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{{Short description|Tucker-class destroyer}}
{{other ships|USS Porter}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[File:USS Porter (DD-59) cropped.jpg|300px|''Porter'' undergoing trials, 8 March 1916]]
|Ship caption=USS ''Porter'' (DD-59), undergoing trials, 8 March 1916
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1934}}
|Ship name=''Porter''
|Ship namesake=[[David Dixon Porter]]
|Ship builder=*[[William Cramp & Sons]]<ref name=DANFS>{{cite DANFS | author = Naval History & Heritage Command | author-link = Naval History & Heritage Command | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p10/porter-ii.htm | title = Porter | short = on | access-date = 23 April 2009 }}</ref>
*[[Philadelphia]]
|Ship original cost=$878,683.78 (hull and machinery)<ref>{{cite journal |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=mZEqAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA762 |title= Table 21 - Ships on Navy List June 30, 1919 |journal= Congressional Serial Set |publisher= U.S. Government Printing Office |year= 1921 |page= 762 }}</ref>
|Ship yard number=420<ref name=Miramar>{{csr|register=MSI|id=6105678|shipname=Porter |access-date=23 April 2009 }}</ref>
|Ship ordered=1913<ref name=Con-123 />
|Ship laid down=24 August 1914<ref name=DANFS />
|Ship launched=26 August 1915<ref name=DANFS />
|Ship sponsor=Miss Georgiana Porter Cusachs<ref name=DANFS />
|Ship commissioned=17 April 1916<ref name=DANFS />
|Ship decommissioned=23 June 1922<ref name=DANFS />
|Ship struck=5 July 1934<ref name=DANFS />
|Ship identification=*[[Hull classification symbol#Surface combatant type|Hull symbol]]:DD-56
*[[International Code of Signals|Code letters]]:NOO
*{{ICS|November}}{{ICS|Oscar}}{{ICS|Oscar}}
|Ship fate=*transferred to U.S. Coast Guard, 7 June 1924<ref name=DANFS />
*sold on 22 August 1934
|Ship notes= lost her name to new construction on July 1, 1933, referred to as ''DD-59'' afterward
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=title
|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United States|coast guard}}
|Ship name=''Porter''
|Ship acquired=7 June 1924<ref name=USCG />
|Ship commissioned=20 February 1925, [[Delaware Bay]]<ref name=USCG />
|Ship decommissioned=5 June 1933<ref name=USCG />
|Ship identification=[[Hull classification symbol#United States Coast Guard vessels|Hull symbol]]:CG-7
|Ship fate=returned to U.S. Navy, 30 June 1933<ref name=USCG />
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Ship class={{sclass|Tucker|destroyer}}
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|1090|LT|MT|lk=on}}<ref name=Con-123 />
*{{convert|1205|LT|MT}} fully loaded<ref name=DANFS />
|Ship length={{convert|315|ft|3|in|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=DANFS />
|Ship beam={{convert|30|ft|7|in|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=Con-123>Gardiner, pp. 122–23.</ref>
|Ship draft=*{{convert|9|ft|4+1/2|in|m|abbr=on}} (mean)<ref name="congress">{{cite journal |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=mZEqAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA762 |title= Table 10 - Ships on Navy List June 30, 1919 |journal= Congressional Serial Set |publisher= U.S. Government Printing Office |year= 1921 |page= 714 }}</ref>
*{{convert|10|ft|5|in|m|abbr=on}} (max)
|Ship power=*4 × [[Yarrow boiler]]s
*{{convert|18000|shp|kW|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=*2 × [[Curtis steam turbine|Curtis geared steam turbine]]s
*2 × [[screw propeller]]s
|Ship speed=*{{convert|29.5|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}}<ref name=DANFS />
*{{convert|29.58|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}} (Speed on [[Sea trial|Trial]])<ref name="congress" />
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=5 officers 96 enlisted<ref name="comp and arms">{{cite journal |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=mZEqAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA762 |title= Table 16 - Ships on Navy List June 30, 1919 |journal= Congressional Serial Set |publisher= U.S. Government Printing Office |year= 1921 |page= 749 }}</ref>
|Ship armament=*4 × [[4"/50 caliber gun|{{convert|4|in|mm|abbr=on}}/50]] [[caliber (artillery)|caliber]] guns
*8 × [[American 21 inch torpedo|21 inch (533 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s (4 × 2)
|Ship motto=
}}
|}
'''USS ''Porter'' (Destroyer No. 59/DD-59)''' was a {{sclass|Tucker|destroyer}} built for the [[United States Navy]] prior to the [[American entry into World War I]]. The ship was the second U.S. Navy vessel named in honor of both [[David Porter (naval officer)|David Porter]] and his son [[David Dixon Porter]].

''Porter'' was [[keel laying|laid down]] by the [[William Cramp & Sons]] of [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]], in August 1914 and [[launch (ship)|launch]]ed in August of the following year. The ship was a little more than {{convert|315|ft|m}} in length, just over {{convert|30|ft|m}} [[beam (nautical)|abeam]], and had a standard [[displace (ship)|displacement]] of {{convert|1090|LT|MT}}. She was armed with four {{convert|4|in|cm|adj=on}} guns and had eight [[American 21 inch torpedo|21 inch (533 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s. ''Porter'' was powered by a pair of [[steam turbine]]s that propelled her at up to {{convert|29.5|knots|km/h}}.

After her April 1916 [[Ship commissioning|commission]]ing, ''Porter'' conducted her [[shakedown cruise]] in the [[Caribbean]]. After the United States entered World War I in April 1917, ''Porter'' was part of the first U.S. destroyer squadron sent overseas. Patrolling the [[Irish Sea|Irish]] and [[Celtic Sea]] out of [[Queenstown, Ireland]], ''Porter'' severely damaged the German submarine {{SMU|U-108||2}} in April 1918.

Upon returning to the United States after the war, ''Porter'' operated off the [[East Coast of the United States|east coast]] until she was decommissioned in June 1922. In June 1924, ''Porter'' was transferred to the [[United States Coast Guard]] to help enforce [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]] as a part of the "[[Rum Patrol]]". She operated under the name '''USCGC ''Porter'' (CG-7)''' until 1933, when she was returned to the Navy. Later that year, the ship was renamed '''''DD-59''''' to free the name ''Porter'' for [[USS Porter (DD-356)|another destroyer]]. She was sold for scrap in August 1934.

== Design and construction ==
''Porter'' was authorized in 1913 as the third ship of the {{sclass|Tucker|destroyer|4}} which, like the related {{sclass|O'Brien|destroyer|4}}, was an improved version of the {{sclass|Cassin|destroyer|1}}s authorized in 1911. Construction of the vessel was awarded to [[William Cramp & Sons]] of [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]], which [[keel laying|laid down her keel]] on 24 August 1914. Twelve months later, on 26 August 1915, ''Porter'' was [[launch (ship)|launch]]ed by sponsor Miss Georgiana Porter Cusachs, a descendant of the ship's namesakes, Commodore [[David Porter (naval officer)|David Porter]] (1780–1843) and son Admiral [[David Dixon Porter]] (1813–1891), both notable U.S. Navy officers.<ref name=DANFS /> As built, ''Porter'' was {{convert|315|ft|3|in|m}} in length and {{convert|30|ft|6|in|m}} [[beam (nautical)|abeam]] and [[draft (ship)|drew]] {{convert|9|ft|4|in|m}}. The ship had a standard [[displace (ship)|displace]]ment of {{convert|1090|LT|MT}} and displaced {{convert|1205|LT|MT}} when fully loaded.<ref name=Con-123 />

''Porter'' had two [[Curtis steam turbine]]s that drove her two [[screw propeller]]s, and an additional steam turbine geared to one of the [[propeller shaft (ship)|propeller shaft]]s for cruising purposes. The power plant could generate {{convert|18000|shp}} and move the ship at speeds up to {{convert|29.5|knots|km/h}}.<ref name=Con-123 />

''Porter''{{'}}s main [[artillery battery|battery]] consisted of four [[4"/50 caliber gun|{{convert|4|in|mm|0|adj=on}}/50 Mark 9 guns]],<ref name=DANFS /><ref name=NavWeaps-4in>{{cite web | last = DiGiulian | first = Tony | title = United States of America: 4"/50 (10.2 cm) Marks 7, 8, 9 and 10 | url = http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_4-50_mk9.htm | work = Naval Weapons of the World | publisher = Navweaps.com | date = 15 August 2008 | access-date = 22 April 2009 }}</ref><ref group=Note>The ''50'' denotes the length of the gun barrels; in this case, the gun is 50 [[calibers#Caliber as measurement of length|calibers]], meaning that the gun is 50 times as long as it is in diameter, {{convert|200|in|m}} in this case. The Mark number is the version of the gun; in this case, the ninth U.S. Navy design of the 4-inch/50 gun.</ref> with each gun weighing in excess of {{convert|6100|lbs|kg}}.<ref name=NavWeaps-4in /> The guns fired {{convert|33|lbs|kg|adj=on}} [[armor-piercing shot and shell|armor-piercing]] [[projectile]]s at {{convert|2900|ft/s|m/s}}. At an [[elevation (ballistics)|elevation]] of 20°, the guns had a range of {{convert|15920|yards|m}}.<ref name=NavWeaps-4in />

''Porter'' was also equipped with eight {{convert|21|in|mm|0|adj=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s. The [[General Board of the United States Navy]] had called for two [[anti-aircraft gun]]s for the ''Tucker''-class ships, as well as provisions for laying up to 36 floating [[mine (naval)|mine]]s.<ref name=Con-123 /> From sources, it is unclear if these recommendations were followed for ''Porter'' or any of the other ships of the class.

== United States Navy career ==
USS ''Porter'' was [[Ship commissioning|commission]]ed into the United States Navy on 17 April 1916. Following her commissioning, ''Porter''{{'}}s [[shakedown cruise|shakedown]] was conducted in the [[Caribbean]].<ref name=DANFS />

After the United States entry into World War I on 6 April 1917, ''Porter'' was readied for overseas duty and departed from [[New York City|New York]] on 24 April with the other five ships of her division—{{USS|Wadsworth|DD-60|2}} (the [[flagship]]), {{USS|Davis|DD-65|2}}, {{USS|Conyngham|DD-58|2}}, {{USS|McDougal|DD-54|2}}, and {{USS|Wainwright|DD-62|2}}. The sextet arrived at [[Queenstown, Ireland]], on 4 May and began patrolling the southern approaches to the [[Irish Sea]] the next day.<ref name=DANFS-Wadsworth>{{cite DANFS | author = Naval History & Heritage Command | author-link = Naval History & Heritage Command | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/w1/wadsworth-i.htm | title = Wadsworth | short = on | access-date = 22 April 2009 }}</ref> Based at Queenstown, ''Porter'' met and escorted convoys from the United States as they entered the war zone.<ref name=DANFS />

On 16 October 1917, ''Porter'' came to the aid of American destroyer {{USS|Cassin|DD-43|2}},<ref name=Feuer-20>Feuer, p. 20.</ref> which had been torpedoed by German submarine {{SMU|U-61||2}} about {{convert|20|nmi|km}} south of [[Mine Head|Mine Head, Ireland]].<ref name=Ubn-Cassin>{{cite Uboat.net | name = Cassin (Uss) | id = 1156 | type = 1ship | access-date = 24 April 2009 }}</ref> ''Cassin''{{'}}s stern had nearly been blown off and her rudder was gone, leaving the ship unable to steer. ''Porter'' arrived at about 16:00 and stayed with ''Cassin'' until dusk when two British sloops, {{HMS|Jessamine|1915|2}} and {{HMS|Tamarisk|1916|2}}, took over for ''Porter'';<ref name=Feuer-20 /> ''Cassin'' was towed to safety and later returned to patrol duty.<ref name=DANFS-Cassin>{{cite DANFS | author = Naval History & Heritage Command | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/c/cassin-i.html | title = Cassin | access-date = 13 August 2015 | short = on }}</ref>

On 28 April 1918, ''Porter'' severely damaged {{SMU|U-108||2}} while that German submarine was steaming to intercept a convoy. The destroyer was transferred to [[Brest, France]], on 14 June. She returned to the United States at the end of the war, and operated off the East Coast until she was decommissioned on 23 June 1922.<ref name=DANFS />

== United States Coast Guard career ==
On 17 January 1920, [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]] was instituted by law in the United States. Soon, the smuggling of alcoholic beverages along the coastlines of the United States became widespread and blatant. The [[United States Department of Treasury|Treasury Department]] eventually determined that the [[United States Coast Guard]] simply did not have the ships to constitute a successful patrol. To cope with the problem, President [[Calvin Coolidge]] in 1924 authorized the transfer from the Navy to the Coast Guard of twenty old destroyers that were in reserve and out of commission.<ref name=DANFS-Tucker>{{cite DANFS | author = Naval History & Heritage Command | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/t/tucker-i.html | title = Tucker | access-date = 13 August 2015 |short = on | link = off }}</ref> ''Porter'' was reactivated and transferred to the [[United States Department of the Treasury|Treasury Department]] on 7 June 1924 for use by the Coast Guard.<ref name=DANFS />

Designated ''CG-7'', ''Porter'' was commissioned on 20 February 1925, and was stationed in New York for duties on the "[[Rum Patrol]]" to aid in the attempt to enforce prohibition laws. During her Coast Guard service, ''Porter'' captured the [[rum-running]] vessel ''Conseulo II'' (the former ''Louise'') off the coast of [[Long Island]].<ref name=USCG>{{cite web | title = Porter: CG-7 | url = http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Porter.pdf | publisher = Historian's Office, United States Coast Guard | access-date = 24 April 2009 }}</ref>

After the [[United States Congress]] proposed the [[Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution|Twenty-first Amendment]] to end prohibition in February 1933, plans were made for ''Porter'' to be returned to the Navy.<ref name=DANFS /> On 27 May 1933, ''Porter'' arrived at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, and was decommissioned nine days later, on 5 June.<ref name=USCG /> ''Porter'' was transferred back to the Navy on 30 June. Later in 1933 the ship was renamed ''DD-59'' in order to free the name ''Porter'' for [[USS Porter (DD-356)|a new destroyer of the same name]].<ref name=Miramar /> ''DD-59'' remained in noncommissioned status until struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register]] on 5 July 1934. She was sold for scrap on 22 August in accordance with the [[London Naval Treaty]].<ref name=DANFS />

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=Note}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/p/porter-ii.html}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{cite book | last = Feuer | first = A. B. | title = The U.S. Navy in World War I | location = [[Westport, Connecticut]] | publisher = [[Praeger Publishing|Praeger]] | year = 1999 | isbn = 978-0-275-96212-8 | oclc = 40595325 }}
* {{cite book | editor1-last=Gardiner | editor1-first=Robert | editor2-last=Gray | editor2-first=Randal | title = Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921 | location = [[Annapolis, Maryland]] | publisher = [[Naval Institute Press]] | year = 1985 | isbn = 978-0-87021-907-8 | oclc = 12119866 }}
* {{cite DANFS | author = Naval History & Heritage Command | author-link = Naval History & Heritage Command | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/c/cassin-i.html | title = Cassin | access-date = 13 August 2015 }}
* {{cite DANFS | author = Naval History & Heritage Command | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/p/porter-ii.html| title = Porter | access-date = 13 August 2015 | link = off }}
* {{cite DANFS | author = Naval History & Heritage Command | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/t/tucker-i.html | title = Tucker | access-date = 13 August 2015 | link = off }}
* {{cite DANFS | author = Naval History & Heritage Command | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/w/wadsworth-i.html | title = Wadsworth | access-date = 13 August 2015 | link = off }}

== External links ==
* {{navsource|05/059|Porter}}

{{Tucker class destroyer}}

{{good article}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Porter (DD-59)}}
[[Category:Tucker-class destroyers]]
[[Category:Ships built by William Cramp & Sons]]
[[Category:1915 ships]]
[[Category:World War I destroyers of the United States]]
[[Category:Ships of the United States Coast Guard]]
[[Category:Ships transferred from the United States Navy to the United States Coast Guard]]

USS Porter (DD-59) - Revision history

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