Isotopes of cadmium: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
 
imported>Quondum
u → Da
 
Line 4: Line 4:
Naturally occurring [[cadmium]] (<sub>48</sub>Cd) is composed of 8 [[isotope]]s. For two of them, natural [[radioactivity]] was observed, and three others are predicted to be radioactive but their decays have not been observed, due to extremely long [[half-lives]]. The two natural radioactive isotopes are <sup>113</sup>Cd ([[beta decay]], half-life is 8.04 × 10<sup>15</sup> years) and <sup>116</sup>Cd (two-neutrino [[double beta decay]], half-life is 2.8 × 10<sup>19</sup> years). The other three are <sup>106</sup>Cd, <sup>108</sup>Cd ([[double electron capture]]), and <sup>114</sup>Cd (double beta decay); only lower limits on their half-life times have been set. Three isotopes—<sup>110</sup>Cd, <sup>111</sup>Cd, and <sup>112</sup>Cd—are theoretically stable. Among the isotopes absent in natural cadmium, the most long-lived are <sup>109</sup>Cd with a half-life of 462.6 days, and <sup>115</sup>Cd with a half-life of 53.46 hours. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 2.5 hours and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 5 minutes. This element also has 12 known [[meta state]]s, with the most stable being <sup>113m</sup>Cd (t<sub>1/2</sub> 14.1 years), <sup>115m</sup>Cd (t<sub>1/2</sub> 44.6 days) and <sup>117m</sup>Cd (t<sub>1/2</sub> 3.36 hours).
Naturally occurring [[cadmium]] (<sub>48</sub>Cd) is composed of 8 [[isotope]]s. For two of them, natural [[radioactivity]] was observed, and three others are predicted to be radioactive but their decays have not been observed, due to extremely long [[half-lives]]. The two natural radioactive isotopes are <sup>113</sup>Cd ([[beta decay]], half-life is 8.04 × 10<sup>15</sup> years) and <sup>116</sup>Cd (two-neutrino [[double beta decay]], half-life is 2.8 × 10<sup>19</sup> years). The other three are <sup>106</sup>Cd, <sup>108</sup>Cd ([[double electron capture]]), and <sup>114</sup>Cd (double beta decay); only lower limits on their half-life times have been set. Three isotopes—<sup>110</sup>Cd, <sup>111</sup>Cd, and <sup>112</sup>Cd—are theoretically stable. Among the isotopes absent in natural cadmium, the most long-lived are <sup>109</sup>Cd with a half-life of 462.6 days, and <sup>115</sup>Cd with a half-life of 53.46 hours. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 2.5 hours and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 5 minutes. This element also has 12 known [[meta state]]s, with the most stable being <sup>113m</sup>Cd (t<sub>1/2</sub> 14.1 years), <sup>115m</sup>Cd (t<sub>1/2</sub> 44.6 days) and <sup>117m</sup>Cd (t<sub>1/2</sub> 3.36 hours).


The known isotopes of cadmium range in [[atomic mass]] from 94.950&nbsp;[[atomic mass unit|u]] (<sup>95</sup>Cd) to 131.946 u (<sup>132</sup>Cd). The primary [[decay mode]] before the second most abundant stable isotope, <sup>112</sup>Cd, is [[electron capture]] and the primary modes after are beta emission and electron capture. The primary [[decay product]] before <sup>112</sup>Cd is element 47 ([[silver]]) and the primary product after is element 49 ([[indium]]).
The known isotopes of cadmium range in [[atomic mass]] from {{val|94.950|ul=Da}} (<sup>95</sup>Cd) to {{val|131.946|u=Da}} (<sup>132</sup>Cd). The primary [[decay mode]] before the second most abundant stable isotope, <sup>112</sup>Cd, is [[electron capture]] and the primary modes after are beta emission and electron capture. The primary [[decay product]] before <sup>112</sup>Cd is element 47 ([[silver]]) and the primary product after is element 49 ([[indium]]).


A 2021 study has shown at high ionic strengths, Cd isotope fractionation mainly depends on its complexation with carboxylic sites. At low ionic strengths, nonspecific Cd binding induced by electrostatic attractions plays a dominant role and promotes Cd isotope fractionation during complexation.<ref name="Cd-Ratié">{{Cite journal|last1=Ratié|first1=Gildas|last2=Chrastný|first2=Vladislav|last3=Guinoiseau|first3=Damien|last4=Marsac|first4=Rémi|last5=Vaňková|first5=Zuzana|last6=Komárek|first6=Michael|date=2021-06-01|title=Cadmium Isotope Fractionation during Complexation with Humic Acid|url=https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c00646|journal=Environmental Science & Technology|volume=55|issue=11|pages=7430–7444|doi=10.1021/acs.est.1c00646|pmid=33970606 |bibcode=2021EnST...55.7430R |s2cid=234361430 |issn=0013-936X}}</ref>
A 2021 study has shown at high ionic strengths, Cd isotope fractionation mainly depends on its complexation with carboxylic sites. At low ionic strengths, nonspecific Cd binding induced by electrostatic attractions plays a dominant role and promotes Cd isotope fractionation during complexation.<ref name="Cd-Ratié">{{cite journal|last1=Ratié|first1=Gildas|last2=Chrastný|first2=Vladislav|last3=Guinoiseau|first3=Damien|last4=Marsac|first4=Rémi|last5=Vaňková|first5=Zuzana|last6=Komárek|first6=Michael|date=2021-06-01|title=Cadmium Isotope Fractionation during Complexation with Humic Acid|url=https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c00646|journal=Environmental Science & Technology|volume=55|issue=11|pages=7430–7444|doi=10.1021/acs.est.1c00646|pmid=33970606 |bibcode=2021EnST...55.7430R |s2cid=234361430 |issn=0013-936X}}</ref>


== List of isotopes ==
== List of isotopes ==
{{Anchor|Cadmium-135}}
{{Anchor|Cadmium-135}}
<!--Please delete anchor(s) from the list above or table below if adding a dedicated isotope section(s).-->
<!--Please delete anchor(s) from the list above or table below if adding a dedicated isotope section(s).-->
{{Isotopes table
{{Isotopes table
| symbol = Cd
| symbol = Cd
Line 23: Line 21:
| style="text-align:right" | 46
| style="text-align:right" | 46
| 93.95659(54)#
| 93.95659(54)#
| 80#&nbsp;ms<br>[>760&nbsp;ns]
| 80#&nbsp;ms{{br}}[>&nbsp;760&nbsp;ns]
|
|
|
|
Line 242: Line 240:
| style="text-align:right" | 58
| style="text-align:right" | 58
| 105.9064598(12)
| 105.9064598(12)
| colspan=3 align=center|'''[[Observationally Stable]]'''<ref group="n">Believed to decay by β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup> to '''<sup>106</sup>Pd''' with a half-life over 1.1×10<sup>21</sup> years</ref>
| colspan=3 align=center|'''[[Observationally stable]]'''<ref group="n">Believed to decay by β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup> to '''<sup>106</sup>Pd''' with a half-life over 1.1×10<sup>21</sup> years</ref>
| 0+
| 0+
| 0.01245(22)
| 0.01245(22)
Line 262: Line 260:
| style="text-align:right" | 60
| style="text-align:right" | 60
| 107.9041836(12)
| 107.9041836(12)
| colspan=3 align=center|'''Observationally Stable'''<ref group="n">Believed to decay by β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup> to '''<sup>108</sup>Pd''' with a half-life over 4.1×10<sup>17</sup> years</ref>
| colspan=3 align=center|'''Observationally stable'''<ref group="n">Believed to decay by β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup> to '''<sup>108</sup>Pd''' with a half-life over 4.1×10<sup>17</sup> years</ref>
| 0+
| 0+
| 0.00888(11)
| 0.00888(11)
Line 359: Line 357:
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| 113.90336500(30)
| 113.90336500(30)
| colspan=3 align=center|'''Observationally Stable'''<ref group="n">Believed to undergo β<sup>−</sup>β<sup>−</sup> decay to '''<sup>114</sup>Sn''' with a half-life over 9.2×10<sup>16</sup> years</ref>
| colspan=3 align=center|'''Observationally stable'''<ref group="n">Believed to undergo β<sup>−</sup>β<sup>−</sup> decay to '''<sup>114</sup>Sn''' with a half-life over 9.2×10<sup>16</sup> years</ref>
| 0+
| 0+
| 0.28754(81)
| 0.28754(81)
Line 759: Line 757:


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist}}
* Isotope masses from:
* Isotope masses from:
**{{NUBASE 2003}}
** {{NUBASE 2003}}
* Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
* Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
**{{CIAAW2003}}
** {{CIAAW2003}}
**{{CIAAW 2005}}
** {{CIAAW 2005}}
* Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
* Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
**{{NUBASE 2003}}
** {{NUBASE 2003}}
**{{NNDC}}
** {{NNDC}}
**{{CRC85|chapter=11}}
** {{CRC85|chapter=11}}


{{Navbox element isotopes}}
{{Navbox element isotopes}}

Latest revision as of 23:00, 21 June 2025

Template:Short description Template:More citations needed Template:Infobox cadmium isotopes Naturally occurring cadmium (48Cd) is composed of 8 isotopes. For two of them, natural radioactivity was observed, and three others are predicted to be radioactive but their decays have not been observed, due to extremely long half-lives. The two natural radioactive isotopes are 113Cd (beta decay, half-life is 8.04 × 1015 years) and 116Cd (two-neutrino double beta decay, half-life is 2.8 × 1019 years). The other three are 106Cd, 108Cd (double electron capture), and 114Cd (double beta decay); only lower limits on their half-life times have been set. Three isotopes—110Cd, 111Cd, and 112Cd—are theoretically stable. Among the isotopes absent in natural cadmium, the most long-lived are 109Cd with a half-life of 462.6 days, and 115Cd with a half-life of 53.46 hours. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 2.5 hours and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 5 minutes. This element also has 12 known meta states, with the most stable being 113mCd (t1/2 14.1 years), 115mCd (t1/2 44.6 days) and 117mCd (t1/2 3.36 hours).

The known isotopes of cadmium range in atomic mass from Template:Val (95Cd) to Template:Val (132Cd). The primary decay mode before the second most abundant stable isotope, 112Cd, is electron capture and the primary modes after are beta emission and electron capture. The primary decay product before 112Cd is element 47 (silver) and the primary product after is element 49 (indium).

A 2021 study has shown at high ionic strengths, Cd isotope fractionation mainly depends on its complexation with carboxylic sites. At low ionic strengths, nonspecific Cd binding induced by electrostatic attractions plays a dominant role and promotes Cd isotope fractionation during complexation.[1]

List of isotopes

Script error: No such module "anchor". Template:Isotopes table |-id=Cadmium-94 | 94Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 46 | 93.95659(54)# | 80# ms

  1. REDIRECT Template:Break[> 760 ns]

| | | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-95 | rowspan=2|95Cd | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 47 | rowspan=2|94.94948(61)# | rowspan=2|32(3) ms | β+ (95.4%) | 95Ag | rowspan=2|9/2+# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+, p (4.6%) | 94Pd |-id=Cadmium-96 | rowspan=2|96Cd | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2|95.94034(44)# | rowspan=2|1.003(47) s | β+ (98.4%) | 96Ag | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+, p (1.6%) | 95Pd |-id=Cadmium-96m1 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 96m1Cd | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 6000(1400) keV | rowspan=2|511(26) ms | β+ (84.6%) | 96Ag | rowspan=2|16+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+, p (15.4%) | 95Pd |-id=Cadmium-96m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | 96m2Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 5605(5) keV | 198(18) ns | IT | 96Cd | (12−,13−) | | |-id=Cadmium-97 | rowspan=2|97Cd | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 49 | rowspan=2|96.93480(45) | rowspan=2|1.16(5) s | β+ (92.6%) | 97Ag | rowspan=2|(9/2+) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+, p (7.4%) | 96Pd |-id=Cadmium-97m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | 97m1Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1245.1(2) keV | 730(70) μs | IT | 97Cd | (1/2−) | | |-id=Cadmium-97m2 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 97m2Cd | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2620(580) keV | rowspan=2|3.86(6) s | β+ (74.9%) | 97Ag | rowspan=2|(25/2+) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+, p (25.1%) | 96Pd |-id=Cadmium-98 | rowspan=2|98Cd | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 50 | rowspan=2|97.927389(56) | rowspan=2|9.29(10) s | β+ (>99.97%) | 98Ag | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+, p (<0.029%) | 97Pd |-id=Cadmium-98m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | 98m1Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2428.3(4) keV | 154(16) ns | IT | 98Cd | (8+) | | |-id=Cadmium-98m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | 98m2Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 6635(2) keV | 224(5) ns | IT | 98Cd | (12+) | | |-id=Cadmium-99 | rowspan=3|99Cd | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 51 | rowspan=3|98.9249258(17) | rowspan=3|17(1) s | β+ (99.79%) | 99Ag | rowspan=3|5/2+# | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | β+, p (0.21%) | 98Pd |- | β+, α (<10−4%) | 95Rh |-id=Cadmium-100 | 100Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 52 | 99.9203488(18) | 49.1(5) s | β+ | 100Ag | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-101 | 101Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 53 | 100.9185862(16) | 1.36(5) min | β+ | 101Ag | 5/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-102 | 102Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 54 | 101.9144818(18) | 5.5(5) min | β+ | 102Ag | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-103 | 103Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 55 | 102.9134169(19) | 7.3(1) min | β+ | 103Ag | 5/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-104 | 104Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 56 | 103.9098562(18) | 57.7(10) min | β+ | 104Ag | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-105 | 105Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 57 | 104.9094639(15) | 55.5(4) min | β+ | 105Ag | 5/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-105m | style="text-indent:1em" | 105mCd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2517.6(5) keV | 4.5(5) μs | IT | 105Cd | (21/2+) | | |-id=Cadmium-106 | 106Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 58 | 105.9064598(12) | colspan=3 align=center|Observationally stable[n 1] | 0+ | 0.01245(22) | |-id=Cadmium-107 | 107Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 59 | 106.9066120(18) | 6.50(2) h | β+ | 107Ag | 5/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-108 | 108Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 60 | 107.9041836(12) | colspan=3 align=center|Observationally stable[n 2] | 0+ | 0.00888(11) | |-id=Cadmium-109 | 109Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 61 | 108.9049867(16) | 461.3(5) d | EC | 109Ag | 5/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-109m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | 109m1Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 59.60(7) keV | 11.8(16) μs | IT | 109Cd | 1/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-109m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | 109m2Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 463.10(11) keV | 10.6(4) μs | IT | 109Cd | 11/2− | | |-id=Cadmium-110 | 110Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 62 | 109.90300747(41) | colspan=3 align=center|Stable | 0+ | 0.12470(61) | |-id=Cadmium-111 | 111Cd[n 3] | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 63 | 110.90418378(38) | colspan=3 align=center|Stable | 1/2+ | 0.12795(12) | |-id=Cadmium-111m | style="text-indent:1em" | 111mCd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 396.214(21) keV | 48.50(9) min | IT | 111Cd | 11/2− | | |-id=Cadmium-112 | 112Cd[n 3] | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 64 | 111.90276390(27) | colspan=3 align=center|Stable | 0+ | 0.24109(7) | |-id=Cadmium-113 | 113Cd[n 3][n 4] | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 65 | 112.90440811(26) | 8.04(5)×1015 y | β− | 113In | 1/2+ | 0.12227(7) | |- | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 113mCd[n 3] | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 263.54(3) keV | rowspan=2|13.89(11) y | β− (99.90%) | 113In | rowspan=2|11/2− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | IT (0.0964%) | 113Cd |-id=Cadmium-114 | 114Cd[n 3] | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 66 | 113.90336500(30) | colspan=3 align=center|Observationally stable[n 5] | 0+ | 0.28754(81) | |-id=Cadmium-115 | 115Cd[n 3] | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 67 | 114.90543743(70) | 53.46(5) h | β− | 115mIn | 1/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-115m | style="text-indent:1em" | 115mCd[n 3] | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 181.0(5) keV | 44.56(24) d | β− | 115mIn | 11/2− | | |-id=Cadmium-116 | 116Cd[n 3][n 4] | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 68 | 115.90476323(17) | 2.69(9)×1019 y | β−β− | 116Sn | 0+ | 0.07512(54) | |-id=Cadmium-117 | 117Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 69 | 116.9072260(11) | 2.503(5) h | β− | 117In | 1/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-117m | style="text-indent:1em" | 117mCd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 136.4(2) keV | 3.441(9) h | β− | 117In | 11/2− | | |-id=Cadmium-118 | 118Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 70 | 117.906922(21) | 50.3(2) min | β− | 118In | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-119 | 119Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 71 | 118.909847(40) | 2.69(2) min | β− | 119In | 1/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-119m | style="text-indent:1em" | 119mCd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 146.54(11) keV | 2.20(2) min | β− | 119In | 11/2− | | |-id=Cadmium-120 | 120Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 72 | 119.9098681(40) | 50.80(21) s | β− | 120In | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-121 | 121Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 73 | 120.9129637(21) | 13.5(3) s | β− | 121In | 3/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-121m | style="text-indent:1em" | 121mCd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 214.86(15) keV | 8.3(8) s | β− | 121In | 11/2− | | |-id=Cadmium-122 | 122Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 74 | 121.9134591(25) | 5.98(10) s[2] | β− | 122In | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-123 | 123Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 75 | 122.9168925(29) | 2.10(2) s | β− | 123In | 3/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-123m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 123mCd | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 143(4) keV | rowspan=2|1.82(3) s | β− (?%) | 123In | rowspan=2|11/2− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | IT (?%) | 123Cd |-id=Cadmium-124 | 124Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 76 | 123.9176598(28) | 1.25(2) s | β− | 124In | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-125 | 125Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 77 | 124.9212576(31) | 680(40) ms | β− | 125In | 3/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-125m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | 125m1Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 186(4) keV | 480(30) ms | β− | 125In | 11/2− | | |-id=Cadmium-125m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | 125m2Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1648(4) keV | 19(3) μs | IT | 125Cd | (19/2+) | | |-id=Cadmium-126 | 126Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 78 | 125.9224303(25) | 512(5) ms | β− | 126In | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-127 | 127Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 79 | 126.9262033(67) | 480(100) ms | β− | 127In | 3/2+ | | |-id=Cadmium-127m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | 127m1Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 285(8) keV | 360(40) ms | β− | 127In | 11/2− | | |-id=Cadmium-127m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | 127m2Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1845(8) keV | 17.5(3) μs | IT | 127Cd | (19/2+) | | |-id=Cadmium-128 | 128Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 80 | 127.9278168(69) | 246(2) ms | β− | 128In | 0+ | | |-id=Cadmium-128m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | 128m1Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1870.5(3) keV | 270(7) ns | IT | 128Cd | (5−) | | |-id=Cadmium-128m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | 128m2Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2714.6(4) keV | 3.56(6) μs | IT | 128Cd | (10+) | | |-id=Cadmium-128m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | 128m2Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 4286.6(15) keV | 6.3(8) ms | IT | 128Cd | (15−) | | |-id=Cadmium-129 | rowspan=2|129Cd | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 81 | rowspan=2|128.9322356(57) | rowspan=2|147(3) ms | β− (?%) | 129In | rowspan=2|11/2− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β−, n (?%) | 128In |-id=Cadmium-129m1 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 129m1Cd | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 343(8) keV | rowspan=2|157(8) ms | β− (?%) | 129In | rowspan=2|3/2+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β−, n (?%) | 128In |-id=Cadmium-129m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | 129m2Cd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2283(8) keV | 3.6(2) ms | IT | 129Cd | (21/2+) | | |-id=Cadmium-130 | rowspan=2|130Cd | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 82 | rowspan=2|129.934388(24) | rowspan=2|126.8(18) ms | β− (96.5%) | 130In | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β−, n (3.5%) | 129In |-id=Cadmium-130m | style="text-indent:1em" | 130mCd | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2129.6(10) keV | 240(16) ns | IT | 130Cd | (8+) | | |-id=Cadmium-131 | rowspan=2|131Cd | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 83 | rowspan=2|130.940728(21) | rowspan=2|98(2) ms | β− (96.5%) | 131In | rowspan=2|7/2−# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β−, n (3.5%) | 130In |-id=Cadmium-132 | rowspan=2|132Cd | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84 | rowspan=2|131.945823(64) | rowspan=2|84(5) ms | β−, n (60%) | 131In | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β− (40%) | 132In |-id=Cadmium-133 | rowspan=2|133Cd | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 48 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 85 | rowspan=2|132.95261(22)# | rowspan=2|61(6) ms | β− (?%) | 133In | rowspan=2|7/2−# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β−, n (?%) | 132In |-id=Cadmium-134 | 134Cd | style="text-align:right" | 48 | style="text-align:right" | 86 | 133.95764(32)# | 65(15) ms | β− | 134In | 0+ | | Template:Isotopes table/footer

Cadmium-113m

Template:Medium-lived fission products

Cadmium-113m is a cadmium radioisotope and nuclear isomer with a half-life of 14.1 years. In a normal thermal reactor, it has a very low fission product yield, plus its large neutron capture cross section means that most of even the small amount produced is destroyed in the course of the nuclear fuel's burnup; thus, this isotope is not a significant contributor to nuclear waste.

Fast fission or fission of some heavier actinidesTemplate:Which will produce 113mCd at higher yields.

See also

Daughter products other than cadmium

References

Template:Reflist

Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Authority control

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".


Cite error: <ref> tags exist for a group named "n", but no corresponding <references group="n"/> tag was found

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Isotopes_of_cadmium&oldid=2072132"