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{{Short description|Village in Gloucestershire, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox UK place
| official_name = Turkdean
| country = England
| region = South West England
| static_image = All Saints' Church, Turkdean Geograph-2821694-by-David-Purchase.jpg
| static_image_caption = [[Church of All Saints, Turkdean|Church of All Saints]]
| label_position = bottom
| area_footnotes = 
| area_total_sq_mi = 
| area_total_km2 = 
| population =
| population_ref = 
| os_grid_reference =
| coordinates = {{coord|51.8568|-1.8447|display=inline,title}}
| post_town = CHELTENHAM
| postcode_area = GL
| postcode_district = GL54
| dial_code = 01451
| constituency_westminster = [[North Cotswolds (UK Parliament constituency)|North Cotswolds]]
| civil_parish = Turkdean

| london_distance = 
| shire_district = [[Cotswold (district)|Cotswold]]
| shire_county = [[Gloucestershire]]
| unitary_england =
| website =
| hide_services =
}}

'''Turkdean''' is a village and [[civil parish]] in [[Gloucestershire]], England, approximately {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the east of [[Gloucester]]. It lies in the [[Cotswolds]], an [[Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty]].

==History==
Turkdean was recorded as ''Turcandene'' in the 8th century and was listed as ''Turchedene'' or ''Turghedene'' in the [[Domesday Book]] of 1086.<ref name="ADM">{{cite book
| last = Mills
| first = A. D.
| title = Dictionary of English Place-Names
| publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]
| year = 1998
| pages = 354
| isbn =0-19-280074-4 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| title = Turkdean
| work = [[Domesday Book]]
| publisher = [[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|The National Archives]]
| year = 1086
| url = http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documentsonline/details-result.asp?Edoc_Id=7577454&queryType=1&resultcount=2
| access-date =25 January 2010 }}</ref> It derives from the [[Old English]] for "valley (''denu'') of a river called ''Turce''", with ''Turce'' or ''Twrch'' being a lost [[Celtic languages|Celtic]] river name, possibly meaning [[wild boar|boar]].<ref name="ADM" /><ref name=NMH>{{Citation
| last = Herbert
| first = N. M.
| title = Parishes: Turkdean
| newspaper = A History of the County of Gloucester: volume 9
| pages = 217–233
| year = 2001
| url = http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66472
| access-date =25 January 2010
}}
</ref>

The Anglican [[Church of All Saints, Turkdean|Church of All Saints]] was built in the 12th century. It is a grade I [[listed building]].<ref name="nhle">{{cite web |title=Church of All Saints |url=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1089820 |website=National Heritage List for England |publisher=Historic England |access-date=20 October 2020}}</ref>

==Governance==
Turkdean is part of the Sandywell [[Wards of the United Kingdom|ward]] of the [[Districts of England|district]] of [[Cotswold (district)|Cotswold]], represented by one [[councillor]].<ref>{{cite web
| title = Find a district councillor
| publisher = Cotswold District Council
| url = https://www.cotswold.gov.uk/about-the-council/councillors-and-committees/find-a-district-councillor
| access-date =21 December 2024 }}</ref> It is within the [[North Cotswolds (UK Parliament constituency)|North Cotswolds]] [[constituency]], represented in [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|parliament]] by Conservative [[Member of Parliament|MP]] [[Geoffrey Clifton-Brown (born 1953)|Geoffrey Clifton-Brown]].<ref>{{cite web
| title = Geoffrey Clifton-Brown MP
| publisher = Official site
| year = 2010
| url = http://www.cliftonbrown.co.uk/
| access-date =14 June 2010 }}
</ref> Prior to [[Brexit]] in 2020, it was part of the [[South West England (European Parliament constituency)|South West England]] constituency of the [[European Parliament]].

==Geography==
Turkdean is in the county of Gloucestershire and lies within the [[Cotswolds]], a range of hills designated an [[Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty]]. It is approximately {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the east of Gloucester. It is approximately {{convert|21|km|mi|abbr=on}} east of its [[post town]] Cheltenham and about {{convert|8|km|mi|abbr=on}} south-west of [[Bourton-on-the-Water]]. The southeastern boundary follows the route of the [[Roman roads|Roman road]] the [[Fosse Way]].<ref name=NMH /> Nearby villages include [[Cold Aston]], [[Hazleton, Gloucestershire|Hazleton]], [[Clapton, Gloucestershire|Clapton]], [[Farmington, Gloucestershire|Farmington]] and [[Hampnett]].

==In popular culture==
In the [[1981 in film|1981]] film ''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]'', [[Harrison Ford]]'s character, archaeologist [[Indiana Jones (character)|Indiana Jones]], mentions the [[Neolithic]] barrow at Turkdean, near [[Hazleton, Gloucestershire|Hazleton]], during a university lecture.<ref>{{cite web | title = Indiana Jones: The Gloucestershire Connection | publisher = [[BBC]] | date = 20 May 2008 | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/gloucestershire/content/articles/2008/05/20/gloucs_archaeology_feature.shtml | access-date =6 July 2009 }}</ref> There are [[Hazleton long barrows|two Neolithic long barrows]] at Hazleton, one of which was excavated over three summer seasons between 1980 and 1982.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.archaeologyuk.org/ba/ba72/column2.shtml| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120926111448/http://www.archaeologyuk.org/ba/ba72/column2.shtml| archive-date = 2012-09-26| title = British Archaeology 72, September 2003}}</ref>

==Turkdean Roman Villa==
The [[Channel 4]] archaeological television series ''[[Time Team]]'' made two visits, in 1997 (Time Team Live 1997, repackaged as series 5 episode 4) and 1998 (series 6 episode 9), to excavate a Roman villa site about 1 mile to the north of the village.<ref>{{ cite web | title = Time Team Live 1997 | publisher = [[Channel 4]] | url = http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/archive/ttlive/index2.html | access-date = 19 April 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110908060845/http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/archive/ttlive/ | archive-date=8 September 2011 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
| title = Time Team: The 98 series — Programme 4: Turkdean, Gloucestershire
| publisher = [[Channel 4]]
| url = http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/archive/prog4.html
| access-date = 19 April 2016
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110604015206/http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/archive/prog4.html
| archive-date = 4 June 2011
| url-status = dead }}
</ref><ref>{{ cite web | title = Turkdean, Gloucestershire 28 February 1999 | publisher = [[Channel 4]] | url = http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/archive/turkdean99.html | access-date = 19 April 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100929182915/http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/archive/turkdean99.html | archive-date = 29 September 2010 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{ cite web | title = Time Team Series 5 | publisher = [[Channel 4]] | url = http://www.channel4.com/programmes/time-team/episode-guide/series-5/ | access-date = 19 April 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083356/http://www.channel4.com/programmes/time-team/episode-guide/series-5/ | archive-date = 4 March 2016 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{ cite web | title = Time Team Series 6 | publisher = [[Channel 4]] | url = http://www.channel4.com/programmes/time-team/episode-guide/series-6/ | access-date = 19 April 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045513/http://www.channel4.com/programmes/time-team/episode-guide/series-6/ | archive-date = 4 March 2016 | url-status = live }}</ref>

In 2012, Turkdean Roman Villa was listed as a [[Scheduled Monument]] by [[Historic England]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Turkdean Roman Villa |url=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1408772 |website=Historic England |access-date=8 March 2021}}</ref>

==Twrch Trwyth==
As previously noted, the term ''twrch'' in [[Welsh language|Welsh]] denotes "wild boar, hog, mole". So ''Twrch Trwyth'' means "the boar Trwyth". Its Irish cognate may be Triath, King of the Swine ({{langx|sga|Triath ri torcraide}}) or the ''Torc Triath'' mentioned in ''[[Lebor Gabála Érenn]]'',<ref>Macalister ed., tr., LGE 1st Red. ¶ 317, LGE 2nd Red. ¶344, 3rd Red. ¶369)</ref> also recorded as [[Old Irish]] ''Orc tréith'' "Triath's boar" in ''[[Sanas Cormaic]]''.<ref>{{citation|last=Rhys|first=John|title=Celtic folklore: Welsh and Manx|volume=2|year=1901|place=Oxford|publisher=Clarendon Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ASXaAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA537|format=google|pages=520–522; 537–539}}</ref> [[Rachel Bromwich]] regards the form ''Trwyth'' as a late corruption. In the early text ''[[Historia Brittonum]]'', the boar is called ''Troynt'' or ''Troit'', a [[Latinisation of names|Latinisation]] likely from the Welsh ''Trwyd''. Further evidence that ''Trwyd'' was the correct form appears in a reference in a later poem.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ekwall|first=Eilert|authorlink=Eilert Ekwall|title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names|year=1960|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-869103-7|page=482}}</ref>

The names of the hound and boar ''[[Twrch Trwyth]]'' are glimpsed in a piece of geographical [[wiktionary:onomasticon|onomasticon]] composed in Latin in the [[9th century]], the ''[[Historia Brittonum]]''.
''Twrch Trwyth'' ({{IPA|cy|tuːɾχ tɾʊɨθ}}; also {{langx|la|Troynt}} (MSS.''HK''); ''Troit'' (MSS.''C1 D G Q''); or ''Terit'' (MSS. ''C2 L'')<ref>{{Harvnb|Mommsen|1898}} p.217, note to line 18</ref>) is an enchanted [[wild boar]] in the [[Matter of Britain]] that [[King Arthur]] or his men pursued with the aid of Arthur's dog [[Cavall]] ({{langx|cy|Cafall}}, {{langx|la|Cabal}}).

==Notable residents==
The 300-year-old [[manor house]] in the village is the primary residence of musician [[Steve Winwood]], where he also has a recording studio.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.hifinews.com/content/steve-winwood-arc-diver |title=Steve Winwood: Arc Of A Diver |first=Johnny |last=Black |date=28 May 2020 |magazine=[[Hi-Fi News & Record Review]]}}</ref>

==References==
<references />

==Selected bibliography==
* Celtic Folklore Welsh And Manx by John Rhys [1901] [https://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/cfwm/index.htm]
* {{citation|editor-last=Mommsen|editor-first=Theodore|title=Historia Brittonvm cvm additamentis Nennii|work=Chronica Minora|volume=3|pages=111–222|series=Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Auctorum Antiquissimi xiii|place=Berlin|year=1898|url=https://archive.org/details/chronicaminorasa13momm/|format=Internet Archive}}

==External links==
* [https://meetings.cotswold.gov.uk/mgCommitteeMailingList.aspx?ID=1278 Turkdean Parish contact details]
* {{Commons category-inline|Turkdean}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Villages in Gloucestershire]]
[[Category:Cotswold District]]

Turkdean - Revision history

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