Point of Ayr: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Northernmost point of mainland Wales}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}} | ||
{{Use British English|date=June 2015}} | {{Use British English|date=June 2015}} | ||
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| welsh_name = | | welsh_name = | ||
| constituency_welsh_assembly = [[Delyn (Assembly constituency)|Delyn]] | | constituency_welsh_assembly = [[Delyn (Assembly constituency)|Delyn]] | ||
| official_name = | | official_name = Point of Ayr | ||
| population = | | population = | ||
| unitary_wales = [[Flintshire]] | | unitary_wales = [[Flintshire]] | ||
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| os_grid_reference = SJ1202 8530 | | os_grid_reference = SJ1202 8530 | ||
| coordinates = {{coord|53.357|-3.322|display=inline,title}} | | coordinates = {{coord|53.357|-3.322|display=inline,title}} | ||
| static_image_name = Talacre- | | static_image_name = The Dunes at Talacre Warren SSSI - geograph.org.uk - 3352020.jpg | ||
| static_image_caption = The | | static_image_caption = The dunes and [[Point of Ayr Lighthouse|lighthouse]] at the Point of Ayr | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Point of Ayr''' ({{langx|cy|Y Parlwr Du}}) is the [[Extreme points of the United Kingdom|northernmost point]] of mainland [[Wales]]. It is situated immediately to the north of [[Talacre]] in [[Flintshire]], at the mouth of the [[River Dee, Wales|Dee estuary]]. It is to the southwest of the [[Liverpool Bay]] area of the [[Irish Sea]]. It is the site of a RSPB ([[Royal Society for the Protection of Birds]]) [[nature reserve]] RSPB Dee Estuary Point of Ayr,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.rspb.org.uk/pointofayr| title=RSPB Dee Estuary Point of Ayr |publisher=Rspb.org.uk }}</ref> and is part of [[Gronant | The '''Point of Ayr''' ({{langx|cy|Y Parlwr Du}}) is the [[Extreme points of the United Kingdom|northernmost point]] of mainland [[Wales]]. It is situated immediately to the north of [[Talacre]] in [[Flintshire]], at the mouth of the [[River Dee, Wales|Dee estuary]]. It is to the southwest of the [[Liverpool Bay]] area of the [[Irish Sea]]. It is the site of a RSPB ([[Royal Society for the Protection of Birds]]) [[nature reserve]] RSPB Dee Estuary Point of Ayr,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.rspb.org.uk/pointofayr| title=RSPB Dee Estuary Point of Ayr |publisher=Rspb.org.uk }}</ref> and is part of [[Gronant Dunes and Talacre Warren]] [[Site of Special Scientific Interest]]. | ||
==Coal== | ==Coal== | ||
For many years a [[colliery]] operated at Point of Ayr at the northern extremity of the [[Flintshire Coalfield]]; it was one of the last remaining operational [[Mining in Wales|deep mines in Wales]]. The first trial borings took place in 1865, under the direction of [[Baron Mostyn|Lord Mostyn]], owner of [[Mostyn Colliery]], a few miles away. The borings seemed successful, and the [[Prestatyn Coal Company]] was formed to commence operations proper, however the project was abandoned before it got off the ground. In 1873, the site was investigated a second time, by a newly formed company, the [[Western Mostyn Colliery Company]], however the trial shaft was not successful, and the project was again abandoned. | For many years a [[colliery]] operated at the Point of Ayr at the northern extremity of the [[Flintshire Coalfield]]; it was one of the last remaining operational [[Mining in Wales|deep mines in Wales]]. The first trial borings took place in 1865, under the direction of [[Baron Mostyn|Lord Mostyn]], owner of [[Mostyn Colliery]], a few miles away. The borings seemed successful, and the [[Prestatyn Coal Company]] was formed to commence operations proper, however the project was abandoned before it got off the ground. In 1873, the site was investigated a second time, by a newly formed company, the [[Western Mostyn Colliery Company]], however the trial shaft was not successful, and the project was again abandoned. | ||
In 1883, a third company was formed, the [[Point of Ayr Colliery Company]], and in 1890 they struck a seam. Coal at this time was brought to the surface by a team of 75 [[pit ponies]].<ref name=harrythomas>{{citation|title=Memory Lane: Volume I |first=Harry|last=Thomas|year=2003|page=19|isbn=978-0-9522755-6-5}}</ref> A second shaft was also sunk around this time. According to the [[Henry Walker (mines inspector)|Inspector of Mines]] records, in 1896 the pit employed 356 men producing coal for domestic and industrial uses. A third shaft was sunk sometime after the [[National Coal Board]] took over the site following [[nationalisation]] in 1947. The [[coal field]] extended northwards under the Irish Sea. Six men have been killed during the sink of a new shaft on the 4th of July 1952. By 1953, 738 men were producing 213,000 tons of coal annually. Point of Ayr colliery closed on 23 August 1996.<ref>{{citation| url=http://www.minersadvice.co.uk/wales_pointofayr.htm| title=Point of Ayr| publisher=Miners Advice| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{citation| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/coalhouse/sites/mines/pages/point_of_ayr_colliery.shtml| title=Point of Ayr Colliery| publisher=BBC Wales Coalhouse| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{citation| url=http://www.welshcoalmines.co.uk/North/Point%20of%20Ayr.htm| title=Point of Ayr Colliery| publisher=Welsh Coal Mines| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref> Nothing now remains of the colliery. However, like many former coal mines, the name is retained by "Point of Ayr Colliery Band", a Brass Band competing at Championship level. | In 1883, a third company was formed, the [[Point of Ayr Colliery Company]], and in 1890 they struck a seam. Coal at this time was brought to the surface by a team of 75 [[pit ponies]].<ref name=harrythomas>{{citation|title=Memory Lane: Volume I |first=Harry|last=Thomas|year=2003|page=19|isbn=978-0-9522755-6-5}}</ref> A second shaft was also sunk around this time. According to the [[Henry Walker (mines inspector)|Inspector of Mines]] records, in 1896 the pit employed 356 men producing coal for domestic and industrial uses. A third shaft was sunk sometime after the [[National Coal Board]] took over the site following [[nationalisation]] in 1947. The [[coal field]] extended northwards under the Irish Sea. Six men have been killed during the sink of a new shaft on the 4th of July 1952. By 1953, 738 men were producing 213,000 tons of coal annually. Point of Ayr colliery closed on 23 August 1996.<ref>{{citation| url=http://www.minersadvice.co.uk/wales_pointofayr.htm| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010424041615/http://www.minersadvice.co.uk/wales_pointofayr.htm| url-status=usurped| archive-date=24 April 2001| title=Point of Ayr| publisher=Miners Advice| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{citation| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/coalhouse/sites/mines/pages/point_of_ayr_colliery.shtml| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013020254/http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/coalhouse/sites/mines/pages/point_of_ayr_colliery.shtml| url-status=dead| archive-date=13 October 2008| title=Point of Ayr Colliery| publisher=BBC Wales Coalhouse| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{citation| url=http://www.welshcoalmines.co.uk/North/Point%20of%20Ayr.htm| title=Point of Ayr Colliery| publisher=Welsh Coal Mines| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref> Nothing now remains of the colliery. However, like many former coal mines, the name is retained by "Point of Ayr Colliery Band", a Brass Band competing at Championship level. | ||
The site was chosen in the early eighties for a demonstration "Oil from Coal" plant jointly funded by the government, the National Coal Board and others. Bench scale trials was carried out on site but the project became a victim of the miners strike and the subsequent cut back in research funding for this and clean burn technology. The plant never became operational and was scrapped. | The site was chosen in the early eighties for a demonstration "Oil from Coal" plant jointly funded by the government, the National Coal Board and others. Bench scale trials was carried out on site but the project became a victim of the miners strike and the subsequent cut back in research funding for this and clean burn technology. The plant never became operational and was scrapped. | ||
==Gas== | ==Gas== | ||
Point of Ayr is also the place where [[natural gas]] from the Celtic gas-fields comes ashore. Gas is piped through a [[Pipeline transport|pipeline]] 33.5 km (20 mile) long from the [[Douglas Complex]] of gas and [[petroleum]] [[drilling platform]]s in the Irish Sea. The Point of Ayr gas terminal has a gas processing capacity of {{convert|300|e6ft3|e6m3|abbr=off|lk=on}} per day at [[Standard temperature and pressure|standard conditions]]. The facilities remove methanol (used for hydrate inhibition), water and condensate. The gas is [[Gas sweetening|sweetened]] with an amine solvent to remove sulphur compounds to below 3.3 ppm and chilled to reduce the hydrocarbon dewpoint. The processing plant was originally part of the [[BHP]] development of the Liverpool Bay area,<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/bhp/bhp5.html| title=Point of Ayr Gas Terminal| publisher=Offshore Technology| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref> but now owned and operated by [[Eni]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailypost.co.uk/business/business-news/point-ayr-terminal-oil-gas-6904263|title=300 jobs secured with deal for Point of Ayr terminal and oil and gas fields|first=Owen|last=Hughes|date=1 April 2014|website=North Wales Live}}</ref> Gas is transported through a 27-km (17 mile) underground pipeline at 30 bar along the North Wales coast to Connah's Quay. After further processing, the gas is sold to [[Uniper]], for their [[combined cycle]] [[gas turbine]] [[power station]] at [[Connah's Quay]], on [[Deeside]], in Flintshire.<ref>{{citation| url=http://www.prestatyn.org.uk/offshore.industry/| title=Offshore Industry| publisher=Virtual Prestatyn| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref> | The Point of Ayr is also the place where [[natural gas]] from the Celtic gas-fields comes ashore. Gas is piped through a [[Pipeline transport|pipeline]] 33.5 km (20 mile) long from the [[Douglas Complex]] of gas and [[petroleum]] [[drilling platform]]s in the Irish Sea. The Point of Ayr gas terminal has a gas processing capacity of {{convert|300|e6ft3|e6m3|abbr=off|lk=on}} per day at [[Standard temperature and pressure|standard conditions]]. The facilities remove methanol (used for hydrate inhibition), water and condensate. The gas is [[Gas sweetening|sweetened]] with an amine solvent to remove sulphur compounds to below 3.3 ppm and chilled to reduce the hydrocarbon dewpoint. The processing plant was originally part of the [[BHP]] development of the Liverpool Bay area,<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/bhp/bhp5.html| title=Point of Ayr Gas Terminal| publisher=Offshore Technology| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref> but now owned and operated by [[Eni]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailypost.co.uk/business/business-news/point-ayr-terminal-oil-gas-6904263|title=300 jobs secured with deal for Point of Ayr terminal and oil and gas fields|first=Owen|last=Hughes|date=1 April 2014|website=North Wales Live}}</ref> Gas is transported through a 27-km (17 mile) underground pipeline at 30 bar along the North Wales coast to Connah's Quay. After further processing, the gas is sold to [[Uniper]], for their [[combined cycle]] [[gas turbine]] [[power station]] at [[Connah's Quay]], on [[Deeside]], in Flintshire.<ref>{{citation| url=http://www.prestatyn.org.uk/offshore.industry/| title=Offshore Industry| publisher=Virtual Prestatyn| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref> | ||
==Lighthouse== | ==Lighthouse== | ||
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[[File:The Light-house on Point of Air, Flintshire.jpeg|thumb|The Light-house on Point of Ayr, 1815]] | [[File:The Light-house on Point of Air, Flintshire.jpeg|thumb|The Light-house on Point of Ayr, 1815]] | ||
Point of Ayr also gives its name to a [[Point of Ayr Lighthouse|lighthouse]], built in 1776, though inactive since 1883. It stands on [[Talacre]] beach, at the entrance to the River Dee [[estuary]]. The lighthouse once displayed two lights. The main beam, at 63 feet, shone seaward towards [[Llandudno]]. A secondary beam shone up the River Dee, towards the hamlet of [[Thurstaston#Recent history|Dawpool]], in [[Cheshire]], on the [[England|English]] side of the estuary. Whilst in service, the lighthouse was painted with red and white stripes, and had a red lantern housing. It was replaced in 1844 with a metal [[pile lighthouse]], bearing a white light,<ref>{{citation|title=The Book of North Wales: Second Edition|first=Charles Frederick|last=Cliffe|year=1851|page=55}}</ref> put up by order of the [[Trinity House|Corporation of Trinity House]].<ref>{{citation|title=A Guide to North Wales|first=Edward|last=Parry|year=1851|page=229}}</ref> This new structure was itself replaced in 1883 with a [[Lightvessel|lightship]].<ref>{{citation| url=http://www.lighthousedepot.com/database/uniquelighthouse.cfm?value=1262| title=Point of Air (sic) Lighthouse| publisher=Lighthouse Depot Online| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref> | The Point of Ayr also gives its name to a [[Point of Ayr Lighthouse|lighthouse]], built in 1776, though inactive since 1883. It stands on [[Talacre]] beach, at the entrance to the River Dee [[estuary]]. The lighthouse once displayed two lights. The main beam, at 63 feet, shone seaward towards [[Llandudno]]. A secondary beam shone up the River Dee, towards the hamlet of [[Thurstaston#Recent history|Dawpool]], in [[Cheshire]], on the [[England|English]] side of the estuary. Whilst in service, the lighthouse was painted with red and white stripes, and had a red lantern housing. It was replaced in 1844 with a metal [[pile lighthouse]], bearing a white light,<ref>{{citation|title=The Book of North Wales: Second Edition|first=Charles Frederick|last=Cliffe|year=1851|page=55}}</ref> put up by order of the [[Trinity House|Corporation of Trinity House]].<ref>{{citation|title=A Guide to North Wales|first=Edward|last=Parry|year=1851|page=229}}</ref> This new structure was itself replaced in 1883 with a [[Lightvessel|lightship]].<ref>{{citation| url=http://www.lighthousedepot.com/database/uniquelighthouse.cfm?value=1262| title=Point of Air (sic) Lighthouse| publisher=Lighthouse Depot Online| access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Latest revision as of 18:21, 27 November 2025
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use British English Script error: No such module "about". Template:Short descriptionScript error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The Point of Ayr (Template:Langx) is the northernmost point of mainland Wales. It is situated immediately to the north of Talacre in Flintshire, at the mouth of the Dee estuary. It is to the southwest of the Liverpool Bay area of the Irish Sea. It is the site of a RSPB (Royal Society for the Protection of Birds) nature reserve RSPB Dee Estuary Point of Ayr,[1] and is part of Gronant Dunes and Talacre Warren Site of Special Scientific Interest.
Coal
For many years a colliery operated at the Point of Ayr at the northern extremity of the Flintshire Coalfield; it was one of the last remaining operational deep mines in Wales. The first trial borings took place in 1865, under the direction of Lord Mostyn, owner of Mostyn Colliery, a few miles away. The borings seemed successful, and the Prestatyn Coal Company was formed to commence operations proper, however the project was abandoned before it got off the ground. In 1873, the site was investigated a second time, by a newly formed company, the Western Mostyn Colliery Company, however the trial shaft was not successful, and the project was again abandoned.
In 1883, a third company was formed, the Point of Ayr Colliery Company, and in 1890 they struck a seam. Coal at this time was brought to the surface by a team of 75 pit ponies.[2] A second shaft was also sunk around this time. According to the Inspector of Mines records, in 1896 the pit employed 356 men producing coal for domestic and industrial uses. A third shaft was sunk sometime after the National Coal Board took over the site following nationalisation in 1947. The coal field extended northwards under the Irish Sea. Six men have been killed during the sink of a new shaft on the 4th of July 1952. By 1953, 738 men were producing 213,000 tons of coal annually. Point of Ayr colliery closed on 23 August 1996.[3][4][5] Nothing now remains of the colliery. However, like many former coal mines, the name is retained by "Point of Ayr Colliery Band", a Brass Band competing at Championship level.
The site was chosen in the early eighties for a demonstration "Oil from Coal" plant jointly funded by the government, the National Coal Board and others. Bench scale trials was carried out on site but the project became a victim of the miners strike and the subsequent cut back in research funding for this and clean burn technology. The plant never became operational and was scrapped.
Gas
The Point of Ayr is also the place where natural gas from the Celtic gas-fields comes ashore. Gas is piped through a pipeline 33.5 km (20 mile) long from the Douglas Complex of gas and petroleum drilling platforms in the Irish Sea. The Point of Ayr gas terminal has a gas processing capacity of Script error: No such module "convert". per day at standard conditions. The facilities remove methanol (used for hydrate inhibition), water and condensate. The gas is sweetened with an amine solvent to remove sulphur compounds to below 3.3 ppm and chilled to reduce the hydrocarbon dewpoint. The processing plant was originally part of the BHP development of the Liverpool Bay area,[6] but now owned and operated by Eni.[7] Gas is transported through a 27-km (17 mile) underground pipeline at 30 bar along the North Wales coast to Connah's Quay. After further processing, the gas is sold to Uniper, for their combined cycle gas turbine power station at Connah's Quay, on Deeside, in Flintshire.[8]
Lighthouse
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The Point of Ayr also gives its name to a lighthouse, built in 1776, though inactive since 1883. It stands on Talacre beach, at the entrance to the River Dee estuary. The lighthouse once displayed two lights. The main beam, at 63 feet, shone seaward towards Llandudno. A secondary beam shone up the River Dee, towards the hamlet of Dawpool, in Cheshire, on the English side of the estuary. Whilst in service, the lighthouse was painted with red and white stripes, and had a red lantern housing. It was replaced in 1844 with a metal pile lighthouse, bearing a white light,[9] put up by order of the Corporation of Trinity House.[10] This new structure was itself replaced in 1883 with a lightship.[11]
See also
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References
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External links
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