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'''Acotango''' is the central and highest of a group of [[stratovolcano]]es straddling the border of [[Bolivia]] and [[Chile]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Catálogo GeoBolivia - GeoBolivia|url=https://geo.gob.bo/geonetwork/srv/spa/catalog.search#/search?resultType=details&sortBy=relevance&any=provincias&from=1&to=20|access-date=2020-04-30|website=geo.gob.bo}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=rbenavente|title=Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional {{!}} SIIT {{!}} Mapas vectoriales|url=https://www.bcn.cl/siit/mapas_vectoriales/index_html|access-date=2020-04-30|website=bcn.cl|language=en}}</ref> It is {{Convert|6052|m|ft|0}} high.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Biggar|first=John|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1260820889|title=The Andes a guide for climbers|date=2020|isbn=978-0-9536087-7-5|edition=5th|location=Castle Douglas, Scotland|oclc=1260820889}}</ref>{{efn|Other data from [[digital elevation models]]: [[SRTM]] yields {{convert|6037|m}},<ref name="USGS" /> [[Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer|ASTER]] {{convert|6023|m}}<ref name="GDEM" /> and [[TanDEM-X]] {{convert|6074|m}}.<ref name="TanDEM" />}}{{efn|The height of the nearest [[key col]] is {{convert|5201|m}},<ref name="Specialists" /> leading to a [[topographic prominence]] of {{convert|859|m}} with a [[topographical dominance]] of 14.17%. Its [[parent peak]] is [[Guallatiri]] and the [[Topographic isolation]] is {{convert|6.2|km}}.<ref name="Kausch" />}} The group is known as [[Kimsa Chata (Bolivia-Chile)|Kimsa Chata]] and consists of three mountains: Acotango, [[Umurata]] ({{Convert|5730|m|ft|0}}) north of it and [[Cerro Capurata|Capurata]] ({{Convert|5990|m|ft|0}}) south of it.
'''Acotango''' is the central and highest of a group of [[stratovolcano]]es straddling the border of [[Bolivia]] and [[Chile]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Catálogo GeoBolivia - GeoBolivia|url=https://geo.gob.bo/geonetwork/srv/spa/catalog.search#/search?resultType=details&sortBy=relevance&any=provincias&from=1&to=20|access-date=2020-04-30|website=geo.gob.bo|archive-date=2023-02-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220061131/https://geo.gob.bo/geonetwork/srv/spa/catalog.search#/search?resultType=details&sortBy=relevance&any=provincias&from=1&to=20|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=rbenavente|title=Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional {{!}} SIIT {{!}} Mapas vectoriales|url=https://www.bcn.cl/siit/mapas_vectoriales/index_html|access-date=2020-04-30|website=bcn.cl|language=en}}</ref> It is {{Convert|6052|m|ft|0}} high.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Biggar|first=John|title=The Andes a guide for climbers|date=2020|isbn=978-0-9536087-7-5|edition=5th|location=Castle Douglas, Scotland|oclc=1260820889}}</ref>{{efn|Other data from [[digital elevation models]]: [[SRTM]] yields {{convert|6037|m}},<ref name="USGS" /> [[Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer|ASTER]] {{convert|6023|m}}<ref name="GDEM" /> and [[TanDEM-X]] {{convert|6074|m}}.<ref name="TanDEM" />}}{{efn|The height of the nearest [[key col]] is {{convert|5201|m}},<ref name="Specialists" /> leading to a [[topographic prominence]] of {{convert|859|m}} with a [[topographical dominance]] of 14.17%. Its [[parent peak]] is [[Guallatiri]] and the [[Topographic isolation]] is {{convert|6.2|km}}.<ref name="Kausch" />}} The group is known as [[Kimsa Chata (Bolivia-Chile)|Kimsa Chata]] and consists of three mountains: Acotango, [[Umurata]] ({{Convert|5730|m|ft|0}}) north of it and [[Cerro Capurata|Capurata]] ({{Convert|5990|m|ft|0}}) south of it.


The group lies along a north–south alignment. The Acotango volcano is heavily eroded, but a lava flow on its northern flank is morphologically young, suggesting Acotango was active in the [[Holocene]].<ref>"Acotango Volcano" nd Volcano Discovery http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/acotango.html</ref> Later research has suggested that lava flow may be of [[Pleistocene]] age.<ref name="GVP">{{Cite GVP|name=Acotango|vn=355813}}</ref> [[Argon-argon dating]] has yielded ages of 192,000±8,000 and 241,000±27,000 years on [[dacite]]s from Acotango.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sepúlveda |first1=José Pablo |last2=Aguilera |first2=Felipe |last3=Inostroza |first3=Manuel |last4=Reyes |first4=María Paz |title=Geological evolution of the Guallatiri volcano, Arica y Parinacota Region, northern Chile |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |date=April 2021 |volume=107 |page=4 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2020.103117 |bibcode=2021JSAES.10703117S |s2cid=233072322 |language=en |issn=0895-9811|doi-access= }}</ref> Glacial activity has exposed parts of the inner volcano, which is hydrothermally altered.<ref name="WattsRibes2014">{{cite journal |last1=Watts |first1=Robert B. |last2=Clavero Ribes |first2=Jorge |last3=Sparks |first3=R. Stephen J. |title=Origen y emplazamiento del Domo Tinto, volcán Guallatiri, Norte de Chile |trans-title=The origin and emplacement of Domo Tinto, Guallatiri volcano, Northern Chile |language=Spanish |journal=Andean Geology |date=30 September 2014 |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=558–588 |doi=10.5027/andgeoV41n3-a04 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2014AndGe..41c...4W }}</ref> Glacial [[moraine]]s lie at an altitude of {{convert|4200|m}} but a present ice cap is only found past {{convert|6000|m}} of altitude.<ref name="Ochsenius1986">{{cite journal |last1=Ochsenius |first1=Claudio |title=La Glaciación Puna durante el Wisconsin, Desglaciación y Máximo Lacustre en la Transición Wisconsin-Holoceno y Refugios de Megafauna Postglaciales en la Puna y Desierto de Atacama |trans-title=Late Pleistocene Puna Glaciation, Deglaciation and High Lake-Levels during the Transition Wisconsin-Holocene, and Postglacial Megafauna Refuges in the Atacama Desert and Puna Regions |language=Spanish |journal=Revista de Geografía Norte Grande|date=1986|volume=13|pages=29–58 |url=http://revistanortegrande.cl/archivos/13/03_13_1986.pdf |accessdate=10 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083347/http://revistanortegrande.cl/archivos/13/03_13_1986.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
The group lies along a north–south alignment. The Acotango volcano is heavily eroded, but a lava flow on its northern flank is morphologically young, suggesting Acotango was active in the [[Holocene]].<ref>"Acotango Volcano" nd Volcano Discovery http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/acotango.html</ref> Later research has suggested that lava flow may be of [[Pleistocene]] age.<ref name="GVP">{{Cite GVP|name=Acotango|vn=355813}}</ref> [[Argon-argon dating]] has yielded ages of 192,000±8,000 and 241,000±27,000 years on [[dacite]]s from Acotango.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sepúlveda |first1=José Pablo |last2=Aguilera |first2=Felipe |last3=Inostroza |first3=Manuel |last4=Reyes |first4=María Paz |title=Geological evolution of the Guallatiri volcano, Arica y Parinacota Region, northern Chile |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |date=April 2021 |volume=107 |page=4 |article-number=103117 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2020.103117 |bibcode=2021JSAES.10703117S |s2cid=233072322 |language=en |issn=0895-9811|doi-access= }}</ref> Glacial activity has exposed parts of the inner volcano, which is hydrothermally altered.<ref name="WattsRibes2014">{{cite journal |last1=Watts |first1=Robert B. |last2=Clavero Ribes |first2=Jorge |last3=Sparks |first3=R. Stephen J. |title=Origen y emplazamiento del Domo Tinto, volcán Guallatiri, Norte de Chile |trans-title=The origin and emplacement of Domo Tinto, Guallatiri volcano, Northern Chile |language=Spanish |journal=Andean Geology |date=30 September 2014 |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=558–588 |doi=10.5027/andgeoV41n3-a04 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2014AndGe..41c...4W }}</ref> Glacial [[moraine]]s lie at an altitude of {{convert|4200|m}} but a present ice cap is only found past {{convert|6000|m}} of altitude.<ref name="Ochsenius1986">{{cite journal |last1=Ochsenius |first1=Claudio |title=La Glaciación Puna durante el Wisconsin, Desglaciación y Máximo Lacustre en la Transición Wisconsin-Holoceno y Refugios de Megafauna Postglaciales en la Puna y Desierto de Atacama |trans-title=Late Pleistocene Puna Glaciation, Deglaciation and High Lake-Levels during the Transition Wisconsin-Holocene, and Postglacial Megafauna Refuges in the Atacama Desert and Puna Regions |language=Spanish |journal=Revista de Geografía Norte Grande|date=1986|volume=13|pages=29–58 |url=http://revistanortegrande.cl/archivos/13/03_13_1986.pdf |accessdate=10 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083347/http://revistanortegrande.cl/archivos/13/03_13_1986.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref>


The volcano is a popular hiking route in the [[Sajama National Park]] and [[Lauca National Park]]. It is on the border of two provinces: Chilean province of [[Parinacota Province|Parinacota]] and Bolivian province of [[Sajama Province|Sajama]]. Its slopes are within the administrative boundaries of two cities: Chilean commune of [[Putre]] and Bolivian commune of Turco.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
The volcano is a popular hiking route in the [[Sajama National Park]] and [[Lauca National Park]]. It is on the border of two provinces: Chilean province of [[Parinacota Province|Parinacota]] and Bolivian province of [[Sajama Province|Sajama]]. Its slopes are within the administrative boundaries of two cities: Chilean commune of [[Putre]] and Bolivian commune of Turco.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

Latest revision as of 10:25, 10 August 2025

Template:Short description Template:Infobox mountain

Acotango is the central and highest of a group of stratovolcanoes straddling the border of Bolivia and Chile.[1][2] It is Script error: No such module "convert". high.[3]Template:EfnTemplate:Efn The group is known as Kimsa Chata and consists of three mountains: Acotango, Umurata (Script error: No such module "convert".) north of it and Capurata (Script error: No such module "convert".) south of it.

The group lies along a north–south alignment. The Acotango volcano is heavily eroded, but a lava flow on its northern flank is morphologically young, suggesting Acotango was active in the Holocene.[4] Later research has suggested that lava flow may be of Pleistocene age.[5] Argon-argon dating has yielded ages of 192,000±8,000 and 241,000±27,000 years on dacites from Acotango.[6] Glacial activity has exposed parts of the inner volcano, which is hydrothermally altered.[7] Glacial moraines lie at an altitude of Script error: No such module "convert". but a present ice cap is only found past Script error: No such module "convert". of altitude.[8]

The volcano is a popular hiking route in the Sajama National Park and Lauca National Park. It is on the border of two provinces: Chilean province of Parinacota and Bolivian province of Sajama. Its slopes are within the administrative boundaries of two cities: Chilean commune of Putre and Bolivian commune of Turco.[1][2]

To climb the summit from the Chilean side is dangerous due to land mines,[9] however it is relatively safe to climb the summit from the Bolivian side.[10] The southern ascent starts over a glacier and passes an abandoned copper mine.

First Ascent and human presence

Acotango's first modern ascent was by Sergio Kunstmann, Pedro Rosende and Claudio Meier (Chile) October 14, 1965.[11] It is believed that Pedro Rosende, a Chilean explorer, found the remains of firewood at the summit of Acotango. Because of this, it is thought that the mountain might have been one of the high Incan Andean sanctuaries. However, more exploration is needed to verify this information.[12]

See also

Notes

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References

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  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ "Acotango Volcano" nd Volcano Discovery http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/acotango.html
  5. ↑ Template:Cite GVP
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Andean Summits 2013 Acotango;One of the triplets Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Chiles 6000 nd Volcan Acotango South Face http://www.los6000dechile.cl/pdf/bch_cumbres_03_acotango.pdf Template:Webarchive

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