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{{Short description|Art movement}}
'''Serial art''' is an [[art movement]] in which uniform elements or objects were assembled in accordance with strict modular principles.{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} The composition of serial art is a systematic process.

==Overview==
An early example of serial art is [[Constantin Brâncuși]]'s sculpture ''[[The Endless Column|Endless Column]]''.{{Citation needed|date=September 2016}}

One type of serial art is the production of multiple objects (paintings, sculptures, etc.) in sets or series, for example [[Josef Albers]]' well-known series of “square” paintings, where a single, repeating image creates a variation series. This technique later became associated with [[minimalism]], the “multiple”, and “ABC art”. However, there is a different type, which may be regarded as more essentially “serial” because it is “characterized by the nonhierarchical juxtaposition of equivalent representations, which only yield their complete meaning on the basis of their mutual relationship”.<ref>Sykora 1983, 7.</ref> This produces sequential structures defined similarly to those of a [[twelve-tone row]], found for example in [[Max Bill]]'s series, ''Fünfzehn Variationen über ein Thema'' (1934–38), and in [[Richard Paul Lohse]]'s ''30 vertikale systematische Farbreihen in gelber Rautenform'' (1943–70) and ''Konkretion III'' (1947).<ref>Guderian 1985, 436–37.</ref>

[[Sol LeWitt]] wrote that "the serial [[artist]] does not attempt to produce a beautiful or mysterious object but functions merely as a clerk cataloguing the results of his [[premise]]."<ref>[[Sam Hunter (art historian)|Hunter]] and Jacobus 1986, 326.</ref>

==See also==
*[[Conceptual art]]
*[[Contemporary art]]
*[[Formalism (art)]]
*[[Geometric abstraction]]
*[[Hard-edge painting]]
*[[Information art]]
*[[Minimalism]]
*[[Modernism]]
*[[Modular constructivism]]
*[[Op Art]]
*[[Post-modernism]]
*[[Serialism]]
*[[Structuralism]]
*[[Systems art]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* Guderian, Dietmar. 1985. “Serielle Strukturen und harmonikale Systeme.” In ''Vom Klang der Bilder: die Musik in der Kunst des 20. Jahrhunderts'', edited by Karin von Maur, 434–37. Munich: [[Prestel-Verlag]].
* [[Sam Hunter (art historian)|Hunter, Sam]], and John Jacobus. 1986 ''Modern Art ''. Englewod Cliffs, NJ: [[Prentice-Hall]] Inc; New York: [[Harry Abrams]] Inc.
* Sykora, Katharina. 1983. ''Das Phänomen des Seriellen in der Kunst: Aspekte einer künstlerischen Methode von Monet bis zur amerikanischen Pop Art''. Würzburg: [[Könighausen + Neumann]].

==Further reading==
* Bandur, Markus. 2001. ''Aesthetics of Total Serialism: Contemporary Research from Music to Architecture''. Basel, Boston and Berlin: [[Birkhäuser]].
* Bochner, Mel. 1967. "The Serial Attitude". ''[[Artforum]]'' 6, no. 4 (December): 28–33.
* Gerstner, Karl. 1964. ''Designing Programmes: Four Essays and an Introduction'', with an introduction to the introduction by [[Paul Gredinger]]. English version by D. Q. Stephenson. Teufen, Switzerland: Arthur Niggli. Enlarged, new edition 1968.
* Pias, Claus. 2006. "Multiple". ''DuMonts Begriffslexikon zur zeitgenössischen Kunst'', second, revised edition, edited by Hubertus Butin, 219–24. Cologne: [[DuMont-Buchverlag]].

==External links==
*[http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?object_id=81533 Sol LeWitt, ''Serial Project, I (ABCD)''. Museum of Modern Art website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080527235902/http://www.minusspace.com/chronology1960-1969.htm Chronology mentioning Serial art and related movements]

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[[Category:Serial art| ]]
[[Category:Art movements]]
[[Category:Contemporary art movements]]
[[Category:Modern art]]
[[Category:20th-century art movements]]

Serial art - Revision history

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