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{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{About year|1451}}
{{About year|1451}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}}
[[File:Hunername accession Mehmed II.jpg|250px|thumb|[[February 18]]: [[Mehmed II]] becomes Sultan of the Ottoman Empire upon the death of his father, [[Murad II]], and makes plans to take [[Constantinople]] from Christian rule.]]
{{Year nav|1451}}
{{Year nav|1451}}
{{C15 year in topic}}Year '''1451''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCDLI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].
{{C15 year in topic}}Year '''1451''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCDLI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].
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=== January&ndash;December ===
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[Pope Nicholas V]] issues a [[Papal Bull]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk/papal-bull/|title = University of Glasgow :: Story :: The Papal Bull}}</ref> to establish The [[University of Glasgow]]; classes are initially held in [[Glasgow Cathedral]].
* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[Pope Nicholas V]] issues a [[Papal Bull]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk/papal-bull/|title = University of Glasgow :: Story :: The Papal Bull}}</ref> to establish The [[University of Glasgow]]; classes are initially held in [[Glasgow Cathedral]].
* [[January 27]] &ndash; The [[Saxon Brother War]] between [[Frederick II, Elector of Saxony]] and [[William III, Landgrave of Thuringia]] is ended as two brothers sign a peace treaty at [[Naumburg]].<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Frederick II., Elector of Saxony|volume=11|page=60}}</ref>
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Murad II]], [[Ottoman dynasty|Sultan]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]], dies and is succeeded (on [[February 18]]) by his son, [[Mehmed II]].
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Murad II]], [[Ottoman dynasty|Sultan]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]], dies and is succeeded (on [[February 18]]) by his son, [[Mehmed II]].
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Louis XI of France]] marries [[Charlotte of Savoy]].
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Louis XI]] marries [[Charlotte of Savoy]].
* [[March 26]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Gaeta]] is signed at the Italian city of [[Gaeta]] between the [[Medieval Albania|Kingdom of Albania]] (represented by Nikollë de Berguçi and Stefan, Bishop of Krujë on behalf of [[Skanderbeg]], and the [[Kingdom of Naples]] (by [[Alfonso V of Aragon|King Alfonso]]. In return for protection of Albania from the Ottoman Empire, Albania agrees to be a [[vassal]] of Naples.<ref>{{cite book |last=Tibbetts |first=Jann |title=50 Great Military Leaders of All Time |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lsHLDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT571 |date=2016 |publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-85505-66-9 |page=571}}</ref>
 
=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 11]] &ndash; [[Celje]] acquires [[market town]] status and town rights, by orders from Count Frederic II of Celje.
* [[April 11]] &ndash; [[Celje]] acquires [[market town]] status and town rights, by orders from Count Frederic II of Celje.
* [[April 19]] &ndash; In the [[Delhi Sultanate]], the Afghan [[Lodi dynasty|Lodi Dynasty]] succeeds the Turkish [[Sayyid dynasty|Sayyid Dynasty]].
* [[April 19]] &ndash; In the [[Delhi Sultanate]], the Afghan [[Lodi dynasty|Lodi Dynasty]] succeeds the Turkish [[Sayyid dynasty|Sayyid Dynasty]] as the Sayyid ruler [[Alam Shah|Ala-ud-Din Alam Shah]] flees [[Delhi]] and [[Bahlul Khan Lodi]] takes the throne.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jackson|first1=Peter|title=The Delhi Sultanate : a political and military history|date=2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=9780521543293|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lt2tqOpVRKgC}}</ref>
* [[May 30]] &ndash; (New moon (15th waning) of [[Nayon]] [[Burmese calendar|813 ME]]) At [[Pegu]] (now in [[Myanmar]], [[Binnya Waru]], ruler of the [[Hanthawaddy kingdom]], is assassinated by his cousin, [[Binnya Kyan]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Harvey |first=G. E.| title=History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824 |publisher=Frank Cass & Co. Ltd |year=1925 |location=London |page=116}}</ref>
* [[May 31]] &ndash; King [[Henry VI of England]] gives royal assent to the Attainder of John Cade Act 1450, confiscating the lands of [[Jack Cade's Rebellion|Jack Cade]], who had led a rebellion against the King in 1450. Cade is posthumously convicted of treason so that his estate will go directly to the King.
* [[June 30]] &ndash; French troops under [[Jean de Dunois]] invade [[Guyenne]], and capture [[Bordeaux]].
* [[June 30]] &ndash; French troops under [[Jean de Dunois]] invade [[Guyenne]], and capture [[Bordeaux]].
=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Jacques Coeur]], accused of poisoning [[Agnes Sorel]], mistress of King Charles VII of France, is arrested on the orders of the king and his large fortune is confiscated.<ref>{{EB1911 |wstitle=Cœur, Jacques |volume=6 |pages=645–646 |inline=1}}</ref>
* [[August 14]] &ndash; A three-year truce is signed between Scotland and England at the Church of St Nicholas at [[Newcastle-upon-Tyne]].
* [[August 20]] &ndash; The French capture [[Bayonne]], the last English stronghold in [[Guyenne]].
* [[August 20]] &ndash; The French capture [[Bayonne]], the last English stronghold in [[Guyenne]].
* [[October]] &ndash; After assassinating [[Bogdan II of Moldavia]], [[Petru Aron]] takes up the throne.  
* [[September 10]] &ndash; The [[Ottoman Empire]] renews its treaty with Republic of Venice and, on September 20, a truce with the Kingdom of Hungary.<ref>Michael Angold, ''The Fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans: Context and Consequences'' (Taylor & Francis, 2014) p.4</ref>
 
=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 17]] &ndash; After assassinating [[Bogdan II of Moldavia]], [[Petru Aron]] takes up the throne.<ref>{{cite book|author=Vlada Stanković|title=The Balkans and the Byzantine World before and after the Captures of Constantinople, 1204 and 1453|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=978-1-4985-1326-5|page=130}}</ref>
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[John Hunyadi|Janos Hunyadi]], Regent-Governor of the Kingdom of Hungary during the minority of the 11-year-old king, [[Ladislaus the Posthumous|Ladislaus V]], signs a peace treaty with the Holy Roman Emperor, Friedrich III.<ref>Pal Engel, ''The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526'' (I.B. Tauris Publishers, 2001), p.292 ISBN 1-86064-061-3</ref>
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Revolt of Ghent (1449-1453)|Revolt of Ghent]]: [[Ghent]] takes up arms against [[Philip the Good]], [[Duke of Burgundy]].
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Revolt of Ghent (1449-1453)|Revolt of Ghent]]: [[Ghent]] takes up arms against [[Philip the Good]], [[Duke of Burgundy]].
* [[November 20]] &ndash; [[John Hunyadi|Janos Hunyadi]], Regent-Governor of the Kingdom of Hungary during the minority of the 11-year-old king, [[Ladislaus the Posthumous|Ladislaus V]], signs a 3-year truce with the Ottoman Empire.
* [[November 28]] &ndash; At the Korean capital, [[Hanseong]], [[Hwangbo In]] becomes the [[Yŏngŭijŏng|Chief State Councillor]] (''Yeonguijeong'') of the [[Joseon Dynasty|Kingdom of Korea]] as leader of the governing [[State Council of Joseon|State Council]], second in status only to [[Munjong of Joseon|King Munjong]], replacing [[:ko:하연 (1376년)|Ha Yeon]].<ref>[http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Index?contents_id=E0065157 Hwangbo In] at [[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture]] {{in lang|ko}}</ref>
* [[December 22]] &ndash; (28 [[Dhu al-Hijjah|Zilhicce]] [[Islamic calendar|855 AH]]) In Mamluk ruled Egypt, the Amir Asanbay al-Jamali al-Zahiri returns from a trip to the Ottoman Empire with a group of Ottoman diplomats, and the Mamluk Sultan Mehmed II hosts them at a banquet, granting them a private audience the next day. The Ottomans depart on January 17.<ref>Cihan Yüksel Muslu, ''The Ottomans and the Mamluks: Imperial Diplomacy and Warfare in the Islamic World'' (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014) ISBN 9780857735805</ref>


=== Date unknown ===
=== Date unknown ===
* [[The Great Peacemaker]] along with [[Jigonhsasee]] and [[Hiawatha]], found the [[Haudenosaunee]], commonly called the Iroquois Confederacy</onlyinclude>
* [[Great Peacemaker|Skennenrahawi, the Great Peacemaker]], a chief [[Mohawk people]],  founds the [[Haudenosaunee]], commonly called the Iroquois Confederacy, along with [[Jigonhsasee]] and [[Hiawatha]]. The Haudenosaunee is initially a political and cultural union of five Iroquoian-speaking Native American tribes (the Mohawk, [[Oneida people|Oneida]], [[Onondaga people|Onondaga]], [[Cayuga people|Cayuga]], and [[Seneca people|Seneca]]) governing parts of the present-day state of New York, northern Pennsylvania, and the eastern portion of the provinces of Ontario, and Quebec.{{cn|date=June 2025}}
</onlyinclude>


== Births ==
== Births ==
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* ''date unknown''
* ''date unknown''
** [[Christopher Columbus]], Italian-born explorer (d. [[1506]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Christopher Columbus {{!}} Biography, Voyages, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christopher-Columbus |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=21 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Christopher Columbus]], Italian-born explorer (d. [[1506]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Christopher Columbus {{!}} Biography, Voyages, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christopher-Columbus |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=21 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Ignatius Noah of Lebanon]], Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch (d. [[1509]]).<ref>{{cite book | last1 =Barsoum| first=Aphrem|date=2003|title=The Scattered Pearls: A History of Syriac Literature and Sciences|edition=2nd|publisher=Gorgias Press|translator=Matti Moosa|author-link=Ignatius Aphrem I|url=https://archive.org/details/EphremBarsoumMattiMoosaTheScatteredPearlsAHistoryOfSyriacLiteratureAndSciences|accessdate=14 July 2020|pages=508–509}}</ref>
** [[Ignatius Noah of Lebanon]], Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch (d. [[1509]]).<ref>{{cite book | last1 =Barsoum| first1=Aphrem|date=2003|title=The Scattered Pearls: A History of Syriac Literature and Sciences|edition=2nd|publisher=Gorgias Press|translator=Matti Moosa|author-link1=Ignatius Aphrem I|url=https://archive.org/details/EphremBarsoumMattiMoosaTheScatteredPearlsAHistoryOfSyriacLiteratureAndSciences|accessdate=14 July 2020|pages=508–509}}</ref>
** [[Guru Jambheshwar]], Rajasthani founder of the Bishnoi Panth (d. 1536)
** [[Guru Jambheshwar]], Rajasthani founder of the Bishnoi Panth (d. 1536)


Latest revision as of 15:38, 30 September 2025

Template:About year Template:More citations needed

File:Hunername accession Mehmed II.jpg
February 18: Mehmed II becomes Sultan of the Ottoman Empire upon the death of his father, Murad II, and makes plans to take Constantinople from Christian rule.

Template:Year nav Script error: No such module "Sidebar". Script error: No such module "Year in various calendars".Year 1451 (MCDLI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–March

April–June

July–September

October–December

Date unknown


Births

File:Ridolfo del Ghirlandaio - Ritratto di Cristoforo Colombo (1520).jpg
Christopher Columbus

Deaths

File:II. Murat.jpg
Sultan Murad II

References

Template:Reflist

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  6. ↑ File:Wikisource-logo.svg One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Script error: No such module "template wrapper".
  7. ↑ Michael Angold, The Fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans: Context and Consequences (Taylor & Francis, 2014) p.4
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Pal Engel, The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526 (I.B. Tauris Publishers, 2001), p.292 ISBN 1-86064-061-3
  10. ↑ Hwangbo In at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture Template:In lang
  11. ↑ Cihan Yüksel Muslu, The Ottomans and the Mamluks: Imperial Diplomacy and Warfare in the Islamic World (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014) ISBN 9780857735805
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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