LMS Princess Royal Class: Difference between revisions
imported>Machine Man77 →External links: Replacing Categories |
|||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}} | ||
{{Use British English|date=March 2017}} | {{Use British English|date=March 2017}} | ||
{{more citations needed|date=October 2025}} | |||
{{original research|date=October 2025}} | |||
{{Infobox locomotive | {{Infobox locomotive | ||
| name = ''Princess Royal'' Class | | name = ''Princess Royal'' Class | ||
| Line 42: | Line 44: | ||
| height = {{convert|13|ft|3|in|m|3|abbr=on}} | | height = {{convert|13|ft|3|in|m|3|abbr=on}} | ||
| frametype = | | frametype = | ||
| axleload = {{convert|22.5|LT}} | | axleload = {{convert|22.5|LT|t ST|1}} | ||
| leadingbogie/pony= {{convert|21|LT}} | | leadingbogie/pony= {{convert|21|LT|t ST|1}} | ||
| coupled all = {{convert|22|LT}} | | coupled all = {{convert|22|LT|t ST|1}} | ||
| coupled 1 = <!-- load on 1st coupled wheel --> | | coupled 1 = <!-- load on 1st coupled wheel --> | ||
| coupled 2 = <!-- load on 2nd coupled wheel --> | | coupled 2 = <!-- load on 2nd coupled wheel --> | ||
| Line 53: | Line 55: | ||
| coupled 7 = | | coupled 7 = | ||
| coupled 8 = | | coupled 8 = | ||
| trail bogie/pony= {{convert|16|LT}} | | trail bogie/pony= {{convert|16|LT|t ST|1}} | ||
| tenderbogieload = <!-- load per tender bogie, use "Truck 1:<br />Bogie 2:" if different --> | | tenderbogieload = <!-- load per tender bogie, use "Truck 1:<br />Bogie 2:" if different --> | ||
| tenderaxle = {{ubl|''Front:'' {{convert|18.6|LT}}|''Middle:'' {{convert|17.8|LT}}|''Rear:'' {{convert|18.25|LT}}}} | | tenderaxle = {{ubl|''Front:'' {{convert|18.6|LT|t ST}}|''Middle:'' {{convert|17.8|LT|t ST}}|''Rear:'' {{convert|18.25|LT|t ST}}}} | ||
| weightondrivers = {{convert|67.5|LT}} | | weightondrivers = {{convert|67.5|LT|t ST}} | ||
| locoweight = {{ubl|{{convert|104.5|LT|ST | | locoweight = {{ubl|{{convert|104.5|LT|t ST|abbr=on}}|''46202:'' {{convert|110.55|LT|t ST|abbr=on}}}} | ||
| tenderweight = {{convert|54.65|LT|ST | | tenderweight = {{convert|54.65|LT|t ST|abbr=on}} | ||
| locotenderweight = | | locotenderweight = | ||
| tendertype = | | tendertype = | ||
| fueltype = [[Coal]] | | fueltype = [[Coal]] | ||
| fuelcap = {{ubl|{{convert|9|LT|ST | | fuelcap = {{ubl|{{convert|9|LT|t ST|1|abbr=on}}|later {{convert|10|LT|t ST|1|abbr=on}}}} | ||
| watercap = {{convert|4000|impgal|abbr=on}} | | watercap = {{convert|4000|impgal|abbr=on}} | ||
| tendercap = | | tendercap = | ||
| Line 127: | Line 129: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
{{unreferenced section|date=October 2025}} | |||
The designer of the class, [[William Stanier]], had previously been Works Manager of the [[Great Western Railway]]'s depot at [[Swindon Works]], and had been recruited with a brief to replace the LMS's miscellany of locomotives inherited from its constituent companies. He made extensive use of Great Western features in his designs. | The designer of the class, [[William Stanier]], had previously been Works Manager of the [[Great Western Railway]]'s depot at [[Swindon Works]], and had been recruited with a brief to replace the LMS's miscellany of locomotives inherited from its constituent companies. He made extensive use of Great Western features in his designs. | ||
To match the power and speed and especially the prestige of the [[London and North Eastern Railway]]'s express Pacific locomotives, Stanier designed the Princess Royal class almost as soon as he was appointed to the LMS. When originally built, they were used to haul the famous ''[[Royal Scot (train)|Royal Scot]]'' train between [[London Euston railway station|London Euston]] and [[Glasgow Central railway station|Glasgow Central]]. | To match the power and speed and especially the prestige of the [[London and North Eastern Railway]]'s express Pacific locomotives, Stanier designed the Princess Royal class almost as soon as he was appointed to the LMS.<ref>{{cite book| last=Casserley| first=H.C.| authorlink=H. C. Casserley| title=The Observer's Book of Railway Locomotives of Britain| publisher=Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd| location=London| year=1960| page=149}}</ref> When originally built, they were used to haul the famous ''[[Royal Scot (train)|Royal Scot]]'' train between [[London Euston railway station|London Euston]] and [[Glasgow Central railway station|Glasgow Central]]. | ||
==Design== | ==Design== | ||
The class was based on [[GWR 111 The Great Bear]], a design produced in 1907 for the Great Western by [[George Jackson Churchward]].<ref>{{harvnb|Tuplin|1969|page=106}}</ref> The smokebox and cylinders were closely based on those of the [[GWR 6000 Class]] (also known as the King Class).<ref name=Tuplin107>{{harvnb|Tuplin|1969|page=107}}</ref> The inside cylinders were abreast the leading bogied wheels and drove cranks on the leading coupled axle, the outside cylinders were abreast the rear bogie wheels (which made substantial cross-bracing necessary between the cylinders and the locomotive frame) and drove crank pins on the centre coupled axle.<ref>{{harvnb|Tuplin|1969|page=85}}</ref> Each of the four cylinders had its own set of Walschaerts valve gear. | The class was based on [[GWR 111 The Great Bear]], a design produced in 1907 for the Great Western by [[George Jackson Churchward]].<ref>{{harvnb|Tuplin|1969|page=106}}</ref> The smokebox and cylinders were closely based on those of the [[GWR 6000 Class]] (also known as the King Class).<ref name=Tuplin107>{{harvnb|Tuplin|1969|page=107}}</ref> The inside cylinders were abreast the leading bogied wheels and drove cranks on the leading coupled axle, the outside cylinders were abreast the rear bogie wheels (which made substantial cross-bracing necessary between the cylinders and the locomotive frame) and drove crank pins on the centre coupled axle.<ref>{{harvnb|Tuplin|1969|page=85}}</ref> Each of the four cylinders had its own set of Walschaerts valve gear.Other minor details, such as corks to close oil boxes, closely followed Great Western practice.{{citation needed|date=October 2025}} | ||
Other minor details, such as corks to close oil boxes, closely followed Great Western practice. | |||
== Construction == | == Construction == | ||
| Line 197: | Line 198: | ||
==Accidents and incidents== | ==Accidents and incidents== | ||
{{unreferenced section|date=October 2025}} | |||
{{Main|1948 Winsford railway accident}} | {{Main|1948 Winsford railway accident}} | ||
*On 17 April 1948, a passenger train hauled by locomotive No. 6207 ''Princess Arthur of Connaught'' was halted after a passenger pulled the [[communication cord]]. It was then hit from behind by a postal train, which a signalman's error had allowed into the section, resulting in the deaths of 24 passengers. | *On 17 April 1948, a passenger train hauled by locomotive No. 6207 ''Princess Arthur of Connaught'' was halted after a passenger pulled the [[communication cord]]. It was then hit from behind by a postal train, which a signalman's error had allowed into the section, resulting in the deaths of 24 passengers. | ||
| Line 203: | Line 205: | ||
== Naming == | == Naming == | ||
{{unreferenced section|date=October 2025}} | |||
Each locomotive was named after a princess, the official name for the class was chosen because [[Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood|Mary, Princess Royal]] was the Colonel-in-Chief of the [[Royal Scots]]. However, the locomotives were known to railwaymen as "Lizzies", after the second example of the class, named for Princess Elizabeth, who later became Queen [[Elizabeth II]]. Later examples of 4-6-2 express passenger locomotive built by the LMS were of the related but larger, [[LMS Coronation Class|Coronation Class]]. | Each locomotive was named after a princess, the official name for the class was chosen because [[Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood|Mary, Princess Royal]] was the Colonel-in-Chief of the [[Royal Scots]]. However, the locomotives were known to railwaymen as "Lizzies", after the second example of the class, named for Princess Elizabeth, who later became Queen [[Elizabeth II]]. Later examples of 4-6-2 express passenger locomotive built by the LMS were of the related but larger, [[LMS Coronation Class|Coronation Class]]. | ||
== Withdrawal == | == Withdrawal == | ||
The class was withdrawn in the early 1960s in line with British Railways' modernisation plan. | The class was withdrawn in the early 1960s in line with British Railways' modernisation plan.{{citation needed|date=October 2025}} | ||
{{Clear}} | {{Clear}} | ||
| Line 274: | Line 277: | ||
| {{dts|format=dmy|1961|11|25|}} | | {{dts|format=dmy|1961|11|25|}} | ||
| | | | ||
| Appeared in the 1930s classic documentary film ''[[No. 6207; A Study in Steel]]'' which showed the production of the locomotive from molten steel to the finished product. | | Appeared in the 1930s classic documentary film ''[[No. 6207; A Study in Steel]]'' which showed the production of the locomotive from molten steel to the finished product. Involved in the [[1948 Winsford railway accident]]. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 6208 | | 6208 | ||
| Line 318: | Line 321: | ||
==Preservation== | ==Preservation== | ||
{{more citations needed section|date=October 2025}} | |||
Two examples, 6201 ''Princess Elizabeth'' and 6203 ''Princess Margaret Rose'' are preserved and both have operated on the mainline in preservation. They were named after the two children of [[George VI|Prince Albert, Duke of York]] (later King George VI), and his wife, [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Elizabeth, Duchess of York]] (later Queen Elizabeth, and after the king's death, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother). Princess [[Elizabeth II|Elizabeth Alexandra Mary]] (later [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]]) was seven years old in 1933 when her namesake was built, and [[Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon|Princess Margaret Rose]] was nearly five in July 1935 when her namesake was completed. At the time, they were third and fourth in line to the throne. 'Princess Margaret Rose' is owned by The Princess Royal Class Locomotive Trust and is on static display at the West Shed Museum, Midland Railway-Butterley, Ripley, Derbyshire. | Two examples, 6201 ''Princess Elizabeth'' and 6203 ''Princess Margaret Rose'' are preserved and both have operated on the mainline in preservation. They were named after the two children of [[George VI|Prince Albert, Duke of York]] (later King George VI), and his wife, [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Elizabeth, Duchess of York]] (later Queen Elizabeth, and after the king's death, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother). Princess [[Elizabeth II|Elizabeth Alexandra Mary]] (later [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]]) was seven years old in 1933 when her namesake was built, and [[Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon|Princess Margaret Rose]] was nearly five in July 1935 when her namesake was completed. At the time, they were third and fourth in line to the throne. 'Princess Margaret Rose' is owned by The Princess Royal Class Locomotive Trust and is on static display at the West Shed Museum, Midland Railway-Butterley, Ripley, Derbyshire. | ||
| Line 395: | Line 399: | ||
* [http://www.6201.co.uk/ 6201 Princess Elizabeth Locomotive Society LTD] | * [http://www.6201.co.uk/ 6201 Princess Elizabeth Locomotive Society LTD] | ||
* [http://www.prclt.co.uk/ Princess Royal Locomotive Trust] | * [http://www.prclt.co.uk/ Princess Royal Locomotive Trust] | ||
* [http://www.railuk.info/steam/getsteam.php?row_id=10758 46201 in the Railuk database] | * [http://www.railuk.info/steam/getsteam.php?row_id=10758 46201 in the Railuk database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001184148/http://www.railuk.info/steam/getsteam.php?row_id=10758 |date=1 October 2022 }} | ||
* [http://www.railuk.info/steam/getsteam.php?row_id=10760 46203 in the Railuk database] | * [http://www.railuk.info/steam/getsteam.php?row_id=10760 46203 in the Railuk database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001184149/http://www.railuk.info/steam/getsteam.php?row_id=10760 |date=1 October 2022 }} | ||
* [http://www.butlinsmemories.com/other/locos.htm Butlins steam locomotives] | * [http://www.butlinsmemories.com/other/locos.htm Butlins steam locomotives] | ||
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YblqWGmIYTg ''6207 A Study In Steel''] at YouTube | * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YblqWGmIYTg ''6207 A Study In Steel''] at YouTube | ||
Latest revision as of 07:03, 3 December 2025
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Use British English Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Princess Royal Class is a class of express passenger 4-6-2 steam locomotive designed by William Stanier. Twelve examples were built at Crewe Works, between 1933 and 1935, for use on the West Coast Main Line. Two are preserved.
Overview
Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The designer of the class, William Stanier, had previously been Works Manager of the Great Western Railway's depot at Swindon Works, and had been recruited with a brief to replace the LMS's miscellany of locomotives inherited from its constituent companies. He made extensive use of Great Western features in his designs.
To match the power and speed and especially the prestige of the London and North Eastern Railway's express Pacific locomotives, Stanier designed the Princess Royal class almost as soon as he was appointed to the LMS.[1] When originally built, they were used to haul the famous Royal Scot train between London Euston and Glasgow Central.
Design
The class was based on GWR 111 The Great Bear, a design produced in 1907 for the Great Western by George Jackson Churchward.[2] The smokebox and cylinders were closely based on those of the GWR 6000 Class (also known as the King Class).[3] The inside cylinders were abreast the leading bogied wheels and drove cranks on the leading coupled axle, the outside cylinders were abreast the rear bogie wheels (which made substantial cross-bracing necessary between the cylinders and the locomotive frame) and drove crank pins on the centre coupled axle.[4] Each of the four cylinders had its own set of Walschaerts valve gear.Other minor details, such as corks to close oil boxes, closely followed Great Western practice.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Construction
A prototype batch of three locomotives was to be constructed in 1933. Two were constructed as drawn but the third set of frames was retained as the basis for an experimental turbine locomotive.[5][6][7]
Turbomotive
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The third prototype was constructed with the aid of the Swedish Ljungstrom turbine company and known as the Turbomotive, although not named. It was numbered 6202, in sequence with the Princess Royals. Although 'generally similar' to the rest of the Princess Royals,[5] and 'not all that much different',[8] it used a larger 40 element superheater to give a higher steam temperature, more suitable for turbine use.[6][9][note 1] This boiler was also domeless as would later be used for the second batch of the Princess Royals. The continuous exhaust of the turbine, rather than the sharper intermittent blast of the piston engine, also required changes to the draughting and the use of a double chimney.[10][11] It entered service in June 1935 on the London–Liverpool service.[12]
This Turbomotive was rebuilt in 1952 with conventional 'Coronation' cylinders and named Princess Anne, but was soon destroyed in the Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash.[11]
Later production
A second batch of eleven locomotives was constructed later.[13] The first two locomotives of the class to be produced had a firebox combustion volume too small for the grate area, and the subsequent locomotives had enlarged fireboxes.[3]
Accidents and incidents
Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- On 17 April 1948, a passenger train hauled by locomotive No. 6207 Princess Arthur of Connaught was halted after a passenger pulled the communication cord. It was then hit from behind by a postal train, which a signalman's error had allowed into the section, resulting in the deaths of 24 passengers.
- Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". On 21 September 1951, locomotive No. 46207 Princess Arthur of Connaught was hauling an express passenger train that was derailed at Weedon, Northamptonshire due to a defective front bogie on the locomotive. Fifteen people were killed and 35 were injured.
- Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". On 8 October 1952, locomotive No. 46202 Princess Anne was one of the locomotives on the 8:00 a.m express from Euston to Liverpool and Manchester, along with LMS Jubilee Class No. 45637 Windward Islands. Princess Anne took serious damage in the crash, having the leading bogie torn off and main frames buckled, and was scrapped after being deemed uneconomic to repair it.
Naming
Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Each locomotive was named after a princess, the official name for the class was chosen because Mary, Princess Royal was the Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Scots. However, the locomotives were known to railwaymen as "Lizzies", after the second example of the class, named for Princess Elizabeth, who later became Queen Elizabeth II. Later examples of 4-6-2 express passenger locomotive built by the LMS were of the related but larger, Coronation Class.
Withdrawal
The class was withdrawn in the early 1960s in line with British Railways' modernisation plan.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Details
.jpg){kind=link}
Preservation
Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Two examples, 6201 Princess Elizabeth and 6203 Princess Margaret Rose are preserved and both have operated on the mainline in preservation. They were named after the two children of Prince Albert, Duke of York (later King George VI), and his wife, Elizabeth, Duchess of York (later Queen Elizabeth, and after the king's death, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother). Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary (later Queen Elizabeth II) was seven years old in 1933 when her namesake was built, and Princess Margaret Rose was nearly five in July 1935 when her namesake was completed. At the time, they were third and fourth in line to the throne. 'Princess Margaret Rose' is owned by The Princess Royal Class Locomotive Trust and is on static display at the West Shed Museum, Midland Railway-Butterley, Ripley, Derbyshire.
Note: Loco numbers in bold mean their current number.
| Number | Name | Built | Withdrawn | Service Life | Livery | Location | Owners | Status | Mainline Certified | Photograph | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LMS | BR | |||||||||||
| 6201 | 46201 | Princess Elizabeth | Nov 1933 | Oct 1962 | 28 Years, 11 Months | LMS Crimson Lake (on completion) | Carnforth MPD | 6201 Princess Elizabeth Society | Under Overhaul [14] | No, to be certified | File:6201 Princess Elizabeth in Preston.jpg | Withdrawn July/August 2021 due to cracked firebox.
Mainline Standard overhaul commenced in September 2023.[15] |
| 6203 | 46203 | Princess Margaret Rose | Jul 1935 | Oct 1962 | 27 Years, 3 Months | BR Crimson Lake, Late Crest | Butterley | Princess Royal Class Locomotive Trust | Static Display | No | File:LMS 8P 4-6-2 46203 PMR Carlisle 22.09.94R edited-2.jpg | Last ran in 1996. |
Gallery
-
46201 Princess Elizabeth at Carlisle awaiting scrapping. The locomotive was later preserved.
-
Princess Margaret Rose at Swanwick West Shed in 2006.
Media
- 6201 at Langho on Whalley Bank – sound recording.
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ This trifurcated superheater design was later used on the Duchess class.[6]
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Work Start's on Lizzie's Overhaul Trackside issue 27 October 2023 page 6
- ↑ Work Start's on Lizzie's Overhaul Trackside issue 27 October 2023 page 6
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ian Sixsmith The Book of the Princess Royal Pacifics Template:ISBN
- Hugh Longworth British Railway Steam Locomotives 1948–1968 Template:ISBN
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- David Hunt, Bob Essery and Fred James LMS Locomotive Profiles No. 4: The "Princess Royal" Pacifics
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Further reading
- Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
External links
Script error: No such module "Side box".
- 6201 Princess Elizabeth Locomotive Society LTD
- Princess Royal Locomotive Trust
- 46201 in the Railuk database Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- 46203 in the Railuk database Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- Butlins steam locomotives
- 6207 A Study In Steel at YouTube
Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Authority control".