One-party state: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:20, 11 November 2025

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A one-party state, single-party state, one-party system or single-party system is a governance structure in which only a single political party controls the ruling system.^[1] In a one-party state, all opposition parties are either outlawed or have limited and controlled participation in elections. The term "de facto one-party " is sometimes used to describe a dominant-party system that, unlike a one-party state, allows (at least nominally) multiparty elections, but the existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning power.^[2]

Membership in the ruling party tends to be relatively small compared to the population.^[3] Rather, they give out private goods to fellow elites to ensure continued support. One-party, compared to dominant-party dictatorships, structure themselves unlike democracies. They also turn into multi-party democracies at a lower rate than dominant-party dictatorships.^[4] While one-party states prohibit opposition parties, some allow for independent candidates to stand for election in competition with party candidates. Therefore, they place elites and sympathetic candidates in key administrative races.^[5] For example, the Chinese Communist Party exercises political control by infiltrating village administrations.^[6] They view these positions as crucial for gathering information on the population and maintaining a presence in the far reaches of their borders.^[7]

One-party states recognize the trade-off between election victory and gathering valuable data.^[8] To account for this, the regimes have been observed placing local nobility in easy-to-win races.^[9] One-party states have also been observed using elections to ensure that only the most popular elites get chosen to office.^[10] They also gather data from elections to indicate if a local official is performing poorly in the eyes of the residents.^[10] This gives locals the opportunity to monitor local officials and communicate satisfaction with the local government.^[10] Throughout the country, members of the one party hold key political positions.^[4] In doing so, the party avoids committing outright fraud and rather sustains their power at the local level with strategic appointment of elites.^[7] Data on one-party regimes can be difficult to gather given their lack of transparency.^[5]

Current one-party states

The following countries are legally constituted as one-party states:

Country	Head of party	Leader title	Party	Ideology	Date of establishment	Duration	Constitutional basis	Notes
Template:Flagicon image China^[11]	File:Xi Jinping 2025 (cropped).jpg Xi Jinping	General Secretary	Template:CCP flag	Socialism with Chinese characteristics Marxism-Leninism	1 October 1949	Template:Ayd	Article 1 of the Constitution: "Leadership by the Communist Party of China is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics."^[12]	Eight minor parties have legal status as part of the "united front" system, but their leadership is determined by the Chinese Communist Party's United Front Work Department^[13]
Template:Flagicon image Cuba^[14]	File:24.01.2023 - Encontro com o Presidente da República de Cuba, Miguel Díaz-Canel - 52647526820 (cropped).jpg Miguel Díaz-Canel	First Secretary	Template:Flagicon image Communist Party of Cuba	Marxism–Leninism Castroism Guevarism Left-wing nationalism	3 October 1965	Template:Ayd	Article 5 of the Constitution: "The Communist Party of Cuba, unique, Martiano, Fidelista, and Marxist-Leninist, the organized vanguard of the Cuban nation, sustained in its democratic character as well as its permanent linkage to the people, is the superior driving force of the society and the State."
Template:Flagicon image Eritrea^[15]	File:Isaias Afwerki 2024 (cropped).jpg Isaias Afwerki	Chairperson	Template:Flagicon image People's Front for Democracy and Justice	Eritrean nationalism Statism Left-wing nationalism	16 February 1994	Template:Ayd
Template:Flagicon image Laos^[16]	File:Thongloun Sisoulith (cropped, 2024) 01.jpg Thongloun Sisoulith	General Secretary	Template:Flagicon image Lao People's Revolutionary Party	Kaysone Phomvihane Thought Marxism-Leninism	2 December 1975	Template:Ayd	Article 3 of the Constitution: "The rights of the multi-ethnic people to be the masters of the country are exercised and ensured through the functioning of the political system with the Lao People's Revolutionary Party as its leading nucleus."
Template:Flagicon image North Korea^[17]	File:Kim Jong-un and Vladimir Putin (2023-09-13) 12 (cropped).jpg Kim Jong Un	General Secretary	Template:Flagicon image Workers' Party of Korea	Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism Juche	9 September 1948	Template:Ayd	Article 11 of the Constitution: "The Democratic People's Republic of Korea shall conduct all activities under the leadership of the Workers' Party of Korea."	Two minor parties are legally recognised, but are under the control of the Workers' Party of Korea^[18]
Template:Flagicon image Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	File:Brahim Ghali 2.jpeg Brahim Ghali	Secretary General	Template:Flagicon image Polisario Front	Sahrawi nationalism Arab socialism	27 February 1976	Template:Ayd	Article 32 of the Constitution: "Until the complete recovery of national sovereignty, the Frente POLISARIO shall be the political framework that shall unite and mobilise politically the Sahrawis to express their aspirations and legitimate rights to self-determination and independence and to defend their national unity and complete the building of their independent Sahrawi State."	State with limited recognition, headquartered in Algeria
Template:Flagicon image Vietnam^[19]	File:Keir Starmer meets Tô Lâm 29-10-2025 (6) (cropped).jpg Tô Lâm	General Secretary	Template:Flagicon image Communist Party of Vietnam	Ho Chi Minh Thought Marxism-Leninism	2 September 1945Template:NoteTag	Template:Ayd	Article 4 of the Constitution: " Communist Party of Vietnam - the Vanguard of the working class, concurrently the vanguard of the labouring people and Vietnamese nation, faithfully representing the interests of the working class, labouring people and entire nation, and acting upon the Marxist-Leninist doctrine and Ho Chi Minh Thought, is the force leading the State and society."	Two minor parties, the Democratic Party of Vietnam and Socialist Party of Vietnam, had legal status within the Vietnam Fatherland Front until 1988

De facto one-party states

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". A de facto one-party system is one that, while not officially linking a single political party to governmental power, utilizes some means of political manipulation to ensure only one party stays in power.^[20] Many different countries have been claimed to be de facto one-party states, with differing levels of agreement between scholars, although most agree that the African continent is marked by this political system.^[21]^[22]^[23] Below are just a few examples of governments that have been claimed to have single party rule due to political manipulation.


Country	Party	Date of establishment	Information
Template:Country data Azerbaijan	New Azerbaijan Party	2010	Although Azerbaijan is officially a constitutional democracy, and opposition parties remain active within the country, the New Azerbaijan Party and the ruling Aliyev family have maintained power uninterrupted since 1993. Founded by Heydar Aliyev, the former head of state of the Azerbaijan SSR, his son Ilham Aliyev has maintained the presidential position since 2003. Aliyev amended the Constitution to remove term limits in 2009, and while presidential elections are held, Aliyev consistently receives over 80% of the vote. Legislatively, the National Assembly has nominal powers under the Azerbaijan Constitution, but in practice power is heavily concentrated in the ruling party. Between 1993 and 2010, major opposition parties were allowed some representation in the Assembly in each election. However, since 2010, no opposition parties have held seats in the Assembly. There are nominal opposition parties and independents but they are supportive of the Aliyev regime.^[24]^[25] Consequently, parliamentary elections are not considered free or fair.^[26]^[25]
Template:Country data Cambodia	Cambodian People's Party	2017	While Cambodia is constitutionally a multi-party state,^[27] the Cambodian People's Party dominates its political system, and the party dissolved its main opposition party in 2017, making Cambodia a de facto one-party state.^[28]
Template:Country data Cameroon	Cameroon People's Democratic Movement	1997	Although multiparty elections have been held since 1992 and other parties have minimal legislative seats, the Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (RDPC), the ruling party since independence, has always retained control of the National Assembly. The Cameroonian political system invests overwhelming power in the hands of the President of the Republic, Paul Biya, and the RDPC exists essentially to support Biya and his policies. The RDPC has held supermajorities in the National Assembly since 2002, and in the Senate since its formation in 2013.
Template:Country data Equatorial Guinea	Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea	2013	Equatorial Guinea, historically a one party-state under the PDGE from 1987–1992, has one nominal opposition party with the Convergence for Social Democracy. However, the opposition has only held at most 2 seats in the Chamber of Deputies since 1999, and had held no seats in neither the Chamber of Deputies or the Senate since 2013. The PDGE, by comparison, has held all seats in the Senate since 2013 and in the Chamber of Deputies since 2022.
Template:Country data Nicaragua	Sandinista National Liberation Front	2021	Although Nicaragua has been practicing multiparty elections since 1990, the country has become a de facto one-party state with Sandinista National Liberation Front as the sole dominating party and was consolidated after the 2021 Nicaraguan general election.^[29]
Template:Country data Rwanda	Rwandan Patriotic Front	1994	Although Rwanda nominally allows for multiparty elections, they are manipulated in various ways, which include the banning of opposition parties, the arrests or assassinations of critics, and electoral fraud.^[30]^[31]
Template:Country data Togo	Union for the Republic	2024	The official continuation of the Rally of the Togolese People, which ruled Togo as a one-party state under Gnassingbe Eyadema from 1967–1994, the Union for the Republic has maintained power under Eyadema's son, Faure Gnassingbe, since its establishment in 2012. Although opposition parties exist within the country and other parties nominally hold seats in the National Assembly, the Union for the Republic has maintained an absolute majority since 2018 due to opposition boycotts while other represented parties only expedite the ruling party's legislation. This is demonstrated by the legislature's extension of Gnassingbe's term limit in 2019, extending it to 2030. With the 2024 Togolese parliamentary election, the UPLR received 108 seats out of 113, while also enabling Gnassingbe's revision of the Constitution to name him the "President of the Council of Ministers". With this position elected directly by Parliament over popular vote, the outright lack of term limits, and the removal of presidential powers from the President in favor of Gnassingbe directly, the party solidified Gnassingbe to rule for life like his father previously.
Template:Country data Venezuela^[32]	United Socialist Party of Venezuela	2017	Since 2014, the country has been going through a period of crisis of legitimacy and exceptionality due to the order to close the National Assembly and the convocation of a Constituent Assembly by Nicolás Maduro on May 1, 2017, composed mostly of PSUV politicians. Since then, different laws have been approved to restrict political participation, including informal persecution and the disqualification of certain politicians (including complaints of electoral fraud), concluding in 2024, at which point, because of new laws, the majority of opposition politicians have been disqualified and their organizations banned, leaving only a controlled opposition.^[33]^[34]
Template:Country data Russia	United Russia	2009	As of 2009, United Russia won a majority of seats in almost every Russian municipality. Opposition candidates stated they were hindered from campaigning for the elections, and some were denied places on the ballot. There were allegations of widespread ballot stuffing and voter intimidation, as well as statistical analysis results supporting these accusations.

Former one-party states

Country	Party	Ideology	Date of establishment	Date of dissolution	Duration	Continent
Template:Flagicon image Republic of Afghanistan	National Revolutionary Party	Pashtun nationalism Pashtunization Republicanism Secularism	Template:Dts^[35]^[36]	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Democratic Republic of Afghanistan	Template:Flagicon image People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan-Khalq	Communism Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Pashtun nationalism Anti-imperialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Democratic Republic of Afghanistan/Republic of Afghanistan	Template:Flagicon image People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan-Parcham (National Fatherland Front)	Communism (until 1990) Marxism–Leninism (until 1990) Afghan nationalism Anti-imperialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Albanian Kingdom	Template:Flagicon image Albanian Fascist Party	Albanian nationalism Greater Albania Fascism Italophilia Serbophobia Hellenophobia	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Albanian Kingdom	Guard of Greater Albania	Albanian nationalism Fascism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Albanian Kingdom	National Front	Albanian nationalism Greater Albania Anti-communism Republicanism Big tent Agrarian socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Democratic Government of Albania	Template:Flagicon image Party of Labour of Albania (National Liberation Movement)	Communism Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism Albanian nationalism State atheism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Democratic Government of Albania	Template:Flagicon image Party of Labour of Albania (Democratic Front)		Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Albania			Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Country data Algeria	Template:Flagicon image National Liberation Front	Arab socialism Algerian nationalism Pan-Arabism Anti-imperialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon People's Republic of Angola	Template:Flagicon image People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola	Communism Left-wing nationalism Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Armenia	Communist Party of Armenia	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Transcaucasia	Communist Party of Armenia	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Federal State of Austria	Template:Flagicon image Fatherland Front	Clerical fascism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Azerbaijan	Azerbaijan Communist Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Transcaucasia	Azerbaijan Communist Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Country data Bangladesh	Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League	Mujibism Bengali nationalism Socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Country data Bangladesh	Jatiya Party	Bangladeshi nationalism Conservatism Authoritarianism Militarism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Dahomey	Dahomeyan Democratic Party	African nationalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon Benin	Template:Flagicon image People's Revolutionary Party of Benin	Communism Marxism–Leninism (nominally)	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia	Template:Flagicon image National Partnership	Collaborationism, Nazism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Bulgaria	Template:Flagicon image Bulgarian Communist Party (Fatherland Front)	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image State of Burma	Dobama Sinyetha Asi Ayon^[37]		Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image State of Burma	Maha Bama Asi Ayon^[38]		Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon Burma	Template:Flagicon image Burma Socialist Programme Party	Burmese Way to Socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Republic of Burundi	Template:Flagicon image Union for National Progress	Burundian nationalism Tutsi interests	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Byelorussia	Communist Party of Byelorussia	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Country data Cambodia (Sangkum era)	Sangkum	Khmer nationalism National conservatism Royalism Statism Buddhist socialism Economic nationalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Kampuchea	Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party	Communism Socialism Marxism–Leninism Revisionism Left-wing nationalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Republic of Cameroon	Cameroonian National Union	Big tent	Template:Dts^[39]	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Cameroon	Cameroon People's Democratic Movement	Big tent Nationalism Francophilia	1975	1990	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Cape Verde	Template:Flagicon image African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Cape Verde	Template:Flagicon image African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Carpatho-Ukraine	Template:Ill^[40]	Nationalism^[41]	Template:Dts^[42]	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Country data Central African Republic	Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa	African nationalism Anti-colonialism Progressivism Anti-imperialism	1962	1980	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Central African Republic	Central African Democratic Union	African nationalism Republicanism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Central African Republic	Central African Democratic Rally	African nationalism Democratic socialism Social democracy Republicanism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts^[43]	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Chad	Chadian Progressive Party	African nationalism Pan-Africanism Anti-imperialism African socialism Federalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Chad	National Movement for the Cultural and Social Revolution	African nationalism Pan-Africanism Anti-imperialism African socialism Federalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Chad	National Union for Independence and Revolution	Nationalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Guangzhou	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism	1927	1927		Asia
Hunan	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism	1927	1927		Asia
Jinggang	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism	1927	1928	Template:Ayd	Asia
Southwest Jiangxi	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism	1930	1931	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Chinese Soviet Republic	Template:Flagicon image Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Xinjiang	People's Anti-Imperialist Association	Six Great Policies	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Country data Republic of China (1912-1949)Template:NoteTag/Taiwan	Template:Flagicon image Kuomintang	Tridemism	Template:DTS	Template:DTS	Template:Ayd	Asia
Yan'an	Chinese Communist Party	Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism	1937	1949	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Country data Comoros	Comorian Union for Progress	Nationalism	1982	1990	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon People's Republic of the Congo	Congolese Party of Labour	Communism, Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Tinoquista Costa Rica	Peliquista Party	Nationalism Personalism Authoritarianism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	North America
Template:Flagicon Czechoslovakia	Template:Flagicon image Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (National Front)	Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism Husakism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Dahomey	Dahomeyan Unity Party	African nationalism Republicanism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Danzig	Template:Flagicon image Nazi Party	Nazism	Template:Dts^[44]^[45]	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Country data Djibouti	People's Rally for Progress	Issa interests	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon Dominican Republic	Dominican Party	Trujillism National conservatism Right-wing populism Antihaitianismo	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	North America
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon East Germany	Template:Flagicon image Socialist Unity Party of Germany (Democratic Bloc)	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon East Germany	Template:Flagicon image Socialist Unity Party of Germany (National Front of the German Democratic Republic)	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Country data Egypt	Liberation Rally	Egyptian nationalism Pan-Arabism Socialism	Template:Dts	1957	Template:Ayd	Africa
	National Union	Nasserism Pan-Arabism Socialism	1957	1962	Template:Ayd	Africa
	Arab Socialist Union	Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan-Arabism Nasserism	1961	1976	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon El Salvador	Template:Flagicon image National Pro Patria Party	Fascism Anti-communism Conservatism Agrarian oligarchy	1933	1944	Template:Ayd	Central America
Template:Country data Equatorial Guinea	United National Workers' Party	African nationalism Personalism Anti-imperialism Anti-colonialism Anti-racism Pan-Africanism Anti-intellectualism Totalitarianism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Equatorial Guinea	Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea	African nationalism Militarism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Eritrea	Template:Flagicon image Eritrean People's Liberation Front	Left-wing nationalism	1991 (Provisional government) 1993 (Recognized state)	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Estonia	Patriotic League (National Front for the Implementation of the Constitution)	Estonian nationalism Personalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Estonia	Communist Party of Estonia	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Ethiopia	Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Ethiopia	Template:Flagicon image Workers' Party of Ethiopia	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Gabon	Gabonese Democratic Party	Conservatism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon image Georgia	Communist Party of Georgia	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Transcaucasia	Communist Party of Georgia	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Nazi Germany	Template:Flagicon image National Socialist German Workers' Party	Nazism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Reich Commissariat for the Occupied Dutch Territories	Template:Flagicon image National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands	Collaborationism, Dutch irredentism, Dutch nationalism and Nazism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Country data Ghana	Convention People's Party	Nkrumaism African socialism African nationalism Pan-Africanism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Flagicon Grenada	New Jewel Movement	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	North America
Template:Flagicon Guatemala	Progressive Liberal Party	Ubicoism Liberalism Nationalism Anti-communism	1931	1944		Central America
Template:Flagicon Guatemala	Template:Flagicon image National Liberation Movement	Neo-fascism Ultraconservatism Anti-communism	1954	1958		Central America
Template:Country data Guinea	Democratic Party of Guinea – African Democratic Rally	African nationalism African socialism Pan-Africanism	1960	1984		Africa
Template:Country data Guinea-Bissau	African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde	Communism Marxism–Leninism	1974	1991		Africa
Template:Flagicon Haiti	Template:Flagicon image National Unity Party	Black nationalism Haitian nationalism Right-wing populism Anti-communism Anti-Americanism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	North America
Template:Flagdeco Hawaii	Reform Party	Americanisation Annexationism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	North America
Template:Flagicon image Government of National Unity	Template:Flagicon image Arrow Cross Party	Magyarism Fascism Collaborationism Agrarianism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagd Template:Flagd Template:Flagd Hungary	Template:Flagicon image Hungarian Working People's Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism Stalinism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagd Template:Flagd Template:Flagicon image Hungary	Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism Kádárism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Country data Indonesia	Indonesian National Party	Nationalism Marhaenism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon Imperial State of Iran	Rastakhiz Party	Monarchism Populism Secularism Democratic centralism Third Position	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Iraq	Iraqi Arab Socialist Union	Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan-Arabism Nasserism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Iraq	Template:Flagicon image Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party	Saddamist Ba'athism Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan-Arabism Militarism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Fascist Italy	Template:Flagicon image National Fascist Party	Fascism Corporatism Ultranationalism Totalitarianism	Template:Dts^[46]	Template:Dts		Europe/Africa
Template:Flagicon image Italian Social Republic	Template:Flagicon image Republican Fascist Party	Fascism Corporatism Ultranationalism Totalitarianism Antisemitism Collaborationism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Country data Ivory Coast	Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally	African nationalism Conservatism Populism Houphouëtism Pan-Africanism	1960	1990		Africa
Template:Flagicon image Empire of Japan	Imperial Rule Assistance Association	Shōwa statism Militarism	1940	1945		Asia
Template:Flagicon image Philippine Executive Commission	Template:Flagicon image Association for Service to the New Philippines	Filipino nationalism National conservatism Fascism Japanophilia Collaborationism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Asia
Template:Flagicon image Kampuchea	Template:Flagicon image Communist Party of Kampuchea	Communism Marxism–Leninism Agrarianism Autarky Khmer nationalism Ultranationalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd
Template:Country data Kenya	Kenya African National Union	Kenyan nationalism Conservatism	1969 (de facto) 1982 (de jure)	1991		Africa
Template:Country data First Republic of Korea	Liberal Party	Ilminism Conservatism Korean nationalism	17 December 1951	19 April 1960		Asia
Template:Country data Third Republic of Korea	Democratic Republican Party	Korean nationalism Conservatism Corporatism	2 February 1963	12 December 1979		Asia
Template:Country data Fifth Republic of Korea	Template:Flagicon image Democratic Justice Party	Conservatism Authoritarianism	15 January 1981	16 December 1987		Asia
Template:Flagicon image Independent State of Croatia	Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Movement	Croatian irredentism Croatian ultranationalism National conservatism Social conservatism Clerical fascism Fascist corporatism Political Catholicism Anti-communism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Latvia	Communist Party of Latvia	Communism Marxism–Leninism democratic centralism state socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Latvia	Communist Party of Latvia	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon Liberia	True Whig Party	Black conservatism Centralization Protectionism Whiggism (until 1940s)	1878	April 1980		Africa
Template:Flagicon Libya	Arab Socialist Union	Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan-Arabism Nasserism	1971	1977		Africa
Template:Flagicon image Lithuania–Byelorussia	Communist Party of Lithuania and Belorussia	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon Lithuania	Template:Flagicon image Lithuanian Nationalist Union	Lithuanian nationalism National conservatism Social conservatism Fascist corporatism Anti-communism	1926^[47]	1940	14 years	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Lithuania	Communist Party of Lithuania	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon Democratic Republic of Madagascar	National Front for the Defense of the Revolution	Left-wing nationalism Scientific socialism	1976	1989		Africa
Template:Country data Malawi	Malawi Congress Party	Ubuntu Conservatism African nationalism Anti-colonialism	1964	1993		Africa
Template:Flagicon image Template:Country data Mali	Sudanese Union – African Democratic Rally	African nationalism Pan-Africanism African socialism	1960	1968		Africa
Template:Country data Mali	Democratic Union of the Malian People	African socialism Democratic centralism	1976	1991		Africa
Template:Flagicon image Manchukuo	Template:Flagicon image Concordia Association	Fascism Monarchism Manchurian nationalism Pan-Asianism	Template:Dts^[48]	Template:Dts^[48]		Asia
Template:Country data Mauritania	Mauritanian People's Party	Nationalism Centralism Islamic socialism	1961	1978		Africa
Template:Country data Mexico	Institutional Revolutionary Party	Revolutionary nationalism Big tent	Template:DTS	[[2000 Mexican general election\|Template:DTS]]	Template:Ayd	North America
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Mongolia	Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism	1921	Template:Dts		Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Mozambique	Template:Flagicon image FRELIMO	Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Africa
Template:Country data Niger	Nigerien Progressive Party – African Democratic Rally	African nationalism Pan-Africanism	1960	1974		Africa
Template:Country data Niger	National Movement for the Development of Society	Conservatism	1989	1991		Africa
Template:Country data North Vietnam (partially)	Template:Flagicon image Workers' Party of North Vietnam (League for the Independence of Vietnam)	Communism Marxism–Leninism Ho Chi Minh Thought	Template:Dts	1946Script error: No such module "Unsubst".		Asia
Template:Country data North Vietnam	Workers' Party of North Vietnam (Vietnamese Fatherland Front)	Communism Marxism–Leninism Ho Chi Minh Thought	1955	Template:Dts		Asia
Template:Country data North Yemen	Template:Flagicon image General People's Congress	Yemeni nationalism Arab nationalism Pan-Arabism Big tent	1982	1988		Asia
Template:Flagicon National Government	Template:Flagicon image National Rally	Fascism Nazism Fascist corporatism Anti-communism Collaborationism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Country data Ottoman Empire	Union and Progress Party^[49]	İttihadism	Template:DTS	1918		Asia/Europe
Template:Flagicon Paraguay	Template:Flagicon image Colorado Party	Conservatism National conservatism	1947	1962		South America
Template:Flagicon image Persia	Communist Party of Persia	Communism Marxism–Leninism	1920	1921		Asia
Template:Flagicon image Republic of the Philippines	Template:Flagicon image Association for Service to the New Philippines	Filipino nationalism, National conservatism, Fascism, Japanophilia, collaborationism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Poland	Template:Flagicon image Polish United Workers' Party (Front of National Unity)	Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Poland	Template:Flagicon image Polish United Workers' Party (Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth)	Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon Portugal	Template:Flagicon image National Union	Salazarism corporatism Integralismo Lusitano	Template:Dts^[50]	Template:Dts^[50]		Europe
Template:Flagicon Portugal	Template:Flagicon image National Union	Salazarism corporatism Integralismo Lusitano	Template:Dts^[51]	Template:Dts Template:NoteTag		Europe
Template:Flagicon Portugal	Template:Flagicon image People's National Action (formerly National Union)	Corporatism Integralismo Lusitano	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon Romania	Template:Flagicon image National Renaissance Front	Big tent Romanian nationalism Monarchism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon image National Legionary State	Template:Flagicon image Iron Guard	Legionarism Clerical fascism Christian nationalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Romania	Template:Flagicon image Romanian Communist Party (People's Democratic Front)	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	1968		Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Romania	Template:Flagicon image Romanian Communist Party (Front of Socialist Unity)	Communism Marxism–Leninism National Communism	1968	1980		Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Romania	Template:Flagicon image Romanian Communist Party (Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy)	Communism Marxism–Leninism National Communism	1980	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Country data Rwanda	Parmehutu	Hutu Power	1965	1973		Africa
Template:Country data Rwanda	Template:Flagicon image National Revolutionary Movement for Development	Hutu Power Ultranationalism Social conservatism Anti-communism	1978	1991		Africa
Template:Flagicon San Marino	Sammarinese Fascist Party	Italian fascism Corporatism	1926	1943		Europe
Template:Country data San Marino	Republican Fascist Party of San Marino	Italian fascism	1943	1944		Europe
Template:Country data Senegal	Socialist Party of Senegal	African nationalism African socialism	1966	1974		Africa
Template:Country data Seychelles	Seychelles People's Progressive Front	Communism Marxism-Leninism	1979	1991		Africa
Template:Country data Sierra Leone	All People's Congress	African nationalism Democratic socialism	1978	1991		Africa
Template:Flagicon image Slovak Republic	Template:Flagicon image Hlinka's Slovak People's Party – Party of Slovak National Unity	Clerical fascism Slovak nationalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon Somalia	Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party	Islamic socialism Marxism–Leninism Pan-Somalism Scientific socialism Somali nationalism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Africa
Template:Country data South Yemen	Template:Flagicon image National Liberation Front, Template:Flagicon image Yemeni Socialist Party	Arab nationalism Arab socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Asia
Template:Country data South Yemen	Template:Flagicon image Yemeni Socialist Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Asia
Template:Flagicon image Democratic Republic of Yemen	Template:Flagicon image Yemeni Socialist Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Asia
Template:Flagicon image Estonia	Russian Communist Party (Central Committee of the Estonian Sections)	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic	Russian Communist Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts^[52]	Template:Dts	Template:Ayd	Europe/Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic	Russian Social Democratic Labour Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts^[52]	Template:Ayd	Europe/Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Russian Communist Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts^[52]	Template:Ayd	Europe/Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	All-Union Communist Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism Stalinism	Template:Dts^[52]	Template:Dts^[52]	Template:Ayd	Europe/Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Communist Party of the Soviet Union	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts^[52]	Template:Dts^[53]	Template:Ayd	Europe/Asia
Template:Flagicon image Kingdom of Spain	Patriotic Union	Spanish nationalism Political Catholicism Monarchism Conservatism	1924	1930		Europe
Template:Flagicon image Spanish State	Template:Flagicon image FET y de las JONS	Francoism Falangism Spanish nationalism traditionalism National Catholicism anti-liberalism corporatism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts^[54]		Europe
Template:Flagicon Democratic Republic of the Sudan	Template:Flagicon image Sudanese Socialist Union	Arab nationalism Arab socialism Anti-communism	1971	1985		Africa
Template:Country data Sudan	National Congress Party	Islamism Arab nationalism Salafism Social conservatism	1989	2005		Africa
Template:Flagdeco Syrian Republic	Arab Liberation Movement	Syrian nationalism Modernization Pro-Western	1953	1954		Asia
Template:Flagdeco Syrian Arab Republic	Template:Flagicon image Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party (National Progressive Front)	Neo-Ba'athism Pan-Arabism Arab nationalism Arab socialism Militarism	8 March 1963	Template:Dts^[55]^[56] Template:Dts (de-facto) Template:NoteTag^[57]		Asia
Template:Country data São Tomé and Príncipe	Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe – Social Democratic Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism	1975	1990		Africa
Template:Flagcountry	Template:Flagicon image Tanganyika African National Union	African nationalism African socialism Ujamaa	1961	1977		Africa
Template:Country data Tanzania	Chama Cha Mapinduzi	Ujamaa African socialism	1977	1992		Africa
Template:Country data Togo	Party of Togolese Unity	African nationalism	1962	1963		Africa
Template:Country data Togo	Rally of the Togolese People	African nationalism Right-wing populism	1969	1991		Africa
Template:Country data Tunisia	Neo Destour	Tunisian nationalism Bourguibism Arab nationalism Secularism	1963	1964		Africa
Template:Country data Tunisia	Socialist Destourian Party	Tunisian nationalism Secularism Bourguibism	1964	1981		Africa
Template:Country data Turkey (one-party period)	Template:Flagicon image Republican People's Party	Kemalism	1923	1945		Asia/Europe
Template:Country data Turkmenistan	Democratic Party of Turkmenistan	Turkmen nationalism Secularism Social conservatism Catch-all party	1992	2008		Asia
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Tuva	Template:Flagicon image Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Asia
Template:Country data Uganda	Template:Flagicon image Uganda People's Congress	Social democracy African nationalism Pan-Africanism	1969	1971		Africa
Template:Flagicon image Ukraine	Communist Party of Ukraine	Communism Marxism–Leninism Democratic centralism State socialism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Country data United Arab Republic	National Union	Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan-Arabism	1958	1961		Africa
Template:Flagicon Upper Volta	Voltaic Democratic Union-African Democratic Rally	African nationalism Pan-Africanism	1960	1966		Africa
Template:Flagicon image Yugoslavia	Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy	Royalism Yugoslav nationalism Agrarianism Centralism Anti-liberalism	1929	1931		Europe
Template:Flagicon image Template:Flagicon image Yugoslavia	Template:Flagicon image League of Communists of Yugoslavia (Socialist Alliance of Working People of Yugoslavia)	Marxism–Leninism Titoism Yugoslavism	Template:Dts	Template:Dts		Europe
Template:Flagicon Zaire	Popular Movement of the Revolution	Mobutism Zairean nationalism Authenticité	1970	1990		Africa
Template:Country data Zambia	Template:Flagicon image United National Independence Party	African socialism African nationalism	1972	1990		Africa
Template:Country data Zanzibar	Template:Flagicon image Afro-Shirazi Party	African nationalism Marxism–Leninism	1964	1977		Africa

Notes

Template:NoteFoot

References

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One-party state: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:20, 11 November 2025

Contents

Current one-party states

De facto one-party states

Former one-party states

See also

Notes

References

Navigation menu

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Short description|State in which only one party has the right to form the government}}
+{{Short description|State where one party may form a government}}
 {{distinguish|Dominant-party system}}
 {{About|one-party political states|telephone call recording laws and notification and requirements|Telephone call recording laws#One-party consent states|the album|One Party State (album)|other uses|One party (disambiguation)}}
 {{Multiple issues|
-{{Cleanup rewrite|date=May 2024}}
+ {{Cleanup rewrite|date=May 2024}}
-{{More citations needed|date=May 2024}}
+ {{More citations needed|date=May 2024}}
 }}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
 {{party politics}}
-A '''one-party state''', '''single-party state''', '''one-party system''' or '''single-party system''' is a governance structure in which only a single [[political party]] controls the ruling system.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Clark |first1=William Roberts |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2KFvJwi8_jwC&pg=PA611 |title=Principles of Comparative Politics |last2=Golder |first2=Matt |last3=Golder |first3=Sona Nadenichek |date=23 March 2012 |publisher=SAGE |isbn=9781608716791 |pages=611 |language=en}}</ref> In a one-party state, all opposition parties are either outlawed or enjoy limited and [[Controlled opposition|controlled]] participation in [[election]]s. The term "''de facto'' one-party state" is sometimes used to describe a [[dominant-party system]] that, unlike a one-party state, allows (at least nominally) multiparty elections, but the existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning power.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One-Party States {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/applied-and-social-sciences-magazines/one-party-states |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref>
+A '''one-party state''', '''single-party state''', '''one-party system''' or '''single-party system''' is a governance structure in which only a single political party controls the ruling system.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Clark |first1=William Roberts |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2KFvJwi8_jwC&pg=PA611 |title=Principles of Comparative Politics |last2=Golder |first2=Matt |last3=Golder |first3=Sona Nadenichek |date=23 March 2012 |publisher=SAGE |isbn=9781608716791 |pages=611 |language=en}}</ref> In a one-party state, all opposition parties are either outlawed or have limited and controlled participation in elections. The term "de facto one-party " is sometimes used to describe a dominant-party system that, unlike a one-party state, allows (at least nominally) multiparty elections, but the existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning power.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One-Party {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/applied-and-social-sciences-magazines/one-party-states |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref>
 Membership in the ruling party tends to be relatively small compared to the population.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Angiolillo |first=Fabio |date=2023-04-27 |title=Introducing the One-Party Membership Dataset: A dataset on party membership in autocracies |journal=Journal of Peace Research |volume=61 |issue=4 |language=en |pages=694–708 |doi=10.1177/00223433231155278 |issn=0022-3433|doi-access=free }}</ref> Rather, they give out private goods to fellow elites to ensure continued support. One-party, compared to dominant-party dictatorships, structure themselves unlike democracies. They also turn into multi-party democracies at a lower rate than dominant-party dictatorships.<ref name="Political Order and One-Party Rule">{{Cite journal |last1=Magaloni |first1=Beatriz |last2=Kricheli |first2=Ruth |date=2010-05-01 |title=Political Order and One-Party Rule |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=123–143 |doi=10.1146/annurev.polisci.031908.220529 |issn=1094-2939|doi-access=free }}</ref> While one-party states prohibit opposition parties, some allow for independent candidates to stand for election in competition with party candidates. Therefore, they place elites and sympathetic candidates in key administrative races.<ref name="dx.doi.org">{{Cite journal |last1=Creak |first1=Simon |last2=Barney |first2=Keith |date=2018-08-10 |title=Conceptualising Party-State Governance and Rule in Laos |journal=Journal of Contemporary Asia |volume=48 |issue=5 |pages=693–716 |doi=10.1080/00472336.2018.1494849 |s2cid=158403649 |issn=0047-2336|doi-access=free |s2cid-access=free }}</ref> For example, the Chinese Communist Party exercises political control by infiltrating village administrations.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hassan |first1=Mai |last2=Mattingly |first2=Daniel |last3=Nugent |first3=Elizabeth R. |date=2022-05-12 |title=Political Control |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=155–174 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-051120-013321 |s2cid=241393914 |issn=1094-2939|doi-access=free |s2cid-access=free }}</ref> They view these positions as crucial for gathering information on the population and maintaining a presence in the far reaches of their borders.<ref name="The Single-Party Dictator's Dilemma 2011">{{Cite journal |author1-link=Edmund Malesky |last1=Malesky |first1=Edmund |last2=Schuler |first2=Paul |date=2011-10-26 |title=The Single-Party Dictator's Dilemma: Information in Elections without Opposition |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-9162.2011.00025.x |journal=Legislative Studies Quarterly |volume=36 |issue=4 |pages=491–530 |doi=10.1111/j.1939-9162.2011.00025.x |issn=0362-9805|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
-One-party states recognize the trade-off between election victory and gathering valuable data.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Frantz | first=Erica |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1202872902 |title=Authoritarianism : what everyone needs to know |isbn=978-0-19-756964-1 |oclc=1202872902}}</ref> To account for this, the regimes have been observed placing local nobility in easy-to-win races.<ref>{{Cite book |author=Frantz, Erica |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1202872902 |title=Authoritarianism : what everyone needs to know |isbn=978-0-19-756964-1 |oclc=1202872902}}</ref> One-party states have also been observed using elections to ensure that only the most popular elites get chosen to office.<ref name="Elections Under Authoritarianism">{{Cite journal |last1=Gandhi |first1=Jennifer |last2=Lust-Okar |first2=Ellen |date=2009-06-01 |title=Elections Under Authoritarianism |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=403–422 |doi=10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.060106.095434 |issn=1094-2939|doi-access=free }}</ref> They also gather data from elections to indicate if a local official is performing poorly in the eyes of the residents.<ref name="Elections Under Authoritarianism" /> This gives locals the opportunity to monitor local officials and communicate satisfaction with the local government.<ref name="Elections Under Authoritarianism" /> Throughout the country, members of the one party hold key political positions.<ref name="Political Order and One-Party Rule" /> In doing so, the party avoids committing outright fraud and rather sustains their power at the local level with strategic appointment of elites.<ref name="The Single-Party Dictator's Dilemma 2011" /> Data on one-party regimes can be difficult to gather given their lack of transparency.<ref name="dx.doi.org" />
+One-party states recognize the trade-off between election victory and gathering valuable data.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Frantz | first=Erica |title=Authoritarianism : what everyone needs to know |isbn=978-0-19-756964-1 |oclc=1202872902}}</ref> To account for this, the regimes have been observed placing local nobility in easy-to-win races.<ref>{{Cite book |author=Frantz, Erica |title=Authoritarianism : what everyone needs to know |isbn=978-0-19-756964-1 |oclc=1202872902}}</ref> One-party states have also been observed using elections to ensure that only the most popular elites get chosen to office.<ref name="Elections Under Authoritarianism">{{Cite journal |last1=Gandhi |first1=Jennifer |last2=Lust-Okar |first2=Ellen |date=2009-06-01 |title=Elections Under Authoritarianism |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=403–422 |doi=10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.060106.095434 |issn=1094-2939|doi-access=free }}</ref> They also gather data from elections to indicate if a local official is performing poorly in the eyes of the residents.<ref name="Elections Under Authoritarianism" /> This gives locals the opportunity to monitor local officials and communicate satisfaction with the local government.<ref name="Elections Under Authoritarianism" /> Throughout the country, members of the one party hold key political positions.<ref name="Political Order and One-Party Rule" /> In doing so, the party avoids committing outright fraud and rather sustains their power at the local level with strategic appointment of elites.<ref name="The Single-Party Dictator's Dilemma 2011" /> Data on one-party regimes can be difficult to gather given their lack of transparency.<ref name="dx.doi.org" />
 ==Current one-party states==
-As of {{currentyear}}, the following countries are legally constituted as one-party states:
+The following countries are legally constituted as one-party states:
 {|class="wikitable sortable"
 !Country
@@ Line 25: / Line 26: @@
 !Date of establishment
 !Duration
+!Constitutional basis
 !Notes
 |-
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg}} [[China]]<ref>{{Citation |title=China |date=2023-01-26 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/china/#government |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en |access-date=2023-02-05}}</ref>
-|[[File:Xi Jinping in July 2024 (cropped).jpg|100px|center]] [[Xi Jinping]]
+|[[File:Xi Jinping 2025 (cropped).jpg|100px|center]] [[Xi Jinping]]
 |[[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China|General Secretary]]
 |{{CCP flag|Communist Party of China}}
-|[[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]
+|[[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]<br>[[Marxism-Leninism]]
 |1 October 1949
 |{{ayd|1949|10|01}}
+|Article 1 of the [[Constitution of China|Constitution]]: "Leadership by the Communist Party of China is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Constitution of the People's Republic of China |url=https://english.www.gov.cn/archive/law%C2%A0%E2%80%8Bsregulations/201911/20/content_WS5ed8856ec6d0b3f0e9499913.html |access-date=2025-11-06 |website=english.www.gov.cn}}</ref>
 |[[List of political parties in China|Eight minor parties]] have legal status as part of the "[[United front (China)|united front]]" system, but their leadership is determined by the Chinese Communist Party's [[United Front Work Department]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3136835/communist-party-not-chinas-only-political-party-there-are-eight|title=Communist Party is not China's only political party – there are eight others|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=11 June 2021|access-date=18 September 2024|first=Eduardo|last=Baptista}}</ref>
 |-
@@ Line 40: / Line 43: @@
 |[[First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba|First Secretary]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Cuba.svg}} [[Communist Party of Cuba]]
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Castroism]], [[Guevarism]], [[Left-wing nationalism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Castroism]]<br>[[Guevarism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
 |3 October 1965
 |{{ayd|1961|04|16}}
+|Article 5 of the [[Constitution of Cuba|Constitution]]: "The Communist Party of Cuba, unique, Martiano, Fidelista, and Marxist-Leninist, the organized vanguard of the Cuban nation, sustained in its democratic character as well as its permanent linkage to the people, is the superior driving force of the society and the State."
 |
 |-
@@ Line 49: / Line 53: @@
 |[[Party chair|Chairperson]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the EPLF.svg}} [[People's Front for Democracy and Justice]]
-|[[Eritrean nationalism]], [[Statism]]
+|[[Eritrean nationalism]]<br>[[Statism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
 |16 February 1994
 |{{ayd|1994|02|16}}
+|
 |
 |-
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of Laos.svg}} [[Laos]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Laos: Freedom in the World 2020 Country Report |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/laos/freedom-world/2020 |access-date=2023-02-05 |website=Freedom House |language=en}}</ref>
-|[[File:Mr. Thongloun Sisoulith.jpg|100px|center]] [[Thongloun Sisoulith]]
+|[[File:Thongloun Sisoulith (cropped, 2024) 01.jpg|100px|center]] [[Thongloun Sisoulith]]
 |[[General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party|General Secretary]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of LPRP.svg}} [[Lao People's Revolutionary Party]]
-|[[Kaysone Phomvihane Thought]]
+|[[Kaysone Phomvihane Thought]]<br>[[Marxism-Leninism]]
 |2 December 1975
 |{{ayd|1975|12|02}}
+|Article 3 of the [[Constitution of Laos|Constitution]]: "The rights of the multi-ethnic people to be the masters of the country are exercised and ensured through the functioning of the political system with the Lao People's Revolutionary Party as its leading nucleus."
 |
 |-
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of North Korea.svg}} [[North Korea]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Korea: Country Profile |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/north-korea |access-date=2023-02-05 |website=Freedom House |date=18 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
-|[[File:Kim Jong-un April 2019 (cropped).jpg|100px|center]] [[Kim Jong-un]]
+|[[File:Kim Jong-un and Vladimir Putin (2023-09-13) 12 (cropped).jpg|100px|center]] [[Kim Jong Un]]
 |[[General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea|General Secretary]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the Workers' Party of Korea.svg}} [[Workers' Party of Korea]]
-|[[Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism]]
+|[[Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism]]<br>[[Juche]]
 |9 September 1948
 |{{ayd|1948|9|9}}
-|[[List of political parties in North Korea|Two minor parties]] are legally recognised, but are under the control of the Workers' Party of Korea<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nknews.org/2014/11/being-a-minor-party-in-the-north/|title=Being a minor party in the North|first=Fyodor|last=Tertitskiy|date=26 November 2014|access-date=18 September 2024|publisher=NK News}}</ref>
+|Article 11 of the [[Constitution of North Korea|Constitution]]: "The Democratic People's Republic of Korea shall conduct all activities under the leadership of the Workers' Party of Korea."
+|[[List of political parties in North Korea|Two minor parties]] are legally recognised, but are under the control of the Workers' Party of Korea<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nknews.org/2014/11/being-a-minor-party-in-the-north/|title=Being a minor party in the North|first=Fyodor|last=Tertitskiy|author-link= Fyodor Tertitskiy|date=26 November 2014|access-date=18 September 2024|publisher=NK News}}</ref>
 |-
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg}} [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]]
-|[[File:Brahim Ghali.jpg|100px|center]] [[Brahim Ghali]]
+|[[File:Brahim Ghali 2.jpeg|100px|center]] [[Brahim Ghali]]
 |[[Polisario Front#Structure|Secretary General]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg}} [[Polisario Front]]
-|[[Sahrawi nationalism]], [[Arab socialism]]
+|[[Sahrawi nationalism]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]
 |27 February 1976
 |{{ayd|1976|02|27}}
+|Article 32 of the [[Constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|Constitution]]: "Until the complete recovery of national sovereignty, the Frente POLISARIO shall be the political framework that shall unite and mobilise politically the Sahrawis to express their aspirations and legitimate rights to self-determination and independence and to defend their national unity and complete the building of their independent Sahrawi State."
 |[[List of states with limited recognition|State with limited recognition]], headquartered in [[Algeria]]
 |-
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of Vietnam.svg}} [[Vietnam]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vietnam: Country Profile |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/vietnam |access-date=2023-02-05 |website=Freedom House |date=30 March 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
-|[[File:Tolam2024.jpg|100px|center]] [[Tô Lâm]]
+|[[File:Keir Starmer meets Tô Lâm 29-10-2025 (6) (cropped).jpg|100px|center]] [[Tô Lâm]]
 |[[General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam|General Secretary]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Vietnam.svg}} [[Communist Party of Vietnam]]
-|[[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]
+|[[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]<br>[[Marxism-Leninism]]
 |2 September 1945{{NoteTag|Previously known as the [[Democratic Republic of Vietnam]] from 2 September 1945 to 25 April 1976.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bartleby.com/essay/How-Did-The-Vietnam-War-Affect-The-PJ7JU393ERV|title = How Did the Vietnam War Affect the Economy – 551 Words &#124; Bartleby}}</ref> [[Reunification Day|Reunified with]] the [[Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam|Republic of South Vietnam]] on 2 July 1976.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26937807|jstor = 26937807|last1 = Dror|first1 = Olga|title = Reviewed work: Vietnam: A Pathway from State Socialism, Thaveeporn Vasavakul|journal = Contemporary Southeast Asia|year = 2020|volume = 42|issue = 2|pages = 311–313|doi = 10.1355/cs42-2j|s2cid = 225324132|url-access = subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rosalux.de/en/publication/id/40931/ho-chi-minh-on-independence-and-freedom|title = Ho Chi Minh on Independence and Freedom - Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung| date=29 August 2019 }}</ref>}}
 |{{ayd|1945|09|02}}
+|Article 4 of the [[Constitution of Vietnam|Constitution]]: " Communist Party of Vietnam - the Vanguard of the working class, concurrently the vanguard of the labouring people and Vietnamese nation, faithfully representing the interests of the working class, labouring people and entire nation, and acting upon the Marxist-Leninist doctrine and Ho Chi Minh Thought, is the force leading the State and society."
 |Two minor parties, the [[Democratic Party of Vietnam]] and [[Socialist Party of Vietnam]], had legal status within the [[Vietnam Fatherland Front]] until 1988
 |}
@@ Line 93: / Line 102: @@
 ==''De facto'' one-party states==
 {{Expand section|date=November 2024}}
-A ''de facto'' one-party system is one that, while not officially linking a single political party to governmental power, utilizes some means of political manipulation to ensure only one party stays in power.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=McLean |first1=Iain |last2=McMillan |first2=Alistair |date=2009 |title=One-Party State |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100250211 |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=Oxford Reference |doi=10.1093/acref/9780199207800.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-920780-0 }}</ref> Many different countries have been claimed to be ''de facto'' one-party states, with differing levels of agreement between scholars, although most agree that the African continent is marked by this political system.<ref>{{Citation |last=Ziemer |first=Klaus |title=The African One-Party State |date=1995 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23826-2_7 |work=State and Society in Francophone Africa since Independence |pages=97–105 |editor-last=Kirk-Greene |editor-first=Anthony |access-date=2023-08-27 |series=St Antony’s/Macmillan Series |place=London |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-1-349-23826-2_7 |isbn=978-1-349-23826-2 |editor2-last=Bach |editor2-first=Daniel|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mitchinson |first=Naomi |date=January 1984 |title=One party rule in Africa |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00358538408453617 |journal=The Round Table |language=en |volume=73 |issue=289 |pages=38–44 |doi=10.1080/00358538408453617 |issn=0035-8533|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schachter |first=Ruth |date=June 1961 |title=Single-Party Systems in West Africa |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400123329/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=294–307 |doi=10.2307/1952240 |jstor=1952240 |issn=0003-0554|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Below are just a few examples of governments that have been claimed to have single party rule due to political manipulation.
+A [[de facto]] one-party system is one that, while not officially linking a single political party to governmental power, utilizes some means of political manipulation to ensure only one party stays in power.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=McLean |first1=Iain |last2=McMillan |first2=Alistair |date=2009 |title=One-Party State |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100250211 |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=Oxford Reference |doi=10.1093/acref/9780199207800.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-920780-0 }}</ref> Many different countries have been claimed to be de facto one-party states, with differing levels of agreement between scholars, although most agree that the African continent is marked by this political system.<ref>{{Citation |last=Ziemer |first=Klaus |title=The African One-Party State |date=1995 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23826-2_7 |work=State and Society in Francophone Africa since Independence |pages=97–105 |editor-last=Kirk-Greene |editor-first=Anthony |access-date=2023-08-27 |series=St Antony’s/Macmillan Series |place=London |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-1-349-23826-2_7 |isbn=978-1-349-23826-2 |editor2-last=Bach |editor2-first=Daniel|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mitchinson |first=Naomi |date=January 1984 |title=One party rule in Africa |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00358538408453617 |journal=The Round Table |language=en |volume=73 |issue=289 |pages=38–44 |doi=10.1080/00358538408453617 |issn=0035-8533|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schachter |first=Ruth |date=June 1961 |title=Single-Party Systems in West Africa |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400123329/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=294–307 |doi=10.2307/1952240 |jstor=1952240 |issn=0003-0554|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Below are just a few examples of governments that have been claimed to have single party rule due to political manipulation.
 {| class="wikitable sortable"
 |+
 !Country
 !Party
-!Date of
+!Date of establishment
-establishment
 !Information
+|-
+|{{Flag|Azerbaijan}}
+|[[New Azerbaijan Party]]
+|2010
+|Although Azerbaijan is officially a constitutional democracy, and opposition parties remain active within the country, the New Azerbaijan Party and the ruling Aliyev family have maintained power uninterrupted since 1993. Founded by [[Heydar Aliyev]], the former head of state of the [[Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic|Azerbaijan SSR]], his son [[Ilham Aliyev]] has maintained the presidential position since 2003. Aliyev amended the Constitution to remove term limits in 2009, and while presidential elections are held, Aliyev consistently receives over 80% of the vote. Legislatively, the [[National Assembly (Azerbaijan)|National Assembly]] has nominal powers under the Azerbaijan Constitution, but in practice power is heavily concentrated in the ruling party. Between 1993 and 2010, major opposition parties were allowed some representation in the Assembly in each election. However, since 2010, no opposition parties have held seats in the Assembly. There are nominal opposition parties and independents but they are supportive of the Aliyev regime.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Azerbaijan: Country Profile|url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/azerbaijan|access-date=2021-07-03|website=Freedom House|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Altstadt |first=Audrey L. |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7312/alts70456 |title=Frustrated Democracy in Post-Soviet Azerbaijan |date=2017 |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-231-70456-4 |pages=23 |doi=10.7312/alts70456|jstor=10.7312/alts70456 }}</ref> Consequently, parliamentary elections are not considered free or fair.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Azerbaijan: Nations in Transit 2021 Country Report|url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/azerbaijan/nations-transit/2021|access-date=2021-07-11|website=Freedom House|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
 |-
 |{{Flag|Cambodia}}
@@ Line 115: / Line 128: @@
 |[[Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea]]
 |2013
-|Equatorial Guinea, historically a one party-state under the PDGE from 1987-1992, has one nominal opposition party with the [[Convergence for Social Democracy (Equatorial Guinea)|Convergence for Social Democracy]]. However, the opposition has only held at most 2 seats in the [[Chamber of Deputies (Equatorial Guinea)|Chamber of Deputies]] since 1999, and had held no seats in neither the Chamber of Deputies or the Senate since [[2013 Equatorial Guinean parliamentary election|2013]]. The PDGE, by comparison, has held all seats in the Senate since 2013 and in the Chamber of Deputies since [[2022 Equatorial Guinean general election|2022]].
+|Equatorial Guinea, historically a one party-state under the PDGE from 1987–1992, has one nominal opposition party with the [[Convergence for Social Democracy (Equatorial Guinea)|Convergence for Social Democracy]]. However, the opposition has only held at most 2 seats in the [[Chamber of Deputies (Equatorial Guinea)|Chamber of Deputies]] since 1999, and had held no seats in neither the Chamber of Deputies or the Senate since [[2013 Equatorial Guinean parliamentary election|2013]]. The PDGE, by comparison, has held all seats in the Senate since 2013 and in the Chamber of Deputies since [[2022 Equatorial Guinean general election|2022]].
 |-
 |{{Flag|Nicaragua}}
@@ Line 127: / Line 140: @@
 |1994
 |Although Rwanda nominally allows for multiparty elections, they are manipulated in various ways, which include the banning of opposition parties, the arrests or assassinations of critics, and [[electoral fraud]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thomson |first1=Susan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RbxODwAAQBAJ&q=one-party+state |title=Rwanda: From Genocide to Precarious Peace |date=2018 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-23591-3 |page=185 |language=en |author1-link=Susan Thomson}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ph.D |first1=Joseph Sebarenzi |last2=Twagiramungu |first2=Noel |date=8 April 2019 |title=Rwanda's economic growth could be derailed by its autocratic regime |language=en |work=The Conversation |url=https://theconversation.com/rwandas-economic-growth-could-be-derailed-by-its-autocratic-regime-114649 |access-date=5 September 2023}}</ref>
+|-
+|{{Flag|Togo}}
+|[[Union for the Republic (Togo)|Union for the Republic]]
+|2024
+|The official continuation of the [[Rally of the Togolese People]], which ruled Togo as a one-party state under [[Gnassingbe Eyadema]] from 1967–1994, the Union for the Republic has maintained power under Eyadema's son, [[Faure Gnassingbe]], since its establishment in 2012. Although opposition parties exist within the country and other parties nominally hold seats in the [[National Assembly (Togo)|National Assembly]], the Union for the Republic has maintained an absolute majority since 2018 due to opposition boycotts while other represented parties only expedite the ruling party's legislation. This is demonstrated by the legislature's extension of Gnassingbe's term limit in 2019, extending it to 2030. With the [[2024 Togolese parliamentary election]], the UPLR received 108 seats out of 113, while also enabling Gnassingbe's revision of the Constitution to name him the "President of the Council of Ministers". With this position elected directly by Parliament over popular vote, the outright lack of term limits, and the removal of presidential powers from the President in favor of Gnassingbe directly, the party solidified Gnassingbe to rule for life like his father previously.
 |-
 |{{flag|Venezuela}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-18 |title=NA: "Regime wants to build a one-party political system |url=https://www.eluniversal.com/politica/73521/an-regimen-quiere-construir-un-sistema-politico-unipartidista |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=El Universal |language=es}}</ref>
@@ Line 132: / Line 150: @@
 |2017
 | Since 2014, the country has been going through a period of crisis of legitimacy and exceptionality due to the order to close the [[National Assembly (Venezuela)#1999 Constitution|National Assembly]] and the convocation of a [[2017 Constituent National Assembly of Venezuela|Constituent Assembly]] by [[Nicolás Maduro]] on May 1, 2017, composed mostly of PSUV politicians. Since then, different laws have been approved to restrict political participation, including informal persecution and the disqualification of certain politicians (including complaints of electoral fraud), concluding in 2024, at which point, because of new laws, the majority of [[Venezuelan opposition|opposition politicians]] have been disqualified and their organizations banned, leaving only a [[controlled opposition]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Itriago Acosta |first=Andreina |date=April 2, 2024 |title='Anti-Fascism' Law to Tighten Crackdown on Venezuelan Opposition |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-04-02/-anti-fascism-law-to-tighten-crackdown-on-venezuelan-opposition |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=www.bloomberg.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Maria Delgado |first=Antonio |date=April 5, 2024 |title=Maduro prepared harsh law to further punish criticism of Venezuela regime |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/venezuela/article287431415.html |access-date=May 9, 2024 |work=[[Miami Herald]]}}</ref>
+|-
+|{{flag|Russia}}
+|[[United Russia]]
+|2009
+|As of 2009, United Russia won a majority of seats in almost every Russian municipality. Opposition candidates stated they were hindered from campaigning for the elections, and some were denied places on the ballot. There were allegations of widespread [[ballot stuffing]] and voter intimidation, as well as statistical analysis results supporting these accusations.
 |}
@@ Line 146: / Line 169: @@
 |data-sort-value="Afghanistan 1977"|{{flagicon image|Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1974–1978).svg}} [[Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)|Republic of Afghanistan]]
 |[[National Revolutionary Party of Afghanistan|National Revolutionary Party]]
-|[[Pashtun nationalism]], [[Pashtunization]], [[Republicanism]], [[Secularism]]
+|[[Pashtun nationalism]]<br>[[Pashtunization]]<br>[[Republicanism]]<br>[[Secularism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1977|2|14}}<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X0CLyC39MEgC&pg=PA70 |title=Afghanistan: A Country Study |date=2001 |publisher=Claitor's Law Books and Publishing |isbn=978-1-57980-744-3 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.princeton.edu/~pcwcr/reports/afghan1977.html|title=Afghanistan 1977|website=Princeton University|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406234448/https://www.princeton.edu/~pcwcr/reports/afghan1977.html|archive-date=6 April 2012}}</ref>
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1978|4|28}}
@@ Line 154: / Line 177: @@
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of Afghanistan (1978-1980).svg}} [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan.svg}} [[People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan]]-[[Khalq]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Stalinism]], [[Pashtun nationalism]], [[Anti-imperialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Pashtun nationalism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1978|04|30}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1979|12|24}}
@@ Line 162: / Line 185: @@
 | data-sort-value="Afghanistan 1980" |{{flagicon image|Flag of Afghanistan (1980-1987).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1987–1992).svg}}  [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]/[[Republic of Afghanistan (1987 - 1992)|Republic of Afghanistan]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan.svg}} [[People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan]]-[[Parcham]] ([[National Fatherland Front]])
-|[[Communism]] (until 1990), [[Marxism–Leninism]] (until 1990), [[Afghan nationalism]], [[Anti-imperialism]]
+|[[Communism]] (until 1990)<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]] (until 1990)<br>[[Afghan nationalism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1979|12|24}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1992|7|28}}
@@ Line 170: / Line 193: @@
 |data-sort-value="Albania 1939"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg}} [[Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)|Albanian Kingdom]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg}} [[Albanian Fascist Party]]
-|[[Albanian nationalism]], [[Greater Albania]], [[Fascism]], [[Italophilia]], [[Anti-Serb sentiment|Serbophobia]], [[Anti-Greek sentiment|Hellenophobia]]
+|[[Albanian nationalism]]<br>[[Greater Albania]]<br>[[Fascism]]<br>[[Italophilia]]<br>[[Anti-Serb sentiment|Serbophobia]]<br>[[Anti-Greek sentiment|Hellenophobia]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1939|06|02}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1943|07|27}}
@@ Line 178: / Line 201: @@
 |data-sort-value="Albania 1943"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg}} [[Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)|Albanian Kingdom]]
 |Guard of Greater Albania
-|[[Albanian nationalism]], [[Fascism]]
+|[[Albanian nationalism]]<br>[[Fascism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1943|07|27}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1943|09|08}}
@@ Line 186: / Line 209: @@
 |data-sort-value="Albania 1943" |{{flagicon image|Flag of Albania (1943–1944).svg}} [[German occupation of Albania|Albanian Kingdom]]
 |[[Balli Kombëtar|National Front]]
-|[[Albanian nationalism]], [[Greater Albania]], [[Anti-communism]], [[Republicanism]], [[Big tent]], [[Agrarian socialism]]
+|[[Albanian nationalism]]<br>[[Greater Albania]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]<br>[[Republicanism]]<br>[[Big tent]]<br>[[Agrarian socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1943|09|14}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1943|11|29}}
@@ Line 194: / Line 217: @@
 |data-sort-value="Albania1 1944"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Albania (1944-1946).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Albania (1946-1992).svg}} [[Democratic Government of Albania]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of Party of Labour of Albania.svg}} [[Party of Labour of Albania]] ([[National Liberation Movement (Albania)|National Liberation Movement]])
-|rowspan="3"|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Hoxhaism]], [[Anti-revisionism]], [[Albanian nationalism]], [[State Atheism]]
+|rowspan="3"|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Albanian nationalism]]<br>[[State atheism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1944|10|20}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|8|5}}
@@ Line 215: / Line 238: @@
 |data-sort-value="Algeria 1962"|{{flag|Algeria}}
 |{{flagicon image|Variant flag of the GPRA (1958-1962).svg}} [[National Liberation Front (Algeria)|National Liberation Front]]
-|[[Arab socialism]], [[Algerian nationalism]], [[Pan-Arabism]], [[Anti-imperialism]]
+|[[Arab socialism]]<br>[[Algerian nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1962|7|3}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1989|2|23}}
@@ Line 223: / Line 246: @@
 |data-sort-value="Angola 1975"|{{flagicon|Angola}} [[People's Republic of Angola]]
 |{{flagicon image|Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (bandeira).svg}} [[MPLA|People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Left-wing nationalism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1975|11|11}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1991|5|30}}
@@ Line 231: / Line 254: @@
 |data-sort-value="Armenia 1920"|{{flagicon image|Flag of SSRA.svg}} [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic|Armenia]]
 |[[Communist Party of Armenia (Soviet Union)|Communist Party of Armenia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1920|12|2}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
@@ Line 239: / Line 262: @@
 |data-sort-value="Armenia 1922"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Transcaucasian SFSR (1925-1936).svg}} [[Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic|Transcaucasia]]
 |[[Communist Party of Armenia (Soviet Union)|Communist Party of Armenia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|3|12}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
@@ Line 255: / Line 278: @@
 |data-sort-value="Azerbaijan 1920"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (1920).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Azerbaijan SSR (1920-1921).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Azerbaijan SSR (1921-1922).svg}} [[Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic|Azerbaijan]]
 |[[Azerbaijan Communist Party (1920)|Azerbaijan Communist Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1920|4|30}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
@@ Line 263: / Line 286: @@
 |data-sort-value="Azerbaijan 1922"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Transcaucasian SFSR (1925-1936).svg}} [[Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic|Transcaucasia]]
 |[[Azerbaijan Communist Party (1920)|Azerbaijan Communist Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|3|12}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
@@ Line 271: / Line 294: @@
 |data-sort-value="Bangladesh 1975"|{{flag|Bangladesh}}
 |[[Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League]]
-|[[Mujibism]], [[Bengali nationalism]], [[Socialism]]
+|[[Mujibism]]<br>[[Bengali nationalism]]<br>[[Socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1975|1|24}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1975|8|15}}
@@ Line 279: / Line 302: @@
 |data-sort-value="Bangladesh 1988"|{{flag|Bangladesh}}
 |[[Jatiya Party (Ershad)|Jatiya Party]]
-|[[Bangladeshi nationalism]], [[Conservatism]], [[Authoritarianism]], [[Militarism]]
+|[[Bangladeshi nationalism]]<br>[[Conservatism]]<br>[[Authoritarianism]]<br>[[Militarism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1988|3|11}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1990|12|6}}
@@ Line 295: / Line 318: @@
 |data-sort-value="Benin 1975"|{{flagicon|Benin|1975}} [[People's Republic of Benin|Benin]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of PRPB.svg}} [[People's Revolutionary Party of Benin]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]] (nominally)
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]] (nominally)
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1975|11|30}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1990|3|1}}
@@ Line 311: / Line 334: @@
 |data-sort-value="Bulgaria 1946"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Bulgaria (1946-1948).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Bulgaria (1948-1967).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Bulgaria (1967-1971).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Bulgaria (1971 – 1990).svg}} [[People's Republic of Bulgaria|Bulgaria]]
 |{{Flagicon image|FlagBKP.svg}} [[Bulgarian Communist Party]] ([[Fatherland Front (Bulgaria)|Fatherland Front]])
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1946|9|15}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1990|1|15}}
@@ Line 343: / Line 366: @@
 |data-sort-value="Burundi 1974"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Burundi (1967–1982).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Burundi.svg}} [[Burundi|Republic of Burundi]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the UPRONA.svg}} [[Union for National Progress]]
-|[[Burundi]]an [[nationalism]], [[Tutsi]] interests
+|[[Burundi]]an [[nationalism]]<br>[[Tutsi]] interests
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1974|07|11}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1992|03|13}}
@@ Line 351: / Line 374: @@
 |data-sort-value="Byelorussia 1920"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Byelorussian SSR (1919-1927).svg}} [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic|Byelorussia]]
 |[[Communist Party of Byelorussia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1920|7|31}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
@@ Line 359: / Line 382: @@
 |data-sort-value="Cambodia 1955"|{{flag|Cambodia}} ([[Cambodia (1953–1970)|Sangkum era]])
 |[[Sangkum]]
-|[[Khmer nationalism]], [[National conservatism]], [[Royalist|Royalism]], [[Statism]], [[Buddhist socialism]], [[Economic nationalism]]
+|[[Khmer nationalism]]<br>[[National conservatism]]<br>[[Royalist|Royalism]]<br>[[Statism]]<br>[[Buddhist socialism]]<br>[[Economic nationalism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1955|3|22}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1970|3|18}}
@@ Line 367: / Line 390: @@
 |data-sort-value="Cambodia 1979"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Republic of Kampuchea.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the State of Cambodia.svg}} [[People's Republic of Kampuchea|Kampuchea]]
 |[[Cambodian People's Party|Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Socialism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Revisionism (Marxism)|Revisionism]], [[Left-wing nationalism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Socialism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Revisionism (Marxism)|Revisionism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1979|1|7}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1989|5|1}}
@@ Line 383: / Line 406: @@
 |data-sort-value="Cameroon 1975"|{{flag|Cameroon}}
 |[[Cameroon People's Democratic Movement]]
-|[[Big tent]], [[Nationalism]], [[Francophile|Francophilia]]
+|[[Big tent]]<br>[[Nationalism]]<br>[[Francophile|Francophilia]]
 |1975
 |1990
@@ Line 391: / Line 414: @@
 |data-sort-value="Cape Verde 1975"|{{flag|Cape Verde|1975}}
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of PAIGC.svg}} [[African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1975|7|1}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1981|1|20}}
@@ Line 399: / Line 422: @@
 |data-sort-value="Cape Verde 1980"|{{flag|Cape Verde|1975}}
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of PAICV.svg}} [[African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1981|1|20}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1990|9|28}}
@@ Line 415: / Line 438: @@
 |data-sort-value="Central African Republic 1962"|{{flag|Central African Republic}}
 |[[Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Anti-colonialism]], [[Progressivism]], [[Anti-imperialism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Anti-colonialism]]<br>[[Progressivism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]
 |1962
 |1980
@@ Line 423: / Line 446: @@
 |data-sort-value="Central African Republic 1980"|{{flag|Central African Republic}}
 |[[Central African Democratic Union]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Republicanism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Republicanism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1980|3|1}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1981|9|2}}
@@ Line 431: / Line 454: @@
 |data-sort-value="Central African Republic 1987"|{{flag|Central African Republic}}
 |[[Central African Democratic Rally]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Democratic socialism]], [[Social democracy]], [[Republicanism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Democratic socialism]]<br>[[Social democracy]]<br>[[Republicanism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1987|2|6}}
-|{{dts|format=dmy|1991|4|22}}<ref>[https://nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu/content/central-african-republic-unions-strike-democracy-1990-1993 Central African Republic Unions Strike for Democracy 1990-1993 ]</ref>
+|{{dts|format=dmy|1991|4|22}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu/content/central-african-republic-unions-strike-democracy-1990-1993|title=Central African Republic Unions Strike for Democracy 1990-1993 &#124; Global Nonviolent Action Database|website=nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu}}</ref>
 |{{ayd|1987|2|6|1991|4|22}}
 |Africa
@@ Line 439: / Line 462: @@
 |data-sort-value="Chad 1962"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Chad.svg}} [[Chad]]
 |[[Chadian Progressive Party]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Pan-Africanism]], [[Anti-imperialism]], [[African socialism]], [[Federalism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[African socialism]]<br>[[Federalism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1962|4|16}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1973|4|6}}
@@ Line 447: / Line 470: @@
 |data-sort-value="Chad 1973"|{{flag|Chad}}
 |[[Chadian Progressive Party|National Movement for the Cultural and Social Revolution]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Pan-Africanism]], [[Anti-imperialism]], [[African socialism]], [[Federalism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[African socialism]]<br>[[Federalism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1973|4|6}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1975|4|13}}
@@ Line 463: / Line 486: @@
 |data-sort-value="China 1927"|[[Communist-controlled China (1927–1949)|Guangzhou]]
 |[[Chinese Communist Party]]
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]], [[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]]<br>[[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
 |1927
 |1927
@@ Line 471: / Line 494: @@
 |data-sort-value="China 1927"|[[Communist-controlled China (1927–1949)|Hunan]]
 |[[Chinese Communist Party]]
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]], [[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]]<br>[[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
 |1927
 |1927
@@ Line 479: / Line 502: @@
 |data-sort-value="China 1927"|[[Communist-controlled China (1927–1949)|Jinggang]]
 |[[Chinese Communist Party]]
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]], [[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]]<br>[[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
 |1927
 |1928
@@ Line 487: / Line 510: @@
 |data-sort-value="China 1930"|[[Communist-controlled China (1927–1949)|Southwest Jiangxi]]
 |[[Chinese Communist Party]]
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]], [[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]]<br>[[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
 |1930
 |1931
@@ Line 495: / Line 518: @@
 |data-sort-value="China 1930"|{{flagicon image|National Flag of Chinese Soviet Republic.svg}} [[Chinese Soviet Republic]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Chinese Communist Party]]
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]], [[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]]<br>[[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|Chinese communism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1931|11|7}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1937|9|22}}
@@ Line 513: / Line 536: @@
 |[[Three Principles of the People|Tridemism]]
 |{{DTS|format=dmy|1925|7|1}}
-|{{DTS|format=dmy|1987|7|15}}
+|{{DTS|format=dmy|1991|05|01}}
 |{{ayd|1925|7|1|1987|7|15}}
 |Asia
@@ Line 519: / Line 542: @@
 |data-sort-value="China 1937"|[[Communist-controlled China (1927–1949)|Yan'an]]
 |[[Chinese Communist Party]]
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]], [[Chinese communism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]]<br>[[Chinese communism]]
 |1937
 |1949
@@ Line 543: / Line 566: @@
 |data-sort-value="Costa Rica 1917"|{{flagicon image|State Flag of Costa Rica (1906-1964).svg}} [[Dictatorship of the Tinoco brothers|Tinoquista Costa Rica]]
 |[[Peliquista Party]]
-|[[Nationalism]], [[Personalism]], [[Authoritarianism]]
+|[[Nationalism]]<br>[[Personalism]]<br>[[Authoritarianism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1917|1|27}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1919|8|12}}
@@ Line 551: / Line 574: @@
 | data-sort-value="Czechoslovakia 1948" |{{flagicon|Czechoslovak Socialist Republic}} [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic|Czechoslovakia]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the KSC.svg}} [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]] ([[National Front (Czechoslovakia)|National Front]])
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]], [[Husakism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]<br>[[Husakism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1948|2|25}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1989|11|30}}
@@ Line 559: / Line 582: @@
 |data-sort-value="Dahomey 1961"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Benin.svg}} [[Republic of Dahomey|Dahomey]]
 |[[Dahomeyan Unity Party]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Republicanism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Republicanism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1961|4|11}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1963|11|13}}
@@ Line 583: / Line 606: @@
 |data-sort-value="Dominican Republic 1931"|{{flagicon|Dominican Republic}} [[Dominican Republic]]
 |[[Dominican Party]]
-|[[Rafael Trujillo|Trujillism]], [[National conservatism]], [[Right-wing populism]], [[Antihaitianismo]]
+|[[Rafael Trujillo|Trujillism]]<br>[[National conservatism]]<br>[[Right-wing populism]]<br>[[Antihaitianismo]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1931|8|2}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1961|12|28}}
@@ Line 589: / Line 612: @@
 |North America
 |-
-|data-sort-value="East Germany 1949"|{{flagicon|East Germany|variant=1949}} [[East Germany]]
+|rowspan="2"data-sort-value="East Germany 1949"|{{flagicon|East Germany|variant=1949}}{{flagicon|East Germany}} [[East Germany]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flagge der SED.svg}} [[Socialist Unity Party of Germany]] ([[Democratic Bloc (East Germany)|Democratic Bloc]])
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1949|10|7}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1950|3|30}}
@@ Line 597: / Line 620: @@
 |Europe
 |-
-|data-sort-value="East Germany 1950"|{{flagicon|East Germany}} [[East Germany]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flagge der SED.svg}} [[Socialist Unity Party of Germany]] ([[National Front of the German Democratic Republic]])
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1950|3|30}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1989|12|1}}
@@ Line 605: / Line 627: @@
 |Europe
 |-
-|data-sort-value="Egypt 1956"|{{flag|Egypt|1953}}
+|rowspan="3" data-sort-value="Egypt 1956"|{{flag|Egypt|1953}}
 |[[Liberation Rally]]
-|[[Egyptian nationalism]], [[Pan-Arabism]], [[Socialism]]
+|[[Egyptian nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br>[[Socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1953|2|10}}
 |1957
@@ Line 613: / Line 635: @@
 |Africa
 |-
-|data-sort-value="Egypt 1961"|{{flag|Egypt|1958}}
 |[[National Union (Egypt)|National Union]]
-|[[Nasserism]], [[Pan-Arabism]], [[Socialism]]
+|[[Nasserism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br>[[Socialism]]
 |1957
 |1962
@@ Line 621: / Line 642: @@
 |Africa
 |-
-|data-sort-value="Egypt 1962"|{{flag|Egypt|1972}}
 |[[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]]
-|[[Arab nationalism]], [[Arab socialism]], [[Pan-Arabism]], [[Nasserism]]
+|[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br>[[Nasserism]]
 |1961
 |1976
@@ Line 629: / Line 649: @@
 |Africa
 |-
-|{{flag|Egypt|1972}}
+|rowspan="1" data-sort-value="El Salvador 1931"|{{flagicon|El Salvador}} [[El Salvador]]
-|[[National Democratic Party (Egypt)|National Democratic Party]]
-|[[Egyptian nationalism]], [[Big tent|Big-Tent]], [[Neoliberalism|Neo-liberalism]]
-|1976
-|2011
-|{{ayd|1976|1|1|2011|1|1}}
-|Africa
-|-
-|data-sort-value="El Salvador 1931"|{{flagicon|El Salvador}} [[El Salvador]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Propatria.png}} [[National Pro Patria Party]]
-|[[Fascism]], [[Anti-communism]], [[Conservatism]], [[Agrarianism|Agrarian]] [[oligarchy]]
+|[[Fascism]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]<br>[[Conservatism]]<br>[[Agrarianism|Agrarian]] [[oligarchy]]
 |1933
 |1944
@@ Line 647: / Line 659: @@
 |data-sort-value="Equatorial Guinea 1970"|{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
 |[[United National Workers' Party]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Personalism]], [[Anti-imperialism]], [[Decolonization|Anti-colonialism]], [[Anti-racism]], [[Pan-Africanism]], [[Anti-intellectualism]], [[Totalitarianism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Personalism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[Decolonization|Anti-colonialism]]<br>[[Anti-racism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]<br>[[Anti-intellectualism]]<br>[[Totalitarianism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1970|7|7}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1979|8|25}}
@@ Line 655: / Line 667: @@
 |data-sort-value="Equatorial Guinea 1987"|{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
 |[[Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Militarism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Militarism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1987|10|11}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1991|11|16}}
@@ Line 672: / Line 684: @@
 |data-sort-value="Estonia 1935"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Estonia.svg}} [[Estonia]]
 |[[Patriotic League (Estonia)|Patriotic League]] ([[National Front for the Implementation of the Constitution]])
-|[[Estonian nationalism]], [[Personalism]]
+|[[Estonian nationalism]]<br>[[Personalism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1935|3|9}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|7|21}}
@@ Line 680: / Line 692: @@
 |data-sort-value="Estonia 1940"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Estonian SSR (1940-1953).svg}} [[Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic|Estonia]]
 |[[Communist Party of Estonia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|7|21}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|8|9}}
@@ Line 688: / Line 700: @@
 |data-sort-value="Ethiopia 1984"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Ethiopia (1975–1987) (02).svg}} [[Derg|Ethiopia]]
 |[[Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1984|9|12}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1987|2|22}}
@@ Line 696: / Line 708: @@
 |data-sort-value="Ethiopia 1987"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Ethiopia (1987–1991).svg}} [[People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia|Ethiopia]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Workers' Party of Ethiopia flag (variant).png}} [[Workers' Party of Ethiopia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1987|2|22}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1991|4|28}}
@@ Line 712: / Line 724: @@
 |data-sort-value="Georgia 1921"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Georgian SSR (1921-1922).svg}} [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic|Georgia]]
 |[[Communist Party of Georgia (Soviet Union)|Communist Party of Georgia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1921|2|25}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
@@ Line 720: / Line 732: @@
 |data-sort-value="Georgia 1922"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Transcaucasian SFSR (1925-1936).svg}} [[Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic|Transcaucasia]]
 |[[Communist Party of Georgia (Soviet Union)|Communist Party of Georgia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|3|12}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
@@ Line 744: / Line 756: @@
 |data-sort-value="Ghana 1964"|{{flag|Ghana|1964}}
 |[[Convention People's Party]]
-|[[Nkrumaism]], [[African socialism]], [[African nationalism]], [[Pan-Africanism]]
+|[[Nkrumaism]]<br>[[African socialism]]<br>[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1964|1|31}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1966|2|24}}
@@ Line 752: / Line 764: @@
 |data-sort-value="Grenada 1979"|{{flagicon|Grenada}} [[People's Revolutionary Government|Grenada]]
 |[[New Jewel Movement]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1979|3|13}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1983|10|25}}
@@ Line 760: / Line 772: @@
 |data-sort-value="Guatemala 1931"|{{flagicon|Guatemala}} [[Guatemala]]
 |[[Progressive Liberal Party (Guatemala)|Progressive Liberal Party]]
-|[[Jorge Ubico|Ubicoism]], [[Liberalism]], [[Nationalism]], [[Anti-communism]]
+|[[Jorge Ubico|Ubicoism]]<br>[[Liberalism]]<br>[[Nationalism]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]
 |1931
 |1944
@@ Line 768: / Line 780: @@
 |data-sort-value="Guatemala 1954"|{{flagicon|Guatemala}} [[Guatemala]]
 |{{flagicon image|MLN Logo.svg}}[[National Liberation Movement (Guatemala)|National Liberation Movement]]
-|[[Neo-fascism]], [[Ultraconservatism]], [[Anti-communism]]
+|[[Neo-fascism]]<br>[[Ultraconservatism]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]
 |1954
 |1958
@@ Line 776: / Line 788: @@
 |data-sort-value="Guinea 1958"|{{flag|Guinea}}
 |[[Democratic Party of Guinea – African Democratic Rally]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[African socialism]], [[Pan-Africanism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[African socialism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]
 |1960
 |1984
@@ Line 784: / Line 796: @@
 |data-sort-value="Guinea-Bissau 1974"|{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}
 |[[African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |1974
 |1991
@@ Line 792: / Line 804: @@
 |data-sort-value="Haiti 1957"|{{flagicon|Haiti|1964}} [[Duvalier dynasty|Haiti]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of Haiti (1964–1986, civil).svg}} [[National Unity Party (Haiti)|National Unity Party]]
-|[[Black nationalism]], [[Nationalism|Haitian nationalism]], [[Right-wing populism]], [[Anti-communism]], [[Anti-Americanism]]
+|[[Black nationalism]]<br>[[Nationalism|Haitian nationalism]]<br>[[Right-wing populism]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]<br>[[Anti-Americanism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1957|6|14}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1985|7|22}}
@@ Line 800: / Line 812: @@
 |data-sort-value="Hawaii, Kingdom of Hawaiʻi 1894"|{{flagdeco|Hawaii}} [[Republic of Hawaii|Hawaii]]
 |[[Reform Party (Hawaii)|Reform Party]]
-|[[Americanization|Americanisation]], [[Newlands Resolution|Annexationism]]
+|[[Americanization|Americanisation]]<br>[[Newlands Resolution|Annexationism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1894|7|4}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1898|8|12}}
@@ Line 808: / Line 820: @@
 |data-sort-value="Hungary 1944"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946).svg}} [[Government of National Unity (Hungary)|Government of National Unity]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the Arrow Cross Party 1942 to 1945.svg}} [[Arrow Cross Party]]
-|[[Arrow Cross Party#Ideology|Magyarism]], [[Fascism]], [[Collaborationism]], [[Agrarianism]]
+|[[Arrow Cross Party#Ideology|Magyarism]]<br>[[Fascism]]<br>[[Collaborationism]]<br>[[Agrarianism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1944|10|16}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|5|7}}
@@ Line 816: / Line 828: @@
 |data-sort-value="Hungary 1949"|{{flagd|HPR|1949}}{{flagd|HPR|rev}}{{flagd|HPR|1956}} [[Hungarian People's Republic|Hungary]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Hungarian Working People's Party.svg}} [[Hungarian Working People's Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Stalinism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1949|8|20}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1956|10|31}}
@@ Line 824: / Line 836: @@
 |data-sort-value="Hungary 1956"|{{flagd|HPR|rev}}{{flagd|HPR|1956}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Hungary.svg}} [[Hungarian People's Republic|Hungary]]
 |[[Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Goulash Communism|Kádárism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Goulash Communism|Kádárism]]
-|{{dts|format=dmy|1956|10|31}}
+|{{dts|format=dmy|1956|11|4}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1989|10|16}}
 |{{ayd|1956|10|31|1989|10|16}}
@@ Line 832: / Line 844: @@
 |data-sort-value="Indonesia 1945"|{{flag|Indonesia}}
 |[[Indonesian National Party]]
-|[[Nationalism]], [[Marhaenism]]
+|[[Nationalism]]<br>[[Marhaenism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|8|17}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|11|3}}
@@ Line 840: / Line 852: @@
 |data-sort-value="Iran 1975"|{{flagicon|Iran|1964}} [[Pahlavi Iran|Imperial State of Iran]]
 |[[Rastakhiz Party]]
-|[[Monarchism]], [[Populism]], [[Secularism]], [[Democratic centralism]], [[Third Position]]
+|[[Monarchism]]<br>[[Populism]]<br>[[Secularism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[Third Position]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1975|3|2}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1978|11|1}}
@@ Line 848: / Line 860: @@
 |data-sort-value="Iraq 1964"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Iraq (1959-1963).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Iraq (1963-1991).svg}} [[Iraqi Republic (1958–1968)|Iraq]]
 |[[Arab Socialist Union (Iraq)|Iraqi Arab Socialist Union]]
-|[[Arab nationalism]], [[Arab socialism]], [[Pan-Arabism]], [[Nasserism]]
+|[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br>[[Nasserism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1964|7|14}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1968|7|17}}
@@ Line 856: / Line 868: @@
 |data-sort-value="Iraq 1968"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Iraq (1963-1991).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Iraq (1991-2004).svg}} [[Ba'athist Iraq|Iraq]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg}} [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region|Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party]]
-|[[Saddamism|Saddamist Ba'athism]], [[Arab nationalism]], [[Arab socialism]], [[Pan-Arabism]], [[militarism]]
+|[[Saddamism|Saddamist Ba'athism]]<br>[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br>[[Militarism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1968|7|17}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|2003|4|9}}
@@ Line 864: / Line 876: @@
 |data-sort-value="Italy 1928"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg}} [[Fascist Italy]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the National Fascist Party (PNF) variant 2.svg}} [[National Fascist Party]]
-|[[Fascism]], [[Corporatism]], [[Ultranationalism]], [[Totalitarianism]]
+|[[Fascism]]<br>[[Corporatism]]<br>[[Ultranationalism]]<br>[[Totalitarianism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1928|5|17}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Delzell |first=Charles Floyd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e7qwCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA70 |title=Mediterranean Fascism 1919–1945 |date=1971-06-18 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-349-00240-5 |language=en}}</ref>
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1943|7|27}}
@@ Line 872: / Line 884: @@
 |data-sort-value="Italy 1943"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Italy.svg}} [[Italian Social Republic]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the National Fascist Party (PNF) variant 2.svg}} [[Republican Fascist Party]]
-|[[Fascism]], [[Corporatism]], [[Ultranationalism]], [[Totalitarianism]], [[Antisemitism]], [[Collaborationism]]
+|[[Fascism]]<br>[[Corporatism]]<br>[[Ultranationalism]]<br>[[Totalitarianism]]<br>[[Antisemitism]]<br>[[Collaborationism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1943|9|13}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|4|28}}
@@ Line 880: / Line 892: @@
 |data-sort-value="Ivory Coast 1960"|{{flag|Ivory Coast}}
 |[[Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Conservatism]], [[Populism]], [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny|Houphouëtism]], [[Pan-Africanism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Conservatism]]<br>[[Populism]]<br>[[Félix Houphouët-Boigny|Houphouëtism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]
 |1960
 |1990
@@ Line 888: / Line 900: @@
 |data-sort-value="Japan 1940"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Japan (1870–1999).svg}} [[Empire of Japan]]
 |[[Imperial Rule Assistance Association]]
-|[[Statism in Shōwa Japan|Shōwa statism]], [[Militarism]]
+|[[Statism in Shōwa Japan|Shōwa statism]]<br>[[Militarism]]
 |1940
 |1945
@@ Line 896: / Line 908: @@
 |data-sort-value="Japan 1942"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Japan (1870–1999).svg}} [[Philippine Executive Commission]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of Kalibapi.svg}} [[KALIBAPI|Association for Service to the New Philippines]]
-|[[Filipino nationalism]], [[National conservatism]], [[Fascism]], [[Japanophilia]], [[Wartime collaboration#Definitions|collaborationism]]
+|[[Filipino nationalism]]<br>[[National conservatism]]<br>[[Fascism]]<br>[[Japanophilia]]<br>[[Wartime collaboration#Definitions|Collaborationism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1942|12|8}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1943|10|14}}
@@ Line 904: / Line 916: @@
 |data-sort-value="Kampuchea 1975"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg}} [[Democratic Kampuchea|Kampuchea]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Banner of the Communist Party of Kampuchea.svg}} [[Communist Party of Kampuchea]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Agrarianism]], [[Autarky]], [[Khmer nationalism]], [[Ultranationalism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Agrarianism]]<br>[[Autarky]]<br>[[Khmer nationalism]]<br>[[Ultranationalism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1975|4|17}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1979|1|07}}
@@ Line 911: / Line 923: @@
 |data-sort-value="Kenya 1982"|{{flag|Kenya}}
 |[[Kenya African National Union]]
-|Kenyan [[nationalism]], [[Conservatism]]
+|Kenyan [[nationalism]]<br>[[Conservatism]]
 |1969 (''de facto'')<br>1982 (''de jure'')
 |1991
@@ Line 919: / Line 931: @@
 |data-sort-value="South Korea 1951"|{{flag|First Republic of Korea}}
 |[[Liberal Party (South Korea)|Liberal Party]]
-|[[Ilminism]], [[Conservatism]], [[Korean nationalism]]
+|[[Ilminism]]<br>[[Conservatism]]<br>[[Korean nationalism]]
 |17 December 1951
 |19 April 1960
@@ Line 927: / Line 939: @@
 |data-sort-value="South Korea 1963"|{{flag|Third Republic of Korea}}
 |[[Democratic Republican Party (South Korea)|Democratic Republican Party]]
-|[[Korean nationalism]], [[Conservatism]], [[Corporatism]]
+|[[Korean nationalism]]<br>[[Conservatism]]<br>[[Corporatism]]
 |2 February 1963
 |12 December 1979
@@ Line 935: / Line 947: @@
 |data-sort-value="South Korea 1981"|{{flag|Fifth Republic of Korea}}
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Democratic Justice Party (1987-1990).svg}}[[Democratic Justice Party]]
-|[[Conservatism]], [[Authoritarianism]]
+|[[Conservatism]]<br>[[Authoritarianism]]
 |15 January 1981
 |16 December 1987
@@ Line 943: / Line 955: @@
 |data-sort-value="Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Independent State of Croatia 1941" |{{flagicon image|Flag of Independent State of Croatia.svg}} [[Independent State of Croatia]]
 |[[Ustaše|Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Movement]]
-|[[Greater Croatia|Croatian irredentism]], [[Croatian nationalism|Croatian]] [[ultranationalism]], [[National conservatism]], [[Social conservatism]], [[Clerical fascism]], [[Corporatism#Fascist corporatism|Fascist corporatism]], [[Catholic Church and politics|Political Catholicism]], [[Anti-communism]]
+|[[Greater Croatia|Croatian irredentism]]<br>[[Croatian nationalism|Croatian]] [[ultranationalism]]<br>[[National conservatism]]<br>[[Social conservatism]]<br>[[Clerical fascism]]<br>[[Corporatism#Fascist corporatism|Fascist corporatism]]<br>[[Catholic Church and politics|Political Catholicism]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1941|4|10}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|5|08}}
@@ Line 951: / Line 963: @@
 |data-sort-value="Latvia 1918"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Latvian SSR (1918-1920).svg}} [[Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic|Latvia]]
 |[[Communist Party of Latvia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[democratic centralism]]<br>[[state socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1918|12|17}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1920|1|13}}
@@ Line 959: / Line 971: @@
 |data-sort-value="Latvia 1940"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Latvian SSR (1940-1953).svg}} [[Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic|Latvia]]
 |[[Communist Party of Latvia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|7|21}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|8|5}}
@@ Line 967: / Line 979: @@
 |data-sort-value="Liberia"|{{flagicon|Liberia}} [[History of Liberia#Americo-Liberian rule (1847–1980)|Liberia]]
 |[[True Whig Party]]
-|[[Black conservatism]], [[Centralization]], [[Protectionism]], [[Whig Party (United States)#Ideology and policies|Whiggism]] (until 1940s)
+|[[Black conservatism]]<br>[[Centralization]]<br>[[Protectionism]]<br>[[Whig Party (United States)#Ideology and policies|Whiggism]] (until 1940s)
 |1878
 |April 1980
@@ Line 975: / Line 987: @@
 |data-sort-value="Libya 1971"|{{flagicon|Libya|1969}} [[History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi#Libyan Arab Republic|Libya]]
 |[[Arab Socialist Union (Libya)|Arab Socialist Union]]
-|[[Arab nationalism]], [[Arab socialism]], [[Pan-Arabism]], [[Nasserism]]
+|[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br>[[Nasserism]]
 |1971
 |1977
@@ Line 983: / Line 995: @@
 |data-sort-value="Lithuania 1919"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR.svg}} [[Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia|Lithuania–Byelorussia]]
 |[[Communist Party (bolsheviks) of Lithuania and Belorussia|Communist Party of Lithuania and Belorussia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1919|2|17}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1919|7|17}}
@@ Line 991: / Line 1,003: @@
 | data-sort-value="Lithuania 1927" |{{flagicon|Lithuania|1939}} [[Lithuania]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of Lithuanian National Union.svg}} [[Lithuanian Nationalist Union]]
-|[[Lithuanian nationalism]], [[National conservatism]], [[Social conservatism]], [[Fascist corporatism]], [[Anti-communism]]
+|[[Lithuanian nationalism]]<br>[[National conservatism]]<br>[[Social conservatism]]<br>[[Fascist corporatism]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]
-|1926<ref>[https://cris.mruni.eu/server/api/core/bitstreams/28fde780-25ce-44fa-bbba-7887e33ada25/content Ivanauskaitė-Pettinari, Kristina. POLITINIŲ PARTIJŲ TEISINIO STATUSO RAIDA LIETUVOJE 1918–1940 M. Doctoral dissertation. p. 1937]</ref>
+|1926<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cris.mruni.eu/server/api/core/bitstreams/28fde780-25ce-44fa-bbba-7887e33ada25/content|title=Ivanauskaitė-Pettinari, Kristina. POLITINIŲ PARTIJŲ TEISINIO STATUSO RAIDA LIETUVOJE 1918–1940 M. Doctoral dissertation. p. 1937}}</ref>
 |1940
 |14 years
@@ Line 999: / Line 1,011: @@
 |data-sort-value="Lithuania 1940"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Lithuanian SSR (1940-1953).svg}} [[Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic|Lithuania]]
 |[[Communist Party of Lithuania]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|7|21}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|8|3}}
@@ Line 1,007: / Line 1,019: @@
 |data-sort-value="Madagascar 1976"|{{flagicon|Madagascar}} [[Democratic Republic of Madagascar]]
 |[[Malagasy Revolutionary Party|National Front for the Defense of the Revolution]]
-|[[Left-wing nationalism]], [[Scientific socialism]]
+|[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br>[[Scientific socialism]]
 |1976
 |1989
@@ Line 1,015: / Line 1,027: @@
 |data-sort-value="Malawi 1964"|{{flag|Malawi}}
 |[[Malawi Congress Party]]
-|[[Ubuntu philosophy|Ubuntu]], [[Conservatism]], [[African nationalism]], Anti-[[colonialism]]
+|[[Ubuntu philosophy|Ubuntu]]<br>[[Conservatism]]<br>[[African nationalism]]<br>Anti-[[colonialism]]
 |1964
 |1993
@@ Line 1,023: / Line 1,035: @@
 |data-sort-value="Mali 1960"|{{Flagicon image|Flag of Mali (1959–1961).svg}}{{flag|Mali}}
 |[[Sudanese Union – African Democratic Rally]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Pan-Africanism]], [[African socialism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]<br>[[African socialism]]
 |1960
 |1968
@@ Line 1,031: / Line 1,043: @@
 |data-sort-value="Mali 1976"|{{flag|Mali}}
 |[[Democratic Union of the Malian People]]
-|[[African socialism]], [[Democratic centralism]]
+|[[African socialism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]
 |1976
 |1991
@@ Line 1,039: / Line 1,051: @@
 |data-sort-value="Manchukuo 1932"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Manchukuo.svg}} [[Manchukuo]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of Concordia Association.svg}} [[Concordia Association]]
-|[[Fascism]], [[Monarchism]], [[Manchurian nationalism]], [[Pan-Asianism]], [[Anti-communism]], [[Personalism]], [[Wartime collaboration#Definitions|collaborationism]]
+|[[Fascism]]<br>[[Monarchism]]<br>[[Manchurian nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Asianism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1932|4|1}}<ref name="Concordia Association2">{{Cite book |last=MacKinnon |first=Stephen R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zeSeAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA136 |title=China at War: Regions of China, 1937-45 |date=2007 |publisher=Stanford University Press |isbn=978-0-8047-5509-2 |language=en}}</ref>
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|5|1}}<ref name="Concordia Association2" />
@@ Line 1,047: / Line 1,059: @@
 |data-sort-value="Mauritania 1961"|{{flag|Mauritania|1959}}
 |[[Mauritanian People's Party]]
-|[[Nationalism]], [[Centralisation|Centralism]], [[Islamic socialism]]
+|[[Nationalism]]<br>[[Centralisation|Centralism]]<br>[[Islamic socialism]]
 |1961
 |1978
@@ Line 1,055: / Line 1,067: @@
 |{{Flag|Mexico}}
 |[[Institutional Revolutionary Party]]
-|[[Revolutionary nationalism]], [[Big tent]]
+|[[Revolutionary nationalism]]<br>[[Big tent]]
 |{{DTS|format=dmy|1929|3|4}}
 ||[[2000 Mexican general election|{{DTS|format=dmy|2000|7|2}}]]
@@ Line 1,063: / Line 1,075: @@
 |data-sort-value="Mongolia 1921"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1924-1930).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1930-1940).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1940-1945).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1940-1992).svg}} [[Mongolian People's Republic|Mongolia]]
 |[[Mongolian People's Party|Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |1921
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1990|7|29}}
@@ Line 1,070: / Line 1,082: @@
 |-
 |data-sort-value="Mozambique 1975"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Mozambique (1974-1975).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Mozambique (1975-1983).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Mozambique (1983).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Mozambique.svg}} [[People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambique]]
-|{{Flagicon image|Flag of FRELIMO (1997–2004).svg}} [[FRELIMO]]
+|{{Flagicon image|Flag of FRELIMO (until 2004).svg}} [[FRELIMO]]
 |[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1975|6|25}}
@@ Line 1,079: / Line 1,091: @@
 |data-sort-value="Niger 1960"|{{flag|Niger}}
 |[[Nigerien Progressive Party – African Democratic Rally]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Pan-Africanism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]
 |1960
 |1974
@@ Line 1,095: / Line 1,107: @@
 |data-sort-value="North Vietnam 1945"|{{flag|North Vietnam|1945|name=Vietnam}} (partially)
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Vietnam.svg}} [[Communist Party of Vietnam|Workers' Party of North Vietnam]] ([[Viet Minh|League for the Independence of Vietnam]])
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|9|2}}
 |1946{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}
@@ Line 1,103: / Line 1,115: @@
 |data-sort-value="North Vietnam 1955"|{{flag|North Vietnam}}
 |[[Communist Party of Vietnam|Workers' Party of North Vietnam]] ([[Vietnamese Fatherland Front]])
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]
 |1955
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1976|7|2}}
@@ Line 1,111: / Line 1,123: @@
 |data-sort-value="North Yemen 1982"|{{flag|North Yemen}}
 |{{Flagicon image|General People's Congress flag.svg}} [[General People's Congress (Yemen)|General People's Congress]]
-|[[Yemen]]i [[nationalism]], [[Arab nationalism]], [[Pan-Arabism]], [[Big tent]]
+|[[Yemen]]i [[nationalism]]<br>[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br>[[Big tent]]
 |1982
 |1988
@@ Line 1,119: / Line 1,131: @@
 |data-sort-value="Norway 1940"|{{flagicon|Norway}} [[Quisling regime|National Government]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of Nasjonal Samling.svg}} [[Nasjonal Samling|National Rally]]
-|[[Fascism]], [[Nazism]], [[Fascist corporatism]], [[Anti-communism]], [[Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy|Collaborationism]]
+|[[Fascism]]<br>[[Nazism]]<br>[[Fascist corporatism]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]<br>[[Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy|Collaborationism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|9|25}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|5|8}}
@@ Line 1,135: / Line 1,147: @@
 |data-sort-value="Paraguay 1947"|{{flagicon|Paraguay}} [[Paraguay]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Bandera Partido Colorado de Paraguay.svg}} [[Colorado Party (Paraguay)|Colorado Party]]
-|[[Conservatism]], [[national conservatism]]
+|[[Conservatism]]<br>[[National conservatism]]
 |1947
 |1962
@@ Line 1,143: / Line 1,155: @@
 |data-sort-value="Persia 1920"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Persian Socialist Soviet Republic.svg}} [[Persian Socialist Soviet Republic|Persia]]
 |[[Communist Party of Persia]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |1920
 |1921
@@ Line 1,159: / Line 1,171: @@
 |data-sort-value="Poland 1947"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Poland.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Poland (with coat of arms, 1980-1990).svg}} [[Polish People's Republic|Poland]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Polish United Workers' Party flag.svg}} [[Polish United Workers' Party]] ([[Front of National Unity]])
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1947|2|5}}
-|{{dts|format=dmy|1982|7}}
+|{{dts|format=dmy|1982|7|20}}
 |
 |Europe
@@ Line 1,167: / Line 1,179: @@
 |data-sort-value="Poland 1982"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Poland.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Poland (with coat of arms, 1980-1990).svg}} [[Polish People's Republic|Poland]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Polish United Workers' Party flag.svg}} [[Polish United Workers' Party]] ([[Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth]])
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
-|{{dts|format=dmy|1982|7}}
+|{{dts|format=dmy|1982|7|20}}
-|{{dts|format=dmy|1989|8|24}}
+|{{dts|format=dmy|1989|4|7}}
 |
 |Europe
@@ Line 1,175: / Line 1,187: @@
 |data-sort-value="Portugal 1930"|{{flagicon|Portugal}} [[Estado Novo (Portugal)|Portugal]]
 |{{flagicon image|União Nacional Flag.svg}} [[National Union (Portugal)|National Union]]
-|[[António de Oliveira Salazar|Salazarism]], [[corporatism]], [[Integralismo Lusitano]]
+|[[António de Oliveira Salazar|Salazarism]]<br>[[corporatism]]<br>[[Integralismo Lusitano]]
-|{{dts|format=dmy|1930|7|30}}<ref name="National Union (Portugal)2">[http://portugal-info.net/history/second-republic.htm 12th Period - Second Republic of Portugal]</ref>
+|{{dts|format=dmy|1930|7|30}}<ref name="National Union (Portugal)2">{{Cite web|url=http://portugal-info.net/history/second-republic.htm|title=Portugal > History and Events > Date Table > Second Republic|website=portugal-info.net}}</ref>
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|10|8}}<ref name="National Union (Portugal)2"/>
 |
@@ Line 1,183: / Line 1,195: @@
 |data-sort-value="Portugal 1948"|{{flagicon|Portugal}} [[Estado Novo (Portugal)|Portugal]]
 |{{flagicon image|União Nacional Flag.svg}} [[National Union (Portugal)|National Union]]
-|[[António de Oliveira Salazar|Salazarism]], [[corporatism]], [[Integralismo Lusitano]]
+|[[António de Oliveira Salazar|Salazarism]]<br>[[corporatism]]<br>[[Integralismo Lusitano]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1948|1|31}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Raby |first=D. L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2sZRAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA29 |title=Fascism and Resistance in Portugal: Communists, Liberals and Military Dissidents in the Opposition to Salazar, 1941-1974 |date=1988 |publisher=Manchester University Press |isbn=978-0-7190-2514-3 |language=en}}</ref>
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1969|9|}}{{NoteTag|Following the appointment of [[Marcelo Caetano]] as Prime Minister in 1968, the opposition was allowed to run to the [[1969 Portuguese legislative election]], before being banned.}}
@@ Line 1,191: / Line 1,203: @@
 |data-sort-value="Portugal 1970"|{{flagicon|Portugal}} [[Estado Novo (Portugal)|Portugal]]
 |{{flagicon image|União Nacional Flag.svg}} [[National Union (Portugal)|People's National Action]] (formerly National Union)
-|[[Corporatism]], [[Integralismo Lusitano]]
+|[[Corporatism]]<br>[[Integralismo Lusitano]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1970||}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1974|4|25}}
@@ Line 1,199: / Line 1,211: @@
 |data-sort-value="Romania 1938"|{{flagicon|Romania}} [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the National Renaissance Front.svg}} [[National Renaissance Front]]
-|[[Big tent]], [[Romanian nationalism]], [[Monarchism]]
+|[[Big tent]]<br>[[Romanian nationalism]]<br>[[Monarchism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1938|12|16}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|9|6}}
@@ Line 1,207: / Line 1,219: @@
 |data-sort-value="Romania 1940"|{{flagicon|Romania}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Legionary Movement.png}} [[National Legionary State]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the Iron Guard (Legion of the Archangel Michael or Legionary Movement).svg}} [[Iron Guard]]
-|[[Legionarism]], [[clerical fascism]], [[Christian nationalism]]
+|[[Legionarism]]<br>[[Clerical fascism]]<br>[[Christian nationalism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1940|9|6}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1941|1|23}}
@@ Line 1,215: / Line 1,227: @@
 |data-sort-value="Romania 1948"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1948-1952).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1952-1965).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg}} [[Socialist Republic of Romania|Romania]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of PCR.svg}} [[Romanian Communist Party]] ([[People's Democratic Front (Romania)|People's Democratic Front]])
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1948|2|5}}
 |1968
@@ Line 1,223: / Line 1,235: @@
 |data-sort-value="Romania 1968"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1948-1952).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1952-1965).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg}} [[Socialist Republic of Romania|Romania]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of PCR.svg}} [[Romanian Communist Party]] ([[Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy|Front of Socialist Unity]])
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[National communism in Romania|National Communism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[National communism in Romania|National Communism]]
 |1968
 |1980
@@ Line 1,231: / Line 1,243: @@
 |data-sort-value="Romania 1980"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1948-1952).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1952-1965).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg}} [[Socialist Republic of Romania|Romania]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of PCR.svg}} [[Romanian Communist Party]] ([[Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy]])
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[National communism in Romania|National Communism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[National communism in Romania|National Communism]]
 |1980
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1989|12|29}}
@@ Line 1,247: / Line 1,259: @@
 |data-sort-value="Rwanda 1978"|{{flag|Rwanda|1962}}
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development (MRND).svg}} [[National Revolutionary Movement for Development]]
-|[[Hutu Power]], [[Ultranationalism]], [[Social conservatism]], [[Anti-communism]]
+|[[Hutu Power]]<br>[[Ultranationalism]]<br>[[Social conservatism]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]
 |1978
 |1991
@@ Line 1,255: / Line 1,267: @@
 |data-sort-value="San Marino 1926"|{{flagicon|San Marino}} [[San Marino]]
 |[[Sammarinese Fascist Party]]
-|[[Italian fascism]], [[Corporatism]]
+|[[Italian fascism]]<br>[[Corporatism]]
 |1926
 |1943
@@ Line 1,271: / Line 1,283: @@
 |data-sort-value="Senegal 1966"|{{flag|Senegal}}
 |[[Socialist Party of Senegal]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[African socialism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[African socialism]]
 |1966
 |1974
@@ Line 1,279: / Line 1,291: @@
 |data-sort-value="Seychelles 1977"|{{flag|Seychelles|1977}}
 |[[United Seychelles|Seychelles People's Progressive Front]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism-Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism-Leninism]]
 |1979
 |1991
@@ Line 1,287: / Line 1,299: @@
 |data-sort-value="Sierra Leone 1978"|{{flag|Sierra Leone}}
 |[[All People's Congress]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Democratic socialism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Democratic socialism]]
 |1978
 |1991
@@ Line 1,295: / Line 1,307: @@
 |data-sort-value="Slovakia 1939"|{{flagicon image|Flag of First Slovak Republic 1939-1945.svg}} [[Slovak Republic (1939–1945)|Slovak Republic]]
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the Hlinka party (1938–1945) variant 2.svg}} [[Slovak People's Party|Hlinka's Slovak People's Party – Party of Slovak National Unity]]
-|[[Clerical fascism]], [[Slovak nationalism]]
+|[[Clerical fascism]]<br>[[Slovak nationalism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1939|3|14}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|5|8}}
@@ Line 1,303: / Line 1,315: @@
 |data-sort-value="Somalia 1976"|{{flagicon|Somalia}} [[Somali Democratic Republic|Somalia]]
 |[[Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party]]
-|[[Islamic socialism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Greater Somalia|Pan-Somalism]]
+|[[Islamic socialism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Greater Somalia|Pan-Somalism]]<br>[[Scientific socialism]]<br>[[Somali nationalism]]
-[[Scientific socialism]], [[Somali nationalism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1976|7}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1991|1|26}}
@@ Line 1,312: / Line 1,323: @@
 |data-sort-value="South Yemen 1967"|{{flag|South Yemen|name=People's Republic of Southern Yemen}}
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of the Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf.svg}} [[National Liberation Front (South Yemen)|National Liberation Front]],
-{{Flagicon image|Yemeni Socialist Party Flag.svg}} [[Yemeni Socialist Party]]
+{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Yemeni Socialist Party (bigger star version).svg}} [[Yemeni Socialist Party]]
-|[[Arab nationalism]], [[Arab socialism]]
+|[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1967|11|30}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1978|10|31}}
@@ Line 1,320: / Line 1,331: @@
 |-
 |data-sort-value="South Yemen 1978"|{{flag|South Yemen|name=People's Democratic Republic of Yemen}}
-|{{Flagicon image|Yemeni Socialist Party Flag.svg}} [[Yemeni Socialist Party]]
+|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Yemeni Socialist Party (bigger star version).svg}} [[Yemeni Socialist Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1978|10|31}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1990|5|22}}
@@ Line 1,328: / Line 1,339: @@
 |-
 |data-sort-value="South Yemen 1994"|{{flagicon image|Flag of South Yemen.svg}} [[Democratic Republic of Yemen]]
-|{{Flagicon image|Yemeni Socialist Party Flag.svg}} [[Yemeni Socialist Party]]
+|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Yemeni Socialist Party (bigger star version).svg}} [[Yemeni Socialist Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1994|5|21}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1994|7|7}}
@@ Line 1,337: / Line 1,348: @@
 |data-sort-value="Soviet Union 1918"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Commune of the Working People of Estonia.svg}} [[Commune of the Working People of Estonia|Estonia]]
 |[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Russian Communist Party]] (Central Committee of the Estonian Sections)
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1918|11|29}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1919|6|5}}
@@ Line 1,345: / Line 1,356: @@
 |data-sort-value="Soviet Union 1918"|{{flagicon image|Flag the Russian SFSR (1918).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Russian SFSR (1918-1920).svg}} [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]]
 |[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Russian Communist Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1918|3|8}}<ref name="The Constitution of the Russian Federation: A Contextual Analysis By Jane Henderson2" />
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
@@ Line 1,353: / Line 1,364: @@
 |data-sort-value="Soviet Union 1918"|{{flagicon image|Flag the Russian SFSR (1918).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Russian SFSR (1918-1920).svg}} [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]]
 |[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Russian Social Democratic Labour Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1918|1|19}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1918|3|8}}<ref name="The Constitution of the Russian Federation: A Contextual Analysis By Jane Henderson2">{{Cite book |last=Henderson |first=Jane |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gBncBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1 |title=The Constitution of the Russian Federation: A Contextual Analysis |date=2011-05-04 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-84731-648-6 |language=en}}</ref>
@@ Line 1,361: / Line 1,372: @@
 |data-sort-value="Soviet Union 1922"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union (1923).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union (1924).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union (1924-1936).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union.svg}} [[Soviet Union|Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]]
 |[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Russian Communist Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1925|12|31}}<ref name="The Constitution of the Russian Federation: A Contextual Analysis By Jane Henderson2" />
@@ Line 1,369: / Line 1,380: @@
 |data-sort-value="Soviet Union 1925"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union (1924).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union (1924-1936).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union (1936-1955).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union.svg}} [[Soviet Union|Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]]
 |[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|All-Union Communist Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]], [[Stalinism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1925|12|31}}<ref name="The Constitution of the Russian Federation: A Contextual Analysis By Jane Henderson2" />
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1952|10|13}}<ref name="The Constitution of the Russian Federation: A Contextual Analysis By Jane Henderson2" />
@@ Line 1,377: / Line 1,388: @@
 |data-sort-value="Soviet Union 1952"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union (1936-1955).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union (1955-1980).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union.svg}} [[Soviet Union|Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]]
 |[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1952|10|13}}<ref name="The Constitution of the Russian Federation: A Contextual Analysis By Jane Henderson2" />
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1990|10|9}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kumar |first=Kundan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8mN6O0Hc-LYC&pg=PA222 |title=Ideology And Political System |date=2003 |publisher=Discovery Publishing House |isbn=978-81-7141-638-7 |language=en}}</ref>
@@ Line 1,385: / Line 1,396: @@
 |data-sort-value="Spain 1924"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg}} [[Restoration (Spain)|Kingdom of Spain]]
 |[[Patriotic Union (Spain)|Patriotic Union]]
-|[[Spanish nationalism]], [[Catholic Church and politics|Political Catholicism]], [[Monarchism]], [[Conservatism]]
+|[[Spanish nationalism]]<br>[[Catholic Church and politics|Political Catholicism]]<br>[[Monarchism]]<br>[[Conservatism]]
 |1924
 |1930
@@ Line 1,393: / Line 1,404: @@
 |data-sort-value="Spain 1939"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Spain (1945–1977).svg}} [[Francoist Spain|Spanish State]]
 |{{flagicon image|Bandera FE JONS.svg}} [[FET y de las JONS]]
-|[[Francoist Spain#Francoism|Francoism]], [[Falangism]], [[Spanish nationalism]], [[Traditionalism (Spain)|traditionalism]], [[National Catholicism]], [[Liberalism#Criticism and support|anti-liberalism]], [[corporatism]]
+|[[Francoist Spain#Francoism|Francoism]]<br>[[Falangism]]<br>[[Spanish nationalism]]<br>[[Traditionalism (Spain)|traditionalism]]<br>[[National Catholicism]]<br>[[Liberalism#Criticism and support|anti-liberalism]]<br>[[corporatism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1939|4|1}}
-|{{dts|format=dmy|1976|7|6}}<ref>[https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1976-11502 Law 21/1976, of 14 June, on the Right of Political Association.]</ref>
+|{{dts|format=dmy|1976|7|6}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1976-11502|title=BOE-A-1976-11502 Ley 21/1976, de 14 de junio, sobre el Derecho de Asociación Política.|website=www.boe.es}}</ref>
 |
 |Europe
@@ Line 1,401: / Line 1,412: @@
 |data-sort-value="Sudan 1971"|{{flagicon|Sudan}} [[Democratic Republic of the Sudan]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Sudanese Socialist Union.svg}} [[Sudanese Socialist Union]]
-|[[Arab nationalism]], [[Arab socialism]], [[Anti-communism]]
+|[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]<br>[[Anti-communism]]
 |1971
 |1985
@@ Line 1,409: / Line 1,420: @@
 |data-sort-value="Sudan 1989"|{{flag|Sudan}}
 |[[National Congress Party (Sudan)|National Congress Party]]
-|[[Islamism]], [[Arab nationalism]], [[Salafi movement|Salafism]], [[Social conservatism]]
+|[[Islamism]]<br>[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Salafi movement|Salafism]]<br>[[Social conservatism]]
 |1989
 |2005
@@ Line 1,417: / Line 1,428: @@
 |data-sort-value="Syria 1953"|{{flagdeco|Syria|1932}} [[First Syrian Republic|Syrian Republic]]
 |[[Arab Liberation Movement]]
-|[[Pan-Arabism]], [[Modernization theory|Modernization]], [[Western world|Pro-Western]]
+|[[Syrian nationalism]]<br>[[Modernization theory|Modernization]]<br>[[Western world|Pro-Western]]
 |1953
 |1954
@@ Line 1,425: / Line 1,436: @@
 |data-sort-value="Syria 1963"|{{flagdeco|Syria|1980}} [[Ba'athist Syria|Syrian Arab Republic]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg}} [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region|Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party]] ([[National Progressive Front (Syria)|National Progressive Front]])
-|[[Neo-Ba'athism]]
+|[[Neo-Ba'athism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br>[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]<br>[[Militarism]]
 |8 March 1963
-|{{dts|format=dmy|2012|2|27}}<ref>{{cite web|date=28 February 2012|title=Presidential Decree on Syria's New Constitution|url=http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2012/02/28/403103.htm|access-date=14 March 2012|publisher=[[Syrian Arab News Agency]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Chulov, Martin|date=27 February 2012|title=Syrian regime rockets bombard Homs|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/feb/27/syrian-rockets-bombard-homs|access-date=14 March 2012|work=[[The Guardian]]|publisher=Guardian News and Media}}</ref><br>{{dts|format=dmy|2024|12|8}} (''de-facto'') {{NoteTag|While the 2012 constitution introduced by [[Bashar al-Assad]] theoretically enabled the establishment of political parties, Ba'athist Syria remained a de-facto one-party state with an extensive [[General Intelligence Directorate (Syria)|secret police]] apparatus that curtails independent political activities.}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lucas |first=Scott |date=25 February 2021 |title=How Assad Regime Tightened Syria's One-Party Rule |work=EA Worldview |url=https://eaworldview.com/2021/02/how-assad-regime-tightened-syrias-one-party-rule/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225110507/https://eaworldview.com/2021/02/how-assad-regime-tightened-syrias-one-party-rule/ |archive-date=25 February 2021}}</ref>
+|{{dts|format=dmy|2012|2|27}}<ref>{{cite web|date=28 February 2012|title=Presidential Decree on Syria's New Constitution|url=http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2012/02/28/403103.htm|access-date=14 March 2012|publisher=[[Syrian Arab News Agency]]|archive-date=29 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229225906/http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2012/02/28/403103.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Chulov, Martin|date=27 February 2012|title=Syrian regime rockets bombard Homs|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/feb/27/syrian-rockets-bombard-homs|access-date=14 March 2012|work=[[The Guardian]]|publisher=Guardian News and Media}}</ref><br>{{dts|format=dmy|2024|12|8}} (''de-facto'') {{NoteTag|While the 2012 constitution introduced by [[Bashar al-Assad]] theoretically enabled the establishment of political parties, Ba'athist Syria remained a de-facto one-party state with an extensive [[General Intelligence Directorate (Syria)|secret police]] apparatus that curtails independent political activities.}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lucas |first=Scott |date=25 February 2021 |title=How Assad Regime Tightened Syria's One-Party Rule |work=EA Worldview |url=https://eaworldview.com/2021/02/how-assad-regime-tightened-syrias-one-party-rule/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225110507/https://eaworldview.com/2021/02/how-assad-regime-tightened-syrias-one-party-rule/ |archive-date=25 February 2021}}</ref>
 |
 |Asia
@@ Line 1,433: / Line 1,444: @@
 |data-sort-value="São Tomé and Príncipe 1975"|{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}
 |[[Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe – Social Democratic Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |1975
 |1990
@@ Line 1,441: / Line 1,452: @@
 |data-sort-value="Tanganyika 1961"|{{flagcountry|Tanganyika (1961–1964)}}
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of TANU.svg}} [[Tanganyika African National Union]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[African socialism]], [[Ujamaa]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[African socialism]]<br>[[Ujamaa]]
 |1961
 |1977
@@ Line 1,449: / Line 1,460: @@
 |data-sort-value="Tanzania 1977"|{{flag|Tanzania}}
 |[[Chama Cha Mapinduzi]]
-|[[Ujamaa]], [[African socialism]]
+|[[Ujamaa]]<br>[[African socialism]]
 |1977
 |1992
@@ Line 1,465: / Line 1,476: @@
 |data-sort-value="Togo 1969"|{{flag|Togo}}
 |[[Rally of the Togolese People]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Right-wing populism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Right-wing populism]]
 |1969
 |1991
@@ Line 1,473: / Line 1,484: @@
 |data-sort-value="Tunisia 1963"|{{flag|Tunisia|1959}}
 |[[Neo Destour]]
-|[[Tunisian nationalism]], [[Bourguibism]], [[Arab nationalism]], [[secularism]]
+|[[Tunisian nationalism]]<br>[[Bourguibism]]<br>[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Secularism]]
 |1963
 |1964
@@ Line 1,481: / Line 1,492: @@
 |data-sort-value="Tunisia 1964"|{{flag|Tunisia|1959}}
 |[[Socialist Destourian Party]]
-|[[Tunisian nationalism]], [[Secularism]], [[Bourguibism]]
+|[[Tunisian nationalism]]<br>[[Secularism]]<br>[[Bourguibism]]
 |1964
 |1981
@@ Line 1,497: / Line 1,508: @@
 |data-sort-value="Turkmenistan 1992"|{{flag|Turkmenistan}}
 |[[Democratic Party of Turkmenistan]]
-|[[Turkmens|Turkmen]] [[nationalism]], [[Secularism]], [[Social conservatism]], [[Big tent|Catch-all party]]
+|[[Turkmens|Turkmen]] [[nationalism]]<br>[[Secularism]]<br>[[Social conservatism]]<br>[[Big tent|Catch-all party]]
 |1992
 |2008
@@ Line 1,505: / Line 1,516: @@
 |data-sort-value="Tuva 1921"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Tuvinian Peoples Revolutionary Party.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Tannu Tuva (1921-1926).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1926-1930).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1930-1933).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1933-1939).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1941-1943).svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1943-1944).svg}} [[Tuvan People's Republic|Tuva]]
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Tuvinian Peoples Revolutionary Party.svg}} [[Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1921|8|14}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1944|10|11}}
@@ Line 1,513: / Line 1,524: @@
 |data-sort-value="Uganda 1969"|{{flag|Uganda}}
 |{{Flagicon image|Flag of Uganda People's Congress.svg}} [[Uganda People's Congress]]
-|[[Social democracy]], [[African nationalism]], [[Pan-Africanism]]
+|[[Social democracy]]<br>[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]
 |1969
 |1971
@@ Line 1,521: / Line 1,532: @@
 |data-sort-value="Ukraine 1919"|{{flagicon image|Flag of Ukrainian SSR (1919-1929).svg}} [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Ukraine]]
 |[[Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)|Communist Party of Ukraine]]
-|[[Communism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]], [[democratic centralism]], [[state socialism]]
+|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[State socialism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1919|3|10}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1922|12|30}}
@@ Line 1,529: / Line 1,540: @@
 |data-sort-value="United Arab Republic 1958"|{{flag|United Arab Republic}}
 |[[National Union (Egypt)|National Union]]
-|[[Arab nationalism]], [[Arab socialism]], [[Pan-Arabism]]
+|[[Arab nationalism]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]<br>[[Pan-Arabism]]
 |1958
 |1961
@@ Line 1,537: / Line 1,548: @@
 |data-sort-value="Upper Volta 1960"|{{flagicon|Upper Volta}} [[Republic of Upper Volta|Upper Volta]]
 |[[African Democratic Rally (Burkina Faso)|Voltaic Democratic Union-African Democratic Rally]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Pan-Africanism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]
 |1960
 |1966
@@ Line 1,545: / Line 1,556: @@
 |data-sort-value="Yugoslavia 1929"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.svg}} [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]
 |[[Yugoslav National Party|Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy]]
-|[[Royalism]], [[Yugoslavism|Yugoslav nationalism]], [[Agrarianism]], [[Political unitarism|Centralism]], [[Anti-liberalism]]
+|[[Royalism]]<br>[[Yugoslavism|Yugoslav nationalism]]<br>[[Agrarianism]]<br>[[Political unitarism|Centralism]]<br>[[Anti-liberalism]]
 |1929
 |1931
@@ Line 1,553: / Line 1,564: @@
 |data-sort-value="Yugoslavia 1945"|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of SFR Yugoslavia.svg}} [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]
 |{{Flagicon image|League of Communists of Yugoslavia Flag.svg}} [[League of Communists of Yugoslavia]] ([[People's Front of Yugoslavia|Socialist Alliance of Working People of Yugoslavia]])
-|[[Marxism–Leninism]], [[Titoism]], [[Yugoslavism]]
+|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Titoism]]<br>[[Yugoslavism]]
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1945|11|29}}
 |{{dts|format=dmy|1990|1|22}}
@@ Line 1,561: / Line 1,572: @@
 |data-sort-value="Zaire 1970"|{{flagicon|Zaire}} [[Zaire]]
 |[[Popular Movement of the Revolution]]
-|[[Mobutism]], [[Congolese nationalism (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|Zairean nationalism]], [[Authenticité (Zaire)|Authenticité]]
+|[[Mobutism]]<br>[[Congolese nationalism (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|Zairean nationalism]]<br>[[Authenticité (Zaire)|Authenticité]]
 |1970
 |1990
@@ Line 1,569: / Line 1,580: @@
 |data-sort-value="Zambia 1972"|{{flag|Zambia|1964}}
 |{{Flagicon image|Unip Zambia Flag.png}} [[United National Independence Party]]
-|[[African socialism]], [[African nationalism]]
+|[[African socialism]]<br>[[African nationalism]]
 |1972
 |1990
@@ Line 1,577: / Line 1,588: @@
 |data-sort-value="Zanzibar 1964"|{{flag|Zanzibar}}
 |{{flagicon image|Flag of Afro-Shirazi party.svg}} [[Afro-Shirazi Party]]
-|[[African nationalism]], [[Marxism–Leninism]]
+|[[African nationalism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
 |1964
 |1977

One-party state: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:20, 11 November 2025

Current one-party states

De facto one-party states

Former one-party states

See also

Notes

References

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