imported>JJMC89 bot III: Moving :Category:20th-century attacks on synagogues and Jewish communal organizations to :Category:20th-century attacks on Jewish institutions per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2024 August 27

2024-09-03T20:16:19Z

Moving Category:20th-century attacks on synagogues and Jewish communal organizations to Category:20th-century attacks on Jewish institutions per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2024 August 27

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{{Short description|Former synagogue in Tykocin, Poland}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox religious building
| name = Tykocin Synagogue
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = TykocinSynagogue1.jpg
| image_upright = 1.4
| alt =
| caption = The former synagogue, now museum, in 2019
| religious_affiliation = [[Judaism]] {{small|(former)}}
| tradition =
| sect =
| district =
| prefecture =
| province =
| region =
| deity =
| rite = [[Nusach Ashkenaz]]
| festival = 
| organisational_status = {{ubl|[[Synagogue]] {{small|(1642–1939)}}|[[Profane use]] {{small|(1939–1960s)}}|[[Jewish museum]] {{small|(since late 1970s)}}}}
| ownership =
| governing_body =
| leadership =
| bhattaraka =
| patron =
| consecration_year =
| functional_status = {{ubl|'''Abandoned''' {{small|(as a synagogue)}};|Repurposed}}
| religious_features_label =
| religious_features =
| location = 2 Kozia Street, [[Tykocin]], [[Podlaskie Voivodeship]]
| locale =
| municipality =
| cercle =
| state =
| country = [[Poland]]
| map_type = Poland Podlaskie Voivodeship
| map_size = 250
| map_alt =
| map_relief = 1
| map_caption = Location of the former synagogue,<br/>now museum, in [[Podlaskie Voivodeship]]
| grid_name =
| grid_position =
| sector =
| territory =
| administration =
| coordinates = {{Coord|53.206722|N|22.767250|E|region:PL_type:landmark_scale:10000_source:plwiki|display=it|format=dms}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| heritage_designation =
| architect =
| architecture_type = [[Synagogue architecture]]
| architecture_style = {{ubl|[[Baroque architecture|Baroque]]|[[Mannerist architecture|Mannerist]]}}
| founded_by =
| creator =
| funded_by =
| general_contractor =
| established =
| groundbreaking =
| year_completed = 1642
| construction_cost =
| date_demolished = 
| facade_direction =
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| length =
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| materials = Brick
| elevation_m = 
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| footnotes = <ref name=CJA>{{cite web |url=https://cja.huji.ac.il/mhs/browser.php?mode=set&id=1337 |title=Great Synagogue in Tykocin |work=Historical synagogues in Europe |publisher=Foundation for Jewish Heritage and the [[Center for Jewish Art]] at [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]] |date=n.d. |access-date=26 July 2024 }}</ref>
}}
The '''Tykocin Synagogue''' is an historic former [[Judaism|Jewish]] [[synagogue]] building, located in [[Tykocin]], [[Podlaskie Voivodeship]], [[Poland]].<ref name ="Survey">{{cite book |chapter=Survey of Historic Jewish Monuments in Poland, |author=Gruber, Samuel |author-link=Samuel D. Gruber |author2=Myers, Phyllis |title=Report to the Presidents Commission for the Preservation of America's Heritage Abroad |publisher=Jewish Heritage Council World Monuments Fund |date=November 1995 |pages=44–5}}</ref> The synagogue was completed in 1643, in the [[mannerist architecture and sculpture in Poland|Mannerist]]-early [[Baroque]] style.<ref>{{cite web |author=Dariusz Stankiewicz |url=http://bialystok.jewish.org.pl/page8.html |title=Tykocin-synagoga |publisher=bialystok.jewish.org.pl |accessdate=2009-12-28 |language=pl}}</ref>

Disused as a synagogue during [[World War II]], the building was [[profane use|used for profane]] purposes, restored during the 1970s, and repurposed as a [[Jewish museum]].<ref name=CJA/>

== History ==
During the [[Nazi]] occupation of Poland in 1941, the synagogue was desecrated and then set up as a warehouse. After the end of the war, it remained in use as a warehouse for fertilizers. In 1965, a fire damaged the interiors.

The synagogue was thoroughly restored in the late 1970s. The historic wall paintings, most of which are decorative texts of Hebrew prayers, were restored. The elaborate, decorative ceiling was not reconstructed although some idea of the style can be gleaned from the design of the [[Torah ark|Torah Ark]].<ref name ="Survey" />

A former Beit Medrash (study and prayer hall) located across the street has been restored and is in use as a city museum.<ref name ="Survey" />

Although no Jews now live in Tykocin,{{citation needed|date=May 2020}} 40,000 tourists a year come to see the old synagogue, which remains "in lonely and unexpected splendor".<ref name = "Virtually">{{cite book |title=Virtually Jewish: Reinventing Jewish Culture in Europe |author=Gruber, Ruth Ellen |publisher=University of California Press |year=2002 |page=165 |isbn=978-0520213630}}</ref> The tourism has generated economic activity, including a cafe serving "Jewish-style" food and a bed-and-breakfast.<ref name = "Virtually" />

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Tykocin Great Synagogue 02.jpg
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 09.jpg
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 12.jpg|[[Bema|Bimah]]
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 34.jpg
Tykocin July 2013 074.JPG|Ceiling
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 43.jpg
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 57.jpg|[[Tallit]]
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 54.jpg|Tallit and [[Menorah (Hanukkah)|Hanukiah]]
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 01.jpg|[[Torah ark]]
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 02.jpg|Torah ark closeup
Tykocin Great Synagogue 14.jpg
Tykocin Great Synagogue 19.jpg
Tykocin synagogue fc02.jpg
</gallery>

==See also==
{{stack|{{portal|Poland|Judaism}}}}
* [[History of the Jews in Poland]]
* [[List of mannerist structures in Northern Poland]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Great Synagogue in Tykocin}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050411074044/http://ddickerson.igc.org/tykocin.html Tykocin Synagogue photos]
* [http://cja.huji.ac.il/browser.php?mode=set&id=1337 Great Synagogue of Tykocin in the Bezalel Narkiss Index of Jewish Art]

{{Synagogues in Poland}}
{{Jews and Judaism in Poland}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1642 establishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:17th-century synagogues in Poland]]
[[Category:Ashkenazi Jewish culture in Poland]]
[[Category:Ashkenazi synagogues]]
[[Category:Baroque synagogues in Poland]]
[[Category:Białystok County]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Podlaskie Voivodeship]]
[[Category:Former synagogues in Poland]]
[[Category:Jewish museums in Poland]]
[[Category:Jewish Polish history]]
[[Category:Mannerist architecture in Poland]]
[[Category:Museums in Podlaskie Voivodeship]]
[[Category:Synagogues completed in 1642]]
[[Category:Synagogues preserved as museums]]
[[Category:20th-century attacks on Jewish institutions]]

Tykocin Synagogue - Revision history

imported>JJMC89 bot III: Moving :Category:20th-century attacks on synagogues and Jewish communal organizations to :Category:20th-century attacks on Jewish institutions per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2024 August 27