http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Thor-DeltaThor-Delta - Revision history2026-05-30T16:59:30ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.1http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Thor-Delta&diff=7904648&oldid=previmported>4throck: Cloud was a Thor Agena2024-11-29T08:37:05Z<p>Cloud was a Thor Agena</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Expendable Rocket developed by USA during the Cold War to launch satellites}}<br />
{{Use American English|date=November 2021}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}<br />
{{Infobox Rocket<br />
| image = 19620426 Delta 9-Ariel 1 LC-17A.jpg<br />
| caption = Thor 320 Delta 9 rocket with UK first satellite Ariel 1, 26 April 1962<br />
| upright = 1<br />
| function = [[Expendable launch system]]<br />
| country-origin = United States<br />
| sites = [[Cape Canaveral Space Force Station|Cape Canaveral]], [[Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 17|LC-17]]<br />
| launches = 12<br />
| success = 11<br />
| fail = 1<br />
| status = Retired<br />
| first = 13 May 1960<br />
| last = 18 September 1962<br />
|stage1engines=DM-18A / MB-3-I|stage2engines=AJ-10-142|stage3aengines=X-248A-7|stage1name=Thor DM-19|stage2name=Delta|stage3name=Altair|LEO-payload=270 kg}}<br />
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The '''Thor-Delta''', also known as '''Delta DM-19''' or just '''Delta''' was an early American [[expendable launch system]] used for 12 [[orbit]]al launches in the early 1960s. A derivative of the [[Thor-Able]], it was a member of the [[Thor (rocket family)|Thor]] family of rockets, and the first member of the [[Delta (rocket family)|Delta]] family.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/delta.htm |title=Delta|last=Wade|first=Mark|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|access-date=2009-02-09|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130817180906/http://astronautix.com/lvs/delta.htm |archive-date=2013-08-17}}</ref><br />
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The first stage was a [[PGM-17 Thor|Thor]] missile in the DM-19 configuration (DM-18A / MB-3-I engine). The second stage was the [[Delta (rocket family)|Delta]] ([[AJ10|AJ-10-142]] engine), which had been derived from the earlier [[Able (rocket stage)|Able]] stage. An [[Altair (rocket stage)|Altair]] [[solid rocket motor]] (X-248A-7) was used as a third stage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_fam/thor.htm|title=Thor family|publisher=Gunter's Space Page |access-date=2009-02-09}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Delta |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/delta.htm |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=Gunter's Space Page |language=en}}</ref><br />
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The basic design of the original [[Vanguard (rocket)|Vanguard]] upper stages, featuring a [[pressure-fed engine|pressure-fed]] nitric acid/[[UDMH]], regeneratively cooled engine, was kept in place, but with an improved [[AJ10]]-118 engine. More significantly, the Delta stage featured [[cold gas thruster|cold gas]] attitude control jets allowing it to be stabilized in orbit for restart and more precise burns.<br />
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The Thor-Delta was the first rocket to use the combination of a Thor missile and a Delta upper stage. This configuration was reused for many later rockets, and a derivative, the [[Delta II]], remained in service until 2018.<br />
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== Thor-Delta launches ==<br />
The Thor-Delta launched a number of significant payloads, including the first [[communications satellite]], [[Echo satellite|Echo 1A]]; the first British satellite, [[Ariel 1]]; and the first active direct-relay communications satellite, [[Telstar|Telstar 1]]. All 12 launches occurred from [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station]] [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 17|Launch Complex 17]]. The launch of Telstar 1 used pad B, while all other launches were from pad A. All launches were successful except the maiden flight, which failed to place [[Echo satellite|Echo 1]] into orbit due to a problem with the second stage.<ref name=":0" /><br />
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=== Launch list ===<br />
{{see also|List of Thor and Delta launches (1960–1969)}}{{transcluded section|source=List of Delta DM-19 launches}}<br />
{{#section-h:List of Delta DM-19 launches|Launch history}}<br />
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== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Launch of TIROS II Spac0047-repair.jpg|Thor 245 Delta 3 launching [[TIROS-2]]<br />
File:Thor-Delta TIROS III launch.jpg|Thor 286 Delta 5 launching [[TIROS-3]]<br />
File:Thor Delta with Explorer 10 (Mar. 25, 1961).gif|Thor 295 Delta 4 launching [[Explorer 10]]<br />
File:Thor Delta with Telstar 1 Jul 10 1962.jpg|Thor 316 Delta 11 launching [[Telstar 1]]<br />
File:Thor Delta with Tiros 4 (Feb. 8 1962)-repair.jpg|Thor 317 Delta 7 launching [[TIROS-4]]<br />
File:Thor Delta with Ariel 1 (Apr. 26, 1962).jpg|Thor 320 Delta 9 launching [[Ariel 1]]<br />
</gallery><br />
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== See also ==<br />
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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{{Expendable launch systems}}<br />
{{US launch systems}}<br />
{{Thor and Delta rockets}}<br />
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[[Category:Thor (rocket family)]]</div>imported>4throck