CD ripper: Difference between revisions
imported>Kvng Undid revision 1290056546 by Danhash (talk) already linked |
imported>Kvng review: WP:DUPLINK. MOS:TERM. clarification. |
||
| (One intermediate revision by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
{{Refimprove|date=July 2009}} | {{Refimprove|date=July 2009}} | ||
{{Use American English|date=February 2020}} | {{Use American English|date=February 2020}} | ||
[[File: | [[File:Freac_1.1.5_screenshot.png|thumb|[[fre:ac]], a CD extractor and audio converter]] | ||
A '''CD ripper''' is [[software]] that [[ripping|extracts]] raw [[digital audio]] in [[Compact Disc Digital Audio]] format tracks on a [[compact disc]] to standard computer sound files, such as [[WAV]] or [[MP3]]. | A '''CD ripper''' is [[software]] that [[ripping|extracts]] raw [[digital audio]] in [[Compact Disc Digital Audio]] format tracks on a [[compact disc]] to standard computer sound files, such as [[WAV]] or [[MP3]]. | ||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
In the early days of computer CD-ROM drives and audio compression mechanisms (such as [[MPEG-1 Audio Layer II|MP2]]), CD [[ripping]] was considered undesirable by copyright holders, with some attempting to retrofit copy protection into the [[ISO 9660]] standard. As time progressed, most music publishers became more open to the idea that since individuals had bought the music, they should be able to create a copy for their own personal use on their own computer. | In the early days of computer CD-ROM drives and audio compression mechanisms (such as [[MPEG-1 Audio Layer II|MP2]]), CD [[ripping]] was considered undesirable by copyright holders, with some attempting to retrofit copy protection into the [[ISO 9660]] standard. As time progressed, most music publishers became more open to the idea that since individuals had bought the music, they should be able to create a copy for their own personal use on their own computer. | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
==Design== | ==Design== | ||
As an intermediate step, some ripping programs save the extracted audio in a [[lossless]] format such as [[WAV]] | As an intermediate step, some ripping programs save the extracted audio in a [[lossless]] format such as [[WAV]]. The extracted audio can then be encoded with a [[lossy codec]] like [[MP3]]. The encoded files are more compact and are suitable for playback on [[portable media player]]s. | ||
Most ripping programs will assist in tagging the encoded files with [[metadata]]. The MP3 file format, for example, | Most ripping programs will assist in tagging the encoded files with [[metadata]]. The MP3 file format, for example, supports [[ID3 tag]] with title, artist, album and track number information. Some will try to identify the disc being ripped by looking up network services like [[AMG LASSO|LASSO]], [[FreeDB]], [[Gracenote]]'s [[CDDB]], or [[MusicBrainz]], or attempt text extraction if [[CD-Text]] has been stored. | ||
When the user's end goal is to produce a CD copy of a CD, some all-in-one ripping programs can simplify the process by ripping and [[Optical disc authoring|burning]] the audio to disc in one step. | |||
Not all CD rippers read or copy [[Compact Disc subcode | Not all CD rippers read or copy [[Compact Disc subcode]]s, a fact exploited by several types of [[digital rights management]] (DRM) and [[Compact Disc and DVD copy protection|copy protection]] to prevent successful copying of discs or to prevent effective use of software copied from discs. [[CloneCD]] is able to copy subcode data to bypass certain types of DRM. | ||
==Difficulties in obtaining accurate reproductions== | ==Difficulties in obtaining accurate reproductions== | ||
Ripping a CD to audio files that will faithfully reproduce the same CD if | Ripping a CD to audio files that will faithfully reproduce the same CD if burned again is not trivial. Such a rip (along with a [[Cue sheet (computing)|cue sheet file]] and other metadata describing the layout of the files on the disc) is sometimes referred to as an ''accurate'', ''perfect'' or ''secure'' rip.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-05-28 |title=DAD/Rip – Thomas |url=https://thomas.apestaart.org/thomas/trac/wiki/DAD/Rip |access-date=2025-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528213242/https://thomas.apestaart.org/thomas/trac/wiki/DAD/Rip |archive-date=28 May 2016 }}</ref> Some CD ripping software is specifically intended to provide accurate rips, including [[CloneCD]], [[Exact Audio Copy]], [[cdda2wav]], [[CDex]], [[cdparanoia]]. There is also a reference database with [[Hash function|hash values]] of known good rips that can be used to confirm a successful rip and in some cases calibrate parameters for a CD drive.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AccurateRip |url=https://accuraterip.com/ |access-date=2025-03-31 |website=accuraterip.com}}</ref> | ||
In the context of | In the context of digital audio extraction from [[compact disc]]s, ''seek jitter'' causes extracted [[Sampling (signal processing)|audio samples]] to be doubled-up or skipped entirely when the drive re-seeks. The problem occurs because the [[Red Book (audio CD standard)|Red Book]] standard does not require block-accurate addressing during seeking.{{efn|Due to additional sector level addressing added in the [[Yellow Book (CD standard)|Yellow Book]], [[CD-ROM]] data discs are not subject to seek jitter.}} As a result, the extraction process may restart a few samples early or late, resulting in doubled or omitted samples. These glitches often sound like tiny repeating clicks during playback. A successful approach to correction in software involves performing overlapping reads and fitting the data to match the overlaping sections. Professional CD duplication avoids seek jitter by extracting the entire disc in one continuous read operation, using special CD drive models at slower speeds so the drive does not re-seek.<!--[[User:Kvng/RTH]]--> | ||
Properties of an optical drive helping in achieving a perfect rip are a small sample offset (at best zero), no [[jitter]], no or deactivatable [[cache (computing)|caching]], and a correct implementation and feed-back of the C1 and [[C2 error|C2]] error states. There are databases listing these features for multiple brands and versions of optical drives. Also, [[Exact Audio Copy|EAC]] has the ability to autodetect some of these features by a test-rip of a known reference CD.<ref name="daefeatures">[http://www.daefeatures.co.uk/faq.php DAE Drive Features Database - FAQ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060116031732/http://www.daefeatures.co.uk/faq.php|date=2006-01-16}} (2007)</ref> | Properties of an optical drive helping in achieving a perfect rip are a small sample offset (at best zero), no [[jitter]], no or deactivatable [[cache (computing)|caching]], and a correct implementation and feed-back of the C1 and [[C2 error|C2]] error states. There are databases listing these features for multiple brands and versions of optical drives. Also, [[Exact Audio Copy|EAC]] has the ability to autodetect some of these features by a test-rip of a known reference CD.<ref name="daefeatures">[http://www.daefeatures.co.uk/faq.php DAE Drive Features Database - FAQ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060116031732/http://www.daefeatures.co.uk/faq.php|date=2006-01-16}} (2007)</ref> | ||
| Line 49: | Line 49: | ||
;[[Mac OS X]]: | ;[[Mac OS X]]: | ||
{{div col|colwidth=20em}} | {{div col|colwidth=20em}} | ||
*[[cdparanoia]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.xiph.org/paranoia/ |title=''cdparanoia''}}</ref> | *[[cdparanoia]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.xiph.org/paranoia/ |title=''cdparanoia'' |access-date=2020-03-30 |archive-date=1999-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991006105044/https://www.xiph.org/paranoia/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
*[[fre:ac]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.freac.org |title=''fre:ac''}}</ref> | *[[fre:ac]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.freac.org/ |title=''fre:ac'' |access-date=2020-03-30 |archive-date=2010-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101117155906/https://www.freac.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
*[[iTunes]] | *[[iTunes]] | ||
*[[VLC media player]] | *[[VLC media player]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:10, 20 October 2025
Template:Short description Template:Refimprove Template:Use American English
A CD ripper is software that extracts raw digital audio in Compact Disc Digital Audio format tracks on a compact disc to standard computer sound files, such as WAV or MP3.
A more formal term used for the process of ripping audio CDs is digital audio extraction (DAE).
History
In the early days of computer CD-ROM drives and audio compression mechanisms (such as MP2), CD ripping was considered undesirable by copyright holders, with some attempting to retrofit copy protection into the ISO 9660 standard. As time progressed, most music publishers became more open to the idea that since individuals had bought the music, they should be able to create a copy for their own personal use on their own computer.
Etymology
The Jargon File entry for rip notes that the term originated in Amiga slang, where it referred to the extraction of multimedia content from program data.[1]
Design
As an intermediate step, some ripping programs save the extracted audio in a lossless format such as WAV. The extracted audio can then be encoded with a lossy codec like MP3. The encoded files are more compact and are suitable for playback on portable media players.
Most ripping programs will assist in tagging the encoded files with metadata. The MP3 file format, for example, supports ID3 tag with title, artist, album and track number information. Some will try to identify the disc being ripped by looking up network services like LASSO, FreeDB, Gracenote's CDDB, or MusicBrainz, or attempt text extraction if CD-Text has been stored.
When the user's end goal is to produce a CD copy of a CD, some all-in-one ripping programs can simplify the process by ripping and burning the audio to disc in one step.
Not all CD rippers read or copy Compact Disc subcodes, a fact exploited by several types of digital rights management (DRM) and copy protection to prevent successful copying of discs or to prevent effective use of software copied from discs. CloneCD is able to copy subcode data to bypass certain types of DRM.
Difficulties in obtaining accurate reproductions
Ripping a CD to audio files that will faithfully reproduce the same CD if burned again is not trivial. Such a rip (along with a cue sheet file and other metadata describing the layout of the files on the disc) is sometimes referred to as an accurate, perfect or secure rip.[2] Some CD ripping software is specifically intended to provide accurate rips, including CloneCD, Exact Audio Copy, cdda2wav, CDex, cdparanoia. There is also a reference database with hash values of known good rips that can be used to confirm a successful rip and in some cases calibrate parameters for a CD drive.[3]
In the context of digital audio extraction from compact discs, seek jitter causes extracted audio samples to be doubled-up or skipped entirely when the drive re-seeks. The problem occurs because the Red Book standard does not require block-accurate addressing during seeking.Template:Efn As a result, the extraction process may restart a few samples early or late, resulting in doubled or omitted samples. These glitches often sound like tiny repeating clicks during playback. A successful approach to correction in software involves performing overlapping reads and fitting the data to match the overlaping sections. Professional CD duplication avoids seek jitter by extracting the entire disc in one continuous read operation, using special CD drive models at slower speeds so the drive does not re-seek.
Properties of an optical drive helping in achieving a perfect rip are a small sample offset (at best zero), no jitter, no or deactivatable caching, and a correct implementation and feed-back of the C1 and C2 error states. There are databases listing these features for multiple brands and versions of optical drives. Also, EAC has the ability to autodetect some of these features by a test-rip of a known reference CD.[4]
Examples
Notable CD ripper applications include the following ones:
- Audiograbber
- CDex
- CloneCD
- Exact Audio Copy
- foobar2000
- fre:ac
- iTunes
- JRiver Media Center
- MediaMonkey
- Musicmatch Jukebox
- VLC media player
- Winamp
- Windows Media Player
See also
Notes
References
External links
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ DAE Drive Features Database - FAQ Template:Webarchive (2007)
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".