http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Siege_of_Deventer_%281591%29Siege of Deventer (1591) - Revision history2026-06-02T01:52:48ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.1http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Siege_of_Deventer_(1591)&diff=8071669&oldid=previmported>VidarVN at 07:49, 16 October 20242024-10-16T07:49:32Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|1591 siege in the Netherlands}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox military conflict<br />
|conflict=Siege of Deventer (1591)<br />
|image=Het beleg van Deventer (1591) door Prins Maurits - The siege of Deventer in 1591 by Prince Maurice (Bartholomeus Willemsz. Dolendo).jpg<br />
|image_size=300px<br />
|caption=The siege of Deventer in 1591 - print by [[Bartholomeus Dolendo]]<br />
|partof=the [[Eighty Years' War]] & [[Maurice's campaign of 1591]]<br />
|date=1–10 June 1591<br />
|place=[[Deventer]], [[Overijssel]] <br>(present-day the [[Netherlands]])<br />
|result=Dutch-English victory<ref name="Markahm">Markham pp 174-75</ref><br />
|combatant1={{flag|United Provinces|1581}}<br>{{flagcountry|Kingdom of England}}<br />
|combatant2={{flagicon|Spain|1506}} [[Spanish Empire]]<br />
|commander1={{flagicon|Dutch Republic|1581}} [[Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange|Maurice of Nassau]]<br>{{flagicon|Kingdom of England}} [[Francis Vere]]<br />
|commander2={{flagicon|Spain|1506}} [[Herman van den Bergh (stadhouder)|Herman van den Bergh]]<br />
|strength1=9,000 infantry<br>1,600 cavalry<br>28 guns<br />
|strength2=1,200<br />
|casualties1=200<ref name="Markahm"/><br />
|casualties2=All surrendered<br />
|}}<br />
{{Campaignbox Dutch Revolt}}<br />
{{Campaignbox Anglo-Spanish War}}<br />
<br />
The '''siege of Deventer''' was a siege of the city of [[Deventer]] from 1 to 10 June 1591 during the [[Eighty Years' War]] by [[Dutch Republic|Dutch]] and [[English people|English]] troops under [[Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange|Maurice of Nassau]] in an attempt to retake it from its [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] garrison, commanded by [[Herman van den Bergh (stadhouder)|Herman van den Bergh]] on behalf of the Spanish.<ref name="Watson">{{cite book|last=Watson|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Watson (historian)|title=The History of the Reign of Philip the Second, King of Spain|year=1839|publisher=Tegg|location=Lyon Public Library|pages=473–74|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rU71KMHN4V8C&pg=PA473}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
The city had first been captured by the States in 1579 but regained by the Spanish in the meantime after its betrayal by English [[turncoat]] governor [[William Stanley (Elizabethan)|William Stanley]].<br />
<br />
After the [[Siege of Zutphen (1591)|capture of Zutphen]] which surrendered on 30 May 1591 Maurice of Orange with his Anglo-Dutch army marched towards Deventer on the right bank of the river [[IJssel]]. Maurice's force numbered 9,000 infantry and 1,200 cavalry, half of the force came from the [[British Isles]] - fourteen English companies under Sir Francis Vere and the ten [[Scottish people|Scots]] companies under Colonel William Balfour.<ref name="Knight">Knight, Charles Raleigh: ''Historical records of The Buffs, East Kent Regiment (3rd Foot) formerly designated the Holland Regiment and Prince George of Denmark's Regiment''. Vol I. London, Gale & Polden, 1905, [http://ia600408.us.archive.org/BookReader/BookReaderImages.php?zip=/23/items/historicalrecor00kniggoog/historicalrecor00kniggoog_tif.zip&file=historicalrecor00kniggoog_tif/historicalrecor00kniggoog_0072.tif&scale=4&rotate=0 p. 39]</ref><br />
<br />
==Siege==<br />
[[File:Karel Frederik Bombled - Anno 1591. Tweestrijd tussen Rijhove en een Spaanse krijgsman - SA 5122 - Amsterdam Museum.jpg|thumb|right|Duel between Rijhove and an Albanian warrior in Spanish service outside the walls of Deventer.]]<br />
On 1 June the Anglo-Dutch force surrounded the town and began entrenching. Eight days later a breach was made and Maurice allowed the honour of the assault to be made by the English. As they attacked they came across a bridge of boats but found it was too short and were unable to advance any further and withdrew after some loss.<ref name="Markahm"/><br />
<br />
Maurice was desirous of giving up the siege for fears of a Spanish relief army. Vere induced him to persist and the same evening the Spanish garrison [[Sortie (siege warfare)|sallied]] to destroy the bridge but they were repulsed by the English [[Pike (weapon)|pikemen]].<ref name="Knight"/><br />
<br />
On June 10 Van den Burgh having been wounded realised that no help was forthcoming, so he and the town capitulated - the garrison marched out on the following day.<ref name="Watson"/><br />
<br />
==Aftermath==<br />
For the English the capture of both Zutphen and Deventer were important in recovering the losses caused by the mistaken confidence which the [[Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester|Earl of Leicester]] had placed in traitors William Stanley and [[Rowland York]].<ref name="Markahm"/><br />
<br />
Maurice decided to strike at [[Groningen]] held by [[Francisco Verdugo]], but reports reached him that the [[Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma|Duke of Parma]] was preparing to move to reinforce that place with 20,000 men. Maurice realising he would be outnumbered withdrew to the north and marched to [[Delfzijl]] and [[Capture of Delfzijl|took the place]] July 2.<ref name="Wernham">{{cite book|last1=Wernham|first1=Richard Bruce|title=List and Analysis of State Papers, Foreign Series: June 1591-April 1592, Volume 1; Volumes 3-4|date=1980|publisher=H.M. Stationery Office|isbn=9783601002314|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5tMLAQAAIAAJ}}</ref><br />
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== References ==<br />
===Citations===<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
===Bibliography===<br />
* {{cite book|last=Markham|first=C. R|title=The Fighting Veres: Lives Of Sir Francis Vere And Sir Horace Vere|year=2007|publisher=Kessinger Publishing|isbn=978-1432549053}}<br />
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{{coords|52|15||N|6|9||E|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Conflicts in 1591|Deventer]]<br />
[[Category:1591 in the Dutch Republic]]<br />
[[Category:1591 in the Habsburg Netherlands]]<br />
[[Category:16th-century military history of the Kingdom of England]]<br />
[[Category:16th-century military history of Spain]]<br />
[[Category:Battles of the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)|Deventer (1591)]]<br />
[[Category:Eighty Years' War (1566–1609)]]<br />
[[Category:Sieges of the Eighty Years' War|Deventer (1591)]]<br />
[[Category:Sieges involving the Dutch Republic|Deventer (1591)]]<br />
[[Category:Sieges involving England|Deventer (1591)]]<br />
[[Category:Sieges involving Spain|Deventer (1591)]]<br />
[[Category:History of Overijssel|Deventer]]<br />
[[Category:History of Deventer]]</div>imported>VidarVN