http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Structural_systemStructural system - Revision history2026-10-26T17:27:23ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.1http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Structural_system&diff=2360494&oldid=previmported>Pancho507: /* See also */ add buttressed core2024-06-20T05:32:40Z<p><span class="autocomment">See also: </span> add buttressed core</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Load-bearing sub-system of a building or object in structural engineering}}<br />
{{Distinguish|Steel frame}}<br />
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The term '''structural system''' or '''structural frame''' in [[structural engineering]] refers to the [[structural load|load]]-resisting [[sub-system]] of a building or object. The structural system transfers [[Structural load|load]]s through interconnected [[structural element|elements]] or members.<br />
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Commonly used structures can be classified into five major categories, depending on the type of primary [[Stress (mechanics)|stress]] that may arise in the members of the structures under major design loads. However any two or more of the basic structural types described in the following may be combined in a single structure, such as a building or a [[bridge]] in order to meet the structure's functional requirements.<ref name="Kassimali">Kassimali, A. (1999). ''Structural analysis''. 2nd edition. Pacific Grove, C.A.: PWS Publication.</ref><br />
*[[Tensile structure]]s: Members of tensile structures are subject to pure [[Tension (physics)|tension]] under the action of external loads. Because the tensile stress is uniformly distributed over the [[cross-sectional area]] of members, the material of such a structure is utilized in the most efficient manner.<br />
*[[Compressive strength|Compressive structures]]: Compression structures develop mainly [[Compression (physics)|compressive]] stresses under the action of axial loads. Because compressive structures are susceptible to [[buckling]] or instability, the possibility of these failures should be considered in their design. If necessary, adequate [[Cross bracing|bracing]] must be provided to avoid such failures.<br />
*[[Truss]]es: Trusses are composed of straight members connected at their ends by [[Hinge|hinged connections]] to form a stable configuration. Because of their light weight and high strength, they are among the most commonly used types of structure.<br />
*[[Shear strength|Shear]] structures: These are structures such as [[reinforced concrete]] or wooden [[shear wall]]s, which are used in multistory buildings to reduce lateral movements due to [[Wind engineering|wind loads]] and earthquake excitations. Shear structures develop mainly [[Shear stress|in-plane shear]] with relatively small bending stresses under the action of external loads.<br />
*[[Bending]] structures: Bending structures develop mainly [[Torsion (mechanics)|bending stresses]] under the action of external loads. The shear stresses associated with the changes in bending moments may also be significant, and should be considered in their design.<br />
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==High-rise buildings==<br />
The structural system of a [[high-rise]] building is designed to cope with vertical gravity loads as well as [[lateral load]]s caused by wind or seismic activity. The structural system consists only of the members designed to carry the loads, and all other members are referred to as non-structural.<br />
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A classification for the structural system of a high-rise was introduced in 1969 by [[Fazlur Khan]] and was extended to incorporate interior and exterior structures. The primary lateral load-resisting system defines if a structural system is an interior or exterior one.<ref name=AliStruct>{{Cite journal|title=Structural Developments in Tall Buildings: Current Trends and Future Prospects|first1=Mir M.|last1=Ali|first2=Kyoung Sun|last2=Moon|journal=Architectural Science Review|volume=50|issue=3|year=2007|pages=205–223|doi=10.3763/asre.2007.5027|s2cid=30307648 |citeseerx=10.1.1.469.893}}</ref> The following interior structures are possible:<br />
*[[Hinged frame]]<br />
*[[Rigid frame]]<br />
*[[Braced frame]] and [[Shear wall|Shear-walled frame]]<br />
*[[Outrigger]] structures (supporting [[overhang (architecture)|overhangs]])<br />
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The following exterior structures are possible:<br />
*[[Buttress]]es<br />
*[[Diagrid]]<br />
*[[Exoskeleton]]<br />
*[[Space truss]]<br />
*[[Superframe (structure)|Superframe]]<br />
*[[Tube (structure)]]<br />
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==See also==<br />
*[[Base isolation]]<br />
*[[Body-on-frame]] (automotive)<br />
*[[Buttressed core]]<br />
*[[Double wishbone suspension]] (automotive)<br />
*[[MacPherson strut]] (automotive)<br />
*[[Monocoque]] (automotive)<br />
*[[Space frame]]<br />
*[[Staggered truss system]]<br />
*[[Superleggera]] (automotive)<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
*[http://standards.phorio.com/?t=definition&code=4650342010 List of structural framing systems on Phorio Standards]<br />
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{{Authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Structural System}}<br />
[[Category:Structural system| ]]</div>imported>Pancho507