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2024-12-28T07:48:32Z

Format administrative division links, remove DEFAULTSORTKEY as per WP:SORTKEY, remove One Source for stubs, minor formatting changes (AWB)

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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Suchacz
| settlement_type = Village
| total_type =  
| image_skyline = Suchacz zespół hotelu Zameczek nad Zatoką obecnie szkoła nr 645256 fota 6.JPG
| image_caption =
| image_flag =
| image_shield =
| image_map =
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship|Warmian-Masurian]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Elbląg County|Elbląg]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Tolkmicko|Tolkmicko]]
| coordinates = {{coord|54|17|4|N|19|26|17|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| registration_plate = NEB
| elevation_m =
| population_as_of = 2006
| population_total = 730
| website =
}}
'''Suchacz''' {{IPAc-pl|'|s|u|h|a|cz}} is a [[village]] in the administrative district of [[Gmina Tolkmicko]], within [[Elbląg County]], [[Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship]], in northern Poland.<ref name="TERYT">{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/broker/access/prefile/listPreFiles.jspa |title=Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal) |date=2008-06-01 |language=Polish}}</ref> It lies approximately {{convert|8|km|mi|0}} south-west of [[Tolkmicko]], {{convert|22|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north of [[Elbląg]], and {{convert|89|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north-west of the regional capital [[Olsztyn]].

==Etymology==
The name Succase probably derives from the [[Old Prussian language|Old Prussian]] term ''suckis'' for "fish". In view of this, it is assumed that the place was settled by Prussian fishermen until the time of the Teutonic Order.<ref name="Der Landkreis Elbing: Succase">{{cite web|url= https://www.elbing-land-familienforschung.de/Seite170.html |title=Der Landkreis Elbing: Succase|language=German|access-date=18 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=suik>''Studium uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego miasta i gminy Tolkmicko. Uwarunkowania strategii trójochrony krajobrazu'', 2014, p. 69 (in Polish)</ref> The settlement was also recorded with the name Sucase or Suckase. On a map issued from [[Amsterdam]] in 1640, Swedish cartographer [[Olao Ioannis Gotho]] named the settlement ''Fischerbud'' (= German: fishing lodge).<ref name="Tractuum_Borussiae_circa_Gedanum_et_Elbingam_ab_incolis_Werder_appellati">{{cite web|url= https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Tractuum_Borussiae_circa_Gedanum_et_Elbingam_ab_incolis_Werder_appellati_cum..._-_CBT_5883137.jpg |title=Tractuum_Borussiae_circa_Gedanum_et_Elbingam_ab_incolis_Werder_appellati|access-date=16 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=historia-wyzynaeblaska>{{cite web|url=http://historia-wyzynaelblaska.pl/suchacz.html |title= Historia Wysoczyzny Elblaskiej, Suchacz |trans-title=History of the Elblaskie Upland, Suchacz |language=Polish |access-date=5 September 2017}}</ref>

==History==
A late [[Neolithic]] settlement from around 2000–1700 BC existed at the site.<ref>''Bruno Ehrlich: Succase, eine Siedlung der jungsteinzeitlichen Schnurkeramiker im Kreise Elbing.'' In: ''Elbinger Jahrbuch.'' Heft 12/13, 1936, {{ZDB|541860-4}}, pp. 44-98, ([http://dlibra.bibliotekaelblaska.pl/dlibra/doccontent?id=5017 digitalisat]) (in German).</ref><ref>''Studium uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego miasta i gminy Tolkmicko. Uwarunkowania strategii trójochrony krajobrazu'', 2014, p. 12 (in Polish).</ref>

In the course of the [[High Medieval]] German colonisation of the East (''[[Ostsiedlung]]'') in the 13th and 14th century and the simultaneous conquest of the [[Prussia (region)|Prussian]] region by the [[Teutonic Order]], ethnic Germans migrated to the region, and the original Prussian population was gradually and finally completely [[Germanisation|Germanised]]. In the course of the [[Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466)|Thirteen Years' War]], the [[Battle of Vistula Lagoon]] between the navy of the Teutonic Order, and the navy of the [[Prussian Confederation]] which was allied with the [[King of Poland]] took place near Succase in 1463. This event is commemorated by a monument in today's village.

Due to the defeat of the Teutonic Order in the Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466) against the [[Prussian Confederation]] and the Polish king allied with it, Succase was under the sovereignty of the [[Kingdom of Poland|Polish Crown]] between 1466 and 1772 as part of [[Royal Prussia]] and must soon have been annexed by the latter to the territory of the autonomous city republic of [[Elblag|Elbing]] as a donation. Succase was under the jurisdiction of Elbing when it was first mentioned by name in 1570 in the course of a dispute between the captain of [[Tolkmicko|Tolkemit]] and the Elbing council.<ref name="Der Landkreis Elbing">{{cite web|url= https://www.elbing-land-familienforschung.de/Seite170.html |title=Der Landkreis Elbing|date=2022-01-16}}</ref> The document further testifies that there was hardly more than an inn in the place at that time. Only gradually, in the course of time, a few smaller houses were added, whose inhabitants lived mainly from fishing.<ref name="Der Landkreis Elbing"/>

After the [[First Partition of Poland]] in 1772, Succase belonged to the [[Prussia]]n province of [[West Prussia]], and thus to the [[German Empire]] since 1871. In 1773, the Elbing magistrate, who was still responsible for Succase, determined that the inhabitants were not to be conscripted into forced labour, but only into woodcutting in the municipal forests.<ref name="Der Landkreis Elbing"/>

In the 19th century, the village grew increasingly, due to the ceramic industry. After schooling had previously taken place in [[Łęcze|Lenzen]], it now became necessary to establish a school in the village itself. In 1838, the community bought a croft that was under construction and set it up as a school building. In autumn 1838, the school building was inaugurated by the Lenzen pastor Simon Gottwerth Plehwe.<ref name="Der Landkreis Elbing"/>

Besides fishing, work in the local brickyard was one of the residents' sources of income.<ref>''Studium uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego miasta i gminy Tolkmicko. Uwarunkowania strategii trójochrony krajobrazu'', 2014, p. 12 (in Polish)</ref> In the second half of the 19th century, the village received a second inn. With the opening of the Haffufer railway line in 1899, which connected Succase with Elbing and with [[Braniewo|Braunsberg]], the village advanced to become a place of excursions, especially for the people of Elbing, where a beach life established itself in the summer. Fruit-growing also gained in importance, and the Haff coast developed into the fruit chamber of East and West Prussia. Thus the village expanded more and more, and the population grew steadily. In the cherry season, the Succasians shipped the fruit on their barges all the way to [[Königsberg]]. Between 1919 and 1921, a road was built to connect Succase with Elbing and Tolkemit. In 1925 Succase had 623 inhabitants.<ref name="Der Landkreis Elbing"/>

After the Second World War, Succase became Polish, the German population was expelled and the village was now called Suchacz. However, the village was soon able to regain its status as an excursion destination, especially as the former Haffufer Railway soon resumed operation as Linia kolejowa nr 254. In the 1970s there was still a restaurant, camping site, recreation centre of the Polish State Railway (PKP), bathing beach, etc. Towards the end of the 20th century, the decline set in. In the 80's and 90's the place was run down.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.frischeshaff.de/suchacz.htm|title = Suchacz/Sucasse}}</ref> In 2005 the Linia kolejowa nr 254 ceased operation.<ref name="tropy">{{cite web |title=Ogólnopolska Baza Kolejowa |trans-title=National Railway Database|url=https://www.bazakolejowa.pl/index.php?dzial=line&id=509&od=0&do=55&okno=historia |website=www.bazakolejowa.pl |language=pl}}</ref> But the first signs of another upswing are becoming apparent: In 2004, a [[marina]] was established in Suchacz,<ref name="Order No 8 of the Director of the Maritime Office in Gdynia of 28 April 2004 establishing the land boundary for the marina in Suchacz">{{cite web|url=https://www.umgdy.gov.pl/akt_prawny/zarzadzenie-nr-8-dyrektora-urzedu-morskiego-w-gdyni-z-dnia-6-lipca-2015-r-w-sprawie-okreslenia-granicy-przystani-morskiej-cegielnia-w-suchaczu-od-strony-ladu/|title=Zarządzenie nr 8 Dyrektora Urzędu Morskiego w Gdyni z dnia 6 lipca 2015 r. w sprawie określenia granicy przystani morskiej CEGIELNIA w Suchaczu od strony lądu|trans-title= Order No. 8 of the Director of the Maritime Office in Gdynia of July 6, 2015 on determining the landward boundary of the CEGIELNIA marina in Suchacz from the land side|date=22 July 2015|language=polish}}</ref> which could soon gain in importance when the [[Vistula Spit canal]] is opened.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Gmina Tolkmicko}}

[[Category:Villages in Elbląg County]]

Suchacz - Revision history

imported>Kiwipete: Format administrative division links, remove DEFAULTSORTKEY as per WP:SORTKEY, remove One Source for stubs, minor formatting changes (AWB)