imported>Namakaeha: /* Oil fields */

2025-10-22T06:20:44Z

Oil fields

← Previous revision		Revision as of 06:20, 22 October 2025
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	==Oil fields==		==Oil fields==
	Southern Sudan's first [[oil reserves]] were discovered in the area during the 1970s. The international oil companies which engaged in oil exploration contributed to massive displacement of the indigenous population.<ref>Human Rights Watch, [https://www.hrw.org/reports/2003/sudan1103/ 'Sudan, oil, and human rights'], ''www.hrw.org'', November.</ref>		Southern Sudan's first [[oil reserves]] were discovered in the area during the 1970s. The international oil companies which engaged in oil exploration contributed to the massive displacement of the indigenous population.<ref>Human Rights Watch, [https://www.hrw.org/reports/2003/sudan1103/ 'Sudan, oil, and human rights'], ''www.hrw.org'', November.</ref>

	Oilfields in the state include the [[Unity oilfield]] and most of [[Block 5A, South Sudan\|Block 5A]]. The Unity oilfield is within the largest hydrocarbon accumulation in the [[Muglad Basin\|Muglad rift basin]] and contains an estimated {{convert\|150000000\|oilbbl}} of oil.<ref>NPA Group 2008, [http://www.npagroup.co.uk/oilandmineral/onshore/studies/country_sudan.htm 'Sudan - Muglad Basin'] {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517211442/http://www.npagroup.co.uk/oilandmineral/onshore/studies/country_sudan.htm \|date=17 May 2008 }}, ''www.npagroup.co.uk'', 27 February. Retrieved 5 March 2008.</ref>		Oilfields in the state include the [[Unity oilfield]] and most of [[Block 5A, South Sudan\|Block 5A]]. The Unity oilfield is within the largest hydrocarbon accumulation in the [[Muglad Basin\|Muglad rift basin]] and contains an estimated {{convert\|150000000\|oilbbl}} of oil.<ref>NPA Group 2008, [http://www.npagroup.co.uk/oilandmineral/onshore/studies/country_sudan.htm 'Sudan - Muglad Basin'] {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517211442/http://www.npagroup.co.uk/oilandmineral/onshore/studies/country_sudan.htm \|date=17 May 2008 }}, ''www.npagroup.co.uk'', 27 February. Retrieved 5 March 2008.</ref>

2C0F:2A80:25F1:C810:FC93:5904:B46D:338E at 16:50, 8 April 2025

2025-04-08T16:50:42Z

New page

{{Short description|State of South Sudan}}
{{Distinguish|United State (disambiguation){{!}}United State}}
{{Update|date=June 2022|reason=complete information, such as map and current cities, reflecting the re-establishment of state is missing}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Unity State
| native_name =
| other_name = Western Upper Nile
| nickname =
| motto =
| settlement_type = [[States of South Sudan|State]]
| image_skyline =
| imagesize =
| image_caption =
| image_flag = Flag of Unity State.png
| image_seal = Emblem of Unity State.png
| image_shield =
| image_map =Al-Wahda Map.svg
| mapsize =
| map_caption = Location in South Sudan (2011–2015 boundaries)
| coordinates = {{Coord|09|00|N|29|42|E|region:SS_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{Flag|South Sudan}}
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = [[Greater Upper Nile]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Counties of South Sudan|No. of counties]]:
| subdivision_name2 = 9
| seat_type=Capital
| seat=[[Bentiu]]
| government_type = State
| leader_title = Governor
| leader_name = HE.Major Gen. Justice Riek Bim Top Long<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2024 |title=Kiir sacks Unity State governor over human rights violations |url=https://sudantribune.com/article285887/ |access-date=21 May 2024 |website=Sudan Tribune |language=en-us}}</ref>
| established_title =
| established_date =
| area_magnitude =
| area_total_km2 = 37836.39
| population_as_of = 2014 estimate
| population_note =
| population_total = 824700
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone = [[Central Africa Time|CAT]]
| utc_offset = +2
| elevation_m =
| elevation_ft =
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2021)
| blank_info_sec1 = 0.344<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2020-04-18}}</ref><br/>{{color|#900|low}} · [[List of states of South Sudan by Human Development Index|7th of 10]]
| iso_code = SS-UY
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Unity State''', also known as '''Western Upper Nile''',<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3WQkACoP3FkC&q=unity+state+western+upper+nile&pg=PA101|title=Sudan, Oil, and Human Rights|page=102|isbn=9781564322913|last1=Rone|first1=Jemera|last2=(Organization)|first2=Human Rights Watch|year=2003}}</ref> is a [[States of South Sudan|state]] in [[South Sudan]]. Unity State is in the [[Greater Upper Nile]] region. Unity is inhabited predominantly by two ethnic groups: the [[Nuer people|Nuer]] majority, and the [[Dinka people|Dinka]] minority.

In 2015, a presidential decree established a new system of 28 states, replacing the previously established 10. Unity State was replaced by the states of [[Ruweng State|Ruweng]], [[Northern Liech]] and [[Southern Liech]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://radiotamazuj.org/en/article/new-decree-creates-ethnic-enclaves-nuer |publisher=Radio Tamazuj |title=New decree creates ethnic enclaves for Nuer |date=2 October 2015 |access-date=21 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222103539/https://radiotamazuj.org/en/article/new-decree-creates-ethnic-enclaves-nuer |archive-date=22 February 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Unity State was re-established by a peace agreement signed on 22 February 2020 with smaller boundaries as the northern part of the former state became the [[Ruweng Administrative Area]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vhumbunu |first=Clayton Hazvinei |title=The Formation of the Revitalized Transitional Government of National Unity in South Sudan |url=https://www.accord.org.za/conflict-trends/the-formation-of-the-revitalized-transitional-government-of-national-unity-in-south-sudan/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240925213351/https://www.accord.org.za/conflict-trends/the-formation-of-the-revitalized-transitional-government-of-national-unity-in-south-sudan/ |archive-date=2024-09-25 |access-date=2024-09-25 |website=ACCORD |language=en-GB}}</ref>

==Administrative divisions==
The capital of Unity state is [[Bentiu]]. Before an administrative reorganization in 1994, Unity was part of a much larger province of Upper Nile, and the state was sometimes called Western Upper Nile.

The counties of Unity are:
* [[Guit County]]
* [[Koch County]]
* [[Leer County]]
* [[Mayiandit County]]
* [[Mayom County]]
* [[Panyijar County]]
* [[Rubkona County]]

Large towns in Unity include [[Bentiu]], [[Mayom, South Sudan|Mayom]], [[Rubkona]] and [[Leer, South Sudan|Leer]].

Other towns include [[Riangnom]], [[Rub-Koni]], [[Yoahnyang]], [[Tam, South Sudan|Tam]], [[Mankien]], [[Wang-Kay]], [[Koch, South Sudan|Koch]], [[Nyal Town, Panyijar County, South Sudan|Nyal]] and [[Ganyliel]].<ref>{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Unity State Map}}
|url=http://www.unsudanig.org/library/mapcatalogue/south/data/state/SS_0026_U_State_A4_20100308_300_1.pdf
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190612075833/http://www.unsudanig.org/library/mapcatalogue/south/data/state/SS_0026_U_State_A4_20100308_300_1.pdf
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=2019-06-12
|title= Unity State Map
|publisher=UN OCHA
|date=August 3, 2010
|access-date=2011-09-14}}</ref>

==Economy==

Agriculture is the state's primary economic activity. Many people of the state are [[Nomad|nomadic agro-pastoralists]] who engage in both agriculture and rearing of livestock, especially cattle. Farming is primarily conducted during the rainy season, although some cultivation also occurs during summer. Vegetables are not widely cultivated, as most farmers are rural rather than urban, and therefore lack access to markets for their produce. Some NGOs have introduced farmers to the practice of cultivation for market.

==Oil fields==
Southern Sudan's first [[oil reserves]] were discovered in the area during the 1970s. The international oil companies which engaged in oil exploration contributed to massive displacement of the indigenous population.<ref>Human Rights Watch, [https://www.hrw.org/reports/2003/sudan1103/ 'Sudan, oil, and human rights'], ''www.hrw.org'', November.</ref>

Oilfields in the state include the [[Unity oilfield]] and most of [[Block 5A, South Sudan|Block 5A]]. The Unity oilfield is within the largest hydrocarbon accumulation in the [[Muglad Basin|Muglad rift basin]] and contains an estimated {{convert|150000000|oilbbl}} of oil.<ref>NPA Group 2008, [http://www.npagroup.co.uk/oilandmineral/onshore/studies/country_sudan.htm 'Sudan - Muglad Basin'] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517211442/http://www.npagroup.co.uk/oilandmineral/onshore/studies/country_sudan.htm |date=17 May 2008 }}, ''www.npagroup.co.uk'', 27 February. Retrieved 5 March 2008.</ref>

The [[Greater Nile Oil Pipeline]] begins in the Unity oilfield.

==See also==
*[[2007 Sudan floods]]
*[[Greater Nile Oil Pipeline]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* USAID 2001, [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/sudan_oil_usaid_2001.pdf 'Sudan: Oil and gas concession holders' (map)], University of Texas Library. (Map shows location of oil field. Note that state borders are out of date.)

{{South Sudan political divisions}}

[[Category:Unity (state)| ]]
[[Category:States of South Sudan]]
[[Category:Greater Upper Nile]]

Unity State - Revision history

imported>Namakaeha: /* Oil fields */

2C0F:2A80:25F1:C810:FC93:5904:B46D:338E at 16:50, 8 April 2025