Cyprinus: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
imported>Tom.Reding m typo(s) fixed: 39-48 → 39–48 |
imported>Monkbot |
||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
'''''Cyprinus''''' {{IPAc-en|s|ᵻ|ˈ|p|r|aɪ|n|ə|s}} is the [[genus]] of '''typical carps''' in family [[Cyprinidae]]. Most species in the genus are of East Asia origin with only the [[common carp]] (''C. carpio'') in Western Asia and Europe; this [[invasive species]] has also been [[Introduced species|introduced]] to many other regions around the world.<ref>{{cite web | title = Cyprinus carpio | url = http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/speciesname/Cyprinus+carpio | publisher= [[ISSG]] | date = 4 October 2010 | access-date= 26 February 2017}}</ref> ''Cyprinus'' are closely related to some more [[barb (fish)|barb]]-like genera, such as ''[[Cyclocheilichthys]]'' and ''[[Barbonymus]]'' (tinfoils). The crucian carps (''[[Carassius]]'') of western [[Eurasia]], which include the [[goldfish]] (''C. auratus''), are apparently not as closely related.<ref>de Graaf ''et al.'' (2007)</ref> | '''''Cyprinus''''' {{IPAc-en|s|ᵻ|ˈ|p|r|aɪ|n|ə|s}} is the [[genus]] of '''typical carps''' in family [[Cyprinidae]]. Most species in the genus are of East Asia origin with only the [[common carp]] (''C. carpio'') in Western Asia and Europe; this [[invasive species]] has also been [[Introduced species|introduced]] to many other regions around the world.<ref>{{cite web | title = Cyprinus carpio | url = http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/speciesname/Cyprinus+carpio | publisher= [[ISSG]] | date = 4 October 2010 | access-date= 26 February 2017}}</ref> ''Cyprinus'' are closely related to some more [[barb (fish)|barb]]-like genera, such as ''[[Cyclocheilichthys]]'' and ''[[Barbonymus]]'' (tinfoils). The crucian carps (''[[Carassius]]'') of western [[Eurasia]], which include the [[goldfish]] (''C. auratus''), are apparently not as closely related.<ref>de Graaf ''et al.'' (2007)</ref> | ||
This genus's most widespread and well-known member is the common carp (''C. carpio'') [[species complex]]. Although traditionally considered a single species, recent authorities have split the European and West Asian populations from the East Asian, with the latter named ''[[Cyprinus rubrofuscus|C. rubrofuscus]]'' ([[syn.]] ''C. carpio haematopterus'').<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Huckstorf, V. |date=2012 |title=''Cyprinus rubrofuscus'' |volume=2012 | | This genus's most widespread and well-known member is the common carp (''C. carpio'') [[species complex]]. Although traditionally considered a single species, recent authorities have split the European and West Asian populations from the East Asian, with the latter named ''[[Cyprinus rubrofuscus|C. rubrofuscus]]'' ([[syn.]] ''C. carpio haematopterus'').<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Huckstorf, V. |date=2012 |title=''Cyprinus rubrofuscus'' |volume=2012 |article-number=e.T166052A1108337 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T166052A1108337.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{FishBase | genus = Cyprinus | species = rubrofuscus | id=59920 | month = February | year = 2017}}</ref> Members of the species complex are famed as a [[food fish]] and have been widely traded and introduced since [[ancient history|antiquity]], but in certain areas has multiplied inordinately and become a [[Pest (organism)|pest]]. In its long use it has been [[domesticated]], and a number of [[breed]]s have been developed for food and other purposes. The [[koi]] (from [[Japanese (language)|Japanese]] ''nishikigoi'', 錦鯉) are well-known carp breeds, [[Selective breeding|selectively bred]] for being enjoyed by spectators from above. Strictly speaking, ''koi'' is simply the Japanese name of the East Asian carp. | ||
The other [[species]] of typical carp are generally found in more restricted areas of eastern [[Asia]], centered on the [[Yunnan]] region. In some cases, they are [[Endemism|endemic]] to a single [[lake]], most notably [[Lake Erhai]], as well as [[Lake Dian]], [[Fuxian Lake]], [[Lake Jilu]], [[Lake Qilihu]], [[Lake Xingyun]] and [[Lake Yi-Lung]], which are all in Yunnan proper. Several of these species are seriously threatened and five are possibly already [[extinct]]: ''[[Cyprinus yilongensis|C. yilongensis]]'' (Lake Yi-Lung), ''[[Cyprinus yunnanensis|C. yunnanensis]]'' (Lake Qilihu), ''[[Cyprinus daliensis|C. daliensis]]'' (Lake Erhai), ''[[Cyprinus megalophthalmus|C. megalophthalmus]]'' (Lake Erhai) and ''[[Cyprinus fuxianensis|C. fuxianensis]]'' (Fuxian Lake).<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Zhou, W. |date=2011 |title=''Cyprinus yilongensis'' |volume=2011 | | The other [[species]] of typical carp are generally found in more restricted areas of eastern [[Asia]], centered on the [[Yunnan]] region. In some cases, they are [[Endemism|endemic]] to a single [[lake]], most notably [[Lake Erhai]], as well as [[Lake Dian]], [[Fuxian Lake]], [[Lake Jilu]], [[Lake Qilihu]], [[Lake Xingyun]] and [[Lake Yi-Lung]], which are all in Yunnan proper. Several of these species are seriously threatened and five are possibly already [[extinct]]: ''[[Cyprinus yilongensis|C. yilongensis]]'' (Lake Yi-Lung), ''[[Cyprinus yunnanensis|C. yunnanensis]]'' (Lake Qilihu), ''[[Cyprinus daliensis|C. daliensis]]'' (Lake Erhai), ''[[Cyprinus megalophthalmus|C. megalophthalmus]]'' (Lake Erhai) and ''[[Cyprinus fuxianensis|C. fuxianensis]]'' (Fuxian Lake).<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Zhou, W. |date=2011 |title=''Cyprinus yilongensis'' |volume=2011 |article-number=e.T6179A12546193 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T6179A12546193.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite iucn |author=Cui, K. |date=2011 |title=''Cyprinus yunnanensis'' |volume=2011 |article-number=e.T166169A6186294 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T166169A6186294.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref><ref>Wang, Wang, Li, Du, Yang, Lassoie, and Hassan (2013). ''Six decades of changes in vascular hydrophyte and fish species in three plateau lakes in Yunnan, China.'' Biodivers. Conserv. 22: 3197–3221. [[doi: 10.1007/s10531-013-0579-0]]</ref> | ||
== Species == | == Species == | ||
| Line 71: | Line 71: | ||
[[Category:Fauna of Yunnan]] | [[Category:Fauna of Yunnan]] | ||
[[Category:Extant Miocene first appearances]] | [[Category:Extant Miocene first appearances]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Animal taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]] | ||
[[Category:Freshwater fish genera]] | [[Category:Freshwater fish genera]] | ||
Latest revision as of 22:49, 30 September 2025
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Cyprinus Template:IPAc-en is the genus of typical carps in family Cyprinidae. Most species in the genus are of East Asia origin with only the common carp (C. carpio) in Western Asia and Europe; this invasive species has also been introduced to many other regions around the world.[1] Cyprinus are closely related to some more barb-like genera, such as Cyclocheilichthys and Barbonymus (tinfoils). The crucian carps (Carassius) of western Eurasia, which include the goldfish (C. auratus), are apparently not as closely related.[2]
This genus's most widespread and well-known member is the common carp (C. carpio) species complex. Although traditionally considered a single species, recent authorities have split the European and West Asian populations from the East Asian, with the latter named C. rubrofuscus (syn. C. carpio haematopterus).[3][4] Members of the species complex are famed as a food fish and have been widely traded and introduced since antiquity, but in certain areas has multiplied inordinately and become a pest. In its long use it has been domesticated, and a number of breeds have been developed for food and other purposes. The koi (from Japanese nishikigoi, 錦鯉) are well-known carp breeds, selectively bred for being enjoyed by spectators from above. Strictly speaking, koi is simply the Japanese name of the East Asian carp.
The other species of typical carp are generally found in more restricted areas of eastern Asia, centered on the Yunnan region. In some cases, they are endemic to a single lake, most notably Lake Erhai, as well as Lake Dian, Fuxian Lake, Lake Jilu, Lake Qilihu, Lake Xingyun and Lake Yi-Lung, which are all in Yunnan proper. Several of these species are seriously threatened and five are possibly already extinct: C. yilongensis (Lake Yi-Lung), C. yunnanensis (Lake Qilihu), C. daliensis (Lake Erhai), C. megalophthalmus (Lake Erhai) and C. fuxianensis (Fuxian Lake).[5][6][7]
Species
The following species are currently recognized in the genus.[8]
- Cyprinus acutidorsalis H. L. Chen & H. Q. Huang, 1977
- Cyprinus barbatus H. L. Chen & H. Q. Huang, 1977
- Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 File:Common carp (white background).jpg
- Cyprinus chilia H. W. Wu, G. R. Yang, P. Q. Yue & H. J. Huang, 1963
- Cyprinus dai (V. H. Nguyễn & L. H. Doan, 1969)
- Cyprinus daliensis H. L. Chen & H. Q. Huang, 1977
- Cyprinus exophthalmus Đ. Y. Mai, 1978
- Cyprinus fuxianensis Yang et al., 1977
- Cyprinus hieni T. T. Nguyen & A. T. Ho, 2003
- Cyprinus hyperdorsalis V. H. Nguyễn, 1991
- Cyprinus ilishaestomus H. L. Chen & H. Q. Huang, 1977
- Cyprinus intha Annandale, 1918
- Cyprinus longipectoralis H. L. Chen & H. Q. Huang, 1977
- Cyprinus longzhouensis Y. J. Yang & H. Q. Huang, 1977
- Cyprinus megalophthalmus H. W. Wu et al., 1963
- Cyprinus melanes (Đ. Y. Mai, 1978)
- Cyprinus micristius Regan, 1906
- Cyprinus multitaeniatus Pellegrin & Chevey, 1936
- Cyprinus pellegrini T. L. Tchang, 1933
- Cyprinus qionghaiensis C. H. Liu, 1981
- Cyprinus quidatensis T. T. Nguyen, V. T. Le, T. B. Le & X. K. Nguyễn, 1999
- Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacépède, 1803 File:Cyprinus rubrofuscus Bleeker.jpg
- †Cyprinus yilongensis Yang et al., 1977
- Cyprinus yunnanensis T. L. Tchang, 1933
.jpg){kind=link}
Fossil species
- †Cyprinus priscus von Meyer (fossil species from Miocene Germany)
Footnotes
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ de Graaf et al. (2007)
- ↑ Template:Cite iucn
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Cite taxon".
- ↑ Template:Cite iucn
- ↑ Template:Cite iucn
- ↑ Wang, Wang, Li, Du, Yang, Lassoie, and Hassan (2013). Six decades of changes in vascular hydrophyte and fish species in three plateau lakes in Yunnan, China. Biodivers. Conserv. 22: 3197–3221. doi: 10.1007/s10531-013-0579-0
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Cite taxon".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
References
Template:Sister project Template:Sister project
- <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>de Graaf, Martin; Megens, Hendrik-Jan; Samallo, Johannis & Sibbing, Ferdinand A. (2007): Evolutionary origin of Lake Tana's (Ethiopia) small Barbus species: indications of rapid ecological divergence and speciation. Anim. Biol. 57(1): 39–48. Script error: No such module "CS1 identifiers". (HTML abstract)