Panelling: Difference between revisions
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== {{anchor|Wainscot panelling|Wainscot paneling}} Wainscot panelling == | == {{anchor|Wainscot panelling|Wainscot paneling}} Wainscot panelling == | ||
[[File:RSC Staircase.jpg|thumb|left|Simple moulded panelling on the walls of a staircase | [[File:RSC Staircase.jpg|thumb|left|Simple moulded panelling on the walls of a staircase]] | ||
The term '''wainscot''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|w|eɪ|n|s|k|ə|t}} {{respell|WAYN|skət}} or {{IPAc-en|US|ˈ|w|eɪ|n|s|k|ɒ|t}} {{respell|WAYN|skot}}) originally applied to high quality [[Wood splitting|riven]] [[oak]] boards. | The term '''wainscot''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|w|eɪ|n|s|k|ə|t}} {{respell|WAYN|skət}} or {{IPAc-en|US|ˈ|w|eɪ|n|s|k|ɒ|t}} {{respell|WAYN|skot}}) originally applied to high quality [[Wood splitting|riven]] [[oak]] boards. | ||
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Wainscot oak came from large, slow-grown forest trees, and produced boards that were knot-free, low in [[tannin]], light in weight, and easy to work with. It was preferred to home-grown oak, especially in the Netherlands and British Isles, because it was a far superior product and dimensionally stable. | Wainscot oak came from large, slow-grown forest trees, and produced boards that were knot-free, low in [[tannin]], light in weight, and easy to work with. It was preferred to home-grown oak, especially in the Netherlands and British Isles, because it was a far superior product and dimensionally stable. | ||
The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' states that it derives from the [[Middle Low German]] | The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' states that it derives from the [[Middle Low German]] {{Lang|gml|wagenschot}} as well as ''wageschot'' or 'wall-board'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/wainscot|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909233552/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/wainscot|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 9, 2017|title=wainscot|date=9 September 2017|website=Oxford Dictionaries}}</ref> ''[[A Dictionary of the English Language|Johnson's Dictionary]]'' defined it thus: {{quote|text=Wainscot [{{lang|nl|wageschot}}, Dutch], the inner wooden covering of a wall.<br/> | ||
To wainscot [ | To wainscot [{{lang|nl|waegenschotten}}, Dutch], to line the walls with boards}} | ||
A 'wainscot' was therefore a board of riven (and later [[Quarter sawing|quarter-sawn]]) oak, and wainscoting was the panelling made from it. During the 18th century, oak wainscot was almost entirely superseded for panelling in Europe by softwoods (mainly [[Scots pine]] and [[Norway spruce]]), but the name stuck: | A 'wainscot' was therefore a board of riven (and later [[Quarter sawing|quarter-sawn]]) oak, and wainscoting was the panelling made from it. During the 18th century, oak wainscot was almost entirely superseded for panelling in Europe by softwoods (mainly [[Scots pine]] and [[Norway spruce]]), but the name stuck: | ||
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== ''Boiserie'' == | == ''Boiserie'' == | ||
[[Image:Zunfthaus - Gesellschaftssaal.jpg|thumb|Elaborate ''boiseries'' in the guild hall of the ''Zunfthaus zu Kaufleuten'', [[Kramgasse]] 29, [[Bern]]]] | [[Image:Zunfthaus - Gesellschaftssaal.jpg|thumb|Elaborate ''boiseries'' in the guild hall of the ''Zunfthaus zu Kaufleuten'', [[Kramgasse]] 29, [[Bern]]]] | ||
'''''Boiserie''''' ({{IPA|fr|bwazʁi}}; often used in the plural '''''boiseries''''') is the French term used to define ornate and intricately carved wood panelling.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Garay|first1=Regina|title=The Beauty of Boiserie|url=http://paintandpattern.com/boiserie/|publisher=paintandpattern.com|access-date=11 January 2016|date=June 23, 2014}}</ref> ''Boiseries'' became popular in the latter part of the 17th century in [[France|French]] [[interior design]], becoming a ''de rigueur '' feature of fashionable French interiors throughout the 18th century. Such panels were most often painted in two shades of a chosen color or in contrasting colors, with gilding reserved for the main reception rooms.<ref>{{cite book| title=The French Interior in the 18th Century|author=Whitehead, John| publisher=Dutton Studio Books| year=1992|pages=95–7}}</ref> The [[Palace of Versailles]] contains many fine examples of white painted ''boiseries'' with gilded mouldings installed in the reigns of [[Louis XV]] and [[Louis XVI]].<ref>Verlet, Pierre (1985). Le château de Versailles. Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard</ref> The panels were not confined to just the walls of a room but were used to decorate doors, frames, cupboards, and shelves also. It was standard for mirrors to be installed and framed by the carved ''boiseries'', especially above the mantelpiece of a fireplace. Paintings were also installed within ''boiseries'', above doorways or set into central panels.<ref | '''''Boiserie''''' ({{IPA|fr|bwazʁi}}; often used in the plural '''''boiseries''''') is the French term used to define ornate and intricately carved wood panelling.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Garay|first1=Regina|title=The Beauty of Boiserie|url=http://paintandpattern.com/boiserie/|publisher=paintandpattern.com|access-date=11 January 2016|date=June 23, 2014}}</ref> ''Boiseries'' became popular in the latter part of the 17th century in [[France|French]] [[interior design]], becoming a ''de rigueur '' feature of fashionable French interiors throughout the 18th century. Such panels were most often painted in two shades of a chosen color or in contrasting colors, with gilding reserved for the main reception rooms.<ref name=":0">{{cite book| title=The French Interior in the 18th Century|author=Whitehead, John| publisher=Dutton Studio Books| year=1992|pages=95–7}}</ref> The [[Palace of Versailles]] contains many fine examples of white painted ''boiseries'' with gilded mouldings installed in the reigns of [[Louis XV]] and [[Louis XVI]].<ref>Verlet, Pierre (1985). Le château de Versailles. Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard</ref> The panels were not confined to just the walls of a room but were used to decorate doors, frames, cupboards, and shelves also. It was standard for mirrors to be installed and framed by the carved ''boiseries'', especially above the mantelpiece of a fireplace. Paintings were also installed within ''boiseries'', above doorways or set into central panels.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== Wood wall panelling == | == Wood wall panelling == | ||
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* [[Dado (architecture)]] | * [[Dado (architecture)]] | ||
* [[Dado rail]] | * [[Dado rail]] | ||
* [[Frame and panel]] | |||
* [[Moulding (decorative)]] | * [[Moulding (decorative)]] | ||
* [[Ornament (art)]] | * [[Ornament (art)]] | ||
Latest revision as of 04:15, 21 December 2025
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Panelling (or paneling in the United States) is a millwork wall covering constructed from rigid or semi-rigid components.[1] These are traditionally interlocking wood, but could be plastic or other materials.
Panelling was developed in antiquity to make rooms in stone buildings more comfortable both by insulating the room from the stone and reflecting radiant heat from wood fires, making heat more evenly distributed in the room. In more modern buildings, such panelling is often installed for decorative purposes. Panelling, such as wainscoting and boiserie in particular, may be extremely ornate and is particularly associated with 17th and 18th century interior design, Victorian architecture in Britain, and its international contemporaries.
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The term wainscot (Template:IPAc-en Script error: No such module "Respell". or Template:IPAc-en Script error: No such module "Respell".) originally applied to high quality riven oak boards.
Wainscot oak came from large, slow-grown forest trees, and produced boards that were knot-free, low in tannin, light in weight, and easy to work with. It was preferred to home-grown oak, especially in the Netherlands and British Isles, because it was a far superior product and dimensionally stable.
The Oxford English Dictionary states that it derives from the Middle Low German Script error: No such module "Lang". as well as wageschot or 'wall-board'.[2] Johnson's Dictionary defined it thus: Template:Quote
A 'wainscot' was therefore a board of riven (and later quarter-sawn) oak, and wainscoting was the panelling made from it. During the 18th century, oak wainscot was almost entirely superseded for panelling in Europe by softwoods (mainly Scots pine and Norway spruce), but the name stuck:
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The term wainscoting, as applied to the lining of walls, originated in a species of foreign oak of the same name, used for that purpose; and although that has long been superseded by the introduction of fir timber, the term has been continued notwithstanding the change of material.[3]
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Today the term wainscot refers commonly to the different treatment of the lower part of the wall (roughly a meter, 3–4 feet); see also dado.
Boiserie
Boiserie (Script error: No such module "IPA".; often used in the plural boiseries) is the French term used to define ornate and intricately carved wood panelling.[4] Boiseries became popular in the latter part of the 17th century in French interior design, becoming a de rigueur feature of fashionable French interiors throughout the 18th century. Such panels were most often painted in two shades of a chosen color or in contrasting colors, with gilding reserved for the main reception rooms.[5] The Palace of Versailles contains many fine examples of white painted boiseries with gilded mouldings installed in the reigns of Louis XV and Louis XVI.[6] The panels were not confined to just the walls of a room but were used to decorate doors, frames, cupboards, and shelves also. It was standard for mirrors to be installed and framed by the carved boiseries, especially above the mantelpiece of a fireplace. Paintings were also installed within boiseries, above doorways or set into central panels.[5]
Wood wall panelling
Wood wall panelling has seen a resurgence in popularity in recent years due to its aesthetic appeal, versatility, and sustainability. Traditionally used to insulate and decorate interiors, modern wood panelling includes wainscoting, beadboard, shiplap, board and batten, and both raised and flat panels. This renewed interest is driven by the material's natural warmth and texture, its eco-friendly properties when sourced responsibly, and the influence of contemporary design trends showcased in media and online platforms.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
See also
- Crown moulding
- Dado (architecture)
- Dado rail
- Frame and panel
- Moulding (decorative)
- Ornament (art)
- Panel edge staining
- Structural insulated panel
- Vacuum insulated panel
- Wall panel
- Woodie (car body style)
References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Peter Nicholson, An Architectural Dictionary, 2 Vols., London (1819).
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- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Verlet, Pierre (1985). Le château de Versailles. Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard
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External links
Template:Wood products Template:Woodworking Template:Authority control