Beta Librae: Difference between revisions

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imported>Lithopsian
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imported>21.Andromedae
 
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{{Starbox detail
{{Starbox detail
  | mass    = {{val|3.5|+0.3|-0.2}}<ref name=apj736_2_89/>
  | mass    = {{val|3.5|+0.3|-0.2}}<ref name=apj736_2_89/>
  | radius  = 4.9<ref name=lang2006/>
  | radius  = 4.77<ref name=tycho-gaia/>
  | luminosity  = 130
  | luminosity  = 413<ref name=tycho-gaia/>
  | temperature = {{val|12300}}<ref name=aaa501_1_297/>
  | temperature = 11,900<ref name=tycho-gaia/>
  | metal_fe    = 0.33<ref name=apj736_2_89/>
  | metal_fe    = 0.33<ref name=apj736_2_89/>
  | rotational_velocity = 250<ref name=apj573_1_359/>
  | rotational_velocity = 250<ref name=apj573_1_359/>
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{{Starbox end}}
{{Starbox end}}


'''Beta Librae''' ('''β Librae''', abbreviated '''Beta Lib''', '''β Lib'''), formally named '''Zubeneschamali''' {{IPAc-en|z|uː|ˌ|b|ɛ|n|ɛ|ʃ|ə|ˈ|m|eɪ|l|i}},<ref name=Kunitzsch>{{cite book
'''Beta Librae''' is the brightest [[star]] in the [[zodiac]] [[constellation]] of [[Libra (constellation)|Libra]]. It has the proper name '''Zubeneschamali''' {{IPAc-en|z|uː|ˌ|b|ɛ|n|ɛ|ʃ|ə|ˈ|m|eɪ|l|i}},<ref name=Kunitzsch>{{cite book
  |last1=Kunitzsch |first1=Paul
  |last1=Kunitzsch |first1=Paul
  |last2=Smart |first2=Tim
  |last2=Smart |first2=Tim
Line 56: Line 56:
  |publisher = Sky Pub |location = Cambridge, Massachusetts
  |publisher = Sky Pub |location = Cambridge, Massachusetts
  |isbn = 978-1-931559-44-7
  |isbn = 978-1-931559-44-7
}}</ref><ref name="IAU-CSN">{{cite web | url=http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/IAU-CSN.txt | title=IAU Catalog of Star Names |access-date=28 July 2016}}</ref> is (despite its '[[beta]]' designation) the brightest [[star]] in the [[zodiac]] [[constellation]] of [[Libra (constellation)|Libra]]. From [[parallax]] measurements, its distance can be estimated as {{Convert|185|ly|pc|abbr=off|lk=on}} from the [[Sun]].<ref name=aaa474_2_653/>
}}</ref><ref name="IAU-CSN">{{cite web | url=http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/IAU-CSN.txt | title=IAU Catalog of Star Names |access-date=28 July 2016}}</ref> Beta Librae is its [[Bayer designation]]. From [[parallax]] measurements taken by the [[Hipparcos]] mission, its distance is measured to be {{Convert|185|ly|pc|abbr=off|lk=on}}.<ref name=aaa474_2_653/>


The [[apparent visual magnitude]] of this star is 2.6.<ref name=scfs/> According to [[Eratosthenes]], Beta Librae was observed to be brighter than [[Antares]]. [[Ptolemy]], 350 years later, said it was as bright as Antares. The discrepancy may be due to Antares becoming brighter, but this is not known for certain. It could simply be caused by Beta Librae being a [[variable star]], showing a present-day variability of 0.03 of a magnitude.<ref name="Auk"/>
The [[apparent visual magnitude]] of this star is 2.6.<ref name=scfs/> According to [[Eratosthenes]], Beta Librae was observed to be brighter than [[Antares]]. [[Ptolemy]], 350 years later, said it was as bright as Antares. The discrepancy may be due to Antares becoming brighter, but this is not known for certain. It could simply be caused by Beta Librae being a [[variable star]], showing a present-day variability of 0.03 of a magnitude.<ref name="Auk"/>


==Name==
==Name==
''β Librae'' ([[Latinisation of names|Latinised]] to ''Beta Librae'') is the star's [[Bayer designation]].
''β Librae'' ([[Latinisation of names|Latinised]] to ''Beta Librae'') is the star's [[Bayer designation]]. It can also be  abbreviated as ''Beta Lib'' or ''β Lib''.


It bore the traditional name ''Zubeneschamali'' {{IPAc-en|ˌ|z|uː|b|ən|ˌ|ɛ|ʃ|ə|ˈ|m|eɪ|l|i}} (less common renderings, or corruptions, are ''Zuben Eschamali'', ''Zuben el Chamali'', ''Zubenesch'', ''Zubenelg''), derived from the [[Arabic]] الزُّبَانَى الشَمَالِي (''al-zubānā al-šamāliyy'') meaning "the northern claw".<!--Note: the Auk reference has a garbled version of the Arabic.--> This name originated in a time when Libra was viewed as representing the "claws of the [[Scorpius|scorpion]]".<ref name="Auk"/> There was also ''Kiffa Borealis'', from the Arabic ''al-kiffah aš-šamāliyy'' "the northern pan (of the scales)" and the [[Latin]] equivalent ''Lanx Borealis''.<ref name=lahire1727/> In 2016, the [[International Astronomical Union]] organized a [[IAU Working Group on Star Names|Working Group on Star Names]] (WGSN)<ref name="WGSN">{{citation
It bore the traditional name ''Zubeneschamali'' {{IPAc-en|ˌ|z|uː|b|ən|ˌ|ɛ|ʃ|ə|ˈ|m|eɪ|l|i}} (less common renderings, or corruptions, are ''Zuben Eschamali'', ''Zuben el Chamali'', ''Zubenesch'', ''Zubenelg''), derived from the [[Arabic]] الزُّبَانَى الشَمَالِي (''al-zubānā al-šamāliyy'') meaning "the northern claw".<!--Note: the Auk reference has a garbled version of the Arabic.--> This name originated in a time when Libra was viewed as representing the "claws of the [[Scorpius|scorpion]]".<ref name="Auk"/> There was also ''Kiffa Borealis'', from the Arabic ''al-kiffah aš-šamāliyy'' "the northern pan (of the scales)" and the [[Latin]] equivalent ''Lanx Borealis''.<ref name=lahire1727/> In 2016, the [[International Astronomical Union]] organized a [[IAU Working Group on Star Names|Working Group on Star Names]] (WGSN)<ref name="WGSN">{{citation
Line 72: Line 72:


== Properties ==
== Properties ==
Based upon the features of its [[stellar spectrum|spectrum]], Beta Librae has a [[stellar classification]] of B8&nbsp;V,<ref name=apj736_2_89/> making it a [[B-type main-sequence star]]. It is about 130 times more luminous than the Sun and has a surface temperature of {{val|12300|fmt=commas|ul=K}},<ref name=aaa501_1_297/> double that of the Sun. This high temperature produces light with a simple spectrum, making it ideal for examining the interstellar gas and dust between Earth and the star. Like many stars of its kind, it is spinning rapidly, over 100 times faster than the Sun with a [[projected rotational velocity]] of {{nowrap|250 km·s<sup>−1</sup>}}.<ref name=apj573_1_359/> The measured [[angular diameter]] of the primary star is 0.801&nbsp;[[milliarcsecond|mas]].<ref name=aaa501_1_297/> At the estimated distance of this system, this yields a physical size of about 4.9 times the [[radius of the Sun]].<ref name=lang2006/>
Based upon the features of its [[stellar spectrum|spectrum]], Beta Librae has a [[stellar classification]] of B8&nbsp;V,<ref name=apj736_2_89/> making it a [[B-type main-sequence star]]. It is 4.77 times larger than the Sun, about 410 times more luminous, and has a surface [[effective temperature]] of {{val|11900|fmt=commas|ul=K}},<ref name=tycho-gaia/> double that of the Sun. This high temperature produces light with a simple spectrum, making it ideal for examining the interstellar gas and dust between Earth and the star. Like many stars of its kind, it is spinning rapidly, over 100 times faster than the Sun with a [[projected rotational velocity]] of {{nowrap|250 km·s<sup>−1</sup>}}.<ref name=apj573_1_359/>


This type of massive, hydrogen-fusing star often appears blue-white, and is usually stated to be white or bluish by modern observers, but earlier observers often described Beta Librae as the only greenish star visible to the naked eye.<ref name="uiuc"/> There seems to be no generally accepted explanation for why some observers see it as green.<ref name=burnham1978/> The small periodic variations in the magnitude of Beta Librae suggest the presence of a companion star which is not directly observable from Earth.<ref name="glyphweb"/> However, it is categorized as a single star.<ref name=mnras389_2_869/>
This type of massive, hydrogen-fusing star often appears blue-white, and is usually stated to be white or bluish by modern observers, but earlier observers often described Beta Librae as the only greenish star visible to the naked eye.<ref name="uiuc"/> There seems to be no generally accepted explanation for why some observers see it as green.<ref name=burnham1978/> The small periodic variations in the magnitude of Beta Librae suggest the presence of a companion star which is not directly observable from Earth.<ref name="glyphweb"/> However, it is categorized as a single star.<ref name=mnras389_2_869/>


In around 200 million years, Beta Librae would have exhausted the supply of hydrogen in its core and become a [[giant star]] similar to [[Beta Herculis]], which had a similar initial mass.<ref>{{Cite web |title=kornephoros |url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/kornephoros.html |access-date=2024-08-04 |website=stars.astro.illinois.edu}}</ref>
In around 200 million years, Beta Librae will have exhausted the supply of hydrogen in its core and become a [[giant star]] similar to [[Beta Herculis]], which had a similar initial mass.<ref>{{Cite web |title=kornephoros |url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/kornephoros.html |access-date=2024-08-04 |website=stars.astro.illinois.edu}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
Line 107: Line 107:
  | bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015
  | bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015
  | arxiv=1108.4971 | s2cid=119257644 | postscript=. }}</ref>
  | arxiv=1108.4971 | s2cid=119257644 | postscript=. }}</ref>
<ref name=tycho-gaia>{{citation |last1=McDonald |first1=I. |last2=Zijlstra |first2=A. A. |last3=Watson |first3=R. A. |date=2017-10-01 |title=Fundamental parameters and infrared excesses of Tycho-Gaia stars  |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=471 |pages=770–791 |doi=10.1093/mnras/stx1433 |doi-access=free |issn=0035-8711|arxiv=1706.02208 |bibcode=2017MNRAS.471..770M |postscript=.}} [https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=J/MNRAS/471/770&RAJ2000=229.251728 Beta Librae's database entry] at [[VizieR]].</ref>


<ref name=scfs>{{citation | display-authors=1 | title=Sixth Catalogue of Fundamental Stars (FK6). Part I. Basic fundamental stars with direct solutions | journal=Veröff. Astron. Rechen-Inst. Heidelb | volume=35 | last1=Wielen | first1=R. | last2=Schwan | first2=H. | last3=Dettbarn | first3=C. | last4=Lenhardt | first4=H. | last5=Jahreiß | first5=H. | last6=Jährling | first6=R. | publisher=Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg | issue=35 | page=1 | year=1999 | bibcode=1999VeARI..35....1W | postscript=. }}</ref>
<ref name=scfs>{{citation | display-authors=1 | title=Sixth Catalogue of Fundamental Stars (FK6). Part I. Basic fundamental stars with direct solutions | journal=Veröff. Astron. Rechen-Inst. Heidelb | volume=35 | last1=Wielen | first1=R. | last2=Schwan | first2=H. | last3=Dettbarn | first3=C. | last4=Lenhardt | first4=H. | last5=Jahreiß | first5=H. | last6=Jährling | first6=R. | publisher=Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg | issue=35 | page=1 | year=1999 | bibcode=1999VeARI..35....1W | postscript=. }}</ref>
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<ref name=apjs15_459>{{citation | last1=Gutierrez-Moreno | first1=Adelina | last2=Moreno | first2=Hugo | title=A photometric investigation of the Scorpio-Centaurus association |  journal=Astrophysical Journal Supplement | volume=15 | page=459 |date=June 1968 | bibcode=1968ApJS...15..459G | doi=10.1086/190168 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=apjs15_459>{{citation | last1=Gutierrez-Moreno | first1=Adelina | last2=Moreno | first2=Hugo | title=A photometric investigation of the Scorpio-Centaurus association |  journal=Astrophysical Journal Supplement | volume=15 | page=459 |date=June 1968 | bibcode=1968ApJS...15..459G | doi=10.1086/190168 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=aaa501_1_297>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Zorec | first1=J. | last2=Cidale | first2=L. | last3=Arias | first3=M. L. | last4=Frémat | first4=Y. | last5=Muratore | first5=M. F. | last6=Torres | first6=A. F. | last7=Martayan | first7=C. | last8=Martayan | first8=C. | title=Fundamental parameters of B supergiants from the BCD system. I. Calibration of the (λ_1, D) parameters into Teff | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=501 | issue=1 | pages=297–320 |date=July 2009 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200811147 | bibcode=2009A&A...501..297Z |arxiv = 0903.5134 | s2cid=14969137 }}</ref>


<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite simbad | title=bet Lib | accessdate=2007-01-22 }}</ref>
<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite simbad | title=bet Lib | accessdate=2007-01-22 }}</ref>
<ref name=lang2006>{{citation | first1=Kenneth R. | last1=Lang | title=Astrophysical formulae | volume=1 | series=Astronomy and astrophysics library | edition=3 | publisher=[[Birkhäuser]] | year=2006 | isbn=3-540-29692-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OvTjLcQ4MCQC&pg=PA41 }}. The radius (R<sub>*</sub>) is given by:
:<math>\begin{align} 2\cdot R_*
& = \frac{(56.8\cdot 0.801\cdot 10^{-3})\ \text{AU}}{0.0046491\ \text{AU}/R_{\bigodot}} \\
& \approx 9.8\cdot R_{\bigodot}
\end{align}</math></ref>


<ref name=mnras389_2_869>{{cite journal | last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A. | title=A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems | journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] | volume=389 | issue=2 | pages=869–879 |date=September 2008 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | doi-access=free | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E |arxiv = 0806.2878 | s2cid=14878976 }}</ref>
<ref name=mnras389_2_869>{{cite journal | last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A. | title=A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems | journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] | volume=389 | issue=2 | pages=869–879 |date=September 2008 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | doi-access=free | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E |arxiv = 0806.2878 | s2cid=14878976 }}</ref>

Latest revision as of 19:44, 22 June 2025

Template:Short description

Beta Librae
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Libra
Right ascension Template:RA[1]
Declination Template:DEC[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 2.61[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Main sequence
Spectral type B8 V[3]
U−B Template:Engvar −0.359[4]
B−V Template:Engvar −0.106[4]
Variable type Suspected
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−35.2[2] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −98.10[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −19.65[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)17.62±0.16 mas[1]
DistanceTemplate:Rnd ± Template:Rnd ly
(Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−1.16[5]
Details
MassTemplate:Val[3] Template:Solar mass
Radius4.77[6] Template:Solar radius
Luminosity413[6] Template:Solar luminosity
Temperature11,900[6] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.33[3] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)250[7] km/s
AgeTemplate:Val[3] Myr
Metallicity [Fe/H]{{{metal_fe2}}} dex
Other designations
Zubeneschamali, Kiffa Australis, Lanx Borealis, β Lib, 27 Librae, BD−08°3935, FK5 564, HD 135742, HIP 74785, HR 5685, NSV 7009, SAO 140430[8]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Beta Librae is the brightest star in the zodiac constellation of Libra. It has the proper name Zubeneschamali Template:IPAc-en,[9][10] Beta Librae is its Bayer designation. From parallax measurements taken by the Hipparcos mission, its distance is measured to be Template:Convert.[1]

The apparent visual magnitude of this star is 2.6.[2] According to Eratosthenes, Beta Librae was observed to be brighter than Antares. Ptolemy, 350 years later, said it was as bright as Antares. The discrepancy may be due to Antares becoming brighter, but this is not known for certain. It could simply be caused by Beta Librae being a variable star, showing a present-day variability of 0.03 of a magnitude.[11]

Name

β Librae (Latinised to Beta Librae) is the star's Bayer designation. It can also be abbreviated as Beta Lib or β Lib.

It bore the traditional name Zubeneschamali Template:IPAc-en (less common renderings, or corruptions, are Zuben Eschamali, Zuben el Chamali, Zubenesch, Zubenelg), derived from the Arabic الزُّبَانَى الشَمَالِي (al-zubānā al-šamāliyy) meaning "the northern claw". This name originated in a time when Libra was viewed as representing the "claws of the scorpion".[11] There was also Kiffa Borealis, from the Arabic al-kiffah aš-šamāliyy "the northern pan (of the scales)" and the Latin equivalent Lanx Borealis.[12] In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[13] to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Zubeneschamali for this star on 21 August 2016 and it is now so entered in the IAU Catalog of Star Names.[10]

In Chinese, Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), meaning Root, refers to an asterism consisting of β Librae, α2 Librae, ι Librae and γ Librae.[14] Consequently, the Chinese name for β Librae itself is Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), "the Fourth Star of Root".[15]

Properties

Based upon the features of its spectrum, Beta Librae has a stellar classification of B8 V,[3] making it a B-type main-sequence star. It is 4.77 times larger than the Sun, about 410 times more luminous, and has a surface effective temperature of Template:Val,[6] double that of the Sun. This high temperature produces light with a simple spectrum, making it ideal for examining the interstellar gas and dust between Earth and the star. Like many stars of its kind, it is spinning rapidly, over 100 times faster than the Sun with a projected rotational velocity of 250 km·s−1.[7]

This type of massive, hydrogen-fusing star often appears blue-white, and is usually stated to be white or bluish by modern observers, but earlier observers often described Beta Librae as the only greenish star visible to the naked eye.[16] There seems to be no generally accepted explanation for why some observers see it as green.[17] The small periodic variations in the magnitude of Beta Librae suggest the presence of a companion star which is not directly observable from Earth.[18] However, it is categorized as a single star.[19]

In around 200 million years, Beta Librae will have exhausted the supply of hydrogen in its core and become a giant star similar to Beta Herculis, which had a similar initial mass.[20]

See also

References

Template:Reflist

External links

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – Find more Arabic Star Names and their meanings.
  • Template:WikiSky

Template:Sky Template:Stars of Libra

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named aaa474_2_653
  2. ↑ a b c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named scfs
  3. ↑ a b c d e Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named apj736_2_89
  4. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named apjs15_459
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Anderson2012
  6. ↑ a b c d Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named tycho-gaia
  7. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named apj573_1_359
  8. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named SIMBAD
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Auk
  12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named lahire1727
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Template:In lang 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, Template:ISBN.
  15. ↑ Template:In lang 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 Template:Webarchive, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named uiuc
  17. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named burnham1978
  18. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named glyphweb
  19. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mnras389_2_869
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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