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{{Wiktionary|kilo-}} | {{Wiktionary|kilo-}} | ||
'''Kilo''' is a [[ | '''Kilo''' is a [[unit prefix]] in the [[metric system]] of measurement, denoting multiplication by one [[thousand]] (10<sup>3</sup>). The [[International System of Units]] reserves the [[Letter case|lowercase]] symbol '''k'''. | ||
''Kilo'' is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] word {{lang|el|χίλιοι}} ({{lang|el-Latn|chilioi}}), meaning "thousand". | |||
In 19th century English | In 19th century English the prefix was sometimes spelled chilio, in line with a [[Linguistic purism|puristic]] opinion by [[Thomas Young (scientist)|Thomas Young]].<ref name="Brewster_1832">{{cite book |title=The Edinburgh Encyclopaedia |first=David |last=Brewster |volume=12 |edition=1st American |date=1832 |publisher=Joseph and Edward Parker<!-- |printer=William Brows --> |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=17RGAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA572 |access-date=2015-10-09}}</ref><ref name="Dingler_1823">{{cite book |title=Polytechnisches Journal |first=Johann Gottfried |last=Dingler |volume=11 |date=1823 |publisher=J.W. Gotta'schen Buchhandlung |language=de |location=Stuttgart, Germany |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wF3zAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA500 |access-date=2015-10-09}}</ref> As an opponent of suggestions to introduce the metric system in Britain, he qualified the nomenclature adopted in France as barbarous. | ||
== Examples == | == Examples == | ||
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*one [[kilotonne]] (kt) is 1000 [[Tonne|tonnes]] | *one [[kilotonne]] (kt) is 1000 [[Tonne|tonnes]] | ||
By extension, currencies are also | By extension, currencies are sometimes also preceded by the prefix: | ||
* one kiloeuro (k€) is 1000 [[euro]]s | * one kiloeuro (k€) is 1000 [[euro]]s | ||
* one kilodollar (k$) is 1000 [[dollar]]s | * one kilodollar (k$) is 1000 [[dollar]]s | ||
==kilobyte== | ==kilobyte== | ||
For the | For multiples of the [[byte]] in some fields of [[computer science]] and information technology, another definition has been in common use, in which the ''kilobyte'' measures 1024 bytes (2<sup>10</sup> bytes), because 2<sup>10</sup> is approximately 10<sup>3</sup>. The reason for this application is that digital hardware natively use [[base 2]] exponentiation. | ||
NIST comments on the confusion caused by these contrasting definitions: "Faced with this reality, the ''IEEE Standards Board'' decided that IEEE standards will use the conventional, internationally adopted, definitions of the SI prefixes" | The [[National Institute of Standards and Technology]] (NIST) comments on the confusion caused by these contrasting definitions: "Faced with this reality, the ''IEEE Standards Board'' decided that IEEE standards will use the conventional, internationally adopted, definitions of the SI prefixes."<ref>[http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/binary.html Definition of binary prefixes at NIST]</ref> A new set of [[binary prefix]]es, based on powers of 2, was introduced by the [[International Electrotechnical Commission]] (IEC), which defines 1024 bytes as one [[kibibyte]] (1 KiB). | ||
==Exponentiation== | ==Exponentiation== | ||
When units occur in [[exponentiation]], such as in square and cubic forms, any multiplier prefix is | When units occur in [[exponentiation]], such as in square and cubic forms, any multiplier prefix is part of the unit, and thus included in the exponentiation. | ||
* 1 km<sup>2</sup> means one square kilometre or the area of a [[Square (geometry)|square]] that measures 1000 m on each side or 10<sup>6</sup> m<sup>2</sup> (as opposed to 1000 square meters, which is the area of a square that measures 31.6 m on each side). | * 1 km<sup>2</sup> means one square kilometre or the area of a [[Square (geometry)|square]] that measures 1000 m on each side or 10<sup>6</sup> m<sup>2</sup> (as opposed to 1000 square meters, which is the area of a square that measures 31.6 m on each side). | ||
* 1 km<sup>3</sup> means one cubic kilometre or the volume of a [[cube]] that measures 1000 m on each side or 10<sup>9</sup> m<sup>3</sup> (as opposed to 1000 cubic meters, which is the volume of a cube that measures 10 m on each side). | * 1 km<sup>3</sup> means one cubic kilometre or the volume of a [[cube]] that measures 1000 m on each side or 10<sup>9</sup> m<sup>3</sup> (as opposed to 1000 cubic meters, which is the volume of a cube that measures 10 m on each side). | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[milli-]] (inverse of kilo | * [[milli-|milli]] (inverse of kilo, denoting a factor of 1/1000) | ||
* [[kibi-]] (binary prefix, denoting a factor of 1024) | * [[kibi-|kibi]] (binary prefix, denoting a factor of 1024) | ||
* [[RKM code]] | * [[RKM code]] | ||
Latest revision as of 01:24, 3 November 2025
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "other uses". Template:Sister project
Kilo is a unit prefix in the metric system of measurement, denoting multiplication by one thousand (103). The International System of Units reserves the lowercase symbol k.
Kilo is derived from the Greek word Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), meaning "thousand".
In 19th century English the prefix was sometimes spelled chilio, in line with a puristic opinion by Thomas Young.[1][2] As an opponent of suggestions to introduce the metric system in Britain, he qualified the nomenclature adopted in France as barbarous.
Examples
- one kilogram (kg) is 1000 grams
- one kilometre (km) is 1000 metres
- one kilojoule (kJ) is 1000 joules
- one kilolitre (kL) is 1000 litres
- one kilobaud (kBd) is 1000 bauds
- one kilohertz (kHz) is 1000 hertz
- one kilodalton (kDa) is 1000 daltons
- one kilobit (kb) is 1000 bits
- one kilobyte (kB) is 1000 bytes
- one kiloohm is (kΩ) is 1000 ohms
- one kilosecond (ks) is 1000 seconds
- one kilotonne (kt) is 1000 tonnes
By extension, currencies are sometimes also preceded by the prefix:
kilobyte
For multiples of the byte in some fields of computer science and information technology, another definition has been in common use, in which the kilobyte measures 1024 bytes (210 bytes), because 210 is approximately 103. The reason for this application is that digital hardware natively use base 2 exponentiation.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) comments on the confusion caused by these contrasting definitions: "Faced with this reality, the IEEE Standards Board decided that IEEE standards will use the conventional, internationally adopted, definitions of the SI prefixes."[3] A new set of binary prefixes, based on powers of 2, was introduced by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), which defines 1024 bytes as one kibibyte (1 KiB).
Exponentiation
When units occur in exponentiation, such as in square and cubic forms, any multiplier prefix is part of the unit, and thus included in the exponentiation.
- 1 km2 means one square kilometre or the area of a square that measures 1000 m on each side or 106 m2 (as opposed to 1000 square meters, which is the area of a square that measures 31.6 m on each side).
- 1 km3 means one cubic kilometre or the volume of a cube that measures 1000 m on each side or 109 m3 (as opposed to 1000 cubic meters, which is the volume of a cube that measures 10 m on each side).
See also
- milli (inverse of kilo, denoting a factor of 1/1000)
- kibi (binary prefix, denoting a factor of 1024)
- RKM code
References
Template:SI prefixes (infobox)
he:תחיליות במערכת היחידות הבינלאומית#קילו
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Definition of binary prefixes at NIST