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{{Short description|Village in Wiltshire, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox UK place
|official_name= Shrewton
|static_image_name= Shrewton, High Street - River Till - geograph.org.uk - 362120.jpg
|static_image_caption= High Street and River Till
|coordinates = {{coord|51.194|-1.904|type:city(2000)_region:GB-WIL|display=inline,title}}
|os_grid_reference= SU068439
|label_position= top
|population= 1724
|population_ref= (in 2021)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/southwestengland/wiltshire/E63005726__shrewton/ | title=Shrewton (Wiltshire, South West England, United Kingdom)}}</ref>
|civil_parish= Shrewton
|unitary_england= [[Wiltshire Council|Wiltshire]]
|lieutenancy_england= [[Wiltshire]]
|region= South West England
|country= England
|post_town= Salisbury
|postcode_district= SP3
|postcode_area= SP
|dial_code= 01980
|constituency_westminster= [[East Wiltshire (UK Parliament constituency)|East Wiltshire]]
|website= {{URL|https://www.shrewtonparishcouncil.com/|Parish Council}}
}}
'''Shrewton''' is a village and [[Civil parishes in England|civil parish]] on [[Salisbury Plain]] in [[Wiltshire]], England, around {{convert|6|mi|km}} west of [[Amesbury]] and {{convert|14|mi|km}} north of [[Salisbury]]. It lies on the [[A360 road]] between [[Stonehenge]] and [[Tilshead]]. It is close to the source of the [[River Till, Wiltshire|River Till]], which flows south to [[Stapleford, Wiltshire|Stapleford]].<ref>{{Google maps | url =https://www.google.com/maps/place/51%C2%B011'38.4%22N+1%C2%B054'14.4%22W/@51.1946724,-1.9111025,2434m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0x0!8m2!3d51.194!4d-1.904?hl=en | access-date =4 September 2016}}</ref>

== History ==
The [[Domesday Book]] of 1086 recorded three estates held by [[Edward of Salisbury]] at ''Wintreburne'', in all with 43 households.<ref>{{OpenDomesday|SU0643|shrewton|Shrewton}}</ref> The name Shrewton came into use from 1236<ref name="vch" /> and is derived from the [[Old English]] ''scīr-rēfa tūn'', meaning 'sheriff's farm or settlement'.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Wiltshire/Shrewton|title=Shrewton, Wiltshire|work=Key to English Place Names|publisher=University of Nottingham|access-date=29 July 2012}}</ref>

Addeston was a village of medieval origin, which now forms an integral part of the modern village of Shrewton. The place name survives in Addestone Farm ({{gbmapping|SU 0655 4300}}) and Addestone Manor ({{gbmappingsmall|SU 0673 4330}}).<ref name="pscp">{{cite web|url=http://www.pastscape.org.uk/maps.aspx?a=0&hob_id=866994|title=Addeston, Wiltshire|publisher=[[English Heritage]]|access-date=3 February 2014}}</ref>

A village or hamlet called Netton lay in the east of the parish, but dwindled away by the 19th century; the name survives in Nett Road and Net Down.

In 1934 the civil parish of Shrewton was enlarged by the addition of the parishes of [[Maddington, Wiltshire|Maddington]] (to the south and west) and [[Rollestone]] (south and east).<ref name="vch">{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol15/pp242-252|title=Victoria County History – Wiltshire – Vol 15 pp242-252 – Parishes: Shrewton|website=British History Online|publisher=University of London|access-date=1 May 2015}}</ref>

[[RAF Shrewton]], a [[World War II|Second World War]] [[Royal Air Force]] airfield with grass runways, was to the north of village. It closed in 1946 and its site returned to farmland.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shrewton|url=https://www.abct.org.uk/airfields/airfield-finder/shrewton/|access-date=2020-06-07|website=Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust}}</ref>

==Governance==
The parish elects a [[Parish councils in England|parish council]]. It is in the area of [[Wiltshire Council]], a [[Unitary authorities of England|unitary authority]], which is responsible for all significant local government functions.

==Churches==
===Parish church===
[[File:St. Marys, Shrewton - geograph.org.uk - 134619.jpg|thumb|left|St Mary's Church, Shrewton]]
The [[Church of England parish church]] of St Mary, on the High Street, was built in the late 12th or early 13th century and has a 16th-century west tower.<ref name=chlisting>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1023996|desc=Church of St. Mary the Virgin|access-date=27 January 2020}}</ref> During [[Victorian restoration|restoration]] and enlargement in 1855 by [[Thomas Henry Wyatt|T. H. Wyatt]], the north porch was added, and the chancel, nave arcades and south aisle rebuilt;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Church/Details/737|title=Church of St. Mary, Shrewton|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=27 January 2020}}</ref> fragments of 12th-century work survive in some of the arcade pillars.<ref>{{cite web|title=St Mary, Shrewton|website=Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture|publisher=King's College London|url=https://www.crsbi.ac.uk/view-item?i=3447|access-date=27 January 2020}}</ref> Wyatt also replaced the nave roof, raising it with a clerestory, which is criticised by [[Nikolaus Pevsner|Pevsner]] as having "dwarfed the tower".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pevsner |first1=Nikolaus |author-link1=Nikolaus Pevsner |last2=Cherry |first2=Bridget (revision) |author-link2=Bridget Cherry |year=1975 |orig-year=1963 |title=Wiltshire |series=[[The Buildings of England]] |edition=2nd |place=Harmondsworth |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=0-14-0710-26-4 |page=471}}</ref>

Three of the six bells were cast in 1619.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shrewton|url=http://dove.cccbr.org.uk/detail.php?DoveID=SHREWTON|website=Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers|access-date=27 January 2020}}</ref> The [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]]-style font by Wyatt is described as "especially good" by Historic England.<ref name=chlisting /> The building, in flint and limestone ashlar, was recorded as [[Grade II* listed]] in 1958.<ref name=chlisting />

The benefices of Shrewton and Maddington were united in 1869<ref name=vch /> and Rollestone was added in 1923,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=32792 |date=2 February 1923|pages=782-783}}</ref> but the three parishes remained distinct until 1970.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=45115 |date=4 June 1970|page=6218}}</ref> Today the church is part of the Salisbury Plain Benefice.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shrewton|url=https://salisburyplainbenefice.com/shrewton/|website=Salisbury Plain Benefice|access-date=27 January 2020}}</ref>

===Maddington===
[[St Mary's Church, Maddington|St Mary's Church]] in the [[Maddington, Wiltshire|Maddington]] part of the parish was built in the late 12th century. It is also Grade II* listed<ref name="maddlisting">{{National Heritage List for England|num=1023996|desc=Church of St. Mary the Virgin, Maddington|access-date=27 January 2020|fewer-links=yes}}</ref> and is now in the care of the [[Churches Conservation Trust]].<ref name="cct">{{cite web|url=https://www.visitchurches.org.uk/visit/church-listing/st-mary-maddington.html|title=St Mary, Maddington|publisher=[[Churches Conservation Trust]]|access-date=27 January 2020}}</ref> The church has [[Norman architecture|Norman]] origins, belonging to [[Amesbury Priory]] in 1179,<ref name="wcc">{{cite web|title=Church of St. Mary, Maddington, Shrewton|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Church/Details/742|publisher=[[Wiltshire County Council]]|access-date=12 October 2010}}</ref> with the earliest parts of the existing building dating from the late 12th and early 13th century,<ref name="maddlisting"/> although there have been several alterations since, including the renewal of the roof of the [[nave]] in 1603.<ref name="wcc"/> Sir [[Stephen Fox]] became the lord of the manor in the late 17th century and paid for the rebuilding of the chancel and redecoration.<ref name="wcc"/> In 1853 the [[chancel]] was rebuilt and the whole church restored by T. H. Wyatt,<ref name="cct"/> including the erection of the gabled porch.<ref name="maddlisting"/> The walls of the nave and chancel have a chequerboard pattern of [[flint]] and [[sandstone]]. There is a low west tower. The interior includes a large plaster [[cartouche]] of [[strapwork]] enclosing the date 1637, which may the date of construction of a gallery which has since been demolished.<ref name="cct"/> The [[stained glass]] includes work by [[Alexander Gibbs]] in the south [[aisle]].<ref name="maddlisting"/> The church was declared [[Redundant church|redundant]] in 1975 and passed to the Redundant Churches Fund in 1979 which later became the Churches Conservation Trust.<ref name="wcc"/>

===Rollestone===
[[St Andrew's Church, Rollestone|St Andrew's Church]] in the Rollestone settlement was built in the early 13th century. A Grade II* listed building,<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1181917|desc=Church of St. Andrew|access-date=27 January 2020|fewer-links=yes}}</ref> it is now in the care of the [[Churches Conservation Trust]].<ref name="cctstandrew">{{cite web|url=https://www.visitchurches.org.uk/visit/church-listing/st-andrew-rollestone.html|title=St Andrew, Rollestone|publisher=[[Churches Conservation Trust]]|access-date=13 October 2010}}</ref> The church is built of flint and stone in a chequerwork pattern. It has two large [[Perpendicular Period|Perpendicular]] windows, and a font from the 13th century. The oak benches were brought from the redundant church of St Catherine’s at [[Haydon, Dorset]] in 1981.<ref name="cctstandrew"/>

== Other buildings ==
[[File:The Blind House, Shrewton - geograph.org.uk - 454325.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The Blind House, the [[village lock-up]]; to its right is an 18th-century milestone]]
Shrewton Manor, on the High Street, is a 17th-century house in limestone and flint, with extensions built in the early 19th and early 20th centuries.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1355661|desc=Shrewton Manor|access-date=27 January 2020|fewer-links=yes}}</ref> Next to the bridge over the Till is a domed [[village lock-up]] called The Blind House, dressed limestone, built around 1700. The sign on it reads "The Blind House. Village criminals were kept in this 18th Century prison".<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1024000|desc=Blind house on bridge|access-date=27 January 2020|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>

Shrewton House, northeast of the village, is a country house of c.1830.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1023995|desc=Shrewton House|access-date=27 January 2020|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>

==Amenities==
The village has a primary school, Shrewton CE VC Primary School.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shrewton Primary School|url=http://www.shrewtonschool.co.uk/|access-date=1 May 2015}}</ref> [[Appleford School]], an independent specialist dyslexia school, is near the village.

The whole length of the River Till is a [[River Till SSSI, Wiltshire|Site of Special Scientific Interest]].

Shrewton has a [[Non-League football]] club, [[Shrewton United F.C.]], who play at the Recreation Ground. The village also has a cricket club who play in the Hampshire League.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.shrewtoncricketclub.co.uk/|title=Shrewton Cricket Club|language=en|access-date=10 January 2019}}</ref>

==Notable people==
[[Cecil Chubb]] (1876–1934), barrister and landowner who in 1918 donated [[Stonehenge]] to the nation, was born at Shrewton.<ref name="vch" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.shrewtonparishcouncil.com/ Shrewton Parish Council]
* [https://shrewton.com/ Village website]
* {{cite web|title=Shrewton|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Community/Index/202|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=1 May 2015}}
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[[Category:Villages in Wiltshire]]
[[Category:Civil parishes in Wiltshire]]

Shrewton - Revision history

imported>Keith D: Change {{EngvarB}} to {{use British English}}