Daily Worker: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Previous edit
VisualWikitext
imported>CeltBrowne
mNo edit summary
imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao
 
(One intermediate revision by one other user not shown)
Line 5: Line 5:
{{Use American English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox newspaper
{{Infobox newspaper
| logo              =  
| logo              =
| image              = Daily Worker.pdf
| image              = Daily Worker.pdf
| caption            = No. 254 of the ''Daily Worker'' (November 7, 1927)
| caption            = No. 254 of the ''Daily Worker'' (November 7, 1927)
| type              = Daily [[newspaper]]
| type              = Daily [[newspaper]]
| format            = Broadsheet and tabloid
| format            = Broadsheet and tabloid
| foundation        = {{start date and age|1924}}
| founded            = {{start date and age|1924}}
| political          = Communist; socialist
| political_position = Communist; socialist
| language          = [[English language|English]]
| language          = [[English language|English]]
| ceased publication = January 1958
| ceased_publication = January 1958
| relaunched        =  
| relaunched        =  
| headquarters      = {{plainlist|
| headquarters      = {{plainlist|
Line 19: Line 19:
* [[Chicago]], Illinois
* [[Chicago]], Illinois
}}
}}
| circulation        = Various
| circulation        = Various  
}}
}}
{{Socialism US|literature}}
The '''''Daily Worker''''' was a newspaper published in [[Chicago]], founded by communists, socialists, union members, and other activists.<ref>{{cite web|last=Admin|date=2009-08-25|title=About People's World|url=https://www.peoplesworld.org/about-the-peoples-world/|access-date=2023-07-18|website=People's World|language=en-US}}</ref> Publication began in 1924.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pederson|first=Vernon|date=January 11, 2008|title=Take It As Red|publisher=[[On The Media]] for [[National Public Radio]]|quote=Founded in 1924, the Daily Worker – which ceased to be a daily 50 years ago – was the de facto house organ of American Communism.|url=http://www.onthemedia.org/transcripts/2008/01/11/06|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821121821/http://onthemedia.org/transcripts/2008/01/11/06|archive-date=2008-08-21}}</ref> It generally reflected the prevailing views of members of the [[Communist Party USA]] (CPUSA); it also reflected a broader spectrum of [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]] opinion. At its peak, the newspaper achieved a [[Newspaper circulation|circulation]] of 35,000. Contributors to its pages included [[Robert Minor]] and [[Fred Ellis (cartoonist)|Fred Ellis]] (cartoonists), [[Lester Rodney]] (sports editor), [[David Karr]], [[Richard Wright (author)|Richard Wright]], [[John L. Spivak]], [[Peter Fryer]], [[Woody Guthrie]], and [[Louis F. Budenz]].


The '''''Daily Worker''''' was a newspaper published in [[Chicago]] founded by communists, socialists, union members, and other activists.<ref>{{cite web|last=Admin|date=2009-08-25|title=About People's World|url=https://www.peoplesworld.org/about-the-peoples-world/|access-date=2023-07-18|website=People's World|language=en-US}}</ref> Publication began in 1924.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pederson|first=Vernon|date=January 11, 2008|title=Take It As Red|publisher=[[On The Media]] for [[National Public Radio]]|quote=Founded in 1924, the Daily Worker – which ceased to be a daily 50 years ago – was the de facto house organ of American Communism.|url=http://www.onthemedia.org/transcripts/2008/01/11/06|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821121821/http://onthemedia.org/transcripts/2008/01/11/06|archive-date=2008-08-21}}</ref> It generally reflected the prevailing views of members of the [[Communist Party USA]] (CPUSA); it also reflected a broader spectrum of [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]] opinion. At its peak, the newspaper achieved a [[Newspaper circulation|circulation]] of 35,000. Contributors to its pages included [[Robert Minor]] and [[Fred Ellis (cartoonist)|Fred Ellis]] (cartoonists), [[Lester Rodney]] (sports editor), [[David Karr]], [[Richard Wright (author)|Richard Wright]], [[John L. Spivak]], [[Peter Fryer]], [[Woody Guthrie]], and [[Louis F. Budenz]].
All works of the Daily Worker prior to 1964, are now in the public domain due to the nonrenewal of their copyright status.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FAQ: How To Find Out Whether a Copyright Was Renewed? |url=https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/renewals.html |access-date=2025-08-27 |website=onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Daily Worker copyright information |url=https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/cinfo/dailyworker |access-date=2025-08-27 |website=onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
Line 40: Line 42:


===Popular front changes===
===Popular front changes===
[[File:May Day parade float with male statue reading the “Daily Worker”.jpg|thumb|right|[[International Workers' Day|May Day]] parade float with statue reading the ''Daily Worker'']]
[[File:May Day parade float with male statue reading the “Daily Worker”.jpg|thumb|left|[[International Workers' Day|May Day]] parade float with statue reading the ''Daily Worker'']]


Beginning in the [[popular front]] period of the 1930s, the paper broadened its coverage of the arts and entertainment. In 1935, it established a sports page, with contributions from [[David Karr]], the page was edited and frequently written by [[Lester Rodney]]. The paper's sports coverage combined enthusiasm for baseball with the usual Marxist social critique of capitalist society and bourgeois attitudes. It advocated the [[Desegregation in the United States|desegregation]] of [[professional sports]].{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}
Beginning in the [[popular front]] period of the 1930s, the paper broadened its coverage of the arts and entertainment. In 1935, it established a sports page, with contributions from [[David Karr]], the page was edited and frequently written by [[Lester Rodney]]. The paper's sports coverage combined enthusiasm for baseball with the usual Marxist social critique of capitalist society and bourgeois attitudes. It advocated the [[Desegregation in the United States|desegregation]] of [[professional sports]].{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}


===Post-World War II===
===Post-World War II===
After a short hiatus, the party published a weekend paper called ''The Worker'' from 1958 until 1968. A Tuesday edition called ''The Midweek Worker'' was added in 1961 and also continued until 1968, when production was accelerated.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}  
After a short hiatus, the party published a weekend paper called ''The Worker'' from 1958 until 1968. A Tuesday edition called ''The Midweek Worker'' was added in 1961 and also continued until 1968, when production was accelerated.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}


===Two newspapers and a merger===
===Two newspapers and a merger===
{{Socialism US|literature}}


In 1968, the publication was resumed as a New York daily paper, now titled ''The Daily World''. In 1986, the paper merged with the [[West Coast of the United States|West Coast]] weekly paper, the ''[[People's World]]''. The new ''People's Daily World'' published from 1987 until 1991, when daily publication was abandoned.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}
In 1968, the publication was resumed as a New York daily paper, now titled ''The Daily World''. In 1986, the paper merged with the [[West Coast of the United States|West Coast]] weekly paper, the ''[[People's World]]''. The new ''People's Daily World'' published from 1987 until 1991, when daily publication was abandoned.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}


=== Contemporary claims of successors ===
=== Contemporary claims of successors ===
The new paper was cut back to a weekly issue and was retitled ''People's Weekly World'' (later retitled to ''[[People's World]]'' as to de-emphasize the weekly component). Print publication of the ''People's World'' ceased in 2010 in favor of an online edition.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}} {{asof|2012}}, ''People's World'' claims that, "Peoplesworld.org is a daily news website of, for and by the 99% and the direct descendant of the ''Daily Worker''." Its publisher is Long View Publishing Company. The online newspaper is a member of the [[International Labor Communications Association]] and is indexed in the [[Alternative Press Index]]. Its staff belong to the [[Newspaper Guild]]/CWA, [[AFL–CIO]].<ref>{{cite web|title=About the People's World|publisher=People's World|url=http://www.peoplesworld.org/about-us|access-date=24 March 2012|date=2009-08-25}}</ref>  
The new paper was cut back to a weekly issue and was retitled ''People's Weekly World'' (later retitled to ''[[People's World]]'' as to de-emphasize the weekly component). Print publication of the ''People's World'' ceased in 2010 in favor of an online edition.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}} {{as of|2012}}, ''People's World'' claims that, "Peoplesworld.org is a daily news website of, for and by the 99% and the direct descendant of the ''Daily Worker''." Its publisher is Long View Publishing Company. The online newspaper is a member of the [[International Labor Communications Association]] and is indexed in the [[Alternative Press Index]]. Its staff belong to the [[Newspaper Guild]]/CWA, [[AFL–CIO]].<ref>{{cite web|title=About the People's World|publisher=People's World|url=http://www.peoplesworld.org/about-us|access-date=24 March 2012|date=2009-08-25}}</ref>


Another publication, both in print as ''The Worker'' and online as ''Daily Worker USA'' states that it is "Continuing ''The Daily Worker'', Founded in 1924." ''The Worker'' is the Publication of the Central Committee of the Party of Communists USA, which itself claims to be the continuing the legacy of the old CPUSA, and The Worker has been printed and distributed since at least 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=https://dailyworkerusa.com/about-us/|access-date=2024-04-11|website=The Worker|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Home|url=https://dailyworkerusa.com/|access-date=2024-04-11|website=The Worker|language=en-US}}</ref>
Another publication, both in print as ''The Worker'' and online as ''Daily Worker USA'' states that it is "Continuing ''The Daily Worker'', Founded in 1924." ''The Worker'' is the Publication of the Central Committee of the Party of Communists USA, which itself claims to be the continuing the legacy of the old CPUSA, and The Worker has been printed and distributed since at least 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=https://dailyworkerusa.com/about-us/|access-date=2024-04-11|website=The Worker|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Home|url=https://dailyworkerusa.com/|access-date=2024-04-11|website=The Worker|language=en-US}}</ref>
==Leadership==
===Editors===
{| class="wikitable"
| 1924–1928 || [[J. Louis Engdahl]] || [[File:J. Louis Engdahl Posthumous Edit.jpg|120px]]
|-
| 1925–1936 || [[William F. Dunne]] || [[File:William F. Dunne Edit Crop.jpg|120px]]
|-
| 1928–1930 || [[Robert Minor]] || [[File:Robert Minor 1938.jpg|120px]]
|-
| 1930, 1933–1940 || [[Clarence Hathaway]]|| [[File:Clarence Hathaway 1940.jpg|120px]]
|-
| 1940–1945 || [[Louis F. Budenz]] || [[File:Louis F. Budenz Speaking to the House Committee Investigating Un-American Activities Crop.jpg|120px]]
|-
| 1945–1947 || [[Morris Childs]] || [[File:Morris Childs.jpg|120px]]
|-
| 1946-?, 1956–1958 || [[Si Gerson]]|| [[File:Simon_W._Gerson_1948_Edit_Alt.jpg|120px]]
|-
| 1947–1958 || [[John Gates]] || [[File:John Gates, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing right Trim Edit.jpg|120px]]
|-
|}


==Masthead==
==Masthead==
{{wide image|Daily Worker Staff Members 1934.jpg|500px|Staff members of the ''Daily Worker'', 1934.<br /><small>'''(L-R):''' Harry Raymond, Howard Boldt, Carl Reeve, [[Sender Garlin]], [[Si Gerson]], [[Harry Gannes]], [[Jacob Burck]], Milton Howard, and William Fuchs.</small>}}


===1920s===
===1920s===
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Martin Abern]]
* [[Maurice Becker]], cartoonist
* [[Maurice Becker]], cartoonist
* [[Max Bedacht]], contributor
* [[Alexander Bittelman]], magazine editor
* [[Ella Reeve Bloor]]
* [[Jacob Burck]], cartoonist
* [[Jacob Burck]], cartoonist
* [[Walt Carmon]], circulation manager
* [[Walt Carmon]], circulation manager
* [[Ann Washington Craton]], contributor
* [[Whittaker Chambers]]<ref name=witness>{{Cite book|last=Chambers|first=Whittaker |year=2001 |orig-year=1952 |title=Witness |edition=50th anniversary |location=Washington, DC |publisher=Regnery Pub. |pages=206–207, 218–229, 252–259 |isbn=978-0-89526-789-4 |lccn=52005149 |oclc=49674545}}</ref>
* [[Whittaker Chambers]]<ref name=witness>{{Cite book|last=Chambers|first=Whittaker |year=2001 |orig-year=1952 |title=Witness |edition=50th anniversary |location=Washington, DC |publisher=Regnery Pub. |pages=206–207, 218–229, 252–259 |isbn=978-0-89526-789-4 |lccn=52005149 |oclc=49674545}}</ref>
*  Kyle Crichton as "Robert Forsythe" (father of [[Robert Crichton (novelist)|Robert Crichton]])
*  Kyle Crichton as "Robert Forsythe" (father of [[Robert Crichton (novelist)|Robert Crichton]])
* [[Paul Crouch (activist)|Paul Crouch]]
* [[Paul Crouch (activist)|Paul Crouch]]
* [[Samuel Adams Darcy]]
* [[Samuel Adams Darcy]]
* [[Nicholas Dozenberg]], business manager
* [[William F. Dunne]], editor
* [[Fred Ellis (cartoonist)|Fred Ellis]], cartoonist
* [[Fred Ellis (cartoonist)|Fred Ellis]], cartoonist
* [[J. Louis Engdahl]], editor
* [[Lovett Fort-Whiteman]], contributor
* [[Harry Freeman (journalist)|Harry Freeman]]<ref name=witness />
* [[Harry Freeman (journalist)|Harry Freeman]]<ref name=witness />
* [[Sender Garlin]]
* [[Sender Garlin]]
* [[Hugo Gellert]], cartoonist
* [[Hugo Gellert]], cartoonist
* [[Harrison George]]
* [[Mike Gold]], columnist
* [[Mike Gold]], columnist
* [[William Gropper]], cartoonist
* [[Jolan Gross-Bettelheim]], cartoonist
* [[Jolan Gross-Bettelheim]], cartoonist
* [[Ji Chaoding]], contributor
* [[L. E. Katterfeld]] ("New York representative"<ref name=witness />)
* [[L. E. Katterfeld]] ("New York representative"<ref name=witness />)
* [[Sergey Kurnakov]], military affairs
* [[A. B. Magil]]
* [[Benjamin Mandel]], business manager
* [[Robert Minor]], cartoonist
* [[Robert Minor]], cartoonist
* [[Richard B. Moore]]
* [[Richard B. Moore]]
* [[Paul Novick]]
* [[Harvey O'Connor]] ("effective editor"<ref name=witness />)
* [[Harvey O'Connor]] ("effective editor"<ref name=witness />)
* [[Tom Maidhc O'Flaherty]], columnist
* [[Moissaye Joseph Olgin]]
* [[Moissaye Joseph Olgin]]
* [[Edwin Rolfe]]
* [[Max Shachtman]]
* [[Esther Shemitz]], cartoonist
* [[Bertram Wolfe]]
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}


===1930s===
===1930s===
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[James S. Allen]], foreign news writer
* [[Robert Bendiner]]
* [[Robert Bendiner]]
* [[Richard O. Boyer]]
* [[Richard O. Boyer]]
* [[Sam Brody]], film critic
* [[Nathaniel Buchwald]], Moscow correspondent
* [[Louis F. Budenz]], managing editor
* [[Louis F. Budenz]], managing editor
* [[Ben Burns]]
* [[Ben Burns]]
* [[Benjamin J. Davis Jr.]], editor
* [[Samuel Adams Darcy]], editor
* [[Benjamin J. Davis Jr.]]
* [[Theodore Draper]], assistant foreign editor
* [[Theodore Dreiser]]
* [[Theodore Dreiser]]
* [[Lou Ferstadt]], cartoonist
* [[Frederick Vanderbilt Field]]
* [[Elizabeth Gurley Flynn]], columnist
* [[Nelson Frank]]
* [[Nelson Frank]]
* [[Nat Ganley]]
* [[Harry Gannes]], foreign editor
* [[Harry Gannes]], foreign editor
* [[James Glaser]], managing editor
* [[Si Gerson]]
* [[Eugene Gordon (writer)|Eugene Gordon]]
* [[Eugene Gordon (writer)|Eugene Gordon]]
* [[Woody Guthrie]], "Woody Sez" columnist for ''[[People's World]]''
* [[Woody Guthrie]], "Woody Sez" columnist for ''[[People's World]]''
Line 96: Line 151:
* [[Syd Hoff]], cartoonist
* [[Syd Hoff]], cartoonist
* [[Jacob Kainen]], cartoonist
* [[Jacob Kainen]], cartoonist
* [[David Karr]]
* [[Jay Richard Kennedy]], circulation manager
* [[Sergey Nikolaevich Kurnakov]]
* [[Sergey Nikolaevich Kurnakov]]
* [[Avrom Landy]], New York City editor
* [[John Howard Lawson]]
* [[Edna Lewis]]
* [[Edna Lewis]]
* [[Walter Lowenfels]]
* [[Walter Lowenfels]]
* [[Maud Malone]], librarian
* [[Max Margulis]], music critic
* [[J. B. Matthews]], contributor
* [[George Morris (American writer)|George Morris]], labor editor
* [[Felix Morrow]]
* [[Joseph North (writer)|Joseph North]], columnist
* [[Pablo O'Higgins]], illustrator
* [[Brian O'Neill (journalist)|Brian O'Neill]], contributor
* [[Myra Page]], contributor
* [[Harry Alan Potamkin]], film critic
* [[Samuel Putnam]]
* [[Samuel Putnam]]
* [[Al Richmond]]
* [[Lester Rodney]], sports writer
* [[Lester Rodney]], sports writer
* [[Edwin Rolfe]]
* [[Muriel Rukeyser]]
* [[Howard Rushmore]]
* [[Howard Rushmore]]
* [[Ryan Walker (cartoonist)|Ryan Walker]], cartoonist / editor
* [[Samuel Sillen]], contributor
* [[Charles Edward Smith (jazz)|Charles Edward Smith]], music critic
* [[Vern Smith (journalist)|Vern Smith]], Moscow correspondent
* [[John L. Spivak]]
* [[Carolyn Lloyd Strobell]], contributor
* [[Ryan Walker (cartoonist)|Ryan Walker]], cartoonist/editor
* [[Alden Whitman]], book critic
* [[Richard Wright (author)|Richard Wright]], Harlem editor
* [[Marguerite Young (journalist)|Marguerite Young]], Washington DC bureau chief
* [[Marguerite Young (journalist)|Marguerite Young]], Washington DC bureau chief
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}
Line 109: Line 188:
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Edith Anderson-Schröder]], culture editor
* [[Edith Anderson-Schröder]], culture editor
* [[Phil Bard]], advertising manager
* [[Abner Berry]], negro affairs editor
* [[Dick Briefer]], cartoonist
* [[Earl Browder]], contributor
* [[Morris Childs]], editor
* [[Benjamin J. Davis Jr.]], president
* [[Pele de Lappe]], illustrator
* [[Peggy Dennis]], women's editor
* [[Frederick Vanderbilt Field]]
* [[Sidney Finkelstein]], music critic
* [[James W. Ford]], contributor
* [[Si Gerson]]
* [[Irving Goff]], contributor
* [[Louis Harap]], contributor
* [[Grace Hutchins]], contributor
* [[Jim Kepner]]
* [[Harvey Kurtzman]], cartoonist
* [[Edna Lewis]]
* [[Bill Mardo]]
* [[Bill Mardo]]
* [[Alexander Saxton]]
* [[Alexander Saxton]]
* [[Edwin Seaver]]
* [[Jack Stachel]], associate editor
* [[Joseph Starobin]], foreign editor
* [[Carolyn Lloyd Strobell]], owner
* [[Dalton Trumbo]], contributor
* [[Theodore Ward]]
* [[Alden Whitman]], book critic
* [[Milton Wolff]], culture editor
* [[Jose Yglesias]], film critic
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}


===1950s===
===1950s===
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[John Gates]]
* [[Joseph Clark (journalist)|Joseph Clark]], foreign editor
* [[Jesús Colón]], columnist
* [[Howard Fast]]
* [[Peter Fryer]], contributor
* [[John Gates]], editor
* [[Si Gerson]], executive editor
* [[Si Gerson]], executive editor
* [[Claudia Jones]], columnist
* [[Douglas Turner Ward]], reporter
* [[Charles W. White]], cartoonist
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}
===1970s===
* [[Akwasi Evans]], freelance reporter


==Pamphlets==
==Pamphlets==
Line 190: Line 306:


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{Wikisource}}
===Articles===
===Articles===
* Fetter, Henry D. "The Party Line and the Color Line: The American Communist Party, the ''Daily Worker'' and Jackie Robinson." ''Journal of Sport History'' 28, no. 3 (Fall 2001).
* Fetter, Henry D. "The Party Line and the Color Line: The American Communist Party, the ''Daily Worker'' and Jackie Robinson." ''Journal of Sport History'' 28, no. 3 (Fall 2001).
* Gottfried, Erika, "Shooting Back: The ''Daily Worker'' Photographs Collection," ''American Communist History'', vol. 12, no. 1 (April 2013), pp. 41–69.
* Gottfried, Erika, "Shooting Back: The ''Daily Worker'' Photographs Collection," ''American Communist History'', vol. 12, no. 1 (April 2013), pp.&nbsp;41–69.
* Lamb, Christopher and Rusinack, Kelly E. "Hitting From the Left: The Daily Worker's Assault on Baseball's Color Line". Gumpert, Gary and Drucker, Susan J., eds. ''Take Me Out to the Ballgame: Communicating Baseball''. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2002.
* Lamb, Christopher and Rusinack, Kelly E. "Hitting From the Left: The Daily Worker's Assault on Baseball's Color Line". Gumpert, Gary and Drucker, Susan J., eds. ''Take Me Out to the Ballgame: Communicating Baseball''. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2002.
* Rusinack, Kelly E. "Baseball on the Radical Agenda: The Daily and Sunday Worker Journalistic Campaign to Desegregate Major League Baseball, 1933-1947". Dorinson, Joseph, and Woramund, Joram, eds. ''Jackie Robinson: Race, Sports, and the American Dream''. New York: E. M. Swift, 1998.
* Rusinack, Kelly E. "Baseball on the Radical Agenda: The Daily and Sunday Worker Journalistic Campaign to Desegregate Major League Baseball, 1933-1947". Dorinson, Joseph, and Woramund, Joram, eds. ''Jackie Robinson: Race, Sports, and the American Dream''. New York: E. M. Swift, 1998.
Line 233: Line 351:
[[Category:Politics of Chicago]]
[[Category:Politics of Chicago]]
[[Category:Communism in Illinois]]
[[Category:Communism in Illinois]]
[[Category:Defunct daily newspapers]]

Latest revision as of 08:50, 6 December 2025

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "about". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Use mdy dates Template:Use American English Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Socialism US The Daily Worker was a newspaper published in Chicago, founded by communists, socialists, union members, and other activists.[1] Publication began in 1924.[2] It generally reflected the prevailing views of members of the Communist Party USA (CPUSA); it also reflected a broader spectrum of left-wing opinion. At its peak, the newspaper achieved a circulation of 35,000. Contributors to its pages included Robert Minor and Fred Ellis (cartoonists), Lester Rodney (sports editor), David Karr, Richard Wright, John L. Spivak, Peter Fryer, Woody Guthrie, and Louis F. Budenz.

All works of the Daily Worker prior to 1964, are now in the public domain due to the nonrenewal of their copyright status.[3][4]

History

Origins

The origins of the Daily Worker were with the weekly Ohio Socialist published by the Socialist Party of Ohio in Cleveland from 1917 to November 1919. The Ohio party joined the nascent Communist Labor Party of America (CLP) at the 1919 Emergency National Convention.

The Ohio Socialist only used whole numbers. Its final issue was #94 November 19, 1919. The Toiler continued this numbering, even though a typographical error made its debut issue #85 November 26, 1919. Beginning sometime in 1921 the volume number IV was added, perhaps reflecting the publications fourth year in print, though its issue numbers continued the whole number scheme. The final edition of the Toiler was Vol IV #207 January 28, 1922. The Worker continued the Toilers numbering during its run Vol. IV #208 February 2, 1922 to Vol. VI #310 January 12, 1924. The first edition of Daily worker was numbered Vol. I #311.[5]

The Ohio Socialist became Toiler in November 1919. In 1920, with the CLP going underground, Toiler became the party's "aboveground" newspaper published by "The Toiler Publishing Association." It remained as the Cleveland aboveground publication of the CLP and its successors until February 1922.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

In December 1921 the "aboveground" Workers Party of America was founded and the Toiler merged with Workers Council of the Workers' Council of the United States to found the six page weekly The Worker.

This became the Daily Worker beginning January 13, 1924.[5]

In 1927, the newspaper moved from Chicago to New York.[6]

Popular front changes

File:May Day parade float with male statue reading the “Daily Worker”.jpg
May Day parade float with statue reading the Daily Worker

Beginning in the popular front period of the 1930s, the paper broadened its coverage of the arts and entertainment. In 1935, it established a sports page, with contributions from David Karr, the page was edited and frequently written by Lester Rodney. The paper's sports coverage combined enthusiasm for baseball with the usual Marxist social critique of capitalist society and bourgeois attitudes. It advocated the desegregation of professional sports.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Post-World War II

After a short hiatus, the party published a weekend paper called The Worker from 1958 until 1968. A Tuesday edition called The Midweek Worker was added in 1961 and also continued until 1968, when production was accelerated.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Two newspapers and a merger

In 1968, the publication was resumed as a New York daily paper, now titled The Daily World. In 1986, the paper merged with the West Coast weekly paper, the People's World. The new People's Daily World published from 1987 until 1991, when daily publication was abandoned.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Contemporary claims of successors

The new paper was cut back to a weekly issue and was retitled People's Weekly World (later retitled to People's World as to de-emphasize the weekly component). Print publication of the People's World ceased in 2010 in favor of an online edition.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". since 2012Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., People's World claims that, "Peoplesworld.org is a daily news website of, for and by the 99% and the direct descendant of the Daily Worker." Its publisher is Long View Publishing Company. The online newspaper is a member of the International Labor Communications Association and is indexed in the Alternative Press Index. Its staff belong to the Newspaper Guild/CWA, AFL–CIO.[7]

Another publication, both in print as The Worker and online as Daily Worker USA states that it is "Continuing The Daily Worker, Founded in 1924." The Worker is the Publication of the Central Committee of the Party of Communists USA, which itself claims to be the continuing the legacy of the old CPUSA, and The Worker has been printed and distributed since at least 2020.[8][9]

Leadership

Editors

1924–1928 J. Louis Engdahl File:J. Louis Engdahl Posthumous Edit.jpg
1925–1936 William F. Dunne File:William F. Dunne Edit Crop.jpg
1928–1930 Robert Minor File:Robert Minor 1938.jpg
1930, 1933–1940 Clarence Hathaway File:Clarence Hathaway 1940.jpg
1940–1945 Louis F. Budenz File:Louis F. Budenz Speaking to the House Committee Investigating Un-American Activities Crop.jpg
1945–1947 Morris Childs File:Morris Childs.jpg
1946-?, 1956–1958 Si Gerson File:Simon W. Gerson 1948 Edit Alt.jpg
1947–1958 John Gates File:John Gates, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing right Trim Edit.jpg

Masthead

Script error: No such module "wide image".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

1920s

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

1930s

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

1940s

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

1950s

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

1970s

Pamphlets

Before the Party established the Workers Library Publishers in late 1927, the party used the Daily Worker Publishing Company imprint to publish its pamphlets.

See also

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b Goldwater, Walter Radical periodicals in America 1890-1950 New Haven, Yale University Library 1964 pp.10, 30, 42, 46
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Further reading

Template:Wikisource/outer coreScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Articles

  • Fetter, Henry D. "The Party Line and the Color Line: The American Communist Party, the Daily Worker and Jackie Robinson." Journal of Sport History 28, no. 3 (Fall 2001).
  • Gottfried, Erika, "Shooting Back: The Daily Worker Photographs Collection," American Communist History, vol. 12, no. 1 (April 2013), pp. 41–69.
  • Lamb, Christopher and Rusinack, Kelly E. "Hitting From the Left: The Daily Worker's Assault on Baseball's Color Line". Gumpert, Gary and Drucker, Susan J., eds. Take Me Out to the Ballgame: Communicating Baseball. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2002.
  • Rusinack, Kelly E. "Baseball on the Radical Agenda: The Daily and Sunday Worker Journalistic Campaign to Desegregate Major League Baseball, 1933-1947". Dorinson, Joseph, and Woramund, Joram, eds. Jackie Robinson: Race, Sports, and the American Dream. New York: E. M. Swift, 1998.
  • Smith, Ronald A. "The Paul Robeson-Jackie Robinson Saga and a Political Collision". Journal of Sport History 6, no. 2 (1979).

Theses

  • Evans, William Barrett. "Revolutionist Thought in the Daily Worker, 1919-1939". Ph.D. diss. University of Washington, 1965.
  • Jeffries, Dexter. "Richard Wright and the ‘Daily Worker’: A Native Son’s Journalistic Apprenticeship". Ph.D. diss. City University of New York, 2000.
  • Rusinack, Kelly E. "Baseball on the Radical Agenda: The Daily and Sunday Worker on Desegregating Major League Baseball, 1933-1947". M.A. Thesis, Clemson University, South Carolina, 1995.
  • Shoemaker, Martha Mcardell. "Propaganda or Persuasion: The Communist Party and Its Campaign to Integrate Baseball". Master’s thesis. University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1999.

Books

  • Hemingway, Andrew. Artists on the Left: American Artists and the Communist Movement, 1926-1956. New Haven, Yale University Press, 2002.
  • Schappes, Morris U. The Daily Worker: Heir to the Great Tradition. New York: Daily Worker, 1944.
  • Silber, Irwin. Press Box Red: The Story of Lester Rodney, the Communist Who Helped Break the Color Line in American Sports. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2003.

External links

Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Template:Authority control

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Daily_Worker&oldid=5096371"