imported>Kuru: rmv reference to clearly identified wikipedia mirror per WP:CIRCULAR

2025-06-21T13:21:30Z

rmv reference to clearly identified wikipedia mirror per WP:CIRCULAR

← Previous revision		Revision as of 13:21, 21 June 2025
(No difference)

imported>DMacks: Reverted edit by Thalaivar75 (talk) to last version by Fadesga

2024-11-12T20:49:22Z

Reverted edit by Thalaivar75 (talk) to last version by Fadesga

New page

{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}

A '''surface core level shift''' (SCS) is a kind of [[core-level]] shift that often emerges in [[X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy]] spectra of surface [[atom]]s.

Because surface atoms have different chemical environments from bulk atoms, small shifts of binding energies are observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. SCS is ascribed mainly to the lower [[coordination number]]s of surface atoms than bulk atoms. Reduced coordination leads to narrower [[Valence band|valence]] bandwidth. Such narrowing of the bandwidth increases the density of states, and if more than half of the valence band is filled, the band center is lower than bulk and the binding energy increases. In contrast, if less than half of the valence band is filled, the band center is higher than bulk, and the binding energy decreases.

Because the binding energy in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is affected by the final state and other chemical environments, this simple explanation cannot always be applied to the interpretation of X-ray photoelectron spectra. In spite of such complexity, the SCS gives important information about the chemical nature of surface atoms.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Surface Core Level Shift}}
[[Category:Spectroscopy]]

{{Spectroscopy-stub}}

Surface core level shift - Revision history

imported>Kuru: rmv reference to clearly identified wikipedia mirror per WP:CIRCULAR

imported>DMacks: Reverted edit by Thalaivar75 (talk) to last version by Fadesga