Cock rock: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Robert-Plant.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Male cock-rocker displaying his bare chest|[[Robert Plant]] of [[Led Zeppelin]], considered one of the key acts in the development of cock rock, onstage in New York in 1973]] | [[File:Robert-Plant.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Male cock-rocker displaying his bare chest|[[Robert Plant]] of [[Led Zeppelin]], considered one of the key acts in the development of cock rock, onstage in New York in 1973]] | ||
'''Cock rock''' is a description of [[rock music]] that emphasizes an aggressive form of [[male sexuality]]. The style developed in the later 1950s, came to prominence in the 1960s and 1970s, and continues into the present day. | '''Cock rock''' or '''butt rock'''<ref>https://toiletovhell.com/toilet-radio-138-the-great-butt-rock-debate/</ref> is a description of [[rock music]] that emphasizes an aggressive form of [[male sexuality]]. The style developed in the later 1950s, came to prominence in the 1960s and 1970s, and continues into the present day. | ||
== Characteristics == | == Characteristics == | ||
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== Use of the term == | == Use of the term == | ||
The meaning of the term ''cock rock'' has changed over time. It was first mentioned by an anonymous author in the New York–based underground [[feminist]] publication ''[[Rat (newspaper)|Rat]]'' in 1970<ref>T. Cateforis, ''The Rock History Reader'' (CRC Press, 2007), {{ISBN|0-415-97501-8}}, p. 125.</ref> to describe the male-dominated music industry, and became a synonym for [[hard rock]], emphasizing the aggressive expression of male sexuality, often [[misogynist]] lyrics and use of [[Phallus|phallic]] imagery.<ref>R. Shuker, ''Popular Music: the Key Concepts'' (Abingdon: Routledge, 2005, 2nd edn., 2005), {{ISBN|0-415-28425-2}}, pp. 130-1.</ref> The term was used by sociologists [[Simon Frith]] and [[Angela McRobbie]] in 1978 to point to the contrast between the male-dominated subculture of cock rock which was "aggressive, dominating and boastful" and the more feminized [[Teen pop|teenybop]] stars of pop music.<ref>M. Leonard, ''Gender in the Music Industry: Rock, Discourse and Girl Power'' (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 2007), {{ISBN|0-7546-3862-6}}, pp. 24-6.</ref> [[Led Zeppelin]] have been described as "the quintessential purveyors of 'cock rock'".<ref>S. Waksman, ''Instruments of Desire: the Electric Guitar and the Shaping of Musical Experience'' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001), {{ISBN|0-674-00547-3}}, pp. 238-9.</ref> Other formative acts include | The meaning of the term ''cock rock'' has changed over time. It was first mentioned by an anonymous author in the New York–based underground [[feminist]] publication ''[[Rat (newspaper)|Rat]]'' in 1970<ref>T. Cateforis, ''The Rock History Reader'' (CRC Press, 2007), {{ISBN|0-415-97501-8}}, p. 125.</ref> to describe the male-dominated music industry, and became a synonym for [[hard rock]], emphasizing the aggressive expression of male sexuality, often [[misogynist]] lyrics and use of [[Phallus|phallic]] imagery.<ref>R. Shuker, ''Popular Music: the Key Concepts'' (Abingdon: Routledge, 2005, 2nd edn., 2005), {{ISBN|0-415-28425-2}}, pp. 130-1.</ref> The term was used by sociologists [[Simon Frith]] and [[Angela McRobbie]] in 1978 to point to the contrast between the male-dominated subculture of cock rock which was "aggressive, dominating and boastful" and the more feminized [[Teen pop|teenybop]] stars of pop music.<ref>M. Leonard, ''Gender in the Music Industry: Rock, Discourse and Girl Power'' (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 2007), {{ISBN|0-7546-3862-6}}, pp. 24-6.</ref> [[Led Zeppelin]] have been described as "the quintessential purveyors of 'cock rock'".<ref>S. Waksman, ''Instruments of Desire: the Electric Guitar and the Shaping of Musical Experience'' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001), {{ISBN|0-674-00547-3}}, pp. 238-9.</ref> Other formative acts include [[the Rolling Stones]], [[the Who]] and [[Jim Morrison]] of [[the Doors]].<ref>P. Auslander, ''Performing Glam Rock: Gender and Theatricality in Popular Music'' (University of Michigan Press, 2006), {{ISBN|0-472-06868-7}}, p. 201.</ref> | ||
In 1981, Frith described the characteristics of cock rock in a way that could apply to female performers, not just male ones.<ref name="Frith, characteristics" /> In 2004, Auslander used this description of cock-rock characteristics to show that [[Suzi Quatro]] (the first female bass player to become a major rockstar) is a female cock-rocker.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Auslander | first = Philip | date = January 28, 2004 | title = I Wanna Be Your Man: Suzi Quatro's musical androgyny | journal = Popular Music | volume = 23 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–16 | location = United Kingdom | publisher = [[Cambridge University Press]] | doi = 10.1017/S0261143004000030 | s2cid = 191508078 | access-date = February 12, 2014 | url = http://lmc.gatech.edu/~auslander/publications/quatro.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130524032035/http://lmc.gatech.edu/~auslander/publications/quatro.pdf | archive-date = May 24, 2013 | url-status = dead}}</ref> | In 1981, Frith described the characteristics of cock rock in a way that could apply to female performers, not just male ones.<ref name="Frith, characteristics" /> In 2004, Auslander used this description of cock-rock characteristics to show that [[Suzi Quatro]] (the first female bass player to become a major rockstar) is a female cock-rocker.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Auslander | first = Philip | date = January 28, 2004 | title = I Wanna Be Your Man: Suzi Quatro's musical androgyny | journal = Popular Music | volume = 23 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–16 | location = United Kingdom | publisher = [[Cambridge University Press]] | doi = 10.1017/S0261143004000030 | s2cid = 191508078 | access-date = February 12, 2014 | url = http://lmc.gatech.edu/~auslander/publications/quatro.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130524032035/http://lmc.gatech.edu/~auslander/publications/quatro.pdf | archive-date = May 24, 2013 | url-status = dead}}</ref> | ||
Since the 1980s, the term has been sometimes interchangeable with [[hair metal]] or [[glam metal]].<ref>C. Klosterman, ''Fargo Rock City: a Heavy Metal Odyssey in Rural Nörth Daköta'' (Simon and Schuster, 2001), {{ISBN|0-7434-0656-7}}, pp. 100-1.</ref> Examples of this genre include: [[Mötley Crüe]], [[Ratt]], [[Warrant (American band)|Warrant]], [[Extreme (band)|Extreme]], [[Cinderella (band)|Cinderella]], [[Pretty Boy Floyd (American band)|Pretty Boy Floyd]], [[Jackyl]], [[L.A. Guns]], and [[Poison (American band)|Poison]].<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/hair-metal-d2693 "Hair metal"], '' | Since the 1980s, the term has been sometimes interchangeable with [[hair metal]] or [[glam metal]].<ref>C. Klosterman, ''Fargo Rock City: a Heavy Metal Odyssey in Rural Nörth Daköta'' (Simon and Schuster, 2001), {{ISBN|0-7434-0656-7}}, pp. 100-1.</ref> Examples of this genre include: [[Mötley Crüe]], [[Ratt]], [[Warrant (American band)|Warrant]], [[Extreme (band)|Extreme]], [[Cinderella (band)|Cinderella]], [[Pretty Boy Floyd (American band)|Pretty Boy Floyd]], [[Jackyl]], [[L.A. Guns]], and [[Poison (American band)|Poison]].<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/hair-metal-d2693 "Hair metal"], ''[[AllMusic]]'' retrieved December 30, 2010.</ref> Despite the name, many of these bands had or have large numbers of female fans.<ref>R. Moore, ''Sells Like Teen Spirit: Music, Youth Culture, and Social Crisis'' (New York, NY: New York University Press, 2009), {{ISBN|0-8147-5748-0}}, pp. 109-110.</ref> The spoof documentary ''[[This Is Spinal Tap]]'' is an acclaimed parody of the genre.<ref>J. Gottlieb and G. Wald, "Smells like teen spirit: riot girls, revolution and independent women in rock", in A. Ross and T. Rose, eds, ''Microphone Fiends: Youth Music & Youth Culture'' (London: Routledge, 1994), {{ISBN|0-415-90908-2}}, p. 259.</ref> In the 21st century, there was a revival of the genre with the sleaze metal movement in Sweden, with acts including [[Vains of Jenna]].<ref>M. Brown, [{{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p847945|pure_url=yes}} "Vains of Jenna"], ''Allmusic'', retrieved June 19, 2010.</ref> | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
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*[[Heavy metal music|Heavy metal]] | *[[Heavy metal music|Heavy metal]] | ||
*[[Hard rock]] | *[[Hard rock]] | ||
*[[Classic rock]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Latest revision as of 20:13, 21 October 2025
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Cock rock or butt rock[1] is a description of rock music that emphasizes an aggressive form of male sexuality. The style developed in the later 1950s, came to prominence in the 1960s and 1970s, and continues into the present day.
Characteristics
Cock rock is a musical genre.[2][3][4] Philip Auslander uses Simon Frith's description of cock rock characteristics:
[C]ock-rock performance means an explicit, crude, 'masterful' expression of sexuality ... Cock-rock performers are aggressive, boastful, constantly drawing audience attention to their prowess and control. Their bodies are on display ... mikes and guitars are phallic symbols (or else caressed like female bodies), the music is loud, rhythmically insistent, built around techniques of arousal and release. Lyrics are assertive and arrogant, but the exact words are less significant than the vocal styles involved, the shrill shouting and screaming.[5]
Use of the term
The meaning of the term cock rock has changed over time. It was first mentioned by an anonymous author in the New York–based underground feminist publication Rat in 1970[6] to describe the male-dominated music industry, and became a synonym for hard rock, emphasizing the aggressive expression of male sexuality, often misogynist lyrics and use of phallic imagery.[7] The term was used by sociologists Simon Frith and Angela McRobbie in 1978 to point to the contrast between the male-dominated subculture of cock rock which was "aggressive, dominating and boastful" and the more feminized teenybop stars of pop music.[8] Led Zeppelin have been described as "the quintessential purveyors of 'cock rock'".[9] Other formative acts include the Rolling Stones, the Who and Jim Morrison of the Doors.[10]
In 1981, Frith described the characteristics of cock rock in a way that could apply to female performers, not just male ones.[5] In 2004, Auslander used this description of cock-rock characteristics to show that Suzi Quatro (the first female bass player to become a major rockstar) is a female cock-rocker.[11]
Since the 1980s, the term has been sometimes interchangeable with hair metal or glam metal.[12] Examples of this genre include: Mötley Crüe, Ratt, Warrant, Extreme, Cinderella, Pretty Boy Floyd, Jackyl, L.A. Guns, and Poison.[13] Despite the name, many of these bands had or have large numbers of female fans.[14] The spoof documentary This Is Spinal Tap is an acclaimed parody of the genre.[15] In the 21st century, there was a revival of the genre with the sleaze metal movement in Sweden, with acts including Vains of Jenna.[16]
See also
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ https://toiletovhell.com/toilet-radio-138-the-great-butt-rock-debate/
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite thesis
- ↑ Template:Cite thesis
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Cited in Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". - ↑ T. Cateforis, The Rock History Reader (CRC Press, 2007), Template:ISBN, p. 125.
- ↑ R. Shuker, Popular Music: the Key Concepts (Abingdon: Routledge, 2005, 2nd edn., 2005), Template:ISBN, pp. 130-1.
- ↑ M. Leonard, Gender in the Music Industry: Rock, Discourse and Girl Power (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 2007), Template:ISBN, pp. 24-6.
- ↑ S. Waksman, Instruments of Desire: the Electric Guitar and the Shaping of Musical Experience (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001), Template:ISBN, pp. 238-9.
- ↑ P. Auslander, Performing Glam Rock: Gender and Theatricality in Popular Music (University of Michigan Press, 2006), Template:ISBN, p. 201.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ C. Klosterman, Fargo Rock City: a Heavy Metal Odyssey in Rural Nörth Daköta (Simon and Schuster, 2001), Template:ISBN, pp. 100-1.
- ↑ "Hair metal", AllMusic retrieved December 30, 2010.
- ↑ R. Moore, Sells Like Teen Spirit: Music, Youth Culture, and Social Crisis (New York, NY: New York University Press, 2009), Template:ISBN, pp. 109-110.
- ↑ J. Gottlieb and G. Wald, "Smells like teen spirit: riot girls, revolution and independent women in rock", in A. Ross and T. Rose, eds, Microphone Fiends: Youth Music & Youth Culture (London: Routledge, 1994), Template:ISBN, p. 259.
- ↑ M. Brown, [[[:Template:Allmusic]] "Vains of Jenna"], Allmusic, retrieved June 19, 2010.
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External links
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". (Female cock rockers from an American feminist point of view.)
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