</ref>
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| *In 2023, Disney released ''[[Peter Pan & Wendy]]'', a live-action reimagining of the 1953 Disney animated film, with Peter Pan being portrayed by [[Alexander Molony]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kroll |first=Justin |date=2020-03-10 |title=Disney's Live-Action 'Peter Pan' Movie Finds Its Wendy and Peter (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2020/film/news/disney-live-action-peter-pan-peter-wendy-1203529492/ |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref>
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| *In 2025, Peter Pan appeared in ''[[Peter Pan's Neverland Nightmare]]'' as the main antagonist.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://collider.com/peter-pan-horror-movie-adaptation-rhys-frake-waterfield/|work=Collider|title='Peter Pan: Neverland Nightmare' Being Developed by Director of 'Winnie the Pooh: Blood and Honey'|author=Clark, Brandy|date=November 2, 2022|accessdate=March 18, 2024|archive-date=5 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905220241/https://collider.com/peter-pan-horror-movie-adaptation-rhys-frake-waterfield/|url-status=live}}</ref> Peter Pan is similar to the [[The Black Phone|Grabber]] from ''[[The Black Phone]]'', as a masked killer who goes after children (with the director listing the movie as one of the biggest inspirations).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Film/TwistedChildhoodUniverse | title=Twisted Childhood Universe }}</ref> The plot centers around [[Wendy Darling|Wendy]]'s search for her brother Michael, who has been abducted by Peter Pan and [[Tinker Bell]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Squires |first=John |date=2024-01-30 |title='Peter Pan's Neverland Nightmare': Exclusive Sneak Peek at the Upcoming Peter Pan Horror Movie |url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/movie/3797951/peter-pans-horror-movie-neverland-nightmare-first-look-preview/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Bloody Disgusting! |language=en-US |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625134439/https://bloody-disgusting.com/movie/3797951/peter-pans-horror-movie-neverland-nightmare-first-look-preview/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/exclusives/3828430/peter-pans-neverland-nightmare-exclusive-trailer/|work=Bloody Disgusting|title='Peter Pan's Neverland Nightmare' Exclusive Trailer – 'Poohniverse' Movie Gets Extremely Bloody|last=Squires|first=John|date=August 30, 2024|access-date=August 31, 2024}}</ref>
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| ===Manga/anime, games, and comics===
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| *In the early 1930s, [[Edward Mason Eggleston]] painted a series of images for calendars that included Peter Pan, Native American princesses and pirates
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| *[[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s biographer [[Humphrey Carpenter]] has speculated that Tolkien's impressions of a 1910 production of Barrie's ''Peter Pan'' in Birmingham "may have had a little to do with" his original conception of the [[Elf (Middle-earth)|Elves of Middle Earth]]<ref name="Carpenter">{{ME-ref|Biography|chapter=IV}}</ref>
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| *He appears in the Italian comic series ''[[Martin Mystère]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ritorno alla terra che non c'è |url=https://en.sergiobonelli.it/scheda/27306/Ritorno-alla-terra-che-non-c.html |access-date=2025-04-04 |website=en.sergiobonelli.it |language=en}}</ref>
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| *Japanese [[manga]] artist [[Mayu Sakai]] appropriated the English term for her series ''[[Peter Pan Syndrome (manga)|Peter Pan Syndrome]]''<ref>{{cite web|date=20 September 2010|title=Peter Pan Syndrome|access-date=12 September 2012|url=http://en.anime-wiki.org/wiki/Peter_Pan_Syndrome|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111230213702/http://en.anime-wiki.org/wiki/Peter_Pan_Syndrome|archive-date=30 December 2011}}</ref>
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| *Game author Diana Gaeta developed a [[Dungeons & Dragons]] campaign setting named ''Neverland - The Impossible Island'' that allows players to interact with Peter Pan in an environment based on ''[[Peter and Wendy]]'' by [[J. M. Barrie]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Neverland - The Impossible Island|access-date=6 June 2020|url=https://www.drivethrurpg.com/product/312640/Neverland--The-Impossible-Island?manufacturers_id=16943|archive-date=5 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605201039/https://www.drivethrurpg.com/product/312640/Neverland--The-Impossible-Island?manufacturers_id=16943|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| *Fiction writer [[Jonathan Green (speculative fiction writer)|Jonathan Green]] published a [[Gamebook|role-playing gamebook]] titled ''Neverland: Here Be Monsters!'' in which Peter Pan appears as a playable character. This version's background story attributes his flight ability and eternal youth to [[cyborg|cybernetic implants]] installed by his genius father after Peter was severely injured by one of the dinosaurs roaming Neverland.<ref>Green, Jonathan. ''Neverland: Here Be Monsters!'' (Snowbooks, 2019). {{ISBN|978-1911390411}}</ref>
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| *Peter Pan appears in ''Disney Villains' Revenge'', voiced primarily by [[Michael Welch (actor)|Michael Welch]] and by [[Kevin Schon]] as an adult.<ref name="btva" />
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| ===Music===
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| *Todd Rundgren recorded Never Never Land from the 1954 production with Mary Martin, written by Betty Comden, Adolph Green and Jule Styne. From Todd's 1973 album A Wizard, A True Star.
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| *Canadian singer-songwriter [[Ruth B.]] released the piano ballad "[[Lost Boy (Ruth B song)|Lost Boy]]" in 2015, featuring Peter Pan and Neverland, and inspired by the character's appearance in ''Once Upon a Time''
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| *Italian songwriter [[Edoardo Bennato]] released a concept album "Sono solo canzonette" in 1980 based on Peter Pan and other characters created by Barrie. Eventually created a musical named "Peter Pan" using his songs.
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| *Norwegian-Swedish singer [[Anni-Frid Lyngstad]] recorded the song "Peter Pan" by [[Benny Andersson]] and [[Björn Ulvaeus]] in 1969
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| *Swiss singer [[Paola del Medico]] performed a song themed on the Peter Pan tale in 1982
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| *Pop-rock musicians [[The Jonas Brothers]]' song "[[Fly with Me (Jonas Brothers song)|Fly With Me]]" makes direct references to Peter Pan and Wendy in the lyrics
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| *Country singer-songwriter [[Kelsea Ballerini]] released a top-charting country single and song titled [[Peter Pan (Kelsea Ballerini song)|"Peter Pan"]], in 2016
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| *South Korean boy-band [[BTS (band)|BTS]] released a music video called "Adult Child", the song makes reference to the Peter Pan story
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| *British musician [[Kate Bush]] included her song "In Search of Peter Pan" on her second album ''[[Lionheart (Kate Bush album)|Lionheart]]'' (1978). Another song on the same album, "Oh England My Lionheart", makes direct reference to Peter Pan in the lyrics
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| *Korean boy-band [[Exo (group)|EXO]] released a track called "Peter Pan" on both the Mandarin and Korean versions of the album ''XOXO'' (2013)
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| *Serbian and Yugoslav rock band [[Petar Pan]] was named after the character
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| *Peterpan is the former name for an Indonesian pop-rock band, now called [[Noah (band)|Noah]]
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| *The eleventh track of singer-songwriter [[Troye Sivan]]'s debut studio album ''[[Blue Neighbourhood]]'' (2015) is titled "Lost Boy", inspired by Peter Pan
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| *In [[Chance The Rapper]]'s song '[[Same Drugs]]', featured in the album Coloring Book (2015), he makes multiple references to Peter Pan and Wendy, another major character in the novel
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| *[[Taylor Swift]]'s songs "[[Cardigan (song)|Cardigan]]" and "[[Peter (song)|Peter]]" include multiple references to Peter Pan
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| *Blues/psychedelic rock band [[Kula Shaker]] included the track "Peter Pan RIP" featured in their fourth album ''[[Pilgrims Progress (album)|Pilgrims Progress]]''
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| *Italian singer-songwriter [[Ultimo (singer)|Ultimo]] named his second album ''[[Peter Pan (Ultimo album)|Peter Pan]]'' (2018). It contains the song “Peter Pan (Vuoi Volare Con Me?)”, meaning "will you fly with me?"
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| *Finnish symphonic metal band [[Nightwish]] make references to Peter Pan in some of their songs, notably Fantasmic from their 2000 album [[Wishmaster (album)|Wishmaster]], and in their 2011 single [[Storytime (song)|Storytime]] from their seventh album [[Imaginaerum]]
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| *South Korean girl-group [[(G)I-dle|(G)I-DLE]] released a track called "Peter Pan" ([[Korean language|Korean]]: 어린 어른; [[Revised Romanization of Korean|RR]]: ''eorin eoreun''; translation: Young Adult) on their sixth EP "[[I Feel]]" (2023)
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| *British singer [[Maisie Peters]] has a song called "Wendy" on her 2023 album [[The Good Witch (album)]], which references Wendy’s and Peter’s relationship
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| ===Other uses in popular culture===
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| The name Peter Pan has been adopted for various purposes over the years:
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| *Several businesses have adopted the name, including [[Peter Pan Bus Lines]], [[Peter Pan (peanut butter)|Peter Pan peanut butter]], [[Peter Pan Records]], and [[Peter Pan Seafoods]]
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| *[[Peter Pan I|Three Thoroughbred racehorses]] have been given the name, the first, [[Peter Pan I]], was born in 1904
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| *In the early 1960s, some Cuban families sent their children to resettle in Miami in an emergency effort calculated to save the children from perceived potential mistreatment under the [[Fidel Castro|Castro]] socialist regime; the program was called [[Operation Peter Pan]] (or ''Operación Pedro Pan'') | |
| *American psychologist Dr. Dan Kiley popularised the [[Puer aeternus#Peter Pan syndrome|Peter Pan syndrome]] (''puer aeternus'') in his book ''The Peter Pan Syndrome: Men Who Have Never Grown Up'' (1983).<ref>Kiley, Dr. Dan, ''The Peter Pan Syndrome: Men Who Have Never Grown Up''. Avon Books, 1983, {{ISBN|978 0380688906}}</ref> He described individuals (usually male) with underdeveloped maturity.<ref>{{cite news|author=Various materials compiled from University of Granada|access-date=12 September 2012|title=Overprotecting Parents Can Lead Children To Develop 'Peter Pan Syndrome'|journal=ScienceDaily|date=3 May 2007|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/05/070501112023.htm|archive-date=19 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121119140117/http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/05/070501112023.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> His next book, ''The Wendy Dilemma'' (1984), advises women romantically involved with "Peter Pans" how to improve their relationships<ref>{{cite book|title=The Wendy Dilemma: When Women Stop Mothering Their Men|url=https://archive.org/details/wendydilemmawhen00kile|url-access=registration|author=Kiley, Dr. Dan|publisher=Arbor House Publishing|year=1984|isbn=9780877956259}}</ref>
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| ==Public sculptures==
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| {{main|Peter Pan statue}}
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| [[File:Peter Pan statue in Kensington Gardens in the City of Westminster in London, spring 2013 (12).JPG|thumb|upright|[[Peter Pan statue]] in [[Kensington Gardens]], [[London]], England, 1912, by [[George Frampton]]]]
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| Barrie commissioned a statue of Peter Pan by the sculptor [[George Frampton]], which was erected overnight in [[Kensington Gardens]] on 30 April 1912 as a [[May Day]] surprise to the children of London. Seven statues have been cast from the original mould.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.publicartaroundtheworld.com/Peter_Pan_Statue.html |title=Peter Pan Statue |website=Public Art Around the World |access-date=22 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120502141846/http://www.publicartaroundtheworld.com/Peter_Pan_Statue.html |archive-date=2 May 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The other six are located in:
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| *{{Interlanguage link|Egmont Park|fr|Parc d'Egmont}}, [[Brussels]], Belgium,<ref>{{cite web| title = Peter Pan statue regains panflute| website= City of Brussels| url = http://www.brussels.be/artdet.cfm/6066/Peter-Pan-statue-regains-panflute| access-date = 13 March 2014| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140222001937/http://www.brussels.be/artdet.cfm/6066/Peter-Pan-statue-regains-panflute| archive-date = 22 February 2014}}</ref> 1924
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| *[[Bowring Park (St. John's)|Bowring Park]], [[St. John's, Newfoundland]], Canada, 1925
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| *[[Cooper Library in Johnson Park|Johnson Park]] on the campus of [[Rutgers University]], [[Camden, New Jersey]], United States,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://johnson-park.camden.rutgers.edu/peter-pan.htm |title=Johnson Park Restoration |publisher=Johnson-park.camden.rutgers.edu |date=24 September 1926 |access-date=8 May 2010 |archive-date=8 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708220122/http://johnson-park.camden.rutgers.edu/peter-pan.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> 1926
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| *[[Queens Gardens, Perth|Queens Gardens]], [[Perth, Western Australia]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perthvista.com/queens-gardens.html|title=Perth Vista-Queens Gardens|publisher=Globe Vista|year=2008|access-date=30 December 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100311235410/http://www.perthvista.com/queens-gardens.html|archive-date=11 March 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> 1927
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| *[[Sefton Park]], [[Liverpool]], England,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/hamlyn/peterpan/ |title=Peter Pan |publisher=Liverpoolmuseums.org.uk |date=16 June 1928 |access-date=8 May 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228234725/http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/hamlyn/peterpan/ |archive-date=28 February 2010}}</ref> 1928
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| *[[Glenn Gould Park]], [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lostrivers.ca/points/cities.htm|title=Cities of the World|website=Lostrivers.ca|access-date=24 January 2010|archive-date=10 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100510073537/http://www.lostrivers.ca/points/cities.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> 1929 | |
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| Other statues are:
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| * In 1925, the town council of [[Melbourne, Australia]], commissioned a statue of Peter Pan by [[Paul Montfort]];<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://melbourneartcritic.wordpress.com/2015/11/07/10-melbourne-public-sculptures-intended-for-children/| title=10 Melbourne Public Sculptures Intended for Children| date=7 November 2015| access-date=12 March 2019| archive-date=6 August 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806075546/https://melbourneartcritic.wordpress.com/2015/11/07/10-melbourne-public-sculptures-intended-for-children/| url-status=live}}</ref> it is now located in [[Melbourne Zoo]]<ref>[http://melbourneliterary.sutromedia.com/peter-pan-statue.html Peter Pan Statue] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228183850/http://melbourneliterary.sutromedia.com/peter-pan-statue.html |date=28 December 2013 }} Melbourne Zoo</ref>
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| * In 1928, [[Charles Andrew Hafner]] created a bronze statue for a fountain in the lobby of the old [[Paramount Theatre (New York City)|Paramount Theater]] in [[Times Square]], but it is now situated in [[Carl Schurz Park]], New York<ref name="nycgovparks">{{cite web|url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/carl-schurz-park/monuments/1177|title=Carl Schurz Park Monuments – Peter Pan : NYC Parks|website=nycgovparks.org|access-date=10 April 2018|archive-date=11 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411025921/https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/carl-schurz-park/monuments/1177|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| * In 1949, a statue of Peter Pan by [[Alex Proudfoot]] RSA, Principal of [[Glasgow School of Art]], was erected at the Mearnskirk Hospital for children in Glasgow, commissioned by Alfred Ellsworth in memory of his friend Dr John A Wilson, first superintendent of Mearnskirk Hospital. Wilson had also been a school friend of J.M. Barrie's<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portaltothepast.co.uk/index.aspx?articleid=3278 |title=Mearnskirk Hospital |publisher=Portal to the Past |access-date=17 June 2014 |archive-date=26 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226141818/http://www.portaltothepast.co.uk/index.aspx?articleid=3278 |url-status=live }}</ref>
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| * A statue by [[Ivan Mitford-Barberton]] was commissioned by Vyvyan and Gwen Watson in remembrance of their son Peter and given in 1959 to the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital in Western Cape, South Africa<ref>{{cite web |url=http://childrenshospitaltrust.org.za/story-of-the-peter-pan-statue/ |title=Story of the Peter Pan Statue |publisher=Childrenshospitaltrust.org.za |access-date=17 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006175114/http://childrenshospitaltrust.org.za/story-of-the-peter-pan-statue/ |archive-date=6 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
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| * A pair of statues by Cecil Thomas, one showing Peter Pan and Tinker Bell, and the other Wendy and the Darling children, have been located in [[Dunedin Botanic Gardens]] in Dunedin, New Zealand since the 1960s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nzine.co.nz/features/francois_leurquin.html|title=New life for Peter Pan and Wendy – the art and science of bronze conservation in Dunedin|publisher=nzine.co.nz|date=3 December 2002|access-date=23 October 2012|archive-date=3 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303162109/http://www.nzine.co.nz/features/francois_leurquin.html|url-status=live}}</ref> A slightly different version of the Peter Pan statue, also by Thomas, can be found close to [[Rotokawau Virginia Lake]] in [[Whanganui]], New Zealand<ref>{{cite web|url=https://coastalartstrail.nz/gallery/peter-pan-by-cecil-thomas-1967/|title=Peter Pan by Cecil Thomas, 1967|publisher=coastalartstrail.nz|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref>
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| * A bronze statue by Alistair Smart, originally commissioned by the Angus Milling Company in 1972, is situated in the main square of [[Kirriemuir]], Scotland.<ref>West, Mark I. (2003). ''A Children's Literature Tour of Great Britain''. Scarecrow Press, p. 17.</ref>
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| * In 1976, Ronald Thomason sculpted a bronze statue in front of the [[Weatherford, Texas]] public library honouring Weatherford native [[Mary Martin]], who had portrayed Peter Pan in the 1954 [[Peter Pan (1954 musical)|Broadway musical]] production and several subsequent telecasts
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| * A bronze statue by [[Diarmuid Byron O'Connor]] was commissioned by [[Great Ormond Street Hospital]] in London and unveiled in 2000, showing Peter blowing fairy dust, with Tinker Bell added in 2005<ref>https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/peter-pan-and-tinkerbell-309820</ref>
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| <gallery mode="packed" heights="200" caption="Statues of Peter Pan">
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| File:Kirriemuir, Peter Pan Statue.jpg|Statue in [[Kirriemuir]], Scotland
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| File:Statue of Peter Pan and Tinkerbell in Dunedin Botanic Gardens, Dunedin, New Zealand.jpg|Statue in [[Dunedin]], New Zealand
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| File:Peter Pan statue by Diarmuid Byron O'Connor.JPG|Peter Pan statue at Great Ormond Street Hospital, London
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| File:Carl Schurz Park Peter Pan statue.jpg|Peter Pan statue at Carl Schurz Park, New York, NYC
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| </gallery>
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| ==See also== | | ==See also== |
| {{Portal|Novels|Children's literature}} | | * {{in title|Peter Pan}} |
| | | *{{look from|Peter Pan}} |
| *[[Peter Pan syndrome]]
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| *[[George Llewelyn Davies]]
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| ==External links==
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| * {{gutenberg|no=16|name=Peter Pan}} (1991 Millennium Fulcrum Edition) | |
| * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130127102408/http://neverpedia.com/ Neverpedia] (archived 27 January 2013)
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| * [http://mcnyblog.org/2012/08/21/peter-pan-over-100-years-of-the-boy-who-wouldnt-grow-up/ Peter Pan: over 100 years of the boy who wouldn't grow up] from the [http://mcnyblog.org/ Museum of the City of New York Collections blog]
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| {{Peter Pan}}
| | == References == |
| {{Fantasy fiction}}
| | {{Reflist}} |
| {{Authority control}} | |
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Pan, Peter}} | | {{disambiguation}} |
| [[Category:Peter Pan| ]]
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| [[Category:Peter Pan characters]]
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| [[Category:Fictional English people|Fictional English people]]
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| [[Category:Fictional swordfighters in literature]]
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| [[Category:Child characters in literature]]
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| [[Category:Male characters in literature]]
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| [[Category:Male characters in film]]
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| [[Category:Male characters in television]]
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| [[Category:Literary characters introduced in 1902]]
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| [[Category:Child characters in film]]
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| [[Category:Child characters in animated films]]
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| [[Category:Child characters in musical theatre]]
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| [[Category:Trying to prevent adulthood in popular culture]]
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| [[Category:Pan (god)]]
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| [[Category:Male characters in animation]]
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| [[Category:Fictional characters who can levitate]]
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