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Moved to inline-citation (User:Kevmin request). Removed duplication.

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{{Short description|Elm cultivar}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ulmus'' × ''hollandica'' 'Dauvessei'}}
{{Infobox Cultivar
| name = ''Ulmus × hollandica'' 'Dauvessei'
| hybrid = [[Ulmus × hollandica|''U. glabra'' × ''U. minor'']]
| cultivar = 'Dauvessei'
| origin = France<ref name=Jacobson>{{cite book |last=Jacobson|first=Arthur Lee|date=1996 |title=North American Landscape Trees|pages=655|isbn=9780898158137|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XOrwAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA655&dq=Dauvessei+Dauvesse}}</ref>
}}
The [[hybrid (biology)|hybrid]] elm [[cultivar]] '''''Ulmus × hollandica''''' ''''Dauvessei'''', one of a number of cultivars arising from the crossing of the [[Wych Elm]] ''U. glabra'' with a variety of [[Field Elm]] ''U. minor'', is a very rare cultivar said to have originated at the ''D. Dauvesse'' nursery in [[Orléans]], France before 1877.<ref name=Jacobson/><ref name="Krussman">{{cite book|last=Krüssman|first=Gerd|date=1984|title=Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs|volume=3|page=410}}</ref>

==Description==
According to [[Augustine Henry|Henry]]'s description (1913) based on a tree at [[Kew Gardens|Kew]], the branches ascend to form a broad, pyramidal crown; the leaves bear a resemblance to [[Wych Elm]], but are generally smaller, rarely exceeding 10 cm long by 5 cm wide, and thinner in texture, with petioles nearly 1 cm long.<ref name=Elwes/><ref name=Green>{{cite journal |last=Green |first=Peter Shaw |author-link=Peter Shaw Green |date=1964 |title=Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus|url=https://archive.org/stream/arnoldiaarno_21#page/40/mode/2up/|journal=Arnoldia |volume=24|pages=41–80 |number=6–8 |publisher=[[Arnold Arboretum]], [[Harvard University]] |access-date=16 February 2017}}
</ref><ref>{{Naturalis Biodiversity Center |id=L.4214028 |name=''Ulmus hollandica'' Mill. var. dauvessi}} Labelled ''Ulmus dauvessei''; Kew Gardens specimen (1936); {{Naturalis Biodiversity Center |id=L.1587061 |name=''Ulmus hollandica'' Mill. var. dauvessi}} Labelled ''Ulmus'' × ''hollandica'' nm. ''dauvessei'' (Henry; 'type tree'); Kew Gardens specimen (1955)</ref> [[Johann Gerd Krüssmann|Krüssmann]] added that the leaf-base was more oblique.<ref name="Krussman"/>

The [[United States National Arboretum|US National Arboretum]], however, described the 'Dauvessei' that once grew in [[West Potomac Park]], Washington, D.C., as similar in appearance to [[English Elm]] (in its lower latitude growth-form), forking at about 2 metres, reaching about 20 m tall by 18 m broad.<ref>Label of herbarium specimen WAG.1847155, Botany Catalogues, Naturalis Biodiversity Center. West Potomac Park specimen, Washington, D.C.</ref> Herbarium specimens from the Washington trees show less elongated, rounder leaves than those at Kew, with fewer vein-pairs.<ref>{{Naturalis Biodiversity Center |id=WAG.1847155 |name=''Ulmus hollandica'' Mill. var. dauvessi}} [[West Potomac Park]] specimen 1, [[Washington, D.C.]] (1966); [http://vplants.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=20343085 "Herbarium specimen HUDC00010315"] Howard University Herbarium; West Potomac Park, specimen 2, Washington, D.C. (1966); [https://vplants.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=20343086&clid=0 "Herbarium specimen HUDC00010316] Howard University Herbarium; West Potomac Park, specimen 3, Washington, D.C. (1966); {{Naturalis Biodiversity Center |id=WAG.1847157 |name=''Ulmus hollandica'' Mill. var. dauvessi}} [[West Potomac Park]] samara specimen, [[Washington, D.C.]] (1966)</ref>

==Pests and diseases==
The tree is susceptible to [[Dutch elm disease]].

==Cultivation==
There are no confirmed surviving specimens of 'Dauvessei'. A tree obtained from [[Lee and Kennedy|Lee]] of Hammersmith in 1879 grew at [[Kew Gardens]], where it attained a height of {{convert|40|ft|m}}.<ref name=Elwes>{{cite book|last1=Elwes|first1=Henry John|author-link1=Henry John Elwes|last2=Henry|first2=Augustine|author-link2=Augustine Henry|date=1913|title=The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland|volume=7|pages=1874|url=https://archive.org/stream/treesofgreatbrit07elweuoft#page/1874/mode/2up}} Republished 2004 Cambridge University Press, {{ISBN|9781108069380}}</ref> In the United States specimens stood along [[National Mall|The Mall]] in [[Washington D.C.]] among [[Ulmus americana|American Elms]] on either side of the [[Reflecting Pool]] (2009),<ref>Sherald, James L., [https://www.nps.gov/nationalmallplan/Documents/Studies/ElmsoftheMonuCore_HistandMgmtPlan_122009.pdf#21 'Elms of the Monumental Core'] (Washington D.C.), National Park Service (2009),  p.7</ref><ref>{{Naturalis Biodiversity Center |id=WAG.1847155 |name=''Ulmus hollandica'' Mill. var. dauvessi}} [[West Potomac Park]] specimen 1, [[Washington, D.C.]] (1966)</ref> but it is not known whether any survive. A 2018 [[Cornell University]] study of the National Mall elms found five possible ''Ulmus'' × ''hollandica'' there (cultivar unidentified).<ref name ="stateNatMall">[http://www.hort.cornell.edu/uhi/research/articles/National%20Mall%20Elms_2018.04.07.pdf Bassuk, Denig, Harada, Neal: 'The state of the elms on the National Mall in Washington, D.C.: tree & soil conditions' (2018); hort.cornell.edu]</ref> A tree acquired from the Nobelius nursery in 1929 and grown at the [[University of Adelaide]] Waite Arboretum, Australia, died in 1997; [[Ronald Melville (botanist)|Melville]] confirmed the 'Dauvessei' identification, reconfirmed by the arboretum in 1992.<ref>Information from Waite Arboretum, 2018, on accession no. 430, ''Ulmus × hollandica'' 'Dauvessei'</ref>

===Putative specimen===
In the UK a broad pyramidal tree matching 'Dauvessei' descriptions<ref name=Elwes/><ref name="Krussman"/> and 'Dauvessei' herbarium material from a specimen in [[West Potomac Park]], [[Washington, D.C.]], producing hybrid-type [[samara (fruit)|samarae]], stands in the east corner of Claremont Park, [[Leith]], by Seafield Place. Its location and tidy shape suggest a named cultivar.<ref name="SeafieldMay2015">Google Maps: [https://www.google.co.uk/maps/@55.9705169,-3.1520596,3a,75y,38.92h,94.9t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1skespdvEBdpr8MiRf0PovJQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656 Seafield Pl - Google Maps (May 2015)], accessdate: August 19, 2016</ref><ref name="SeafieldJul2008">Google Maps: [https://www.google.co.uk/maps/@55.970526,-3.1520574,3a,75y,38.92h,94.9t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sC-UXJOW3jMXHhcHZmg0c5g!2e0!7i13312!8i6656 Seafield Pl - Google Maps (July 2008)], accessdate: August 19, 2016</ref><ref>[https://conservationfoundation.co.uk/elm-tree/?id=2 ''Ulmus'' × ''hollandica'' 'Dauvessei'; Conservation Foundation, conservationfoundation.co.uk]</ref>
<gallery>
File:Possible Ulmus x hollandica 'Dauvessei' or 'Haarlemensis' (3).jpg|Seafield Place elm
File:Bark of possible Ulmus x hollandica 'Dauvessei' or 'Haarlemensis'.jpg|Bole of same
File:Leaves of possible Ulmus x hollandica 'Dauvessei'.jpg|Leaves of same, August
File:Possible Ulmus x hollandica 'Dauvessei' or 'Haarlemensis' (4).jpg|Foliage, October
File:AZ0002 Ulmus. Seafield Place (04).jpg|[[samara (fruit)|Samarae]] of same
File:AZ0002 Ulmus. Seafield Place (05).jpg|Same, spring
</gallery>

==Hybrid cultivars==
'Dauvessei' was crossed with ''[[Ulmus × hollandica]]'', ''[[Ulmus glabra|U. glabra]]'', and [[Ulmus minor|''U. minor'']] in the Dutch elm breeding programme before [[World War II]], but none of the progeny were of particular note and were discarded.<ref name=went>Went, J. A. (1954). The Dutch elm disease - Summary of 15 years' hybridisation and selection work (1937–1952). ''European Journal of Plant Pathology'', Vol 60, 2, March 1954.</ref>

==Synonymy==
*''Ulmus campestris'' var. ''Dauvessi'' <small>Hort.</small>: [[Pierre Alphonse Martin Lavallée|Lavallée]] [http://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/botanist_search.php?id=353], [https://archive.org/stream/arboretumsegrezi00lava#page/235/mode/2up ''Arboretum Segrezianum'' 235, 1877].
*''Ulmus montana'' var. ''Dauvessei'': [[George Nicholson (botanist)|Nicholson]], ''Kew Hand-List Trees and Shrubs'', 2: 139, 1896.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars |state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ulmus x hollandica 'Dauvessei'}}
[[Category:Dutch elm cultivar]]
[[Category:Ulmus]]
[[Category:Ulmus articles missing images]]

Ulmus × hollandica 'Dauvessei' - Revision history

193.39.159.73: Moved to inline-citation (User:Kevmin request). Removed duplication.