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| name = Pollock | | name = Pollock | ||
| image = Pollachius pollachius aquarium.jpg | | image = Pollachius pollachius aquarium.jpg | ||
| image_caption = ''[[Pollachius pollachius]]'' | |||
| image2 = Pollachius virens 01.jpg | |||
| image2_caption = ''[[Pollachius virens]]'' | |||
| taxon = Pollachius | | taxon = Pollachius | ||
| authority = [[Sven Nilsson (zoologist)|Nilsson]], 1832 | | authority = [[Sven Nilsson (zoologist)|Nilsson]], 1832 | ||
| type_species = ''Pollachius pollachius'' | | type_species = ''[[Pollachius pollachius]]'' | ||
| type_species_authority = Nilsson, 1832 (Linnaeus, 1758) | | type_species_authority = Nilsson, 1832 (Linnaeus, 1758) | ||
| subdivision_ranks = Species | | subdivision_ranks = Species | ||
| subdivision = | | subdivision = | ||
| synonyms = ''Asellus'' <small>Minding, 1832</small> | | synonyms = ''Asellus'' <small>Minding, 1832</small> | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Pollock''' or '''pollack'''<ref>{{cite book|editor=Kirkpatrick, E. M.|title=[[Chambers 20th Century Dictionary]] |edition= New |year= 1983|publisher= Chambers|location= Edinburgh|isbn= 0550102345|page= 904}}</ref> (pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|ɒ|l|ə|k|}}) is the common name used for either of the two [[species]] of [[North Atlantic]] [[ocean|marine]] [[fish]] in the [[genus]] '''''Pollachius'''''. ''[[Pollachius pollachius]]'' is referred to as "pollock" in [[North America]], [[Ireland]] and the [[United Kingdom]], while ''[[Pollachius virens]]'' is usually known as '''saithe''' or '''coley''' in [[Great Britain]] and [[Ireland]] (derived from the older name '''coalfish''').<ref name="BritishSeaFishing-Pollachius">{{cite web|url= http://britishseafishing.co.uk/pollock-and-coalfish-identification-guide/|title= Pollock and Coalfish Identification Guide|website= Britishseafishing|date= 30 April 2013}}</ref> Other names for ''P. pollachius'' include the '''Atlantic pollock''', '''European pollock''', ''' | '''Pollock''' or '''pollack'''<ref>{{cite book |editor=Kirkpatrick, E. M. |title=[[Chambers 20th Century Dictionary]] |edition= New |year= 1983 |publisher=Chambers |location=Edinburgh |isbn=0550102345 |page=904}}</ref> (pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|ɒ|l|ə|k|}}) is the common name used for either of the two [[species]] of [[North Atlantic]] [[ocean|marine]] [[fish]] in the [[genus]] '''''Pollachius'''''. ''[[Pollachius pollachius]]'' is referred to as "pollock" in [[North America]], [[Ireland]] and the [[United Kingdom]], while ''[[Pollachius virens]]'' is usually known as '''saithe''' or '''coley''' in [[Great Britain]] and [[Ireland]] (derived from the older name '''coalfish''').<ref name="BritishSeaFishing-Pollachius">{{cite web |url= http://britishseafishing.co.uk/pollock-and-coalfish-identification-guide/ |title=Pollock and Coalfish Identification Guide |website=Britishseafishing |date= 30 April 2013}}</ref> Other names for ''P. pollachius'' include the '''Atlantic pollock''', '''European pollock''', '''{{lang|fr|lieu jaune}}''', and '''lythe''' or '''lithe''';<ref> | ||
{{cite book | {{cite book | ||
|last1 | |last1 = Maxwell | ||
|first1 | |first1 = William Hamilton | ||
|author-link1 | |author-link1 = William Hamilton Maxwell | ||
|year | |year = 1853 | ||
|title | |title = Wild Sports and Adventures in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland | ||
|url | |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=I3sVBCLOFdcC | ||
|publication-place = London | |||
|publication-place | |publisher = Geo. Routledge & Co. | ||
|publisher | |pages = 137, 138 | ||
|pages | |access-date = 8 April 2024 | ||
|access-date | |quote = Nature [...] pours myriads of coal-fish and pollocks into every creek or bay [...] The latter fish, under the Linnean appellation of ''Gadus Pollachus'', is called generally 'the Lithe'. [...] To the ferocity of a bull-dog the lithe unites the greyhound's agility. [...] Lithe-fishing demands coarse tackle | ||
|quote | }}. | ||
}} | |||
</ref> while ''P. virens'' is also known as '''Boston blue''' (distinct from [[bluefish]]) and '''silver bill'''. | </ref> while ''P. virens'' is also known as '''Boston blue''' (distinct from [[bluefish]]) and '''silver bill'''. | ||
== Species == | == Species == | ||
The recognized species in this genus are:<ref>{{FishBase genus | genus = Pollachius| month = April | year = 2012}}</ref> | The recognized species in this genus are:<ref>{{FishBase genus | genus = Pollachius| month = April | year = 2012}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ | |||
!Species | |||
!Common name | |||
!Image | |||
|- | |||
|''[[Pollachius pollachius]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758)</small> | |||
|pollack | |||
|[[File:Pollachius pollachius NO.JPG|frameless]] | |||
|- | |||
|''[[Pollachius virens]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> | |||
|coalfish | |||
|[[File:Pollachius virens 218207213 (cropped).jpg|frameless]] | |||
|} | |||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
Both species can grow to {{convert|130|cm|ftin|frac=2|abbr=off}}.<ref name="Fishbase-PPollachius">{{cite web|url=https://www.fishbase.se/summary/34?lang=English|title=Pollachius pollachius summary page|website=FishBase|date=14 May 2023}}</ref> ''P. virens'' can weigh up to {{convert|32|kg|lb|0|abbr=off}}<ref name="Fishbase-PVirens">{{cite web|url=https://www.fishbase.se/summary/1343?lang=English|title=Pollachius virens summary page|website=FishBase|date=14 May 2023}}</ref> and ''P. pollachius'' can weigh up to {{convert|18|kg|lb|0|abbr=off}}.<ref name="Fishbase-PPollachius" /> ''P. virens'' has a strongly defined, silvery [[lateral line]] running down the sides. Above the lateral line, the colour is a greenish black. The belly is white, while ''P. pollachius'' has a distinctly crooked lateral line, grayish to golden belly, and a dark brown back. ''P. pollachius'' also has a strong underbite. It can be found in water up to {{convert|180|m|ft fathom|abbr=off|sigfig=1}} deep over rocks and anywhere in the [[water column]]. | {{more citations needed section |date=July 2025}} | ||
Both species can grow to {{convert|130|cm|ftin|frac=2|abbr=off}}.<ref name="Fishbase-PPollachius">{{cite web |url=https://www.fishbase.se/summary/34?lang=English |title=Pollachius pollachius summary page |website=FishBase |date=14 May 2023}}</ref> ''P. virens'' can weigh up to {{convert|32|kg|lb|0|abbr=off}}<ref name="Fishbase-PVirens">{{cite web |url=https://www.fishbase.se/summary/1343?lang=English |title=Pollachius virens summary page |website= FishBase|date=14 May 2023}}</ref> and ''P. pollachius'' can weigh up to {{convert|18|kg|lb|0|abbr=off}}.<ref name="Fishbase-PPollachius" /> ''P. virens'' has a strongly defined, silvery [[lateral line]] running down the sides. Above the lateral line, the colour is a greenish black. The belly is white, while ''P. pollachius'' has a distinctly crooked lateral line, grayish to golden belly, and a dark brown back. ''P. pollachius'' also has a strong underbite. It can be found in water up to {{convert|180|m|ft fathom|abbr=off|sigfig=1}} deep over rocks and anywhere in the [[water column]]. | |||
== As food == | == As food == | ||
{{common fish}} | {{common fish}} | ||
[[File:Time series for global capture of all pollock.png|thumb | [[File:Time series for global capture of all pollock.png|thumb|right|Global commercial capture of pollock in million tonnes 1950–2010<ref name=FAOdata>Based on data sourced from the relevant [http://www.fao.org/fishery/species/search/en FAO Species Fact Sheets].</ref>]] | ||
[[File:Global total production pollock.png|thumb | [[File:Global total production pollock.png|thumb|right|upright=0.75|The total capture of pollock in 2010 as reported by the FAO was {{convert|3.2|e6tonne|e6ST|abbr=off}}.<ref name=FAOdata />]] | ||
[[Atlantic pollock]] is largely considered to be a [[Whitefish (fisheries term)|whitefish]]. Traditionally a popular source of food in some countries, such as [[Norway]], in the United Kingdom it has previously been largely consumed as a cheaper and versatile alternative to [[Cod as food|cod]] and [[haddock]]. However, in recent years,{{when|date=August 2019}} pollock has become more popular due to overfishing of [[cod]] and haddock. It can be found in most supermarkets as fresh fillets or prepared freezer items. For example, it is used minced in [[Fishstick|fish fingers]] or as an ingredient in [[Crab stick|imitation crab meat]] and is commonly used to make [[fish and chips]]. | [[Atlantic pollock]] is largely considered to be a [[Whitefish (fisheries term)|whitefish]]. Traditionally a popular source of food in some countries, such as [[Norway]], in the United Kingdom it has previously been largely consumed as a cheaper and versatile alternative to [[Cod as food|cod]] and [[haddock]]. However, in recent years,{{when|date=August 2019}} pollock has become more popular due to overfishing of [[cod]] and haddock. It can be found in most supermarkets as fresh fillets or prepared freezer items. For example, it is used minced in [[Fishstick|fish fingers]] or as an ingredient in [[Crab stick|imitation crab meat]] and is commonly used to make [[fish and chips]]. | ||
Because of its slightly grey colour, pollock{{which|date=January 2021}} is often prepared, as in Norway, as fried [[ | Because of its slightly grey colour, pollock{{which|date=January 2021}} is often prepared, as in Norway, as fried [[fish ball]]s, or if juvenile-sized, breaded with [[oatmeal]] and fried, as in [[Shetland]]. Year-old fish are traditionally split, salted, and dried over a peat hearth in [[Orkney]], where their texture becomes wooden.{{clarify|date=November 2017}} Coalfish can also be salted and smoked and achieve a [[salmon]]-like orange color (although it is not closely related to the salmon), as is the case in Germany, where the fish is commonly sold as {{lang|de|Seelachs}} ("sea salmon").<ref>{{Cite web |title=Verzeichnis der Handelsbezeichnungen für Erzeugnisse der Fischerei und Aquakultur |language=de |trans-title=Catalog of Trade Names for Fishery and Aquaculture Products |url=https://www.ble.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Fischerei/Fischwirtschaft/HandelsbezeichnungDLat.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=24 |access-date=May 18, 2025 |publisher=German Federal Office for Agriculture and Food}}</ref> | ||
In 2009, UK supermarket [[Sainsbury's]] briefly renamed Atlantic pollock "colin" in a bid to boost ecofriendly sales of the fish as an alternative to cod.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/apr/06/sainsburys-pollack-colin-fish-stocks|title=A colin and chips? Sainsbury's gives unfashionable pollack a makeover|website=The Guardian|first1=Rebecca|last1=Smithers|date=5 April 2009}}</ref> Sainsbury's, which said the new name was derived from the French for cooked pollock ([[:fr:Colin (poisson)| | In 2009, UK supermarket [[Sainsbury's]] briefly renamed Atlantic pollock "colin" in a bid to boost ecofriendly sales of the fish as an alternative to cod.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/apr/06/sainsburys-pollack-colin-fish-stocks |title=A colin and chips? Sainsbury's gives unfashionable pollack a makeover |website=The Guardian |first1=Rebecca |last1=Smithers |date=5 April 2009}}</ref> Sainsbury's, which said the new name was derived from the French for cooked pollock ({{lang|fr|[[:fr:Colin (poisson)|colin]]}}), launched the product under the banner "Colin and chips can save British cod." | ||
{{further|Mercury in fish}} | {{further|Mercury in fish}} | ||
Pollock is regarded as a "low-[[Mercury (element)|mercury]] fish" | Pollock is regarded as a "low-[[Mercury (element)|mercury]] fish"{{snd}} a woman weighing {{cvt|60|kg}} can safely eat up to {{convert|18|oz|g|order=flip|abbr=on}} per week, and a child weighing {{cvt|20|kg}} can safely eat up to {{convert|6|oz|g|order=flip|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.consumerreports.org/food-safety/safe-fish-for-pregnant-women/ |title=Which Fish Are Safe for Pregnant Women? |website=[[Consumer Reports]] |date=2017-01-27 |access-date=2019-03-01}}</ref> | ||
== Other fish called pollock == | == Other fish called pollock == | ||
{{Main|Alaska pollock}} | {{Main|Alaska pollock}} | ||
One member of the genus ''[[Gadus]]'' is also commonly referred to as pollock: the [[Alaska pollock]] or walleye pollock (''Gadus chalcogrammus''), including the form known as the [[Norway pollock]]. They are also members of the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Gadidae]] but not members of the genus ''Pollachius''. | One member of the genus ''[[Gadus]]'' is also commonly referred to as pollock: the [[Alaska pollock]] or walleye pollock (''Gadus chalcogrammus''), including the form known as the [[Norway pollock]]. They are also members of the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Gadidae]] but not members of the genus ''Pollachius''. | ||
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== Further reading == | == Further reading == | ||
*{{FishBase genus | genus = Pollachius | year = 2006 | month = June}} | * {{FishBase genus | genus = Pollachius | year = 2006 | month = June}} | ||
*{{FishBase | genus = Pollachius | species = pollachius | year = 2006 | month = June}} | * {{FishBase | genus = Pollachius | species = pollachius | year = 2006 | month = June}} | ||
*{{FishBase | genus = Pollachius | species = virens | year = 2006 | month = June}} | * {{FishBase | genus = Pollachius | species = virens | year = 2006 | month = June}} | ||
*Davidson, Alan. ''Oxford Companion to Food'' (1999), "Saithe", p. 682. {{ISBN|0-19-211579-0}} | * Davidson, Alan. ''Oxford Companion to Food'' (1999), "Saithe", p. 682. {{ISBN|0-19-211579-0}}. | ||
*Norum, Ben. ''The Big Book of Ben'' (2007), "pollock / pollack", p. 32 | * Norum, Ben. ''The Big Book of Ben'' (2007), "pollock / pollack", p. 32. | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
Latest revision as of 08:09, 14 November 2025
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "other uses". Template:Automatic taxobox
Pollock or pollack[1] (pronounced Template:IPAc-en) is the common name used for either of the two species of North Atlantic marine fish in the genus Pollachius. Pollachius pollachius is referred to as "pollock" in North America, Ireland and the United Kingdom, while Pollachius virens is usually known as saithe or coley in Great Britain and Ireland (derived from the older name coalfish).[2] Other names for P. pollachius include the Atlantic pollock, European pollock, Script error: No such module "Lang"., and lythe or lithe;[3] while P. virens is also known as Boston blue (distinct from bluefish) and silver bill.
Species
The recognized species in this genus are:[4]
| Species | Common name | Image |
|---|---|---|
| Pollachius pollachius (Linnaeus, 1758) | pollack | File:Pollachius pollachius NO.JPG |
| Pollachius virens (Linnaeus, 1758) | coalfish | File:Pollachius virens 218207213 (cropped).jpg |
.jpg){kind=link}
Description
Template:More citations needed section
Both species can grow to Template:Convert.[5] P. virens can weigh up to Template:Convert[6] and P. pollachius can weigh up to Template:Convert.[5] P. virens has a strongly defined, silvery lateral line running down the sides. Above the lateral line, the colour is a greenish black. The belly is white, while P. pollachius has a distinctly crooked lateral line, grayish to golden belly, and a dark brown back. P. pollachius also has a strong underbite. It can be found in water up to Template:Convert deep over rocks and anywhere in the water column.
As food
Atlantic pollock is largely considered to be a whitefish. Traditionally a popular source of food in some countries, such as Norway, in the United Kingdom it has previously been largely consumed as a cheaper and versatile alternative to cod and haddock. However, in recent years,Template:When pollock has become more popular due to overfishing of cod and haddock. It can be found in most supermarkets as fresh fillets or prepared freezer items. For example, it is used minced in fish fingers or as an ingredient in imitation crab meat and is commonly used to make fish and chips.
Because of its slightly grey colour, pollockTemplate:Which is often prepared, as in Norway, as fried fish balls, or if juvenile-sized, breaded with oatmeal and fried, as in Shetland. Year-old fish are traditionally split, salted, and dried over a peat hearth in Orkney, where their texture becomes wooden.Template:Clarify Coalfish can also be salted and smoked and achieve a salmon-like orange color (although it is not closely related to the salmon), as is the case in Germany, where the fish is commonly sold as Script error: No such module "Lang". ("sea salmon").[8]
In 2009, UK supermarket Sainsbury's briefly renamed Atlantic pollock "colin" in a bid to boost ecofriendly sales of the fish as an alternative to cod.[9] Sainsbury's, which said the new name was derived from the French for cooked pollock (Script error: No such module "Lang".), launched the product under the banner "Colin and chips can save British cod."
Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". Pollock is regarded as a "low-mercury fish"Template:Snd a woman weighing Template:Cvt can safely eat up to Template:Convert per week, and a child weighing Template:Cvt can safely eat up to Template:Convert.[10]
Other fish called pollock
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
One member of the genus Gadus is also commonly referred to as pollock: the Alaska pollock or walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus), including the form known as the Norway pollock. They are also members of the family Gadidae but not members of the genus Pollachius.
References
Further reading
- Script error: No such module "Cite taxon".
- Script error: No such module "Cite taxon".
- Script error: No such module "Cite taxon".
- Davidson, Alan. Oxford Companion to Food (1999), "Saithe", p. 682. Template:ISBN.
- Norum, Ben. The Big Book of Ben (2007), "pollock / pollack", p. 32.
External links
Template:Cod topics Template:Commercial fish topics Template:Taxonbar Template:Authority control
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1"..
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Cite taxon".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Based on data sourced from the relevant FAO Species Fact Sheets.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".