Carlo Collodi: Difference between revisions
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| birth_name = Carlo Lorenzini | | birth_name = Carlo Lorenzini | ||
| birth_date = {{birth date|1826|11|24|df=y}} | | birth_date = {{birth date|1826|11|24|df=y}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Florence]], | | birth_place = [[Florence]], Grand Duchy of Tuscany | ||
| death_date = {{death date and age|1890|10|26|1826|11|24|df=y}} | | death_date = {{death date and age|1890|10|26|1826|11|24|df=y}} | ||
| death_place = Florence, | | death_place = Florence, Italy | ||
| occupation = {{cslist|Writer|novelist}} | | occupation = {{cslist|Writer|novelist}} | ||
| genre = {{cslist|Children's literature|[[political satire]]|journalism}} | | genre = {{cslist|Children's literature|[[political satire]]|journalism}} | ||
| movement = | | movement = | ||
| website = | | website = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Carlo Lorenzini''' ({{IPA|it|ˈkarlo lorenˈtsiːni|lang}}; 24 November 1826 – 26 October 1890), better known by the pen name '''Carlo Collodi''' ({{IPAc-en|k|ə|ˈ|l|əʊ|d|i}} {{respell|kə|LOH|dee}}; {{IPA|it|ˈkarlo kolˈlɔːdi|lang}}), was an Italian author, humourist,<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Italian Literary Studies|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaital00marr|url-access=limited|last1=Marrone|first1=Gaetana|last2=Puppa|first2=Paolo|publisher=Routledge|year=2006|isbn=9781579583903|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaital00marr/page/n523 485]}}</ref> and journalist,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/C-Collodi|title=C. Collodi | Italian author|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|date=22 October 2023 }}</ref> widely known for his [[fairy tale novel]] ''[[The Adventures of Pinocchio]]''. | '''Carlo Lorenzini''' ({{IPA|it|ˈkarlo lorenˈtsiːni|lang}}; 24 November 1826 – 26 October 1890), better known by the pen name '''Carlo Collodi''' ({{IPAc-en|k|ə|ˈ|l|əʊ|d|i}} {{respell|kə|LOH|dee}}; {{IPA|it|ˈkarlo kolˈlɔːdi|lang}}), was an Italian author, humourist,<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Italian Literary Studies|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaital00marr|url-access=limited|last1=Marrone|first1=Gaetana|last2=Puppa|first2=Paolo|publisher=Routledge|year=2006|isbn=9781579583903|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaital00marr/page/n523 485]}}</ref> and journalist,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/C-Collodi|title=C. Collodi | Italian author|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|date=22 October 2023 }}</ref> widely known for his [[fairy tale novel]] ''[[The Adventures of Pinocchio]]''. | ||
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==Career== | ==Career== | ||
[[File:Pinocchio.jpg|thumb|Pinocchio, by [[Enrico Mazzanti]], the first illustrator (1883) of ''[[The Adventures of Pinocchio]]'']] | |||
During the [[Unification of Italy|Italian Wars of Independence]] in 1848 and 1860, Lorenzini served as a volunteer with the [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany#Army|Tuscan Army]]. His active interest in political matters can be seen in his earliest literary works, as well as in the founding of the satirical newspaper {{lang|it|Il Lampione}} in 1853.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2022 |title=Carlo Collodi: the Florentine Father of Pinocchio - Villa Campestri Olive Oil Resort |url=https://www.villacampestri.com/blog/en/carlo-collodi-pinocchio-2/ |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en}}</ref> This newspaper was censored by order of the [[Grand duke of tuscany|Grand Duke of Tuscany]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carlo Collodi Biography {{!}} Authors {{!}} Read & Co. Books |url=https://www.readandcobooks.co.uk/book-author/carlo-collodi/ |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Carlo Collodi |url=https://www.nyrb.com/collections/carlo-collodi |access-date=12 June 2023 |website=New York Review Books |language=en}}</ref> In 1854, he published his second newspaper, ''{{lang|it|Lo scaramuccia}}'' ("The Controversy").<ref name="JZ">Jack Zines. «Introduction». In: Carlo Collordi. ''Pinnochio''. Penguin Books 2002. {{ISBN|0-14-243706-9}}</ref> Lorenzini's first publications were in his periodicals. A debut came in 1856 with the play ''{{lang|it|Gli amici di casa}}'' and parodic guidebook {{lang|it|Un romanzo in vapore}}, both in 1856.<ref>[http://www.pinocchio.it/?idcnt=885&lang=en Carlo Collodi: other works]; pinocchio.it</ref> By 1860, he published his first notable work called ''{{lang|it|Il signor Alberi ha ragione!}}'' (Mr. Alberi Is Right!), which outlined his political and cultural vision of Italy. This is the text where Lorenzini started using the Collodi pseudonym, which was taken from his mother's hometown.<ref name=":0" /> | During the [[Unification of Italy|Italian Wars of Independence]] in 1848 and 1860, Lorenzini served as a volunteer with the [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany#Army|Tuscan Army]]. His active interest in political matters can be seen in his earliest literary works, as well as in the founding of the satirical newspaper {{lang|it|Il Lampione}} in 1853.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2022 |title=Carlo Collodi: the Florentine Father of Pinocchio - Villa Campestri Olive Oil Resort |url=https://www.villacampestri.com/blog/en/carlo-collodi-pinocchio-2/ |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en}}</ref> This newspaper was censored by order of the [[Grand duke of tuscany|Grand Duke of Tuscany]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carlo Collodi Biography {{!}} Authors {{!}} Read & Co. Books |url=https://www.readandcobooks.co.uk/book-author/carlo-collodi/ |access-date=12 June 2023 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Carlo Collodi |url=https://www.nyrb.com/collections/carlo-collodi |access-date=12 June 2023 |website=New York Review Books |language=en}}</ref> In 1854, he published his second newspaper, ''{{lang|it|Lo scaramuccia}}'' ("The Controversy").<ref name="JZ">Jack Zines. «Introduction». In: Carlo Collordi. ''Pinnochio''. Penguin Books 2002. {{ISBN|0-14-243706-9}}</ref> Lorenzini's first publications were in his periodicals. A debut came in 1856 with the play ''{{lang|it|Gli amici di casa}}'' and parodic guidebook {{lang|it|Un romanzo in vapore}}, both in 1856.<ref>[http://www.pinocchio.it/?idcnt=885&lang=en Carlo Collodi: other works]; pinocchio.it</ref> By 1860, he published his first notable work called ''{{lang|it|Il signor Alberi ha ragione!}}'' (Mr. Alberi Is Right!), which outlined his political and cultural vision of Italy. This is the text where Lorenzini started using the Collodi pseudonym, which was taken from his mother's hometown.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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* ''[http://www.nybooks.com/articles/22633 New York Review of Books]'' | * ''[http://www.nybooks.com/articles/22633 New York Review of Books]'' | ||
* ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20080302225929/http://www.pinocchio.it/eng/fondazionecollodi/ Carlo Collodi National Foundation] ''Collodi Tuscany | * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20080302225929/http://www.pinocchio.it/eng/fondazionecollodi/ Carlo Collodi National Foundation] ''Collodi Tuscany | ||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071010113905/http://www.i-rabia.com/circusA.html Carlo Collodi and Modern Politics – Any Parallels ?] | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071010113905/http://www.i-rabia.com/circusA.html Carlo Collodi and Modern Politics – Any Parallels ?] | ||
* [https://archive.today/20130415024840/http://www.ilnarratore.org/show.php?type=author&language=en&aid=41&tpl=/eng/autore.tpl.html from "Pinocchio. Le avventure di un burattino"] listen to chapt.1 – 2 – 12 audio mp3 for free | * [https://archive.today/20130415024840/http://www.ilnarratore.org/show.php?type=author&language=en&aid=41&tpl=/eng/autore.tpl.html from "Pinocchio. Le avventure di un burattino"] listen to chapt.1 – 2 – 12 audio mp3 for free | ||
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[[Category:19th-century Italian novelists]] | [[Category:19th-century Italian novelists]] | ||
[[Category:19th-century Italian short story writers]] | [[Category:19th-century Italian short story writers]] | ||
[[Category:19th-century journalists]] | [[Category:19th-century Italian journalists]] | ||
[[Category:19th-century pseudonymous writers]] | [[Category:19th-century pseudonymous writers]] | ||
[[Category:Italian Army personnel]] | [[Category:Italian Army personnel]] | ||
Latest revision as of 03:11, 12 September 2025
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Carlo Lorenzini (Script error: No such module "IPA".; 24 November 1826 – 26 October 1890), better known by the pen name Carlo Collodi (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell; Script error: No such module "IPA".), was an Italian author, humourist,[1] and journalist,[2] widely known for his fairy tale novel The Adventures of Pinocchio.
Early life
Lorenzini was born in Florence on 24 November 1826. His mother Angiolina Orzali Lorenzini was a seamstress from Collodi, the town from which he later took the pen name, and his father Domenico Lorenzini was a cook.[3] Both parents worked for the Script error: No such module "Lang". Ginori Lisci.[1] Carlo was the eldest child in the family[4] and he had ten siblings; seven died at a young age.[5] He spent most of his childhood in the town of Collodi where his mother was born. He lived there with his maternal grandmother. After attending primary school, he was sent to study at a theological seminary in Colle Val d'Elsa.[4] An account at the seminary shows that the Script error: No such module "Lang". had offered financial aid, but the boy found that he did not want to be a priest so he continued his education at the College of the Scolopi Fathers in Florence.[6] In 1844, he started working at the Florentine bookstore Libreria Piatti, where he assisted Giuseppe Aiazzi, a prominent Italian manuscript specialist.[6]
Career
During the Italian Wars of Independence in 1848 and 1860, Lorenzini served as a volunteer with the Tuscan Army. His active interest in political matters can be seen in his earliest literary works, as well as in the founding of the satirical newspaper Script error: No such module "Lang". in 1853.[7] This newspaper was censored by order of the Grand Duke of Tuscany.[8][9] In 1854, he published his second newspaper, Script error: No such module "Lang". ("The Controversy").[10] Lorenzini's first publications were in his periodicals. A debut came in 1856 with the play Script error: No such module "Lang". and parodic guidebook Script error: No such module "Lang"., both in 1856.[11] By 1860, he published his first notable work called Script error: No such module "Lang". (Mr. Alberi Is Right!), which outlined his political and cultural vision of Italy. This is the text where Lorenzini started using the Collodi pseudonym, which was taken from his mother's hometown.[1]
Lorenzini had also begun intense activity on other political newspapers such as Script error: No such module "Lang".; at the same time he was employed by the Censorship Commission for the Theatre. During this period he composed various satirical sketches and stories (sometimes simply by collating earlier articles), including Script error: No such module "Lang". (1880), Script error: No such module "Lang". (1881), and Script error: No such module "Lang". (1887).[1]
Lorenzini became disenchanted with Italian politics afterwards, so he turned to children's literature and his first works involved translating French fairy tales into Italian.[4] In 1875, for instance, he completed Script error: No such module "Lang"., a translation of French fairy tales by Charles Perrault. In 1876, Lorenzini wrote Script error: No such module "Lang". (inspired by Alessandro Luigi Parravicini's Giannetto), the Script error: No such module "Lang"., and Script error: No such module "Lang"., a pedagogic series which explored the unification of Italy through the ironic thoughts and actions of the character Giannettino.[1]
Lorenzini became fascinated by the idea of using an amiable, rascally character as a means of expressing his own convictions through allegory. In 1880, he began writing Script error: No such module "Lang". (Story of a Marionette), also called Le avventure di Pinocchio, which was published weekly in Script error: No such module "Lang"..[1] Pinocchio was adapted into a 1940 film by Disney that is considered to be one of Disney's greatest films.[12][13][14]
Lorenzini died suddenly in Florence on 26 October 1890 at the age of 63 and is interred at Cimitero Monumentale Delle Porte Sante in Florence.Template:Sfn The National Carlo Collodi Foundation was established in 1962 to promote education and the works of Collodi,[15] and Pinocchio Park, which was opened in 1956 in the town of Collodi and remains a popular attraction today.[16]
References
Bibliography
External links
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- The Adventures of Pinocchio at Project Gutenberg (translated from the Italian by Carol Della Chiesa)
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- Pinocchio Park Collodi Tuscany
- New York Review of Books
- Carlo Collodi National Foundation Collodi Tuscany
- Carlo Collodi and Modern Politics – Any Parallels ?
- from "Pinocchio. Le avventure di un burattino" listen to chapt.1 – 2 – 12 audio mp3 for free
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- ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Jack Zines. «Introduction». In: Carlo Collordi. Pinnochio. Penguin Books 2002. Template:ISBN
- ↑ Carlo Collodi: other works; pinocchio.it
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- 1826 births
- 1890 deaths
- 19th-century Italian male writers
- 19th-century Italian novelists
- 19th-century Italian short story writers
- 19th-century Italian journalists
- 19th-century pseudonymous writers
- Italian Army personnel
- Italian children's writers
- Italian fantasy writers
- Italian male journalists
- Italian male novelists
- Italian male short story writers
- Italian people of the Italian unification
- Journalists from Florence
- People from Pescia
- People of the Revolutions of 1848
- Writers from Florence
- Writers from the Grand Duchy of Tuscany
- Pinocchio
- Writers of Gothic fiction